West Russia Tetsuya Uchida Head of EBRD St

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

West Russia Tetsuya Uchida Head of EBRD St EBRD Your Partner in North- West Russia Tetsuya Uchida Head of EBRD St. Petersburg office 10 November, 2005 8989 regionsregions andand 77 FederalFederal DistrictsDistricts Chukota Kaliningrad Murmansk Karelia Koryask Nenets AO Pskov Archangelsk Taimyr Novgorod Komi Tver Vologda Smolensk Yaroslavl Moscow BryanskKaluga Kostroma Salekhard Magadan Ivanovo Oryol Tula Vladimir Kursk Ryazan N.Novgoro Kirov Komi-Permyatski Lipetsk Belgorod d Mariy El Tambov Mordovia Chuvashia Evenkysky Sakha Voronezh Udmurtya Perm Penza Khanty-Manskiysk Kamchatka Tatarstan Ulyanovsk Ekaterinburg Rostov Krasonda -on- Volgogra Saratov Samara Bahkortostan Tyumen r Don d Maikop Elista Orenburg Cherkessk Astrakhan Nal’chik Stavrop Chelyabinsk Vladikavkaol Kurgan Tomsk Omsk Krasnoyarsk z Nazran Groznyi Amur KhabarovskSakhalin Makhachkala Irkutsk Novosibirsk Kemerovo Chita Altai-T Ust-Ordynsky Jewish Khakssia Buryatia Aginsky Primorsk Buryatia Altai-O Tyva Region: NORTH-WEST Area: 1.68 mln km2 NorthNorth--WestWest FederalFederal DistrictDistrict Population: 15 mln Cities: 152 Capital: St. Petersburg 10% of Russian population 28% below poverty line 12% of workforce in SME Murmansk Large projects Growth above 5% 9% of GDP Kaliningrad SME financing Decline above 5% 7% of FDI 80% of shipbuilding Karelia 40% of timber production Apatite Bauxite FDI grows in Leningrad Oblast, St.Petersburg Nenets AO Iron ore St. Petersburg, Novgorod. Pskov Archangelsk Nickel Novgorod Current agenda Komi Oil & Gas o Key transport hub to Europe Vologda Timber o St. Petersburg tourism and property Titanium Potential: Agribusiness, general industry, infrastructure, tourism and property Risk: Average risk area Lower risk in Novgorod and St. Petersburg Higher risk in Komi A network of 32 offices in 27 countries EBRDEBRD RResidentesident OOfficesffices St. Petersburg RO Moscow RO Ekaterinburg RO Vladivostok RO Rostov RO Samara RO (2006) (2005) High Market Potential • EBRD has presence in 47 out of 89 regions. • A “real” presence is maintained in 19 regions in which the Bank has 4 or more big projects. Good Market Potential What is EBRD? z International financial institution 20 est. 1991, owned by 62 national and supranational shareholders z 15 Promotes market-based economies in 27 countries in central & eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union 10 z Committed cumulatively €26.2 billion for 1,167 projects to date 5 z Mobilized additional €55.7 billion of cumulative business z Capital base of 0 €20 billion 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 Audited May 2004 EBRDEBRD offersoffers aa widewide varietyvariety ofof productsproducts GuaranteesGuarantees 14%14% LoansLoans 81%81% EquityEquity 5% 5% z z Specific risk guarantees Corporate or Project z Venture (i.e. political, commercial specific Capital risk participations) z Non or limited recourse to z Privatisations z Commodity-backed sponsors z New Equity instruments (i.e. z Syndicated loans (w. z Quasi-equity warehouse receipts) underwriting) z ‘Portage’ z Trade facilitation z Parallel with ECA’s, program (with other IFI’s or Banks participation of local banks) z Hard / local currency z Floating/fixed rates Business volume, Portfolio and Pipeline in Russia € billion 7 Cumulative z Largest investor in Russia 6 Business Volume z Since 1991 the EBRD’s a 5 Cumulative Business Volume is €5.9 billion (this is 23% of 4 all projects financed by EBRD) 3 st z At the end of 1 quarter 2005 2 the Portfolio Stock was at €3.9 billion and Pipeline projects 1 were at €3.8 billion z 76% of the Bank’s portfolio in 0 Russia was the private sector, 1991-1994 1997 2000 2003 while 81% was debt, 14% Annual Business Volume (cumulative '91-'94) equity and 5% guarantee Net Cumulative Business Volume Russia Becoming the Biggest Focus Net cumulative commitments €26.2 billion of which €5.9 billion in Russia Central Europe 40% SEEC 30% Central Asia 7% Russia 23% Russia Portfolio by Region Others 17% Multi-Regional Kamchatskaya Oblast 21% 2% Volgada Oblast 2% Perm Oblast 2% Russia Nizhny-Novgorod R. Portfolio 3% Stock Yamalo-Nenetsk R. 3% €3.75 billion National Samara Oblast 14% 4% Moscow Oblast 7% St Petersburg City Moscow City 14% 11% Russia Portfolio Stock by Sector Portfolio Volume €3.75 billion Equity Funds Transport Agribusiness 8% 15% 9% Financial Institutions Small 14% Business Property & 3% Shipping 3% Telecoms & Media 3% General Infrastructure Industry Power & Natural 11% 20% Energy Resources 5% 9% EBRDEBRD inin NorthNorth--WestWest RussiaRussia z Priority region for the Bank z Total cumulative portfolio of signed projects – EUR 1.5 billion (2005) z Well diversified portfolio: municipal, food processing, general manufacturing, forestry, telecommunications, property etc z 70% of the portfolio concentrated in St. Petersburg and Leningrad oblast MajorMajor projectsprojects inin NorthNorth--WestWest RussiaRussia 11 z Municipal & Infrastructure – St.Petersburg: z Municipal Support Project; z Toxic Waste Clean-Up Project; z South Waste Water Treatment Plant (22 September 2005- opening ceremony); z Flood protection barrier; z Ring Road – Arkhangelsk Municipal Services Improvement Programme z Food Processing – Dirol Chewing Gum Factory (Novgorod) – Baltika Brewery – Vena Brewery MajorMajor projectsprojects inin NorthNorth--WestWest RussiaRussia 22 z Property & Tourism – Nevsky 25 Business Centre – Radisson SAS Hotel z Other Industries – North-West GSM (telecommunications) – Air Cargo Terminal Pulkovo (transport) – Lenenergo (power & energy) – Severstal-Arselor JV (steel making, Vologda region) – Pestovo Novo Sawmill (UPM Kummene) (forestry, Novgorod region) ProjectsProjects signedsigned inin 20042004 andand pipelinepipeline 20052005 Signed in 2004: z Nokian Tyres (Leningrad oblast; 22 September 2005- opening ceremony) z Uralkali II (Baltic Bulker Terminal, St. Petersburg) z Pokrov Glass Plant (Vologda) z Power Machines (St. Petersburg) z Lenta cash & carry hypermarkets (S. Petersburg) z Komi Municipal Water Services Improvement Programme (Komi) Total signed in 2004 – EUR 160 million Total pipeline 2005 is estimated at EUR 250 million StrengthsStrengths ofof thethe EBRDEBRD z Strong, internationally recognised financial partner with long- term perspective and mission; z Willing to share risks, including political risks (customised to each transaction); z International institution; z Preferred Creditor Status; z Longer term perspective than that of many investors in the CEE & CIS region (i.e. medium- to long-term financing); z One of the few sources of limited recourse finance for projects in Russia and Central Asia; z Excellent working relationships with governments; z Political leverage due to EBRD’s unique mandate and shareholders’ structure PortagePortage EEquityquity FinanceFinance Equity Toyota Toyota EBRD Equity Russia LLC z The EBRD purchased a 20% equity stake in the Russian company established by Toyota in the amount of EUR 15 million z EBRD exits through a put and call arrangement to Toyota z Diversify Russian economy z Maturity 7 years z Pricing equal Toyota’s debt funding costs plus a margin Note: details are simplified for case study How to contact us z Moscow Resident Office Victor Pastor, Director, Russia Team Tel: +7-095-787-1111 / fax: 787-1122 z St. Petersburg Resident Office Tetsuya Uchida, Head of Office Tel: +7-812-703-5525 / fax: 703-5526 z Procurement Opportunities and General Information via web site: www.ebrd.com z Publications Tel: +44-20-7338-7553 / fax: +44-20-7338-6102.
