District Wise Major Crops in Punjab
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DDIISSTTRRIICCTT WWIISSEE MMAAJJOORR CCRROOPPSS IINN PPUUNNJJAABB (June 2010 to May 2011) Publication No. 943 Prepared under 13th FINANCE COMMISSION GRANT COVERD UNDER THE MILESTONE “IMPROVEMENT OF DATA IN RESPECT OF FARM ACTIVITIES” Economic Adviser, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh E-mail:[email protected], Website: www.pbplanning.gov.in Ph.0172-2704540 PREFACE Agriculture plays an important role in the state economy being the predominant occupation and its contribution to GDP. Agricultural alone accounts for 15 percent of the state GDP. Hence identification of major crops and their contribution in GDP is very important for taking suitable policy decisions. State will take up the cost of cultivation studies for identification of inputs and their cost in producing these crops. In this report district wise 10 major crops have been identified. This report covers cultivated area, production and value during 2010-11. This publication will serves as an important tool for planners, economists, statisticians, and research scholars in formulating, assessing, renewing and evaluating the main features of agriculture sector of Punjab economy. I appreciate the efforts of S. Jagdeep Singh Joint Director and Smt. Deepinder Kaur Dyesa in preparing this report. Acknowledgement is also made of the initial work done by S. Harvinder Singh Joint Director and S. Gurmeet Singh Research Officer. Chandigarh: M.L. Sharma Date: Economic Adviser, Govt. of Punjab OFFICERS/OFFICIALS INVOLVED IN PREPARATION OF THIS REPORT Sh. Jagdeep Singh Joint Director Smt. Deepinder Kaur Dy. Economic and Statistical Adviser Smt. Punam Gupta Statistical Assistant Sh. Kuljeet Singh Investigator Smt. Shashi Bala Steno-typist Miss Harpreet Kaur Young Professional Sh. Krishan Singh Young Professional INDEX Part Contents Page No. I A brief about Milestone, Target and Achievement 1-4 An Account of Major Crops, District Wise and the II State as a Whole 5-23 District wise Data on cultivated area , Production and III peak period arrival prices at primary market of Major 24-44 crops District wise Data on Value, cultivated area and IV production of Major crops 45-65 District wise Data on Production, cultivated area and V peak period arrival prices at primary market of Major 66-86 crops Part I A brief about Milestone, Target and Achievement Part-I A brief background about Milestone, Target and Achievement To improve the Statistical System at State and District levels, Thirteenth Finance Commission (13th FC) has recommended a grant of Rs. 616 Crore for all states over its awarded period 2010-15. Under this, 13th FC has recommended Rs. 20.00 crore to the Punjab State @ Rs. 1.00 crore per district, which is meant primarily to improve statistical system in the districts. At least 75% of the grant is to be spent at the district level to strengthen statistical system for the activities not covered under the “India Statistical Strengthening Project (ISSP)” and 1/4th may be used at State Level. Milestones Fixed under 13th Finance Commission Under the 13th FC grant 5 major Milestones are fixed to be achieved during the grant period i.e. 2010-15. These 5 Milestones are as under: (i) Preparation and maintenance of Business Register at District Level. (ii) Preparation of Local Bodies Accounts by collecting data on receipts and payments of these bodies. (iii) Improvement of data in respect of Farm Activities. (iv) Pooling of Central and state sample data for generating district level parameters. (v) Providing network connectivity among districts and with State Headquarters. Improvement of Data in respect of Farm Activities The whole grant is be released by Government of India to the State Government in 5 equal installments during the grant period i.e. during 2010-11 to 1 2014-15. All 5 Milestones are set to be achieved under 5 installments of grant. Various prescribed targets are to be achieved in each Milestone during grant period. Under the Milestone of “Improvement of Data in respect of Farm Activities,” installment wise following targets are fixed to be achieved: 2nd Installment Identification of 10 major crops in the district and collection of estimates of cultivated area, production and peak period arrival prices at primary market for these crops, from either the existing administrative records or through studies to compile the data. 3rd Installment Conducting of cost of cultivation studies for important crops and their dissemination for the use of estimating district level Gross Value Added (GVA). 4th Installment Collection of data on production and prices for Horticulture and other crops, either from the existing administrative records or conduct studies to compile it. The data is to be used in estimation of District income. 