Assessment of Soil Erosion Status in Pathankot District, Punjab State

Assessment of Soil Erosion Status in Pathankot District, Punjab State PUNJAB नोएडा कᴂ द्र/Noida Centre ाी द ा एव ं - उपोग वक्षे Soil and Land Use Survey of India कषि, कारा एवं ककान क쥍ा षवाग Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare कषि एवं ककान क쥍ा ंत्राल ा का Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Government of India PROJECT PERSONNEL Chief Coordinator :- Dr. V. S. Arya Chief Soil Survey Officer Coordinators :- Sh. R. L. Meena Sr. Soil Survey Officer Sh. N. S. Gahlod Asstt. Soil Survey Officer (HQ.) Co-Coordinators :- Dr. Munish Kumar Soil Survey Officer (HQ.) Sh. S. D. Dhargawe Asstt. Soil Survey Officer Sh. Satyendra Kumar Asstt. Field Officer Sh. C.L. Meena Asstt. Field Officer Sh. Ravi Gautam Asstt. Field Officer Dr. Ravi Ex. Field Officer Team Members :- Dr. Sonam Binjola Chamoli Asstt. Field Officer Sh. Manoj Kumar Singh Asstt. Field Officer Dr. Subodh Panwar Asstt. Field Officer Sh. A. K. Sharma Asstt. Technical officer Sh. Raghvendra Singh Junior Cartographic Asstt. Mrs. Sujata Soren Bhagat Junior Cartographic Asstt. CONTENT S. No. Particulars Page No. ABSTRACT i-iv HOW TO USE SOIL SURVEY REPORT v 1 INTRODUCTION 1-3 1.1 Review of the Survey Area 1 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY AREA 4-7 2.1 Location and Extent 4 2.2 Geology 4 2.3 River and Drainage system 4 2.4 Physiography and Relief 5 2.5 Climate 6 2.6 Flora and Fauna 6 2.7 Land Use and Agriculture 7 3 METHODOLOGY 9-13 3.1 Use of High Resolution Satellite Image 9 3.2 Onscreen Pre-Field Image Interpretation at Cadastral Scale & 10 preparation of Image Analysis Map (IAM) 3.3 Ground Truth Verification and Quality Assessment (QA)/Quality 10 Check (QC) 3.4 Correlation of Image Analysis Map with Integrated Soil Legend, 11 Onscreen Transformation 3.5 Delineation and Codification of Micro watersheds 12 3.6 Lab Data Analysis 12 3.7 Digital Maps Generation and Reports Preparation 13 3.8 Report Submission to User Department 13 4 DEVELOPMENT OF RUNOFF POTENTIAL MAPPING 15 UNIT (RPMU) LEGEND 5 SOILS OF THE AREA 28-30 5.1 Morphology 28 6 ASSESSMENT AND REPORTING OF THE SURVEYED 31-45 AREA 6.1 Physiography Classes 31 6.2 Slope Classes 32 6.3 Surface Texture 34 6.4 Depth Classes 34 6.5 Land Capability Classification 38 6.6 Analysis of Soil Erosion Status 45 7 RISK CHARACTERIZATION AND PRIORITY 47-51 CATEGORIZATION 7.1 Soil Erosion Risk Categories in Pathankot 50 7.2 Priority Categorization of Villages in Pathankot 51 8 SALIENT FEATURES AND RECOMMENDATIONS 57-59 Tables 1 Legend Description Punjab Shivalik Hills, Pathankot District 15 2 Areal Extent of Different Runoff Potential Mapping Units (RPMUs) 26 3 (a) Distribution of the Surveyed Area under different Physiography 31 Class in Pathankot District S. No. Particulars Page No. 3 (b) Distribution of the Surveyed Area under different Slope Class in 32 Pathankot District 3 (c) Distribution of the Surveyed Area