Recommended publications
  • High Commissioner on National Minorities
    Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe High Commissioner on National Minorities The Hague, 12 January 2001 Dear Mr. Minister, In the beginning of last year the government of Ukraine requested me to investigate the situation of Ukrainian language education in your country. When I discussed this with your government, it offered to facilitate such an investigation. Earlier, your government had requested me to investigate the situation of Russian language education in Ukraine. The government of Ukraine also declared itself willing to facilitate such an investigation. In the summer of last year I have studied the situation of Ukrainian language education in your country, assisted by two experts, Prof. Bowring from the United Kingdom and Mr. Zhekov from Bulgaria. My conclusions are based on visits to Moscow, St. Petersburg and Tyumen, where conversations took place with local and regional authorities and with representatives of Ukrainian organisations. In Moscow extensive consultations took place with governmental authorities. While in Moscow, I also received representatives of Ukrainian organisations in Krasnodar, Ekatarinburg and Moscow Oblast. I want to thank your government for its co-operation. H.E. Mr. Igor Ivanov Minister of Foreign Affairs Moscow P.O. Box 20062 Telephone Telefax [email protected] 2500 EB, The Hague (+31-70) 312 55 00 (+31-70)363 59 10 http://www.osce.org Prinsessegracht 22 2514 AP, The Hague The Netherlands Earlier in the summer, I have conducted similar studies in Ukraine, again assisted by Prof. Bowring and Mr. Zhekov. I visited, Kharkiv, Lviv, Odessa and Simferopol, and met there with the local and regional authorities and with representatives of the Russian community.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Land and Real Estate Transactions in the Russian Federation
    36117 V. 1 Public Disclosure Authorized Foreign Investment Advisory Service, Project is co-financed by the a joint service of the European Union International Finance Corporation in the framework of the and the World Bank Policy Advice Programme Public Disclosure Authorized SURVEY OF LAND AND REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CROSS-REGIONAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized March 2006 Public Disclosure Authorized Survey of Land and Real Estate Transactions in the Russian Federation. Cross-Regional Report The project has also received financial support from the Government of Switzerland, the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (seco). Report is prepared by the Media Navigator marketing agency, www.navigator,nnov.ru Disclaimer (EU) This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of its authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Disclaimer (FIAS) The Organizations (i.e. IBRD and IFC), through FIAS, have used their best efforts in the time available to provide high quality services hereunder and have relied on information provided to them by a wide range of other sources. However they do not make any representations or warranties regarding the completeness or accuracy of the information included this report, or the results which would be achieved by following its recommendations. 2 Survey of Land and Real Estate Transactions in the Russian Federation. Cross-Regional Report TABLE OF
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Finno-Ugrian Cooperation and Foreign Relations
    UC Irvine UC Irvine Previously Published Works Title Eastern Finno-Ugrian cooperation and foreign relations Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4gc7x938 Journal Nationalities Papers, 29(1) ISSN 0090-5992 Author Taagepera, R Publication Date 2001-04-24 DOI 10.1080/00905990120036457 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Nationalities Papers, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2001 EASTERN FINNO-UGRIAN COOPERATION AND FOREIGN RELATIONS Rein Taagepera Britons and Iranians do not wax poetic when they discover that “one, two, three” sound vaguely similar in English and Persian. Finns and Hungarians at times do. When I speak of “Finno-Ugrian cooperation,” I am referring to a linguistic label that joins peoples whose languages are so distantly related that in most world contexts it would evoke no feelings of kinship.1 Similarities in folk culture may largely boil down to worldwide commonalities in peasant cultures at comparable technological stages. The racial features of Estonians and Mari may be quite disparate. Limited mutual intelligibility occurs only within the Finnic group in the narrow sense (Finns, Karelians, Vepsians, Estonians), the Permic group (Udmurts and Komi), and the Mordvin group (Moksha and Erzia). Yet, despite this almost abstract foundation, the existence of a feeling of kinship is very real. Myths may have no basis in fact, but belief in myths does occur. Before denigrating the beliefs of indigenous and recently modernized peoples as nineteenth-century relics, the observer might ask whether the maintenance of these beliefs might serve some functional twenty-first-century purpose. The underlying rationale for the Finno-Ugrian kinship beliefs has been a shared feeling of isolation among Indo-European and Turkic populations.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitic Nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax Lessonae) in the Volga Basin
