The UTG Journal Issue No. 2 about the GST distribution (via Grants Commission) to .2

With the forthcoming state elections another comment that Dick made, which is just as relevant today, Don’t be disturbed by silly arguments that the Editorial: Dick Jones U.T.G. kept so and so out of Parliament and aren’t we ashamed! (tut!) - The same Dr. Richard (Dick) Jones gave some very misleading argument is being used today; thought-provoking election speeches. For in fact, we have been lobbied by example, following his 1975 Senate Tasmanian Green supporters not to Election speech in an Editorial The reform as a political party. Examiner 1 commented that UTG had produced more ideas relevant to UTG has changed since the 1977 UTG Tasmania than have all the other parties State Conference, following 10 election combined. campaigns over 5 years (1972-77), Dick declared at this conference that: Our In this speech Dick pointed out that: business is to fight elections. Tasmania’s own party represents no sectional interests; (and) unlike some The fact that the newly re-formed UTG independents, we wear no disguises. has not formally re-registered as a political party does not mean we are not The United Tasmania Group became a political - we are even more so than political party because the two major before and, depending on the outcome of parties were putting aside democratic the next State election, we may register principles, in Tasmania. again, particularly as we now have The United Tasmania Group works financial backing. and breathes by a New Ethic, which The United Tasmania Group is Tasmania’s binds our members to work together (only) own party. We have produced more without fear or favour for the benefit ideas relevant to Tasmania than have all of all citizens… Our Ethic condemns the other parties combined – and it is the misuse of power. No other toward that end that UTG will continue to political party gives you this maintain the best evidence-based social, guarantee of ethical behaviour from environmental and economic policies for your representatives. (A revised, Tasmania. In this issue of the journal two redesigned A New Ethic will be such policies are presented: Preventing available soon). child abuse and neglect, and Youth Justice Also, there are extensive arguments in Reinvestment. The Editorial Committee this speech that present politicians could for this issue of the journal has been use to defend Tasmania in the debate expanded to accommodate these policies.

1 The Examiner, Launceston, Editorial, 26 August 2 Full transcript of this 14-page speech will be 1976 published as an article on our main facebook site.

1 Also, as should be clear from the content The environment affects us all, and the of The UTG Journal, we will continue to responsibility to protect it rests with all, present historical accounts of the original not just with those politicians who might development of and the wear it on their sleeve. It is past time that in Tasmania – the major parties acknowledged this something that has been sadly lacking to reality, ceased using it as a weapon date. against political opponents, and started honouring all those among their own Correction to photo caption on page 8 of The UTG supporters who consider conservation to Journal #1: Caption should read: 'Early photo of some UTG be just as important as do members of the activists taking a campaign break (there were 10 Greens. election campaigns over a period of 5 years)' - NOT 6 years, in fact it was almost exactly 5 years, March To occasionally mouth platitudes about 1972 – April 1977. climate change is not enough. Climate change is obviously a big and over-arching concern that demands urgent attention, All parties are responsible for our but it does not negate all the other protected areas environmental issues that confront us. Increasingly, the burden of that global Kevin Kiernan task is casting a shadow that is obscuring all the other challenges right here on our To those generations who have not had to doorstep, and blinding us to the old adage fight to create our national parks and about the need to think globally but to act reserves they perhaps seem as if locally, the only place where we really can. something that has always been there, much like a mountain or a river. But these How long will it be before vested interests places were hard won, and at great start trying to bluff us that we have a personal cost to many people. global responsibility to flood the after all, arguing that it is preferable Increasingly we see the consequences of to burning coal for power, as if coal was successive generations having assumed the only alternative energy source, and that the degraded environmental drowning yet more of the Earth’s green inheritance left to them is the norm, and, lungs as if they need not be factored into having been successfully convinced that it the equation? I bet that will happen far would be unreasonable not to let just a sooner than our political leaders will little more of all they have ever known slip acknowledge, the impact upon the global away, hand on that inheritance just a little environment of the billions of tonnes of further depleted. Only one outcome is carbon released into the atmosphere in possible when successive generations order to transport to this island ever- behave in this way. No candidate or party increasing multitudes of tourists with that aspires to political leadership should money in their pockets. want to be part of this insidious process, and nor should they be permitted to be As prices rise to match what tourists will part of it. pay rather than what the goods are really worth, our kids’ hopes that they might ever afford a house of their own grow

