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Appendix 1 STATEHOOD FACTS Updated 9/1/09

STATE NICKNAME ABBREVIATION DATE OF STATEHOOD ORDER CAPITAL CITY Alabama Heart of Dixie (unofficial) AL December 14, 1819 22nd Montgomery Alaska The Last Frontier AK January 3, 1959 49th Juneau Arizona Grand Canyon State AZ February 14, 1912 48th Phoenix Arkansas The Natural State AR June 15, 1836 25th Little Rock California Golden State CA September 9, 1850 31st Sacramento Colorado Centennial State CO August 1, 1876 38th Denver Connecticut Constitution State CT January 9, 1788 5th Hartford Delaware First State DE December 7, 1787 1st Dover Florida Sunshine State FL March 3, 1845 27th Tallahassee Georgia Empire State of the South GA January 2, 1788 4th Atlanta Hawaii Aloha State HI August 21, 1959 50th Honolulu Gem State ID July 3, 1890 43rd Boise Illinois The Prairie State IL December 3, 1818 21st Springfield Indiana Hoosier State IN December 11, 1816 19th Indianapolis Iowa Hawkeye State IA December 28, 1846 29th Des Moines Kansas Sunflower State KS January 29, 1861 34th Topeka Kentucky Bluegrass State KY June 1, 1792 15th Frankfort Pelican State LA April 30, 1812 18th Baton Rouge Maine Pine Tree State ME March 15, 1820 23rd Augusta Old Line State MD April 28, 1788 7th Annapolis Massachusetts Bay State MA February 6, 1788 6th Boston Wolverine State MI January 26, 1837 26th Lansing Minnesota The North Star State MN May 11, 1858 32nd St. Paul Mississippi Magnolia State MS December 10, 1817 20th Jackson Missouri Show Me State MO August 10, 1821 24th Jefferson City Montana Treasure State MT November 8, 1889 41st Helena Nebraska Cornhusker State NE March 1, 1867 37th The Silver State NV October 31, 1864 36th Carson City Granite State NH June 21, 1788 9th Concord New Jersey Garden State NJ December 18, 1787 3rd Trenton Land of Enchantment NM January 6, 1912 47th Santa Fe Empire State NY July 26, 1788 11th Albany North Carolina Tar Heel State NC November 21, 1789 12th Raleigh North Dakota Peace Garden State ND November 2, 1889 39th Bismarck Buckeye State OH March 1, 1803 17th Columbus Oklahoma Sooner State OK November 16, 1907 46th Oklahoma City Oregon Beaver State OR February 14, 1859 33rd Salem Keystone State PA December 12, 1787 2nd Harrisburg Rhode Island Ocean State RI May 29, 1790 13th Providence South Carolina Palmetto State SC May 23, 1788 8th Columbia South Dakota State SD November 2, 1889 40th Pierre Tennessee Volunteer State TN June 1, 1796 16th Nashville Texas Lone Star State TX December 29, 1845 28th Austin Utah Beehive State UT January 4, 1896 45th Salt Lake City Vermont Green Mountain State VT March 4, 1791 14th Montpelier Old Dominion State VA June 25, 1788 10th Richmond Washington Evergreen State WA November 11, 1889 42nd Olympia Mountain State WV June 20, 1863 35th Charleston Wisconsin Badger State WI May 29, 1848 30th Madison Wyoming Equality State WY July 10, 1890 44th Cheyenne Appendix 2 Capitals, Counties, and Government Updated 2021

CAPITAL NO. OF COUNTIES ELECTORAL STATE CAPITAL CITY NO. US REP'S COUNTY OF CAPITAL SINCE (or equivalent) VOTES Alabama Montgomery 1846 67 7 9 Montgomery Alaska Juneau 1900 19 (+1) burroughs 1 3 Burrough of Juneau Arizona Phoenix 1889 15 9 11 Maricopa Arkansas Little Rock 1821 75 4 6 Pulaski California Sacramento 1854 58 52 54 Sacramento Colorado Denver 1876 64 8 10 Denver Connecticut Hartford 1701/1875* 8 (no county gov't) 5 7 Hartford Delaware Dover 1777 3 1 3 Kent Florida Tallahassee 1824 67 28 30 Leon Georgia Atlanta 1868 159 14 16 Fulton Hawaii Honolulu 1959 5 2 4 Honolulu Idaho Boise 1865 44 2 4 Ada Illinois Springfield 1839 102 17 19 Sangamon Indiana Indianapolis 1825 92 9 11 Marion Iowa