    Journal MVZ Cordoba 2019; 24(3):7314-7321. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1501 Research article Parasitic nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax lessonae) in the Volga Basin Igor V. Chikhlyaev1 ; Alexander B. Ruchin2* ; Alexander I. Fayzulin1 1Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Togliatti, Russia 2Mordovia State Nature Reserve and National Park «Smolny», Saransk, Russia. *Correspondence: [email protected] Received: Febrary 2019; Accepted: July 2019; Published: August 2019. ABSTRACT Objetive. Present a modern review of the nematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from Volga basin populations on the basis of our own research and literature sources analysis. Materials and methods. Present work consolidates data from different helminthological works over the past 80 years, supported by our own research results. During the period from 1936 to 2016 different authors examined 1460 specimens of pool frog, using the method of full helminthological autopsy, from 13 regions of the Volga basin. Results. In total 9 nematodes species were recorded. Nematode Icosiella neglecta found for the first time in the studied host from the territory of Russia and Volga basin. Three species appeared to be more widespread: Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and Icosiella neglecta. For each helminth species the following information included: systematic position, areas of detection, localization, biology, list of definitive hosts, the level of host-specificity. Conclusions. Nematodes of pool frog, excluding I. neglecta, belong to the group of soil-transmitted helminthes (geohelminth) and parasitize in adult stages. Some species (O. filiformis, C. ornata, I. neglecta) are widespread in the host range.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Rodents and Insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia
    ZooKeys 1004: 129–139 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia Alexey V. Andreychev1, Vyacheslav A. Kuznetsov1 1 Department of Zoology, National Research Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaya Street, 68. 430005, Saransk, Russia Corresponding author: Alexey V. Andreychev ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. López-Antoñanzas | Received 7 August 2020 | Accepted 18 November 2020 | Published 16 December 2020 http://zoobank.org/C127F895-B27D-482E-AD2E-D8E4BDB9F332 Citation: Andreychev AV, Kuznetsov VA (2020) Checklist of rodents and insectivores of the Mordovia, Russia. ZooKeys 1004: 129–139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57359 Abstract A list of 40 species is presented of the rodents and insectivores collected during a 15-year period from the Republic of Mordovia. The dataset contains more than 24,000 records of rodent and insectivore species from 23 districts, including Saransk. A major part of the data set was obtained during expedition research and at the biological station. The work is based on the materials of our surveys of rodents and insectivo- rous mammals conducted in Mordovia using both trap lines and pitfall arrays using traditional methods. Keywords Insectivores, Mordovia, rodents, spatial distribution Introduction There is a need to review the species composition of rodents and insectivores in all regions of Russia, and the work by Tovpinets et al. (2020) on the Crimean Peninsula serves as an example of such research. Studies of rodent and insectivore diversity and distribution have a long history, but there are no lists for many regions of Russia of Copyright A.V.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Report Submitted by the Russian Federation Pursuant to The