2 dimmer. Meanwhile a relative few taken for granted, just because it is in our benefit financially from the consumption own backyard rather than in some of our communal natural inheritance and seemingly exotic and romanticised place effective free use of the infrastructure for beyond the horizon. which we fool taxpayers must alone foot the bill. Those who prosper dangle the Moreover, we live on an island, and in a carrot of public support and campaign country, that is by no means so funds for aspirants to new or continuing impoverished as to be unable to properly political office, provided only that they tend this Eden with which we have been allow the doors of our national parks and gifted. Look beyond if you think other protected areas to be battered otherwise. Much of what you will see will down in order to permit their ransacking be a wounded, beleaguered and shell- through conversion into industrial scenery shocked world where poverty and real mines. human needs make all but impossible protection of such green lungs as cloak Of the more than 1,000 areas around the our hillsides. Yet we lay waste to those globe that have now been formally lungs to manufacture paper litter then pay recognised as World Heritage Areas, most rates and taxes to have it picked up, and have achieved that designation on the convert our national parks into scenery basis of meeting just one of the ten mines for the benefit of tourism possible criteria under which designation entrepreneurs, more out of sectional as a World Heritage Area can be assigned. avarice amid generalised disinterest than The Tasmanian Wilderness World for any real need. Heritage area (TWWHA) is one of only 29 sites worldwide that have qualified under Some seek to excuse our profligacy by both natural heritage and cultural arguing that we are already leaders in heritage criteria. It qualifies under an conservation, because we have a larger incredible seven of the ten possible area of intact Nature in protected areas formal criteria. Only one other site on than do those places where any hope of Earth meets this many criteria, and none doing likewise has long ago already been exceeds this number. eaten, over-populated, bombed or napalmed out of existence. But we have a This status is the considered opinion of a responsibly to safeguard our protected representative body of assessors who are areas, and we can afford to live up to that able to draw upon a worldwide network responsibility. of specialist advisors, and who do so as a matter of course before arriving at any Those who aspire to political office share decision. that responsibility. And as the forthcoming state election approaches, Hence, the TWWHA is not some trivial the electorate has a responsibility to hold confection by conservationists dreamed them to it. up in a bid to frustrate developers, or some plaything conjured up by one side or other of politics in order to chase votes. In living in Tasmania, we enjoy an ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ extraordinary privilege that ought not be

