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Dalit Movement: a Struggle Against Injustice, Untouchability

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Dalit Movement: a Struggle Against Injustice, Untouchability ISSN (Online) 2456 -1304 International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management (IJSEM) Vol 4, Issue 2, February 2019 Dalit Movement: A Struggle Against Injustice, Untouchability [1] Mohd Ayoub Kumar, [2]Mushtaq Ahmad Sheikh, [3] Irshad Ahmad Lone [1][3] School of studies in political science and public administration Jiwaji University Gwalior (M.P) [2] School of Studies in physical education and sports Jiwaji university Gwalior(M.P) Abstract:- The Dalit movement is a social as well as political movement of Dalits in India started by B.R. Ambedkar. This movement rejects Hinduism; it challenged the brutal caste system and promulgated the rights of Dalits. There is Four classes of caste system in Hindus; Brahmins, Kshatruyas, Vaisyas, Sudras. Dalits are mostly exploited class of Hindus. The caste reforms of 19th century were influenced by the work of Christian Missionaries in India. The Brahmo Samaj, the Prarthana Samaj, The Ramakrishna Mission and Arya Samaj are the examples of such institutions founded with a view to fight against Social evils practiced by the Caste Hindus. In this paper I will discuss Dalit movement, different social reforms organization, caste harassment, great social reformer personalities etc. Keywords: Hygiene; Dalit womens, Up-liftment ,exploitation ,procutation, un-touchability, inequality INTRODUCTION Dalit movement. It is against the atrocities of Dalits, long lasting cruelty of Brahmans, humiliation of Dalits, inequality In every society there is presence of class division which is of Dalits, untouchability, etc. This movement is not directly a based on inferior superior status, rich poor, slave master, protest movement in streets, villages, cities, roads, it is a workers capitalists, Brahmans Dalits, etcetera, one dominant movement through speech, writing articles, dramas, songs, class exploits other subordinate class that we have learn from conferences, etc. the central goal of this movement is, Dalits history. In history of India these subordinate classes usually must provide equal status in society, untouchability should be womens, lower casts, Dalits, adivasis, poor people, etc. These prohibited, equality of opportunity should be created. sections are exploited from centuries through politically, morally, economically, socially etcetera. Dalits are the people LITERATURE REVIEW who are socially, economically, politically suppressed by society mainly by Brahman. These people are not considered Sutradar (2014): Dalit Movement , a social revolution as an untouchables, compels to live in outside the villages as aimed for social change, replacing the age old hierarchical well as cities depending on lower wage occupation, sweeping Indian society , based on the democratic ideals of the streets, cleaning the draining, work as labor in cities, they liberty ,equality and social justice , has begun much earlier , have not giving full status of human being. They have been became intense in the 1970s and began to deem at present. exploited from centuries from the traditional Hindu based One reason behind this, as pointed out by Uma Chakraborty, caste system where Brahmans exploit them. Dalits (lowered is that the academicians are not paying much attention. caste) cannot change their caste this is hierarchical in India, Books on Dalit Movement are written but these books do not Brahmans always Brahman and Dalits are always Dalit. reflect the actual things and are written keeping in view the Dalits are oppressed in each and every sphere of life; they Brahmin elites. No one wants to confront with those who have been lived in the state of humiliating and severe poverty have power. Besides this, the minds of the people are conditions, because of this old age custom. After brahmanised through hegemony. Yet another vital issue is independence that we attained in 1947, India adopted that the movement lack people from all the communities of democracy but still Dalits live in a condition of cruelty, they Dalits. For instance, in Maharashtra, the Mahars dominated are not allowed to go in temple where Brahmans go, they are the movement. The other Dalit communities like the Mangs, not allowed to learn in class room where Brahmans also sit. Chamars were not actively involved in the Movement. As With these whole things, that we discuss, a movement is Kamble pointed out that the Mangs and Chamars had their emerged after independence which is popularly known as traditional duties, whereby, they could somehow manage All Rights Reserved © 2019 IJSEM 42 ISSN (Online) 2456 -1304 International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management (IJSEM) Vol 4, Issue 2, February 2019 their food. But the Mahars did not have any traditional duty wander from place to place and they shall not sleep in which made them to protest. At present there came up many villages and towns at nights. It is well known that in villages new issues. The Dalits who got