under different Surface Textural 34 Class in Pathankot District 3 (d) Distribution of the Surveyed Area under different Depth Class in 35 Pathankot District 3 (e) Distribution of the Surveyed Area under different Erosion Class in 45 Pathankot District 4 (a) Weightage Runoff Potential values for Slope Factor 47 4 (b) Weightage Runoff Potential values for Land Cover Factor 48 4 (c) Weightage Runoff Potential values for Soil Depth Factor 49 4 (d) Weightage Runoff Potential values for Soil Texture Factor 49 4 (e) Weightage Runoff Potential value for Erosion Factor 49 4 (f) Weightage, Delivery Ratio and RP values for Erosion Factor 50 4 (g) Weightage RP values for Management 50 5 Areal extent of area under different Soil Erosion Risk categories 51 6 Village Wise Priority Categorization 51 7 54 Figures 1 Flow Chart of Remote Sensing based Methodology for Erosion 14 Assessment in Shivalik Hills of Punjab State Thematic Maps Location Map of Pathankot, Punjab 8 Spatial Distribution of Area under Slope Classes in Pathankot, Punjab 33 Spatial Distribution of Area under Soil Textural Classes in Pathankot, Punjab 36 Spatial Distribution of Area under Soil Depth Classes in Pathankot, Punjab 37 Spatial Distribution of Area under Land Capability Classes (LCC) in Pathankot, 44 Punjab Spatial Distribution of Area under Soil Erosion Classes in Pathankot, Punjab 46 Spatial Distribution of Area under Soil Erosion-Risk Category in Pathankot, 52 Punjab Priority Categorization of Villages in Pathankot, Punjab 53 Annexure I Village-wise Distribution of Runoff Potential Mapping Units 60-108 (RPMU), Risk Category, Runoff Potential Index (RPI) and Erosion class in Pathankot district VILLAGE WISE MAPS ABSTRACT 1. Surveyed Area : Soil Erosion Mapping in Sub-mountain of Shivalik Hills in Pathankot district of Punjab State for identification and mapping of area under different erosion risk categories and prioritization of villages based on Runoff Potential Index. 2. Location : 32o23'31'' to 32o23'52'' North Latitudes 75o39'55'' to 75o56'12'' East Longitudes 3. Total Area Surveyed : 27,123 ha 4. Kind of Survey : Detailed Survey for Soil Erosion Mapping 5. Period of Survey : April, 2017 to September, 2017 6. Agro climatic zone : 6- Trans Gangetic Plain 7. Base Maps : High Resolution IKONOS Satellite data at 1:5 K scale and Land use /Land Cover data from Forest Dept. Punjab State Cartosat-DEM from BHUVAN portal 8. Soil Erosion Status: S. No. EROSION CLASS / DESCRIPTION Area (ha) Area (%) 1. Slight erosion (e1) 1755 6.47 2. Slight to moderate erosion (e1-e2) 107 0.39 3. Moderate erosion (e2) 15147 55.85 4. Moderate to severe erosion (e2-e3) 630 2.32 5. Severe erosion (e3) 5351 19.73 6. Very severe erosion (e4) 414 1.53 7. Brick Kiln 6 0.02 8. Factory 9 0.03 9. Habitation 739 2.72 10. River 679 2.50 11. Rock Quarry 10 0.04 12. Water bodies 2276 8.39 GRAND TOTAL 27,123 100.00 i 9. Priority Categorization S. No. Priority Category No. of Villages Area (ha) Area (%) 1. Very High (above 70) 28 9479 34.95 2. High (66-70) 50 12538 46.23 3. Medium (61-65) 18 2282 8.41 4. Low (56-60) 9 2629 9.69 5. Very Low (55 & below) 2 195 0.72 GRAND TOTAL 107 27,123 100.00 10. Areal Extent of Different Runoff Potential Mapping Units (RPMUs) Runoff Potential S. RPMU Mapping Unit Risk category Area (ha) Area (%) No. Weightage Alluvio-Colluvium Landscape 1 AC08 67 High 2 0.01 2 AC02 63 Medium 89 0.33 3 AC04 63 Medium 73 0.27 4 AC05 62 Medium 50 0.18 5 AC01 57 Low 1028 3.79 6 AC06 57 Low 97 0.36 7 AC07 57 Low 239 0.88 8 AC03 55 Very Low 623 2.30 Alluvium Landscape 9 AL01 56 Low 70 0.26 10 AL06 56 Low 107 0.39 11 AL08 59 Low 191 0.70 12 AL02 55 Very Low 22 0.08 13 AL04 53 Very Low 42 0.15 Conglomerate Landscape 14 CM12 71 Very High 696 2.57 15 CM13 74 Very High 17 0.06 16 CM15 77 Very High 599 2.21 17 CM17 71 Very High 1224 4.51 18 CM19 78 Very High 521 1.92 19 CM21 83 Very High 2149 7.92 20 CM23 92 Very High 245 0.90 21 CM25 72 Very High 220 0.81 22 CM35 87 Very High 64 0.24 23 CM06 67 High 66 0.24 24 CM18 67 High 1075 3.96 25 CM20 69 High 3044 11.22 26 CM24 68 High 237 0.87 27 CM31 70 High 624 2.30 28 CM32 70 High 90 0.33 29 CM33 66 High 112 0.41 ii 30 CM05 62 Medium 68 0.25 31 CM09 61 Medium 31 0.11 32 CM10 62 Medium 287 1.06 33 CM11 63 Medium 1422 5.24 34 CM14 65 Medium 1217 4.49 35 CM16 65 Medium 907 3.34 36 CM26 62 Medium 128 0.47 37 CM27 61 Medium 83 0.31 38 CM28 61 Medium 38 0.14 39 CM29 61 Medium 20 0.07 40 CM36 62 Medium 4 0.01 41 CM01 58 Low 338 1.25 42 CM02 60 Low 942 3.47 43 CM03 60 Low 22 0.08 44 CM04 57 Low 119 0.44 45 CM07 60 Low 157 0.58 46 CM08 59 Low 301 1.11 47 CM22 58 Low 634 2.34 48 CM34 58 Low 6 0.02 Sandstone Landscape 49 SD03 84 Very High 2 0.01 50 SD14 74 Very High 6 0.02 51 SD15 71 Very High 7 0.03 52 SD20 83 Very High 1 0.00 53 SD21 79 Very High 13 0.05 54 SD24 74 Very High 80 0.29 55 SD25 87 Very High 3 0.01 56 SD26 72 Very High 45 0.17 57 SD27 83 Very High 25 0.09 58 SD28 88 Very High 196 0.72 59 SD29 87 Very High 1125 4.15 60 SD30 72 Very High 872 3.21 61 SD31 92 Very High 101 0.37 62 SD40 75 Very High 21 0.08 63 SD16 66 High 24 0.09 64 SD19 70 High 9 0.03 65 SD22 69 High 10 0.04 66 SD23 70 High 20 0.07 67 SD35 66 High 51 0.19 68 SD38 66 High 17 0.06 69 SD39 70 High 64 0.24 70 SD01 62 Medium 17 0.06 71 SD11 61 Medium 42 0.15 72 SD12 65 Medium 16 0.06 73 SD17 64 Medium 6 0.02 74 SD36 61 Medium 62 0.23 75 SD37 63 Medium 132 0.49 76 SD41 65 Medium 37 0.14 iii 77 SD06 56 Low 4 0.01 78 SD10 58 Low 27 0.10 79 SD33 59 Low 15 0.06 80 SD34 58 Low 2 0.01 81 SD32 55 Very Low 12 0.04 82 Brick Kiln - - 6 0.02 83 Factory - - 9 0.03 84 Habitation - - 739 2.72 85 River - - 679 2.50 86 Rock Quarry - - 10 0.04 87 Water bodies - - 2276 8.39 GRAND TOTAL 27,123 100.00 iv HOW TO USE SOIL SURVEY REPORT This report embodies the findings of Detailed Soil erosion mapping in the area of Pathankot district, Punjab covering an area of 27,123 ha.

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