STUDI ROMANI an N O LIX - NN
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Hassler's Roma: a Publication That Descrive Tutte Le Meraviglie Intorno Al Nostro Al- Describes All the Marvels, Both Hidden and Not, Bergo, Nascoste E Non
HASSLER’S ROMA A CURA DI FILIPPO COSMELLI Prodotto in esclusiva per l’Hotel Hassler direzione creativa: Filippo Cosmelli direzione editoriale: Daniela Bianco fotografie: Alessandro Celani testi: Filippo Cosmelli & Giacomo Levi ricerche iconografiche: Pietro Aldobrandini traduzione: Logos Srls. - Creative services assistente: Carmen Mariel Di Buono mappe disegnate a mano: Mario Camerini progetto grafico: Leonardo Magrelli stampato presso: Varigrafica, Roma Tutti I Diritti Riservati Nessuna parte di questo libro può essere riprodotta in nessuna forma senza il preventivo permesso da parte dell’Hotel Hassler 2018. If/Books · Marchio di Proprietà di If S.r.l. Via di Parione 17, 00186 Roma · www.ifbooks.it Gentilissimi ospiti, cari amici, Dear guests, dear friends, Le strade, le piazze e i monumenti che circonda- The streets, squares and buildings that surround no l’Hotel Hassler sono senza dubbio parte inte- the Hassler Hotel are without a doubt an in- grante della nostra identità. Attraversando ogni tegral part of our identity. Crossing Trinità de mattina la piazza di Trinità de Monti, circonda- Monti every morning, surrounded by the stair- ta dalla scalinata, dal verde brillante del Pincio case, the brilliant greenery of the Pincio and the e dalla quiete di via Gregoriana, è inevitabile silence of Via Gregoriana, the desire to preser- che sorga il desiderio di preservare, e traman- ve and hand so much beauty down to future ge- dare tanta bellezza. È per questo che sono feli- nerations is inevitable. This is why I am pleased ce di presentarvi Hassler’s Roma: un volume che to present Hassler's Roma: a publication that descrive tutte le meraviglie intorno al nostro al- describes all the marvels, both hidden and not, bergo, nascoste e non. -
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Journal of Arts & Humanities Volume 09, Issue 06, 2020: 01-11 Article Received: 26-04-2020 Accepted: 05-06-2020 Available Online: 13-06-2020 ISSN: 2167-9045 (Print), 2167-9053 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v9i6.1920 Caravaggio and Tenebrism—Beauty of light and shadow in baroque paintings Andy Xu1 ABSTRACT The following paper examines the reasons behind the use of tenebrism by Caravaggio under the special context of Counter-Reformation and its influence on later artists during the Baroque in Northern Europe. As Protestantism expanded throughout the entire Europe, the Catholic Church was seeking artistic methods to reattract believers. Being the precursor of Counter-Reformation art, Caravaggio incorporated tenebrism in his paintings. Art historians mostly correlate the use of tenebrism with religion, but there have also been scholars proposing how tenebrism reflects a unique naturalism that only belongs to Caravaggio. The paper will thus start with the introduction of tenebrism, discuss the two major uses of this artistic technique and will finally discuss Caravaggio’s legacy until today. Keywords: Caravaggio, Tenebrism, Counter-Reformation, Baroque, Painting, Religion. This is an open access article under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. 1. Introduction Most scholars agree that the Baroque range approximately from 1600 to 1750. There are mainly four aspects that led to the Baroque: scientific experimentation, free-market economies in Northern Europe, new philosophical and political ideas, and the division in the Catholic Church due to criticism of its corruption. Despite the fact that Galileo's discovery in astronomy, the Tulip bulb craze in Amsterdam, the diplomatic artworks by Peter Paul Rubens, the music by Johann Sebastian Bach, the Mercantilist economic theories of Colbert, the Absolutism in France are all fascinating, this paper will focus on the sophisticated and dramatic production of Catholic art during the Counter-Reformation ("Baroque Art and Architecture," n.d.). -
Eckhard Leuschner Roman Virtue, Dynastic Succession