Des Moines 1857 99 4 6 Polk Kansas Topeka 1861 105 4 6 Shawnee Kentucky Frankfort 1793 120 6 8 Franklin Louisiana Baton Rouge 1882 64 Parishes 6 8 East Baton Rouge parish Maine Augusta 1832 16 2 4 Kennebec Maryland Annapolis 1694 23 (+1 city) 8 10 Anne Arundel Massachusetts Boston 1630 14 9 11 Suffolk Michigan Lansing 1847 83 13 15 Ingham Minnesota St. Paul 1849 87 8 10 Ramsey Mississippi Jackson 1822 82 4 6 Hinds Missouri Jefferson City 1826 114 (+1 city) 8 10 Cole Montana Helena 1875 56 2 4 Lewis and Clark Nebraska Lincoln 1867 93 3 5 Lancaster Nevada Carson City 1861 16 (+1 city) 4 6 Carson City New Hampshire Concord 1808 10 2 4 Merrimack New Jersey Trenton 1790 21 12 14 Mercer New Mexico Santa Fe 1609 33 3 5 Santa Fe New York Albany 1797 62 26 28 Albany North Carolina Raleigh 1792 100 14 16 Wake North Dakota Bismarck 1889 53 1 3 Burleigh Ohio Columbus 1816 88 15 17 Franklin Oklahoma Oklahoma City 1910 77 5 7 Oklahoma Oregon Salem 1859 36 6 8 Marion Pennsylvania Harrisburg 1812 67 17 19 Dauphin Rhode Island Providence 1900 5 (no county gov't) 2 4 Providence South Carolina Columbia 1790 46 7 9 Richland South Dakota Pierre 1889 66 1 3 Hughes Tennessee Nashville 1826 95 9 11 Davidson Texas Austin 1845 254 38 40 Travis Utah Salt Lake City 1856 29 4 6 Salt Lake Vermont Montpelier 1805 14 (no county gov't) 1 3 Washington Virginia Richmond 1780 95 (+38 cities) 11 13 none--independent city Washington Olympia 1889 39 10 12 Thurston West Virginia Charleston 1885 55 2 4 Kanawha Wisconsin Madison 1848 72 8 10 Dane Wyoming Cheyenne 1869 23 1 3 Laramie *Hartford and New Haven were twin capitals from 1701 to 1875. Hartford has been the only capital since 1875. County/local government information per World Book Encyclopedia. Appendix 3 POPULATION AND LAND AREA Updated 2021

2020 CENSUS 2010 CENSUS LAND AREA STATE POPULATION RANK POPULATION RANK SQ. MILES RANK Alabama 5,024,279 24 4,803,982 23 50,750 28 Alaska 733,391 48 721,523 47 570,374 1 Arizona 7,151,502 14 6,412,700 16 113,642 6 Arkansas 3,011,524 33 2,926,229 32 52,075 27 California 39,538,223 1 37,341,989 1 155,973 3 Colorado 5,773,714 21 5,044,930 22 103,729 8 Connecticut 3,605,944 29 3,581,628 29 4,845 48 Delaware 989,948 45 900,877 45 1,955 49 Florida 21,538,187 3 18,900,773 4 53,937 26 Georgia 10,711,908 8 9,727,566 9 57,919 21 Hawaii 1,455,271 40 1,366,862 40 6,423 47 Idaho 1,839,106 38 1,573,499 39 82,751 11 Illinois 12,812,508 6 12,864,380 5 55,593 24 Indiana 6,785,528 17 6,501,582 15 35,870 38 Iowa 3,190,369 31 3,053,787 30 55,875 23 Kansas 2,937,880 35 2,863,813 33 81,823 13 Kentucky 4,505,836 26 4,350,606 26 39,732 36 Louisiana 4,657,757 25 4,553,962 25 43,566 33 Maine 1,362,359 42 1,333,074 41 30,865 39 Maryland 6,177,224 18 5,789,929 19 9,775 42 Massachusetts 7,029,917 15 6,559,644 14 7,838 45 Michigan 10,077,331 10 9,911,626 8 56,809 22 Minnesota 5,706,494 22 5,314,879 21 79,617 14 Mississippi 2,961,279 34 2,978,240 31 46,914 31 Missouri 6,154,913 19 6,011,478 18 68,898 18 Montana 1,084,225 44 994,416 44 145,556 4 Nebraska 1,961,504 37 1,831,825 38 76,878 15 Nevada 3,104,614 32 2,709,432 35 109,806 7 New Hampshire 1,377,529 41 1,321,445 42 8,969 44 New Jersey 9,288,994 11 8,807,501 11 7,419 46 New Mexico 2,117,522 36 2,067,273 36 121,364 5 New York 20,201,249 4 19,421,055 3 47,224 30 North Carolina 10,439,388 9 9,565,781 10 48,718 29 North Dakota 779,094 47 675,905 48 68,994 17 Ohio 11,799,448 7 11,568,495 7 40,953 35 Oklahoma 3,959,353 28 3,764,882 28 68,679 19 Oregon 4,237,256 27 3,848,606 27 96,002 10 Pennsylvania 13,002,700 5 12,734,905 6 44,820 32 Rhode Island 1,097,379 43 1,055,247 43 1,045 50 South Carolina 5,118,425 23 4,645,975 24 30,111 40 South Dakota 886,667 46 819,761 