power became the dolls in the the untouchables live in separate localities, while other castes hands of the Brahmins. Many of them tend to imitate the live in the main village. It cannot, thus be denied that Brahmins changing their surnames and thus identity. They untouchables are not part of Hindu society and they must are ashamed of being called Dalits which make them to remain separate and segregated. In this paper author discriminate against their own kith and kins. It should be discusses different provisions of Indian constitution related to noted that Dalit Movement is against Brahmanism and not Dalits, views of different social reformers. Brahmins. The Brahmanism is a mental state which accepts superiority of one man over another man. It gives more Andhari, 2008: Dalits are India‘s ―untouchables‖, so called respect and profit for the caste which is up in the ladder of because their touch was considered polluting due to the work caste system, and as it goes down the ladder, resources and they did handling dead matter (the hides of animals, tanning, respect also decreases. It‗s contribution for the Dalits which and cutting hair) or faces. The fight against untouchability is is lowest of all the castes is nothing but exploitation, jeering of long standing. The efforts of two great modern Indian and slavery. This mental state of Brahmanism not only exists leaders, however, had the greatest impact in bringing public in Brahmins but also in Shudras, who simply shape the ideas awareness of the need for eradicating this acute and particular of Brahmanical practices without testing them with scientific form of oppression: Mahatma Gandhi – who called them temperament and reasoning. India got independence but the ―Harijans‖ or ―children of God‖, and B.R. Ambedkar, a Dalits are humiliated even now. Untouchability is abolished brilliant lawyer, himself from an untouchable caste, who led but injustice practices are not. Today to wear good clothes is the drafting of India‘s constitution. But although the not forbidden, but to get good job is. In the name of reforms Constitution of independent India outlawed untouchability and social uplift, today's political and social systems are and its practice in any form, and directed the government to pitting one group against the other, sowing hatred and take affirmative action to compensate untouchable castes for perpetuating a sense of rejection from the past. Education is these historical wrongs, the stigma against them continues in the only remedy for such discrimination. This paper exhibits both subtle and overt forms to this day. Accordingly, old age traditional caste system in India their cruelty and how struggles by the oppressed castes have also persisted through this cruelty should control. It also shows no one confronts to both militant movements and advocacy. This paper provides Brahmans because they are in power. us ample knowledge of women role in Dalit movement, different organizations of Dalit movement. Nath, 2015: The socio-economic milieu of Indian society is inherently hostile towards protection of human rights of Andharia and Anandi, 2008: Untouchability is one of the Dalits. It is the caste and Varna system of social stratification major problems of our country. It has its roots in the Indian which promotes the societal violation of Dalit human rights. society that is based on the caste system. The castes are The rule laid down by the Hindu law giver, Manu, is that further divided into sub-castes. The people of the lowest there are only four Varna‘s of Hindus and there is not to be caste are treated untouchabilities. They do not belong to the fifth Varna. The four Varna‘s are Brahmins, Kshatriyas, fold of Hinduism. Nobody knows exactly about the origin of Vaishyas and Sudras. Gandhiji and others in their campaign untouchability or the caste system itself. Some historians try against un-touchability contended that untouchables and to trace the origin of the caste system to the Vedas, the scheduled Tribes fall under the fourth Varna namely Sudras ancient religious books of the Hindus. The Purusa Sukta in on the basis of Manu‘s law of stratification. Dr.Ambedkar the Rig Veda describes the creation of four Vernas namely, has pointed out that this theory is not acceptable because the Brahmin, the Kshatriya, the Vaishya and the Shudra. The Manu speakes of untouchables as varn-baya which means indigenous people were outside the Verna system. They those outside the Varna system. The four clsses of Hindus are continued to fight against the invading Aryans. But they were called Savarnas while those outside the four classes like the subjugated in the long run. In order to preserve the purity of untouchables are called Avarnas. Manu has stated in his blood, social interaction was prohibited with the members of smiriti that the dwelling‘s of the Chandals shall be outside the vanquished group. Those who did not follow the rule or the village that they must be made ―apapatras‖ and their violated it were forced to live away from the dominating wealth shall be dogs and donkeys, their dress shall be the group.
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