Originalveröffentlichung in: Studia Rudolphina 6 (2006), S. 5-25 ECKHARD LEUSCHNER ROMAN VIRTUE, DYNASTIC SUCCESSION AND THE RE-USE OF IMAGES: CONSTRUCTING AUTHORITY IN SIXTEENTH- AND SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY PORTRAITURE A hallmark of seventeenth-century portraiture commander, with the modern portrait head was the simultaneous existence of highly of Alessandro added by the sculptor Ippolito original artistic solutions and, alongside Buzio.1 Alessandro's statue was not the last this, an unprecedented number of imitations, of these assemblages of ancient and modern replications and copies. While the increase in parts to be displayed in the room. In 1630, for the latter can partly be explained by technical example, the city's governing council decreed innovations in the production and diffusion that a similar monument be erected to the of every kind of imagery, some of the most recently deceased general Carlo Barberini (Fig. fascinating and, at the same time, provoking 1). On this occasion, another classical Roman cases of images being constantly re-used were torso was joined to a portrait head produced by motivated by more complex reasons, some of Gianlorenzo Bernini, while Alessandro Algardi which will be discussed in this paper. I will contributed the arms and legs.2 explore examples of both material re-use, i.e. Why did the city of Rome order this kind the integration of physical parts of the old of patchwork imagery when it could have had work into the new, and of the use of forms or complete statues made by Buzio, Bernini or compositions by way of copying and imitation. Algardi? The most obvious explanation, of The first part of the text analyses the recurring course, is time and money: with the largest references to visual and literary models of segment of the sculpture already supplied "Roman" virtue and dynastic succession in in the form of the classical torso, the artists the self-representations of early-seventeenth- had less work to do and could charge only a century nobility. -
Observing Protest from a Place
VISUAL AND MATERIAL CULTURE, 13001700 Sheila McTighe Representing from LifeLife inin Seventeenth-century Italy FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS Representing from Life in Seventeenth-century Italy FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS Visual and Material Culture, 1300–1700 A forum for innovative research on the role of images and objects in the late me- dieval and early modern periods, Visual and Material Culture, 1300–1700 publishes monographs and essay collections that combine rigorous investigation with critical inquiry to present new narratives on a wide range of topics, from traditional arts to seemingly ordinary things. Recognizing the fluidity of images, objects, and ideas, this series fosters cross-cultural as well as multi-disciplinary exploration. We consider proposals from across the spectrum of analytic approaches and methodologies. Series Editor Dr. Allison Levy, an art historian, has written and/or edited three scholarly books, and she has been the recipient of numerous grants and awards, from the Nation- al Endowment for the Humanities, the American Association of University Wom- en, the Getty Research Institute, the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library of Harvard University, the Whiting Foundation and the Bogliasco Foundation, among others. www.allisonlevy.com. FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS Representing from Life in Seventeenth- century Italy Sheila McTighe Amsterdam University Press FOR PRIVATE AND NON-COMMERCIAL USE AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS Cover illustration: Claude Lorrain. An artist studying from nature. 1639. Oil on canvas. Cincinnati Art Museum, Ohio, USA / Gift of Mary Hanna / Bridgeman Images. Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Lay-out: Newgen/Konvertus isbn 978 94 6298 328 1 e-isbn 978 90 4853 326 8 doi 10.5117/ 9789462983281 nur 685 © S. -
Caravaggio's Capitoline Saint John
Caravaggio’s Capitoline Saint John: An Emblematic Image of Divine Love Shannon Pritchard With an oeuvre filled with striking, even shocking works, mid-1601 on the invitation of the Roman Marchese Ciriaco Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio’s Saint John the Baptist Mattei and his two brothers, Cardinal Girolamo Mattei and in the Wilderness, still remains one of his most visually com- Asdrubale Mattei, and remained there for approximately two pelling works (Figure 1).1 The painting, now in the Capitoline years.4 Thirteen years later, his painting was recorded in the Museum in Rome, was completed around 1601-02 during the 1616 inventory of Ciriaco’s only son and heir, Giovanni Battista height of the artist’s Roman career.2 At first glance, the nude