3 Preventing child abuse and neglect Jump forward eight years, working in child protection in the Tasmanian bureaucracy Geoff Holloway compiling figures on child abuse. My manager refused to accept that the Twenty-three years ago I had a stand-up number of unallocated cases i of child verbal fight with the Minister for the abuse had reached 800. I was told to Family and Children’s Services in Western change the figures. I was bullied, and Australia, Mr Roger Nicholls, 1995. What eventually had no choice but to resign. the fight was about was his refusal to After my resignation the number of accept the figures I had collated on the unallocated cases continued to rise and incidence of child abuse in Western reached about 1,600. Australia. He stormed out of the parliamentary office; I was determined to The message is clear – no one really show that the data was correct and wants to know the incidence and proceeded to augment the data with prevalence of child maltreatment. In fact, reports from domestic violence refuges. there has never been a prevalence study At that time I was part of a multi- conducted across Australia. Prevalence university Western Australian Consortium means how widespread it is – there is a for Social Policy Research. We had been myth that child abuse only occurs in commissioned by the Minister to write a working class or single parent families, report on ‘the state of the family in which is far from the truth – I won’t go Western Australia’. We almost did not get into the reasons for this misconception paid. The full report was never published. here (that would take another article). According to the Australian Institute of Since the time of that anecdote little has Health and Welfare, a family member or changed anywhere in Australia – in fact, close family friend perpetrates 90% of the incidence of child abuse and neglect child abuse. has continued to rise. And governments have continued to try to address the From the accumulated experience and problem by pouring increasing amounts of research over ten years or so, and many money into the wrong end of the violence conversations with frontline child cycle – the incidence (the number of new protection staff, I began to formulate a cases over a given time period) end, like different strategy for addressing child having ambulances at the bottom of the maltreatment. I moved to Canberra, was cliff to collect people falling off, rather working with the Australian Research than doing something to stop people from Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY) falling off the cliff in the first place – the and presented a one-page proposal to the prevention strategy. instigator and Chair of ARACY – Professor Fiona Stanley AC, FAA. She responded I was teaching a university course on the enthusiastically which set in motion a long sociology of the family at that time, and series of investigations and reports, which for every lecture on child abuse I would I won’t go into detail here. Sufficient to have counsellors ready to address the line say, at last a prevention strategy was of students coming to me confounded by being developed, and some $2 million has their own experiences. been spent evaluating (formative and

4 summative) and testing this strategy by for support and other specialised services my rough calculation, including seminal according to need. It is designed to workii by the Allen Consulting Group and prevent the occurrence of child abuse or evaluations by the University of NSW. I neglect. was Research Manager for ARACY overseeing all this work. Two of the key In answer to a parliamentary question people involved in this research are now asking, “…how the Child Protection living in Tasmania, Pam Muth and Michael redesign statement has been received in White. the community?” the Minister for Human Services, the Hon. Jacquie Petrusma MP That all began 12 years ago (2006) and responded, “…the redesign of Tasmania’s then recently, in March 2016, the State child protection system, led by Professor Liberal Government announced the Maria Harries, finally provides Tasmania implementation strategy for the redesign with a framework to fundamentally of the child protection system across improve the lives of vulnerable children, Tasmaniaiii - that was two years ago (but young people and their families. This the actual redesign was announced in report and the Government’s response August 2015, eight months earlier). addresses the issues that have plagued the child protection services in this state Since then there have been no reports for far too long – decades. We are forthcoming as to how this transformation determined to rebuild this system and has been progressing. Neither the Labor support and protect Tasmania’s Party nor the have vulnerable children and young people.” been asking any questions – largely (16 March 2016)v because their policies are still focused on ‘ambulances at the bottom of cliffs’. There is a common misconception - that This prevention strategy is called the implementing a prevention strategy will take much-needed money away from investigation Common Assessment, Referral and and support services. As some highly regarded Support (CAARS), now simply referred to experts have acknowledged, implementing as the Common Approach. The Common the Common Approach may involve, in effect, Approach is a prevention-focused and ‘double budgeting’ for an initial period.vi Once flexible way of working to help everyone the prevention strategies take effect it will no have quality conversations with young longer be necessary to keep increasing the people and their families about all aspects amounts going into the ‘pointy end of the of their wellbeing. These aspects fall into system’ (tertiary services). This strategy is six wellbeing areas that align with: Loved what is known as the public health model, a and Safe, Healthy, Participating, Positive concept originally developed by Prof. Dorothy Scott.vii Sense of Culture and Identity, Material iv Basics, and Learning. The Common It is difficult to assess how the redesign Approach is a practical tool that can be process and the uptake of the Common used across a variety of professions (e.g, Approach are progressing, as there have teachers, social workers, medical staff, been no public reports. However, in the police, bureaucrats, etc.) using a common Implementation Plan it is stated that, "The language for initial assessments of Common Approach is currently being children at risk, who are then referred on

