Core Asterids!

Campanulids! Announcements!

MHG Project due today in lab.!

Lecture Review Friday, 2pm, HCK 320.!

Lecture Exam next Monday.!

Family review & keying practice next Monday during lab.!

Final Family ID Exam next Wednesday during lecture time.!

Final Keying Exam next Wednesday during lab time.! Summary of stamen arrangement!

Ben Legler! Monadelphous !! many stamens, filaments fused into a tube ! (Malvaceae)!

Diadelphous !! 10 stamens: 9 fused at the filaments, 1 free ! (Fabaceae)! Don Knoke!

Tetradynamous !! 6 stamens: 4 long, 2 short ! (Brassicaceae)!

Didynamous !! Ben Legler! 4 stamens: 2 long, 2 short ! G. D. Carr! (Lamiaceae & Scrophulariaceae)!

Connivent !! anthers held together but not actually fused, surrounding the gynoecium ! (Violaceae & Solanaceae (Solanum))!

G. D. Carr! Ben Legler! Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates)! Eudicots (or Tricolpates)!

!Basal eudicots"!

(Soltis et al. 2011)! Phylogeny of Asterids!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Families w/ fused petals, actinomorphic fls, 5 epipetalous stamens, " & superior ovaries?!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Families w/ fused petals, actinomorphic fls, 5 epipetalous stamens, " superior ovaries, & UNLOBED OVARIES?!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Phylogeny of Asterids!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Daucus carota! carrot!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Ryan Miller! Textbook DVD KRR! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

http://0.tqn.com/d/greekfood/1/0/5/7/veggies_celery_406.jpg! Apium graveolens! celery! http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Petroselinum_crispum.jpg!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsnip! Petroselinum crispum! Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Pastinaca sativa! parsley! parsnip!

Ryan Miller! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Textbook DVD KRR!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsnip! Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Pastinaca sativa! parsnip!

Ryan Miller! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

434 genera, 3780 species! (Anethum, Apium, Carum, Coriandrum, Cuminum, Daucus, Foeniculum, Pastinaca, Petroselinum, Pimpinella) !

Habit:!

Leaves:! Textbook DVD KRR!

Textbook DVD KRR! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Inflorescence:!

Flowers:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Sex of plant:!

Textbook DVD KRR! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Umbel = many flowers emerging from one point ! (at the tip of peduncle), often subtended by ! involucre of bracts, forming a flat- or round- ! topped platform;! umbels may be simple or compound.!

pseudanthium (“false flower”) = many ! small flowers, together making up a ! structure that functions as one flower to ! attract pollinators.!

In what other families have we !

Textbook DVD KMN! seen pseudanthiums?! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Flower symmetry:!

Perianth parts:!

# of stamens:! Ben Legler 2005! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

# of pistils/flower:! # of carpels/pistil:!

Ovary position:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

stylopodium = enlarged, nectariferous, basal portion of style.! Apiaceae/Umbelliferae (Carrot family)!

Fruit type:!

Textbook DVD WSJ!

Ben Legler 2004! Ben Legler 2004! Phylogeny of Asterids!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Dipsacales!

G. D. Carr!

“Flowers clustered in heads or thick, crowded spikes surrounded by few-many bracts”! (Hitchcock & Cronquist 1973) ! Dipsacus fullonum! Fuller’s teasel! G. D. Carr! N. hemisphere woody plant families with opposite leaves!

Clayton J. Antieau! Ben Legler!

Richard Olmstead! http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2008/04/02/horsechestnut460x276.jpg! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

(Howarth & Donoghue 2009)! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

Ben Legler 2005! Linnaea borealis! twin flower!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Lonicera sempervirens!

Textbook DVD WSJ! honeysuckle! Ryan Miller! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

Dipsacus fullonum! Centranthus ruber! Fuller’s teasel! Jupiter’s-beard!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! http://www.gardenersworld.com/objects/plant-detail-i/PL020000002_Dipsacus_lg1.jpg! http://www.redbuttegarden.org/files/active/0/Centranthus%20ruber.jpg! Former Dipsacaceae! Former Valerianaceae! Ryan Miller! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

36 genera, 810 species! (Dipsacus, Lonicera, Symphoricarpos, Valeriana) !

Habit:!

Textbook DVD DLN! Leaves:! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

Inflorescence:!

Flowers:!

Sex of plant:! G. D. Carr!

Dana Visalli! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

Flower symmetry:!

Perianth parts:! Yaowu Yuan!

Ben Legler! Textbook DVD MJD! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

# of stamens:!

# of pistils/flower:! # of carpels/pistil:!

Ovary position:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Caprifoliaceae s.l. (Honeysuckle family)!

Fruit type:!

http://www.duke.edu/~cwcook/trees/dise6681.jpg! Textbook DVD JRA! Phylogeny of Asterids!

Asterids!

Cornales! ! Cornaceae!

Ericales! ! Ericaceae! ! Polemoniaceae!

Lamiids:! Campanulids:! Gentianales! Apiales! ! Apocynaceae! Apiaceae! ! Rubiaceae! Dipsacales! Lamiales! Caprifoliaceae! ! Lamiaceae! Asterales! Asteraceae! ! Scrophulariaceae! Campanulaceae! Solanales! ! Solanaceae!

Boraginaceae! (APG 2003, Judd & Olmstead 2004, Soltis et al. 2005)! Asterales: pollen pump mechanism!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Ryan Miller! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Helianthus annuus! Cynara cardunculus! sunflower! Ryan Miller! Textbook DVD KRR! artichoke thistle! Textbook DVD KRR! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

1535 genera, 23000 species! (Achillea, Artemisia, Calendula, Cirsium, Cynara, Dahlia, Helianthus, Lactuca, Leucanthemum, Taraxacum) !

Habit:!

http://www.delawarewildflowers.org/lactuca.php! Ben Legler 2004!

Leaves:! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Textbook DVD WSJ! Textbook DVD KRR! Inflorescence:!

Flowers:!

Sex of plant:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Flower symmetry:!

Perianth parts:! Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Textbook DVD WSJ! Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

# of stamens: ! synantherous androecium = ! anthers fused at margins and forming a ! tube around style !

# of pistils/flower:! # of carpels/pistil:!

Ovary position:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Fruit type:!

Textbook DVD KRR! Textbook DVD KRR! Asteraceae/Compositae (Aster family)!

Textbook DVD KRR!

What are you eating when you eat an artichoke?!

Cynara cardunculus! artichoke thistle! Textbook DVD KRR! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)! Campanula lasiocarpa! Campanula parryi! mountain harebell! Parry’s harebell!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN!

Ryan H.Miller Tim! Gladwin! Richard Ramsden! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

G. D. Carr! Rod Gilbert! Downingia yina! Howellia aquatilis! Cascade calicoflower! water Howellwort!

Photo: H. Tim Gladwin! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

65 genera, 2200 species! (Campanula, Codonopsis, Lobelia) !

Habit:!

Textbook DVD JRA!

http://www.mdidea.com/products/new/new00208.html!

Leaves:!

Jim Riley! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

Inflorescence:!

Flowers:!

Sex of plant:!

H. Tim Gladwin! Textbook DVD WSJ! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

Flower symmetry:!

Perianth parts:!

Tim Hagan 2008!

G. D. Carr!

# of stamens:!

G. D. Carr! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

# of pistils/flower:! # of carpels/pistil:!

Textbook DVD KRR & DLN! Ovary position:!

Tim Hagan!

Textbook DVD JRA! Campanulaceae (Bellflower family)!

Fruit type:!

Textbook DVD KMN!