Erdf – Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources in Burgenland a Model for Other European Regions 0
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EN erDf – promotion of renewable energy sources in Burgenland A model for other European regions 0. Contents 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE LOCATION – BURGENLAND .......................................................................3 2. SUMMARY: BURGENLAND, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND EU FINANCIAL SUPPORT ......................................................................................................................................................5 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................................................7 1) Biomass: From remote heating systems to a biomass energy cluster in Southern Burgenland .........................................................................................................................................................................7 2) Moving into photovoltaic ..........................................................................................................................................9 3) Using wind power on the Parndorfer Platte (Plain) ..................................................................................11 4) Support for education and training at the Burgenland College of Higher Education in Pinkafeld and the Centre for Renewable Energy in Güssing ...............................................................12 4. STRATEGIC CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................................................................... 14 5. ROLE OF THE ERDF IN STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................... 16 6. TRANSFERABILITY TO OTHER REGIONS OF EUROPE: CREATION OF A 'BURGENLAND' CLUSTER IN SLOVENIA? ................................................................................... 17 7. WHY IS ALL OF THIS SO RELEVANT TO THE CURRENT DEBATE ABOUT THE FUTURE OF EUROPEAN COHESION POLICY? ................................................................. 18 Manuscript completed in October 2009. © European Union, 2009 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. DOI: 10.2776/16235 Photos: © EC Editor: Raphaël Goulet, European Commission Directorate-General for Regional Policy. This brochure is printed in English and German. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. 1. Description of the location – Burgenland Burgenland lies in the east of Austria, and has borders with the Slovak was mainly perceptible in Northern Burgenland. Other parts of the Republic to the north-east, Hungary to the east and Slovenia in the region developed in a rather lacklustre fashion, and the population south-east. Burgenland's area of 3 965 km² makes it the third-smallest was stagnant or in decline. Compared with 1991, the 2001 census Land in the Austrian federation, but in terms of population (2006: reported a 2.5% population increase for the Land as a whole, which 280 082) it is the smallest Land. Its north-south elongation (160 km) on is below the comparative figure for Austria. The positive population the one hand and the consequences of the re-drawing of borders after growth in the last two decades is attributable to net immigration. The the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian empire and the associated loss of population balance is still negative and Burgenland still has one of the functional markets, particularly the loss of all developed urban centres, lowest fertility rates in Austria. have had a serious impact on the development of the region. Despite the economic catching-up process, which has picked up In 1921, Burgenland was separated from the former Western Hungary, speed in the last ten years, Burgenland is still the least economically and became the ninth Land of the Austrian federation. The former developed Land in Austria. The situation is exacerbated by a pronounced regional urban centres such as Sopron (pop. 60 000) or Szombathely (pop. North-South divide. 80 000) remained in Hungary. Even today, Burgenland is predominantly made up of small towns and villages, with the regional capital of The economic strength of Burgenland – measured in gross regional Eisenstadt with its population of 12 366 (2006) having the highest product per capita – is well below the Austrian average and comparative population. Topographically, Burgenland is largely in the periphery of values for Europe. In 2002, the Land as a whole only reached 82% of the the Hungarian lowlands. European average level, and this was subject to pronounced regional disparities. Northern Burgenland almost reached the European average While Northern Burgenland, particularly the area around Eisenstadt and (EU-25), while other areas of the region lagged well behind. In the Mattersburg can be considered central in terms of accessibility from the national comparison, the whole Land was among the stragglers, only federal capital Vienna and attractiveness as a location, most of Central achieving 67% of national levels. and Southern Burgenland can be classified as extremely peripheral. Radical structural change began to occur as Burgenland's economy During the 1920s, the region developed culturally, economically and grew during the mid-1990s, not least as a result of the implementation with regard to transport facilities (mainly East-West routes) around of the Objective 1 programme. Nevertheless, the regional economic the urban centres of the time: Sopron, Szombathely and Köszeg or infrastructure differs greatly from that of any other Land in Austria. towards Vienna. Only in the early 1960s was there any steady expansion of the transport infrastructure within the region, reflecting the new The technology offensive in Burgenland, and the associated geopolitical circumstances. establishment of technology centres laid the foundations for future development in forward-looking fields of the secondary sector of Due to the opening of the borders to neighbouring countries in the economy, or in service industries (regional strengths). This kind of the early 1990s, and their EU accession, the geopolitical situation of forward-looking sector, which the technology centres are expected Burgenland has recently changed once more. Now the Land is part of the to address, includes: 'CENTROPE' region (with Vienna, Bratislava, Györ and Brno as its urban centres), the Future Region South-East (Carinthia, Styria, Burgenland, • wind power, controls, materials, logistics, biotechnology in Northern Hungary, Slovenia, Italy) as well as the EuRegio West/Nyugat Pannonia Burgenland; (Burgenland, Györ-Moson-Sopron, Zala and Vas). • green technologies in Central Burgenland; • energy and green technologies (Güssing), optoelectronics The peripheral situation and the lack of urban amenities made (Jennersdorf). Burgenland a classic emigration region for decades. For years, Burgenland had negative population growth. Population statistics lagged well behind the comparative statistics for Austria up until the 1980s. 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