5 implemented across education, health, 3. Resistance (‘organisational inertia’) allied health and social service within child protection organisations throughout Australia. Take- bureaucracies, especially by upper up in Tasmania has, however, been management (‘I am about to retire, limited." viii Meanwhile, the redesign don't rock the boat…’). Included in process aside, caseloads remain very high this is the difficulty of changing and ´staff morale has never been lower ´. organisational/professional cultures As for the Common Approach, it is clear – as pointed out in the 2009 ARACY that there is much confusion and report, Inverting the Pyramid. frustration about what it actually entails. 4. Wrong focus – the focus rarely, if How do governments get away with not ever, shifts from reactive to addressing child abuse (child protection prevention strategies. services alone cost Australia $1 billion 5. Some reports are badly written (but every year3 according to the Productivity possibly the most comprehensive Commission, 2017)? – easy, just hold report I have read is that of Robyn Layton QC in 2003 in South another inquiry. Over the past twenty Australia).ix years there have been two inquiries on average every year into child protection There are other important tools that go somewhere in Australia. In Australia with child abuse prevention strategies and there have been more than 42 state and one of them is construction of integrated territory inquiries into child protection databases for identifying where services services since 1997 and each have are most needed and to track patterns in identified ongoing and chronic systemic child abuse and related factors. Tasmania problems (see report referenced above, used to have one of the most important page 13). such databases in Australia – it was Why are the hundreds of abolished under the State Liberal recommendations from these enquiries Government in 2015 (but I think that was never implemented? Complex (‘wicked’) a decision made by senior management in problems involve complex solutions, but the bureaucracy; it was not a political there five main reasons for the lack of decision). It was called the Data implementation of recommendations: Warehouse, had been initiated under the previous government in May 2012. It was 1. Lack of political will, besides the possibly the most sophisticated voting public is not very interested - longitudinal, multi-services database of its ‘it happens in other people’s type in Australia. Such a database would families, not mine’ (by far the have been very useful for monitoring the majority of abuse is emotional effectiveness of the prevention strategy. abuse). 2. Short-term focus by political parties There are also warning signs (red lights) (a common problem). that can be used to identify children at risk – school suspensions (see school suspensions reportx). In fact, in the USA 3 This is does not include other costs, which school suspensions are referred to as ´the have been estimated to be an additional $3.3 school-to-prison pipeline´. However, in billion a year (Productivity Commission, 2016).

6 Tasmania the Education Department has The Labor Party returned to power in refused to publish such data since a very 1972. Meanwhile, Hugh’s political vision revealing report in 2003. Once again, was beginning to develop, one based on people really do not want to know. . . ‘participatory democracy’ and with the objective of stopping the ‘secret favouring Postscript: of small groups, business men to give Productivity Commission report just them access to state resources (free)’. But released: Australia spends $1 billion every it was the proposal to mine Precipitous year on child protection services. Bluff that really made Hugh’s blood boil, Tasmania spends by far the least amount as he says, ‘tipped him over the edge’. on family support services: Cost per child receiving intensive family support ‘These swine in the Labor Party were services (2016-17). actually planning to mine it!’ – so Hugh turned his attention to the conservation 40 000 movement, which was in its infancy at 30 000 that stage. He tried to get the Tasmanian 20 000 Conservation Trust involved in the issue, $/child 10 000 ‘but no way would they get involved, they 0 wanted to use the old-boy network as they always had done.’

2012-13 to 2015-16 2016-17 Then, just before UTG was formed Hugh went and saw Dick Jones. Hugh said to Source: Report on Government Services, 2017, Chapter Dick, ‘You are the answer to my dreams … 16, page 26, Fig. 16.12. ‘They (the Labor Party) would do any dirty deal to stay in power, and that has been the (main) characteristic of Tasmanian Hugh Dell: author of A New Ethic politics right from the beginning,’ - and added that Tasmanian politics has not Hugh Dell was born in Launceston in 1936, changed. where he became ‘very class conscious’ from an early age. But it was not until Hugh went home one afternoon and 1961, when he moved to Hobart to work wrote A New Ethic in just one session on for The Mercury newspaper as their various pieces of coloured paper – ‘It was political commentator that this the culmination of what I had been consciousness really developed, especially thinking about for years’. as he became involved with the Labor Hugh gave Dick a copy of A New Ethic, and Party at that time. When the ALP was Dick got back to him some time later. Dick defeated in 1969 he became Secretary to said, ‘We’re going to publish this for the the Leader of the Opposition, . State election’. ‘I was amazed!’ was Soon after that he decided to go to Hugh’s response! university and study political science and administration, in both of which he Hugh explained a couple of aspects of A excelled. New Ethic. First, ‘A tyranny of rationality was put in deliberately … you mustn’t let