46 75,896 16 Tennessee 6,910,840 16 6,375,431 17 41,219 34 Texas 29,145,505 2 25,268,418 2 261,914 2 Utah 3,271,616 30 2,770,765 34 82,168 12 Vermont 643,077 49 630,337 49 9,249 43 Virginia 8,631,393 12 8,037,736 12 39,598 37 Washington 7,705,281 13 6,753,369 13 66,581 20 West Virginia 1,793,716 39 1,859,815 37 24,087 41 Wisconsin 5,893,718 20 5,698,230 20 54,314 25 Wyoming 576,851 50 568,300 50 97,105 9 330,759,736 309,184,463 3,536,217 District of Columbia 689,545 601,657 61 Totals 331,449,281 309,786,120 3,536,278 NOTE: Land Area shows the number of square miles of land and does not include inland water areas. Appendix 4 STATE MOTTOS Updated 9/1/09

STATE MOTTO Alabama We dare defend our rights. (Audemus Jura Nostra Defendere.) Alaska North to the future Arizona Ditat Deus (God enriches). Arkansas Regnat Populus (The people rule). California Eureka (I have found it). Colorado Nil Sine Numine (Nothing Without Providence). Connecticut Qui Transtulit Sustinet (He who transplanted still sustains.) Delaware Liberty and independence Florida In God we trust. (unofficial) Georgia Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation Hawaii The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness. (Ua Mau Ke Ea o ka Aina I Ka Pono.) Idaho Esto Perpetua (Let it be perpetual) Illinois State sovereignty--national union Indiana Crossroads of America Iowa Our liberties we prize, and our rights we will maintain. Kansas Ad Astra per Aspera (To the stars through difficulties). Kentucky United we stand, divided we fall. Louisiana Union, Justice, and Confidence Maine Dirigo (I direct) Maryland Fatti Maschii, Parole Femine (Manly deeds, womanly words or Strong deeds, gentle words). Massachusetts Ense Petit Placidam Sub Libertate Quietem (By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty). Michigan Si Quaeris Peninsulam Amoenam, Circumspice (If you seek a pleasant peninsula, look about you). Minnesota L'Etoile du Nord (The star of the north) Mississippi Virtute et Armis (By Valor and Arms) Missouri Salus Populi Suprema Lex Esto (The welfare of the people shall be the supreme law). Montana Oro y Plata (Gold and Silver) Nebraska Equality before the law Nevada All for our country New Hampshire Live free or die. New Jersey Liberty and Prosperity New Mexico Crescit Eundo (It Grows as It Goes). New York Excelsior (Ever upward) North Carolina Esse Quam Videri (To be rather than to seem). North Dakota Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable. Ohio With God, all things are possible. Oklahoma Labor Omnia Vincit (Labor conquers all things). Oregon She flies with her own wings. Pennsylvania Virtue, Liberty and Independence Rhode Island Hope South Carolina Dum Spiro Spero (While I breathe, I hope). South Dakota Under God, the people rule. Tennessee Agriculture and Commerce Texas Friendship Utah Industry Vermont Freedom and Unity Virginia Sic Semper Tyrannis (Thus Always to ) Washington Alki (Bye and bye) West Virginia Montani Semper Liberi (Mountaineers are always free). Wisconsin Forward Wyoming Equal Rights Appendix 5 STATE SYMBOLS Updated 9/1/09

STATE FLOWER BIRD TREE SONG AL camellia yellowhammer southern longleaf pine Alabama AK forget-me-not willow ptarmigan Sitka spruce Alaska's Flag AZ blossom of saguaro cactus cactus wren paloverde Arizona March Song AR apple blossom mockingbird pine Arkansas CA golden poppy California valley quail California redwood I Love You, California CO white & lavender columbine lark bunting Colorado blue spruce Where the Columbines Grow, CT mountain laurel American robin white oak DE peach blossom Blue Hen chicken American holly FL orange blossom mockingbird sabal palmetto palm Old Folks at Home (Swanee River) GA Cherokee rose brown thrasher live oak HI yellow hibiscus nene (Hawaiian goose) kukui (candlenut) Hawaii Ponoi (Hawaii's Own) ID syringa mountain bluebird western white pine IL native violet cardinal white oak Illinois IN peony cardinal tulip poplar On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away IA wild rose eastern goldfinch oak The Song of Iowa KS native sunflower western meadowlark cottonwood KY goldenrod cardinal tulip poplar LA magnolia eastern brown pelican cypress (also ) ME white pine cone and tassel chickadee eastern white pine State of Maine Song MD black-eyed Susan Baltimore oriole white oak Maryland, My Maryland MA mayflower chickadee American elm All Hail to Massachusetts MI apple blossom robin white pine Michigan, (unofficial) MN pink and white lady's slipper common loon red pine Hail! Minnesota MS magnolia mockingbird magnolia Go, Mississippi! MO hawthorn bluebird dogwood MT bitterroot western meadowlark ponderosa pine Montana NE goldenrod western meadowlark cottonwood NV sagebrush mountain bluebird single-leaf pinon, bristlecone pine NH purple lilac purple finch white birch NJ purple violet eastern goldfinch red oak I'm From New Jersey (unofficial) NM yucca roadrunner pinon O, Fair New Mexico NY wild rose bluebird sugar maple NC dogwood cardinal pine The Old North State ND wild prairie rose western meadowlark American elm OH scarlet carnation cardinal buckeye OK Oklahoma rose scissor-tailed flycatcher redbud Oklahoma! OR Oregon grape western meadowlark Douglas fir Oregon, My Oregon PA mountain laurel ruffed grouse hemlock Pennsylvania RI violet Rhode Island Red red maple Rhode Island's It for Me SC yellow jessamine Carolina wren palmetto Carolina SD pasqueflower Chinese ring-necked pheasant Black Hills spruce Hail, South Dakota TN iris mockingbird tulip poplar My Homeland, Tennessee TX bluebonnet mockingbird pecan Texas, Our Texas UT sego lily sea gull blue spruce Utah, This is the Place VT red clover hermit thrush sugar maple VA dogwood cardinal dogwood Carry Me Back to Old Virginia (unofficial) WA western rhododendron willow goldfinch western hemlock Washington, My Home WV big rhododendron cardinal sugar maple The West Virginia Hills WI wood violet robin sugar maple On, Wisconsin! WY Indian paintbrush western meadowlark plains cottonwood Wyoming Appendix 6 WEATHER DATA Updated 2021

JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER STATE-WIDE AVERAGE STATE ANNUAL PRECIPITATION HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO HI LO (inches) Alabama (Birmingham) 54 34 58 37 67 44 74 51 82 60 88 68 91 71 91 71 85 64 75 53 65 44 56 36 56 Alaska (Anchorage) 23 11 27 14 34 19 44 29 56 40 63 48 65 52 64 50 55 42 40 29 28 17 25 13 55 Arizona (Phoenix) 67 46 71 49 77 53 85 60 95 69 104 78 106 83 104 83 100 77 89 65 76 53 66 45 13 Arkansas (Little Rock) 51 32 55 35 64 43 73 51 81 61 89 69 92 73 93 72 86 65 75 53 63 42 52 34 49 California (Los Angeles) 67 51 67 51 67 51 69 53 70 56 73 58 77 62 79 62 78 62 75 59 71 55 67 51 22 Colorado (Denver) 45 18 46 19 54 27 61 34 72 43 82 52 90 59 88 57 79 48 66 37 52 25 45 18 15 Connecticut (Hartford) 35 16 38 19 47 27 58 38 70 48 79 57 84 63 82 61 74 51 63 40 51 32 40 22 47 Delaware (Wilmington) 40 25 44 27 52 34 64 43 73 53 82 63 86 68 84 66 77 58 66 46 56 37 45 29 45 Florida (Tallahassee) 64 39 67 42 74 47 80 52 87 62 91 69 92 72 92 72 88 68 81 57 73 47 65 41 54 Georgia (Atlanta) 52 34 57 37 64 45 72 52 81 61 86 68 90 72 88 72 82 64 73 54 64 43 54 36 50 Hawaii (Honolulu) 80 66 80 66 81 68 83 69 85 71 87 73 88 74 89 75 89 74 87 73 84 71 81 68 110 Idaho (Boise) 38 25 45 28 55 34 62 39 72 47 81 54 91 60 90 60 79 51 65 41 48 32 38 24 19 Illinois (Chicago) 