5th Installment Consolidation and compilation of industry-wise data for GSDP and Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP). Methodology to Identification of 10 major crops, their production and prices 2 Under the 2nd Installment of grant identification of 10 major crops in each district is to be made and estimates of cultivated area and production are to be collected anongwith collection of peak period arrival prices at primary market for these crops, from either the existing administrative records or through studies to compile these data. For this purpose 10 major crops having maximum area cultivated during the Agriculture Year (AY) 2010-11 are identified in each district. Data on cultivated area and production and the peak period arrival prices at primary market for these crops has been collected and compiled for the AY 2010-11 in this report. Source of Data The data on cultivated area and production under crops is collected by the Agriculture Department, Punjab every year. Thus the data on these two items has been collected from the Agriculture Department, Punjab. As far as the peak period arrival prices at primary market for these crops are concerned, this information has been collected from each District Market Committee. Reference Period The latest data available with the Agriculture Department, Punjab on cultivated area and production under these crops was for the Agriculture Year (AY) 2010-11. Therefore the data compiled for this purpose relates to the A Y 2010-11. Scope At present there are 22 Districts in Punjab, but during the year 2010-11 there were 20 Districts in the State and two new districts namely Pathankot and Fazilka are carved out during the year 2011-12. Hence, in this report the data is compiled for 20 Districts only. 3 Composition of Report In this report a brief about milestone, target and achievement is presented in Part-II. An account of major 10 crops, district wise and the state as whole, has been given in Part-II of it. District wise tables containing data on cultivated area, production and peak period arrival prices at primary market for these crops, are given in Part-III of the report. ***** 4 Part-II An Account of Major 10 Crops, District Wise and the State as a Whole Part-II An Account of Major 10 Crops, District Wise and the State as a Whole Punjab is predominately an agrarian State. It is leading state in Green Revolution and remained the major contributor to the national food grain pool. It contributed 38.60 % wheat and 22.10 % rice to the central pool during 2011-12. The productivity of wheat and rice was 50.97 qtls per hectare and 37.41 qtls per hectare respectively during 2011- 12. The total food grains production in Punjab has increased significantly after Green Revolution. In 1970-71, production of food grains was 73.05 lac metric tonnes, which increased to 290.92 lac metric tonnes in 2011-12 (P) showing an increase of about four times. Wheat and rice played a major role in increasing agricultural production significantly in the State. The production of rice has increased from 6.88 lac metric tonnes in 1970-71 to 105.42 lac metric tonnes in 2011-12(P) showing a very significant hike of over 15 times. Similarly, the production of wheat has increased from 51.45 lac metric tones in 1970-71 to 179.82 lac metric tonnes during 2011-12(P) registering an increase of over 3 times. 1. Area-wise Major 10 Crops During the Agriculture Year (AY) 2010-11, total cropped area of the state was 7882 (P) thousand hectares, out of which 7311.49 (92.76%) thousand hectare area was under 17 major crops in all districts of the state. With coverage of 10 major crops in each of district 17 crops are covered at state level. These 17 crops are as under:- 5 Table 2.1: Crop wise cultivated area and percentage of cultivated area to total cropped are during AY 2010-11. Cultivated area during AY Percentage to total SN Crop 2010-11 (in"000" hectare) cropped area* 1 Wheat 3510 44.53 2 Paddy 2831 35.92 3 Cotton 483 6.13 4 Maize 133 1.69 5 Total Oil Seeds 110.283 1.40 6 Potatoes 83.573 1.06 7 Sugarcane 70 0.89 8 Total Pulses 21.3 0.27 9 Peas 19.664 0.25 10 Barley 12 0.15 11 Cauliflower 8.649 0.11 12 Onion 8.221 0.10 13 Tomatoes 6.264 0.08 14 Cabbage 4.376 0.06 15 Garlic 3.735 0.05 16 Brinjal 3.425 0.04 17 Bajra 3 0.04 Total 7311.49 92.76 * Total cropped area of the State was 7882 thousand hectare during 2010- 11(provisional). Among these 17 crops, wheat and paddy were main crops which occupied 80.45% of the total cropped area of the state. District-wise ranks among 10 major crops of these 17 crops during the AY 2010-11 are given in table 2.4 and district/rank-wise 10 major crops and area covered under these crops during AY 2010-11 is given in table 2.5.