7 clever (and corrupt) people take over it is not. We are spending ever society at the expense of everybody else’. increasing amounts on imprisonment Secondly, ‘The only way to get people to while at the same time, prisoners are change is through educating them’ – not being rehabilitated, recidivism which is UTG’s main purpose, as declared rates are high and return to prison in the last general meeting in September rates are creating overcrowded 2017. prisons.

‘But only some people are ready for It has been advocated in terms of the enlightenment … (with) the capacity to youth detention system in Tasmania think in abstract terms (and) not to see before, in the Children’s Commissioner’s themselves as the centre of the universe’. report on the Ashley Youth Detention system 2013 (the ‘Ashley Report’), Finally, ‘The most important problem for following very contentious discussions the world is over population – stripping about the terms of reference and access the world of its assets and all the areas for to relevant data that eventually lead to wildlife and for nature (which) is being the resignation of the Commissioner, constantly restricted’. ‘We have to Aileen Ashford. It took four months alone develop human consciousness … and just to sort out the terms of reference. develop the super ego’. The final report was released mid 2013 under the Acting Children´s Commissioner, A New Ethic has been updated and will Elizabeth Daly. be available soon with a new design. The Ashley report concluded: [Above material based on multiple interviews plus that A major Recommendation arising out recorded January 2017 by Karen Dedenczuk]. of this Inquiry is that government considers the adoption of a Justice Reinvestment Framework for the youth ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ justice system in Tasmania. Although Youth Justice: a Justice definitions of ‘justice reinvestment’ differ in their complexity, a useful one is Reinvestment approach the following: Justice Reinvestment is Geoff Holloway now at the heart of debates about criminal justice policy. It describes the What is Justice Reinvestment? –The origin process through which resources of the term has been attributed George currently spent on incarcerating Soros (2003). Justice reinvestment is offenders in prison can be redirected basically a public health model being into community-based alternatives that applied to, in this case, youth justice tackle the causes of crime at source. It systems. It is about trying to prevent is a form of preventative financing, young people from getting into the justice through which policy makers shift funds system, not simply reforming the system away from dealing with problems once they are in there. downstream (policing, prisons) and Justice reinvestment asks the towards tackling them upstream question: is imprisonment good value (family breakdown, poverty, mental for money? The simple answer is that illness, drug and alcohol dependence).