Mattei, at which time it was listed as “Saint John the Baptist figure, splayed from corner to corner across the entire canvas, with his lamb by the hand of Caravaggio.”5 From this point produces an uneasy response in the viewer. The boy’s soft, forward, the painting is documented in numerous invento- curly hair, prepubescent body and coquettish turn of the head ries, and these records reveal that uncertainty over the subject endow the image with an unexpected sensuality. It is precisely matter was present virtually from the beginning. In 1623, this quality that has spawned nearly four hundred years of Giovanni Battista Mattei bequeathed the painting to Cardinal debate about the identity of Caravaggio’s nude youth, the sup- Francesco Maria del Monte, in whose 1627 inventory it was posed John the Baptist. -
Apostle to the Gentiles” Has Begun
50 Copyright © 2010 Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University Due to copyright restrictions, this image is only available in the print version of Racism. In Caravaggio’s painting, Saul is knocked flat on his back before our eyes and almost into our space. His suffering as the “apostle to the Gentiles” has begun. Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1573-1610), THE CONVERSION OF ST. PAUL (1600-1601). Oil on canvas, 90½ ” x 70”. Cerasi Chapel, S. Maria del Popolo, Rome, Italy. Photo: © Scala / Art Resource, NY. Used by permission. © 2010 Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University Apostle to the Gentiles BY HEIDI J. HORNIK aravaggio painted The Conversion of St. Paul as a pair with Crucifixion of St. Peter to establish a theme of suffering. The suffering of Peter, Cthe apostle to the Jews, as he is crucified upside down on a cross is immediately apparent. As the apostle to the Gentiles, Paul endured suffering and ridicule as he took the gospel to those outside the Jewish faith. Monsignor Tiberio Cerasi, treasurer general under Pope Clement VIII, com- missioned Caravaggio to paint the two pictures in his recently acquired private chapel in Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome. On September 24, 1600, Caravaggio signed a contract to paint them on two cypress panels measuring 10 x 8 palmi.† Keeping close to the details in the biblical accounts of the apostle’s con- version (Acts 9:1-6, 22:5-11, 26:13), Caravaggio does not embellish the narrative with an apparition of God or angels. The psychological dimension of the painting is very modern: Saul, the Jewish persecutor of Christians, is knocked flat on his back before our eyes and almost into our space. -
1 Caravaggio and a Neuroarthistory Of
CARAVAGGIO AND A NEUROARTHISTORY OF ENGAGEMENT Kajsa Berg A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia September 2009 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on the condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that no quotation from the thesis, nor any information derived therefrom, may be published without the author’s prior written consent. 1 Abstract ABSTRACT John Onians, David Freedberg and Norman Bryson have all suggested that neuroscience may be particularly useful in examining emotional responses to art. This thesis presents a neuroarthistorical approach to viewer engagement in order to examine Caravaggio’s paintings and the responses of early-seventeenth-century viewers in Rome. Data concerning mirror neurons suggests that people engaged empathetically with Caravaggio’s paintings because of his innovative use of movement. While spiritual exercises have been connected to Caravaggio’s interpretation of subject matter, knowledge about neural plasticity (how the brain changes as a result of experience and training), indicates that people who continually practiced these exercises would be more susceptible to emotionally engaging imagery. The thesis develops Baxandall’s concept of the ‘period eye’ in order to demonstrate that neuroscience is useful in context specific art-historical queries. Applying data concerning the ‘contextual brain’ facilitates the examination of both the cognitive skills and the emotional factors involved in viewer engagement. The skilful rendering of gestures and expressions was a part of the artist’s repertoire and Artemisia Gentileschi’s adaptation of the violent action emphasised in Caravaggio’s Judith Beheading Holofernes testifies to her engagement with his painting. -
I Dipinti a Soggetto Musicale Realizzati Da Caravaggio Per Del Monte, Si