32 18 36 21 46 30 59 41 70 52 81 63 84 68 82 66 75 57 63 46 48 34 36 23 38 Indiana (Indianapolis) 36 20 40 24 52 33 63 43 73 53 82 62 85 66 84 64 78 56 65 45 52 35 39 24 40 Iowa (Des Moines) 31 14 36 19 49 30 62 41 72 52 82 62 86 67 84 65 76 55 63 43 48 31 34 18 32 Kansas (Wichita) 42 22 48 26 58 35 68 45 76 54 86 64 91 69 91 68 82 59 70 47 56 34 43 25 27 Kentucky (Louisville) 43 27 48 30 58 38 69 47 77 57 85 66 89 70 88 69 82 60 70 49 58 40 46 30 47 Louisiana (Shreveport) 57 36 62 40 69 46 77 54 84 63 90 69 93 73 94 72 88 66 78 55 67 45 58 38 57 Maine (Portland) 31 13 35 16 42 25 53 35 64 44 73 54 79 59 78 58 70 50 59 39 48 31 37 20 41 Maryland (Baltimore) 42 29 46 31 54 39 65 48 75 57 85 67 89 73 87 71 80 64 68 52 58 43 46 33 43 Massachusetts (Boston) 36 22 39 25 45 31 56 41 66 50 76 60 81 65 80 65 72 57 61 47 51 38 41 28 45 Michigan (Detroit) 31 19 32 18 42 27 55 37 67 48 77 58 82 63 80 62 73 55 60 44 46 33 35 24 32 Minnesota (Minneapolis) 24 8 29 13 41 24 58 37 69 49 79 59 83 64 80 62 72 52 58 40 41 26 27 12 26 Mississippi (Jackson) 56 35 60 38 69 45 76 52 83 62 89 69 92 72 92 71 87 65 77 53 67 44 58 37 56 Missouri (Jefferson City) 40 21 45 25 56 33 67 44 75 54 83 64 88 68 88 66 80 57 69 45 56 35 43 24 40 Montana (Billings) 36 18 40 21 49 27 58 35 67 44 77 52 87 59 86 57 73 47 59 37 45 26 35 18 15 Nebraska ( Omaha) 32 12 37 18 50 28 63 39 73 50 84 61 88 66 86 64 77 54 64 41 48 28 36 16 22 Nevada (Elko) 36 14 41 18 52 26 59 31 69 38 80 44 90 50 89 48 78 39 65 29 48 21 37 15 9 New Hampshire (Concord) 31 10 35 14 44 22 57 33 69 43 77 53 82 58 81 56 73 47 60 36 48 28 36 17 42 New Jersey (Newark) 39 24 42 27 51 34 62 44 72 53 82 63 86 69 84 67 77 60 65 48 55 39 44 30 45 New Mexico (Albuquerque) 47 26 53 30 60 36 69 43 79 53 88 62 90 66 87 65 81 58 69 46 56 34 46 26 13 New York (NYC) 39 26 42 29 50 35 60 44 71 55 79 64 85 70 83 69 76 61 65 50 54 41 44 32 39 North Carolina (Charlotte) 51 30 55 33 63 39 72 47 79 56 86 65 89 68 87 67 81 60 72 49 62 39 53 32 50 North Dakota (Fargo) 18 0 24 6 36 19 56 33 69 45 77 55 83 60 81 57 71 47 56 35 37 20 22 6 17 Ohio (Cincinnati) 39 22 44 26 55 34 65 43 75 53 83 62 87 66 85 64 79 57 67 44 55 36 44 27 38 Oklahoma (Tulsa) 48 29 53 31 62 40 72 49 79 59 87 68 93 73 93 71 84 62 73 51 61 40 49 30 33 Oregon (Portland) 47 36 51 36 57 40 61 43 68 49 74 54 81 58 81 58 76 53 64 46 53 40 46 35 28 Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) 40 26 44 28 53 34 64 44 74 54 83 64 87 69 85 68 78 60 67 48 56 39 45 30 41 Rhode Island (Providence) 37 21 40 24 48 30 59 40 68 49 78 58 83 64 81 63 74 55 63 44 53 36 42 26 44 South Carolina (Charleston) 59 38 63 41 70 47 76 53 83 62 88 70 91 73 9 72 85 67 77 57 70 47 62 40 48 South Dakota (Rapid City) 38 13 39 14 47 22 56 31 66 42 76 51 85 58 84 56 73 45 60 34 47 23 38 13 18 Tennessee (Nashville) 47 28 52 32 61 39 71 47 78 57 86 65 89 69 89 68 82 61 72 49 60 39 49 31 52 Texas (Dallas) 57 30 61 35 69 42 77 51 84 60 91 67 95 71 96 71 89 64 80 52 68 43 58 32 27 Utah (Salt Lake City) 38 26 44 31 53 38 61 43 71 52 82 61 90 69 89 67 78 58 65 46 50 36 40 27 12 Vermont (Burlington) 27 10 31 13 40 22 55 35 67 45 76 55 81 60 79 58 70 51 57 39 46 31 33 19 39 Virginia (Roanoke) 46 28 49 30 58 37 68 45 76 53 83 62 87 66 86 65 78 58 69 47 59 38 48 30 43 Washington (Seattle) 47 37 50 37 54 39 58 42 65 47 70 52 76 56 76 56 71 52 60 46 51 40 46 36 38 West Virginia (Charleston) 42 26 47 29 56 35 68 44 75 53 82 62 85 66 84 65 78 57 68 45 57 37 46 29 44 Wisconsin (Green Bay) 24 9 28 12 39 22 54 34 66 44 75 54 80 58 78 57 70 49 57 38 42 27 29 14 31 Wyoming (Cheyenne) 40 18 40 19 47 24 55 31 65 40 75 49 83 56 81 54 72 45 59 34 47 24 38 17 13 Appendix 7 GROSS STATE PRODUCT Updated 2021 (BREAKDOWN BY PERCENTAGE)