8 A justice reinvestment framework is positive effects. For example, all police consistent with a public health model (now) know that the vast majority of or approach and with the rights-based youth offenders will only ever commit one approach espoused in the United crime and that, provided that it is not too Nations Convention on the Rights of the serious, an informal or formal caution is Child and other relevant international much more effective in the long term than instruments.xi opening the door to the criminal justice While the Ashley report was restricted to system with its inevitable consequences. the youth detention system, the intention Police are also much more cognizant of was to apply the principles to an cultural and mental health issues today. integrated youth justice system. I have Youth Justice courts reason to believe that the State The first youth court (pilot) was Government Department responsible for established in Tasmania in January 2011 youth justice (D.H.H.S.) completed a under Chief Magistrate Michael Hill report on the whole youth justice system (retired in 2015) who pioneered what is in 2015 that incorporated a justice called ‘therapeutic jurisprudence’ with reinvestment approach, but the report Deputy Magistrate Michael Daly. Victor was never published and Right to Stojcevski evaluated the ‘pilot’ in 2013xiv. Information requests through the He concluded that it had been very Tasmanian Greens’ office have turned up effective, but closer alignment of child nothing. This report was part of the Youth protection and youth justice data would Justice Continuum of Care Project, which be very beneficial (there have been major was to include mapping of the service issues here for some time, not to mention system – in other words, addressing the Education Department information continuum of youth justice offending and sharing). re-offending. Support services None of the political parties in Tasmania This is a ´mixed bag´, but particular understand justice reinvestment, even services stand out as making major though justice reinvestment has been the contributions in supporting convicted National Greens policy since 2010xii. youth offenders in Tasmania. These However, not all is dependent on a justice services include Save the Children (State reinvestment approach. Tasmania has Manager, Lisa Cuatt) and Whitelion (State some excellent systems already in place; I Manager, Barbara Walters). Save the will briefly comment on just a few here. Children received a national Australian Institute of Criminology award in 2015 for Police its success in helping young people as There have been big changes in policing they transition from detention and over recent years, perhaps typified by breaking the cycle of offending in what Dr. Isabelle Bartkowiak-Théron Tasmania. One of the lessons from Save (University of Tasmania) calls ´policing the Children is the importance of xiii vulnerability´ or shifting from simply beginning the process of evaluation of any social control agents to social welfare program from the beginning of the agents as well. It provides police with a program, not afterwards (which is what dual responsibility or awareness and has typically happens in the bureaucracy).

9 Whitelion has also been a great success means looking at the measures and across Australia. strategies that will prevent offending Justice Reinvestment behaviour in the first place. The There are certain principles that underlie community has to be involved and justice reinvestment. Unfortunately, none committed to not only taking some of these principles are being applied in ownership of the problem but also decision-making concerning the some ownership of the solutions... I continuing maintenance of Ashley Youth think we need to change the narrative Detention Centre. As one very highly from one of punishment to one of regarded University of Tasmania community safety. Funding people to criminologist told me, ‘The only way to fix go to prison might make people feel Ashley is to burn it to the ground!’ safer, but a far better way would be to stop the offending in the first place, The key justice reinvestment principles and Justice Reinvestment provides are as follows: that opportunity.xv 1. Early identification, intervention and prevention are the most effective way of reducing youth As pointed out his Social Justice Report offending. 2009, Justice Reinvestment involves [a] 2. Children and young people will be diverted holistic analysis of the criminal justice away from the youth justice system wherever possible with custody being used only as a last system is a key feature of the justice resort and for the shortest possible time. reinvestment methodology. Consideration 3. The developmental needs and risk factors is given to policing, judicial systems, associated with youth offending will be identified probation and parole, prevention and matched with appropriate programs and programs, community supervision and services. 4. Children and young people will be heard and diversion options as well as the their views taken into account in all matters that geographic mapping. affect them. 5. Families will be supported and engaged to help Justice mapping provides the means to them meet the developmental needs of children identify where offenders are coming from and young people. 6. Community safety will be enhanced by an (and returning to) by the collection, effective youth justice system that results in better analysis and mapping of data about outcomes for vulnerable or at-risk children and crimes, convictions and imprisonment, young people. and identifies locations of high incidence, 7. Programs and services will be evidence-based which may become the focus of increased and regularly evaluated to ensure effectiveness and efficacy. policing. Justice mapping allows policy makers to design and implement Mr Mick Gooda, Aboriginal and Torres programs to reduce crime, having Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, identified those areas of greatest summarises: disadvantage and gaps in available I believe that Justice Reinvestment services – factors underlying the causes of also provides opportunities for crime in these communities.xvi communities to take back some control. If it is to work properly it As can be seen from the following means looking at options for diversion diagram, the number of youth offenders is from prison but more importantly, it actually quite small relative to the total