I dipinti a soggetto musicale realizzati da Caravaggio per Del Monte, si relazionano a tale contesto oltre che nella selettiva scelta icongrafica, nel taglio orizzontale della tela ove le figure aggettano verso il primo piano, sovente contrassegnato dalla presenza di un tavolo. Il liuto al di là della sua evidente funzione musicale diviene strumento emblematico dall’elevato potere seduttivo, tanto da determinare la consuetudine nobiliare di arredare «le camere e gli studi [...] d’instrumenti musici» e le stanze: «di liuti, viole, violoni, lire, flauti [...] perché questi tali instrumenti dilettano molto alle orecchie e ricreano molto gli animi i quali come diceva Platone, si ricordano dell’armonia» (Castiglione 1554) Gli strumenti musicali dunque, ricolmano le stanze dei palazzi in forma di camere delle meraviglie, sorta di piccoli musei privati atti a testimoniare un particolare interesse collezioni- stico, come riporta in proposito il Borghini: «figure di teste e di marmo antiche [...] molti pesci secchi naturali chiocciole di madreperla [...] liuti d’avorio e d’ebano, arpicordi, viuole» BORGHINI 1584, Intorno al 1580, molti dei musicisti fiorentini e romani11 solevano riunirsi in compagnia di gentiluomini e letterati, nel palazzo fiorentino del conte Giovanni Bardi di Vernio (1513-1612): qui dissertavano sulle possibilità di conoscere quale fosse l’antica musica dei Greci con l’intento di farla rivivere nei tempi moderni. Il liutista Vincenzo Galilei (1533-1591) aveva an- nunciato la sua scoperta degli Inni di Mesomede e composto a riguardo il Dialogo della musica antica e moderna (1581). La persuasione di quei dotti era che recuperando la melopea dell’antica poesia greca, fosse possibile ricusare le sofisticazioni del contrappunto; piegando la monodia verso una diligente recitazione. -
Caravaggio, Second Revised Edition
CARAVAGGIO second revised edition John T. Spike with the assistance of Michèle K. Spike cd-rom catalogue Note to the Reader 2 Abbreviations 3 How to Use this CD-ROM 3 Autograph Works 6 Other Works Attributed 412 Lost Works 452 Bibliography 510 Exhibition Catalogues 607 Copyright Notice 624 abbeville press publishers new york london Note to the Reader This CD-ROM contains searchable catalogues of all of the known paintings of Caravaggio, including attributed and lost works. In the autograph works are included all paintings which on documentary or stylistic evidence appear to be by, or partly by, the hand of Caravaggio. The attributed works include all paintings that have been associated with Caravaggio’s name in critical writings but which, in the opinion of the present writer, cannot be fully accepted as his, and those of uncertain attribution which he has not been able to examine personally. Some works listed here as copies are regarded as autograph by other authorities. Lost works, whose catalogue numbers are preceded by “L,” are paintings whose current whereabouts are unknown which are ascribed to Caravaggio in seventeenth-century documents, inventories, and in other sources. The catalogue of lost works describes a wide variety of material, including paintings considered copies of lost originals. Entries for untraced paintings include the city where they were identified in either a seventeenth-century source or inventory (“Inv.”). Most of the inventories have been published in the Getty Provenance Index, Los Angeles. Provenance, documents and sources, inventories and selective bibliographies are provided for the paintings by, after, and attributed to Caravaggio. -
Türme Und Territorium: Vincenzo Giustiniani Als Adeliger »Konzeptkünstler«
Originalveröffentlichung in: Cremer, Annette C. u.a. (Hrsgg.): Fürst und Fürstin als Künstler : herrschaftliches Künstlertum zwischen Habitus, Norm und Neigung, Berlin 2018, S. 117-141 Türme und Territorium: Vincenzo Giustiniani als adeliger »Konzeptkünstler« Christina Strunck Das zweibändige Stichwerk Galleria Giustiniana, das die kostbarsten Skulpturen der Sammlung Giustiniani verewigt, zeigt als letzte Abbildung eine Ansicht der Insel Chios aus der Vogelperspektive, eingebettet in eine friedliche Mittelmeerszenerie. Im Himmel prangt zwischen Wolken eine aufwendig gerahmte Kartusche mit dem Text: INSULAE ET URBES SUPRA DUO SECULA / IN ARCHIPELAGO POSSESSAE A PATRITIA / GENUENSI IUSTINIANORUM FAMILIA / ANTEQUAM SOLIMANUS TURCAR. TYRANNUS / EAS ANNO 1566 OCCUPARET.1 Die Graphik, wohl relativ kurz vor dem Tod des Marchese Vincenzo Giustiniani im Dezember 1637 entstanden2, ist