AGRICULTURE, SERVICE INDUSTRIES (see description and notes below) STATE MANUFACTURING FORESTRY, FISHING MINING FINANCE TRADE PERSONAL GOV'T UTILITIES CONSTRUCTION TRANS/COMM AL 17% 1% 1% 18% 16% 20% 17% 3% 4% 5% AK 3% 1% 13% 14% 10% 17% 22% 2% 4% 16% AZ 8% 1% 1% 24% 17% 23% 13% 2% 4% 6% AR 15% 2% 1% 19% 18% 18% 13% 3% 4% 7% CA 11% 1% 2% 23% 14% 22% 12% 1% 4% 12% CO 7% 1% 3% 22% 15% 24% 12% 1% 5% 10% CT 11% * * 31% 14% 22% 10% 2% 3% 7% DE 6% 1% * 48% 9% 18% 10% 1% 4% 4% FL 5% 1% * 24% 19% 25% 11% 2% 5% 8% GA 11% 1% * 22% 16% 20% 12% 2% 4% 12% HI 2% 1% * 25% 18% 18% 20% 2% 6% 7% ID 11% 5% 1% 18% 17% 21% 13% 2% 6% 5% IL 12% 1% * 25% 16% 24% 10% 2% 4% 8% IN 27% 1% * 17% 14% 20% 9% 2% 4% 5% IA 17% 4% * 26% 13% 16% 12% 2% 4% 6% KS 15% 3% 1% 20% 16% 20% 13% 2% 4% 7% KY 18% 1% 1% 18% 16% 19% 14% 2% 4% 7% LA 17% 1% 4% 16% 16% 20% 12% 2% 5% 6% ME 10% 1% * 23% 18% 25% 14% 2% 4% 4% MD 5% * * 24% 12% 25% 20% 2% 4% 6% MA 10% * * 26% 12% 30% 10% 1% 4% 8% MI 19% 1% * 19% 15% 23% 11% 2% 4% 5% MN 14% 1% 1% 23% 15% 23% 10% 2% 4% 7% MS 16% 2% 1% 17% 18% 17% 18% 3% 4% 6% MO 12% 1% * 22% 16% 24% 12% 2% 4% 8% MT 5% 4% 3% 19% 16% 21% 15% 2% 6% 7% NE 10% 6% * 22% 14% 18% 13% 3% 3% 11% NV 4% * 2% 23% 25% 20% 11% 2% 5% 8% NH 11% * * 25% 17% 25% 11% 2% 3% 6% NJ 8% * * 26% 16% 25% 11% 2% 4% 8% NM 4% 2% 7% 18% 13% 22% 24% 2% 4% 6% NY 5% * * 35% 12% 24% 10% 1% 3% 10% NC 18% 1% * 22% 14% 20% 13% 2% 4% 6% ND 7% 6% 8% 18% 17% 15% 12% 3% 7% 8% OH 16% * 1% 24% 15% 21% 11% 2% 4% 6% OK 9% 1% 9% 15% 15% 18% 17% 2% 4% 9% OR 14% 2% * 24% 14% 21% 13% 1% 4% 6% PA 12% * 2% 22% 13% 25% 10% 2% 4% 10% RI 9% * * 28% 15% 25% 13% 1% 4% 5% SC 17% 1% * 18% 17% 20% 16% 3% 5% 5% SD 9% 7% * 27% 17% 17% 11% 2% 4% 5% TN 15% * * 18% 17% 25% 11% 1% 4% 8% TX 11% 1% 6% 17% 17% 21% 11% 2% 5% 8% UT 11% 1% 1% 24% 15% 21% 13% 1% 6% 9% VT 9% 1% 1% 21% 18% 26% 15% 2% 4% 5% VA 9% * * 22% 12% 27% 19% 1% 4% 7% WA 12% 2% * 19% 16% 19% 13% 1% 4% 15% WV 10% * 8% 15% 15% 21% 17% 3% 4% 5% WI 18% 1% * 23% 14% 19% 11% 2% 4% 7% WY 5% 2% 17% 15% 14% 12% 17% 3% 3% 10% Notes: Appearance of * means less than 1/2 of one percent (due to rounding of numbers, figures may not add up to exactly 100%) IF YOUR GRAPH DOESN'T SHOW TRANS/COM, ADD TRANS/COM AND UTILITIES AND RECORD UNDER UTILITIES Finance=Banking, Insurance, and Real Estate Trade=Wholesale and Retail Trade, Hotels, Restaurants Personal=Churches; Private Schools; Legal, Community, & Social Services; Doctors' Offices; Repair Shops Trans/Comm=Transportation Services and Communication Services Appendix 8 STATE ECONOMY Updated 2021

STATE PRIMARY NATURAL RESOURCES MAIN INDUSTRY MAIN SERVICE CHIEF AGRICULTURAL CHIEF FISHING CHIEF MANUFACTURED CHIEF MINERAL PRIMARY SOURCE INDUSTRY PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT PRODUCT OF ELECTRICITY

AL forests, soil, minerals, rivers service industries personal services broilers shrimp transportation equipment coal natural gas AK soil, minerals, water, fish, forests service industries government greenhouse/nursery products pollock food & petroleum products petroleum natural gas AZ climate, minerals service industries finance lettuce transportation equipment copper nuclear AR soil, minerals, forests, water service industries finance broilers food, beverages natural gas coal CA minerals, timber, soil, climate service industries finance dairy products crabs chemicals petroleum natural gas CO minerals, soil, water service industries personal services cattle, calves food, beverages petroleum coal CT (limited forests, soil, minerals) service industries finance greenhouse/nursery products scallops transportation equipment traprock nuclear DE soil, minerals service industries finance