    ACFC/SR/II(2005)003 SECOND REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 26 April 2005) MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Report of the Russian Federation on the progress of the second cycle of monitoring in accordance with Article 25 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities MOSCOW, 2005 2 Table of contents PREAMBLE ..............................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4 2. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the protection of national minorities rights5 3. Major lines of implementation of the law of the Russian Federation and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities .............................................................15 3.1. National territorial subdivisions...................................................................................15 3.2 Public associations – national cultural autonomies and national public organizations17 3.3 National minorities in the system of federal government............................................18 3.4 Development of Ethnic Communities’ National
    [Show full text]
  • Finno-Ugric Republics and Their State Languages: Balancing Powers in Constitutional Order in the Early 1990S
    SUSA/JSFOu 94, 2013 Konstantin ZAMYATIN (Helsinki) Finno-Ugric Republics and Their State Languages: Balancing Powers in Constitutional Order in the Early 1990s Most of Russia’s national republics established titular and Russian as co-official state languages in their constitutions of the early 1990s. There is no consensus on the reasons and consequences of this act, whether it should be seen as a mere symbolic gesture, a measure to ensure a language revival, an instrument in political debate or an ethnic institution. From an institutional and comparative perspective, this study explores the constitutional systems of the Finno-Ugric republics and demonstrates that across the republics, the official status of the state languages was among the few references to ethnicity built into their constitutions. However, only in the case of language require- ments for the top officials, its inclusion could be interpreted as an attempt at instrumen- tally using ethnicity for political ends. Otherwise, constitutional recognition of the state languages should be rather understood as an element of institutionalized ethnicity that remains a potential resource for political mobilization. This latter circumstance might clarify why federal authorities could see an obstacle for their Russian nation-building agenda in the official status of languages. 1. Introduction The period of social transformations of the late 1980s and early 1990s in Eastern Europe was characterized by countries’ transition from the communist administra- tive−command systems towards the representative democracy and market economy. One important driving force of change in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the rise of popular movements out of national resentment and dissatis- faction with the state-of-the-art in the sphere of inter-ethnic relations.
    [Show full text]
  • “Passport” of the Republic of Mordovia
    “PASSPORT” OF THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA Chuvash Republic Nizhniy Novgorod Region Ulyanovsk Region The Republic of Mordovia Ryazan is located in the European part Region of Russia, in the basin of the river Volga. SARANSK Territory – 26.1 th. km2 Population – 781.9 th. people (01/11/2020). Penza Region Saransk – administrative centre with the population of 347.0 th. people – is located 600 km far from Moscow. The Republic of Mordovia is part of the Volga federal district and borders with 5 regions of the Russian Federation. Administrative subdivision: 22 municipal districts, Saransk city district, 16 urban and 256 rural settlements (01/01/2020) Culture 6 professional theatres, including the State Russian Drama Theatre, the State Mordovia National Drama Theatre, the State Musical Theatre named after I.M.Yaushev, the State Puppet Theatre of the Republic of Mordovia and the Municipal Children’s Theatre, Cinema Centre “Kroshka” and ANO “The Studio Theatre “The Maly Art Alternative Theater”. 5 state concert organizations and independent groups – philharmonic, song- and-dance ensemble “Umarina”, Song Theatre “Rosichi”, jazz-orchestra “Big-band “Saransk”, folklore ensemble “Torama”; 496 public libraries with the book collection of approximately 6161.8 th. it., including 3 republican – the National library named after A.S.Pushkin, children’s library and Special Library for the Blind; 24 museums, including two republican: “The United Museum of Local Lore, History and Economy named after I.D. Voronin” with 9 branches, The Fine Arts Museum named after S.D. Erzya with 2 branches; 2 institutions of secondary vocational education: Saransk musical college named after L.P.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector
    THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Voluntary - Public Date: 6/17/2013 GAIN Report Number: RS1335 Russian Federation Post: Moscow Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector Report Categories: Livestock and Products Policy and Program Announcements Agricultural Situation Approved By: Holly Higgins Prepared By: FAS/Moscow Staff Report Highlights: Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector had been in continual decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches. The Russian Federal and oblast governments offer a series of support programs meant to stimulate livestock development in the Russian Federation over the next seven years which are funded at hundreds of billions of Russian rubles (almost $10 billion). These programs are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry. Monies have been allocated for both new construction and modernization of old livestock farms, purchase of domestic and imported of high quality breeding dairy and beef cattle, semen and embryos; all of which should have a direct and favorable impact on livestock genetic exports to Russia through 2020. General Information: Trade Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector has been in decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches which are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Subject of the Russian Federation)
    How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia's Foreign and Security Policy
    Eidgenössische “Regionalization of Russian Foreign and Security Policy” Technische Hochschule Zürich Project organized by The Russian Study Group at the Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research Andreas Wenger, Jeronim Perovic,´ Andrei Makarychev, Oleg Alexandrov WORKING PAPER NO.5 MARCH 2001 The Role of the Republic of Karelia in Russia’s Foreign and Security Policy DESIGN : SUSANA PERROTTET RIOS This paper gives an overview of Karelia’s international security situation. The study By Oleg B. Alexandrov offers an analysis of the region’s various forms of international interactions and describes the internal situation in the republic, its economic conditions and its potential for integration into the European or the global economy. It also discusses the role of the main political actors and their attitude towards international relations. The author studies the general problem of center-periphery relations and federal issues, and weighs their effects on Karelia’s foreign relations. The paper argues that the international contacts of the regions in Russia’s Northwest, including those of the Republic of Karelia, have opened up opportunities for new forms of cooperation between Russia and the EU. These contacts have en- couraged a climate of trust in the border zone, alleviating the negative effects caused by NATO’s eastward enlargement. Moreover, the region benefits economi- cally from its geographical situation, but is also moving towards European standards through sociopolitical modernization. The public institutions of the Republic
    [Show full text]
  • Communicational Ties Between the Republic of Bashkortostan and Other Russian Regions Based on Voice Cell Phone Data
    RESEARCH PAPER COMMUNICATIONAL TIES BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AND OTHER RUSSIAN REGIONS BASED ON VOICE CELL PHONE DATA Valeriy V. Yumaguzin1, Maria V. Vinnik1 1National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE), Moscow, Russia. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: May 24th, 2020 / Accepted: August 9th, 2020 / Published: October 1st, 2020 https://DOI-10.24057/2071-9388-2020-98 ABSTRACT. The article aims to present social ties of the Republic of Bashkortostan based on voice cell phone data, which covers 12 million calls from and to the region during the first five days of March 2020. About 96% of calls are made within the republic and only 4% of them are interregional. The people of the Republic of Bashkortostan have close connections with those who live in neighboring regions (Orenburg, Sverdlovsk oblast, the Republic of Tatarstan and especially Chelyabinsk oblast). Being a part of the Ural Economic Region, the Volga Federal District and Volga-Ural Macro Region, the republic has turned mostly towards Ural regions. We also found that the republic has close social ties with Moscow and Moscow region, St. Petersburg and Leningrad oblast, as well as Krasnodar kray, Samara oblast and two Autonomous Districts: Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets. We estimated the number of persons who possessed Bashkir SIM-card and were outside the republic during the research period – 183 thousand; the most of them were in the abovementioned regions. While conversation between residents lasts 50 seconds, which is among the smallest values, the calls to and from republics of Altai, Tyva, Khakassia, Sakha and Magadan oblast are 5-8 times longer.
    [Show full text]