vor allem wegen der genannten In schrift interessant. Zum einen verweist sie darauf, dass die über zwei Jahrhunderte lang (genauer: seit 1362) von der Familie Giustiniani kontrollierte Insel Chios 1566 von den Türken erobert wurde; zum anderen sucht sie die problematische soziale Stellung der Familie genauer zu bestimmen. Wie der Text besagt, gehörten die Giustiniani dem Genueser Patriziat an — also einer Schicht, deren Mitglieder die Unterscheidung durch Adelsränge prinzipiell ablehnten und sich einheitlich als cives nobiles bezeichneten.3 Adelstitel,4 die von auswärtigen Machthabern verliehen worden waren, durften innerhalb der Republik Genua nicht verwendet werden.1 Gleichzeitig war es den Giustiniani aber wichtig, nach außen hin ihren quasi »königlichen« Status zu demonstrieren.5 Die Formulierung »INSULAE ET URBES [...] POSSESSAE« impliziert die souveräne Herrschaft über die inzwischen verlorene Insel und somit eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Anerkennung fürstlichen Rangs. In Rom, wo die Familie nach der Flucht vor den Türken ansässig wurde, musste der soziale Status neu ausgehandelt werden. -
Gli Esordi Di Caravaggio a Roma
Römisches Jahrbuch der Bibliotheca Hertziana Band 39 ∙ 2009/2010 LOTHAR SICKEL GLI ESORDI DI CARAVAGGIO A ROMA UNA RICOSTRUZIONE DEL SUO AMBIENTE SOCIALE NEL PRIMO PERIODO ROMANO PREPRINT [26. 11. 2010] URL: http://edoc.biblhertz.it/preprints/RJb/Sickel_Caravaggio Abstract Caravaggio’s beginnings in Rome A reconstruction of the painter’s milieu during his early Roman years There is still no precise answer to the question of when and under what circumstances the young Michelangelo Merisi moved from his Lombard home to Rome, where he is recorded for the first time only in 1597. While it is commonly assumed that he came to Rome in the Fall of 1592, the present article examines the possibility of a first, even earlier arrival in late 1591 or early 1592. The main aim of the study is, however, to outline the social settings that the young painter frequented in striving for artistic success. The reconstruction of this milieu is based on new documentary evidence. The first part regards the Roman journey of Michelangelo’s uncle, Ludovico Merisi, who lived in the Eternal city for about seven months from October 1591 to May 1592. It was very likely due to Ludovico’s connections in Rome that his nephew Michelangelo found his first lodging in the house of Pandolfo Pucci, the famous Monsignor Insalata. Pucci’s rather negative reputation, as rendered by Mancini, can now be rectified; Pucci indeed had specific interests in art. Furthermore it is possible to identify Pucci’s house situated in the Borgo in front of Saint Peter’s. In this house Caravaggio must have stayed during his first Roman journey. -
The Treatise on Painting As a Guide to Nature: Light and Color
_full_alt_author_running_head (neem stramien B2 voor dit chapter en nul 0 in hierna): 0 _full_alt_articletitle_running_head (oude _articletitle_deel, vul hierna in): The Treatise on Painting as a Guide to Nature _full_article_language: en indien anders: engelse articletitle: 0 The Treatise On Painting As A Guide To Nature 9 Chapter 1 The Treatise on Painting as a Guide to Nature: Light and Color Janis Bell In the century leading up to the publication of Leonardo da Vinci’s Treatise on Painting in Paris in 1651, copies circulated in manuscript in the Italian cities of Florence, Bologna, Milan, Mantua, Urbino and Rome. The number of surviving copies is nearly fifty, yet may only represents a fraction of the number of copies created.1 Leonardo’s ideas on painting were valued by artists and litterati in the seven decades between the first documented appearance of these abridged copies in Florence (ca. 1580) and the Parisian publication.2 Even if some nega- tive comments about the utility of his precepts have come down to us, the fact that writers incorporated Leonardo’s ideas into their published and unpub- lished works testifies to their high valuation. Carlo Pedretti was the first to em- phasize these “plagiarisms,” but we now recognize these borrowings as typical of the way practical knowledge was regarded as shared wisdom, thus free from the confines of authorship given to ancient texts and philosophical specula- tions.3 Clearly, Leonardo had much to add to the developing discourse on 1 A. Mark Smith, From Sight to Light: The Passage from Ancient to Modern Optics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016): 17, n.