10 population of young people aged 10-17 Issue #2, February 2018, ISSN 2208-9500 (online) years – and this number and proportion UTG fully supports the United Nations Convention has been declining over the past decade. on the Rights of the Child (UNCROC) and its associated Protocols. Diagram 1: The ´funnel´ of youth offenders UTG is a signatory/member of The Rights of Nature in Tasmania aged 10 to 17 years, 2015-16xvii https://www.facebook.com/groups/therightsofnatu re/about/ and supports the concept of the Circular Economy https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation. All children and young people aged 10-17 in Tasmania = 50,181 org/circular-economy.

i Unallocated cases are those notifications of child abuse or neglect that have been assessed as requiring investigation 1,226 unique offenders were and but have not in fact been investigated. proceeded against by police ii Inverting the pyramid. Enhancing systems for protecting children, ARACY/Allen Consulting Group. 2009 iiihttp://www.dhhs.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/ 232 were placed 214356/Redesign _of_Child_Protection_Services.pdf under community iv https://www.aracy.org.au/the-nest-in-action/the- based supervision common-approach vhttp://www.jacquiepetrusma.com.au/?m=20160318 33 were vi private discussions with authors of relevant reports sentenced to viihttps://aifs.gov.au/cfca/publications/defining-public- detenon health-model-child-welfare-services-context viiihttp://www.dhhs.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0 007/220696/0032_Strong_Families_Safe_Kids_- The good news is that youth offending _Implementation_v9_final.pdf page 12 has dropped by 55% in Tasmania over ixhttps://www.childprotection.sa.gov.au/sites/g/files/net69 the past ten years!xviii 1/f/layton_child_protection_ review.pdf xhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/270453157_St ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ udent_Suspensions_A_Research_Review?_iepl%5BviewId% Contact information: 5D=BsK7Mt7WH3npKMSVhTKdz7nL&_iepl%5BprofilePublic For further information please contact: ationItemVariant%5D=default&_iepl%5Bcontexts%5D%5B0 Geoff Holloway (Co-convenor UTG) %5D=prfpi&_iepl%5BtargetEntityId%5D=PB%3A270453157 [email protected] &_iepl%5BinteractionType%5D=publicationTitle xihttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/270453159_AL Facebook sites: TERNATIVES_TO_SECURE_YOUTH_DETENTION_IN_TASMA https://www.facebook.com/groups/11292608538 NIA_ALTERNATIVES_TO_SECURE_YOUTH_DETENTION_IN_T 6109/ (general site) ASMANIA https://www.facebook.com/groups/11546097879 xii - Greens Senator Penny Wright chaired the Senate Inquiry 56205/ (UTG Wilderness Integrity, Tourism & into Justice Reinvestment, which reported in 2013 – an Sustainability) unenviable task given the Liberal nasties on that Committee. https://www.facebook.com/groups/74027382278 https://greensmps.org.au/articles/greens-launch-justice- 2089/ (UTG Energy & Climate Change) reinvestment-initiative UTG also has two email-based systems for non- xiii Policing vulnerability, I. Bartkowiak-Théron & N. L. Facebook users. Asquith (Eds.), The Federation Press, 2012 Editorial Committee xivhttp://www.magistratescourt.tas.gov.au/__data/asset Geoff Hollloway s/pdf_file/0010/388585/Youth_Justice_Pilot_- _Evaluation_Report.pdf Kevin Kiernan xv Cited in Uniting Church in Western Australia, Submission Anne McConnell 65, p. 8, Value of a justice reinvestment approach to Rolf Shankley criminal justice in Australia, 20 June 2013 Senate Legal and Keith Antonysen Constitutional Affairs Committee Debbie Quarmby xvi Senate Inquiry into Justice Reinvestment, 2013 Lyn Barclay xvii ABS, Recorded Crime, Offenders 2015-16; AIHW Cover photo: Dick Jones, provided by Patsy Jones Youth Justice in Australia 2015-16 xviii Contributor: Narelle Watson http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-10/ tasmanian-youth-crime-rate-down-abs/8258582

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