broilers crabs chemicals crushed stone natural gas FL beaches, climate, forests, minerals service industries personal services greenhouse/nursery products shrimp food, beverages phosphate rock natural gas GA minerals, forests, water service industries finance broilers shrimp food, beverages kaolin natural gas HI climate, topsoil, water service industries finance bananas dolphinfish clothing gemstones petroleum ID soil, minerals, water, forests service industries finance dairy products food, beverages gemstones hydroelectric IL soil, minerals service industries finance corn chemicals coal nuclear IN soil, minerals, water service industries personal services corn transportation equipment coal coal IA soil, water service industries finance corn food, beverages limestone coal KS soil, minerals service industries personal svcs, finance cattle, calves transportation equipment petroleum coal KY soil, coal service industries personal services broilers transportation equipment coal coal LA soil, minerals, forests service industries personal services soybeans shrimp chemicals natural gas natural gas ME forests, soil, minerals service industries personal services potatoes lobster transportation equipment clays hydroelectric MD soil, building materials service industries personal services broilers bass computer, electronic products coal nuclear MA soil, sand, gravel service industries finance greenhouse/nursery products scallops computer, electronic products clay natural gas MI soil, minerals, forests, water, plants/animals service industries personal services dairy products whitefish transportation equipment iron ore coal MN soil, minerals, forests service industries personal svcs, finance corn herring food, beverages iron ore coal MS soil, water, minerals, forests service industries trade, government broilers shrimp transportation equipment petroleum natural gas MO soil, minerals service industries personal services soybeans transportation equipment portland cement coal MT minerals, soil service industries personal services cattle, calves chemicals petroleum coal NE soil, water service industries finance cattle, calves food products lime coal NV minerals, wildlife, scenery service industries trade cattle, calves chemicals gold natural gas NH climate, soil, minerals service industries personal svcs, finance greenhouse/nursery products cod computer, electronic products sand, gravel nuclear NJ soil, small mineral deposits service industries finance greenhouse/nursery products scallops chemicals sand, gravel natural gas NM minerals, soil, forests, plants, animals service industries government dairy products food, beverages petroleum coal NY soil, minerals, water service industries finance dairy products clams chemicals salt natural gas NC soil, minerals, forests service industries finance broilers shrimp chemicals granite nuclear ND soil, minerals service industries finance soybeans machinery petroleum coal OH soil, minerals service industries finance soybeans perch transportation equipment natural gas coal OK minerals, soil service industries government cattle, calves machinery petroleum natural gas OR forests, minerals, water, soil service industries finance greenhouse/nursery products crabs computer, electronic products crushed stone hydroelectric PA soil, minerals, water, timber service industries personal services dairy products carp food, beverages natural gas nuclear RI limited minerals and soil service industries finance greenhouse/nursery products squid chemicals sand, gravel natural gas SC soil, minerals, forests, water service industries personal services broilers shrimp transportation equipment portland cement nuclear SD soil, minerals, forests service industries finance cattle, calves food, beverages gold hydroelectric TN soil, climate, water, minerals service industries personal services soybeans food, beverages limestone nuclear TX minerals, soil, grasslands service industries personal services cattle, calves shrimp chemicals petroleum natural gas UT minerals, soil service industries finance cattle, calves food products copper coal VT minerals, forests, soil service industries personal services dairy products food, beverages crushed stone hydroelectric VA soil, minerals service industries personal svcs broilers scallops beverage & tobacco products coal natural gas WA water, timber, soil service industries personal svcs, finance apples clams transportation equipment sand, gravel hydroelectric WV minerals, timber, scenery, rainfall service industries personal services cattle, calves chemicals coal coal WI soil, water, minerals, forests service industries finance dairy products whitefish food, beverages sand, gravel coal WY minerals, grassland, scenery, wildlife, water service industries government cattle, calves chemicals natural gas coal Appendix 9 US Presidents Updated 2021 and Signers of the Declaration of Independence

US PRESIDENTS SIGNERS OF DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE NAME BORN IN . . . INAUGURATED NAME BORN IN . . . George Washington Virginia 1789 John Adams Massachusetts John Adams Massachusetts 1797 Samuel Adams Massachusetts Virginia 1801 Josiah Bartlett Massachusetts James Madison Virginia 1809 Carter Braxton Virginia James Monroe Virginia 1817 Charles Carroll Maryland John Quincy Adams Massachusetts 1825 Samuel Chase Maryland Andrew Jackson South Carolina 1829 Abraham Clark New Jersey Martin Van Buren New York 1837 George Clymer Pennsylvania William Henry Harrison Virginia 1841 William Ellery Rhode Island Virginia 1841 William Floyd New York James Knox Polk North Carolina 1845 Benjamin Franklin Massachusetts Zachary Taylor Virginia 1849 Elbridge Gerry Massachusetts Millard Filmore New York 1850 Button Gwinnett England Franklin Pierce New Hampshire 1853 Lyman Hall Connecticut Pennsylvania 1857 John Hancock Massachusetts Kentucky 1861 Benjamin Harrison Virginia North Carolina 1865 John Hart Connecticut Ulyses S. Grant Ohio 1869 Joseph Hewes New Jersey Rutherford B. Hayes Ohio 1877 Thomas Heyward, Jr. South Carolina James Garfield Ohio 1881 William Hooper Massachusetts Chester Arthur Vermont 1881 Stephen Hopkins Rhode Island Grover Cleveland New Jersey 1885 Francis Hopkinson Pennsylvania Benjamin Harrison Ohio 1889 Samuel Huntington Connecticut Grover Cleveland New Jersey 1893 Thomas Jefferson Virginia William McKinley Ohio 1897 Francis L Lee Virginia Theodore Roosevelt New York 1901 Richard H. Lee Virginia William Howard Taft Ohio 1909 Francis Lewis Wales Woodrow Wilson Virginia 1913 Philip Livingston New York Warren Harding Ohio 1921 Thomas Lynch South Carolina Calvin Coolidge Vermont 1923 Thomas McKean Pennsylvania Herbert Hoover Iowa 1929 Arthur Middleton South Carolina Franklin D. Roosevelt New York 1933 Lewis Morris New York Harry Truman Missouri 1945 Robert Morris England Dwight Eisenhower Texas 1953 John Morton Pennsylvania John Kennedy Massachusetts 1961 Thomas Nelson, Jr. Virginia Lyndon Johnson Texas 1963 William Paca Maryland Richard Nixon California 1969 Robert T. Paine Massachusetts Gerald Ford Nebraska 1974 John Penn Virginia Jimmy Carter Georgia 1977 George Read Maryland Ronald Reagan Illinois 1981 Caesar Rodney Delaware George Bush Massachusetts 1989 George Ross Delaware Bill Clinton Arkansas 1993 Benjamin Rush Pennsylvania George W. Bush Connecticut 2001 Edward Rutledge South Carolina Barack H Obama, Jr. Hawaii 2009 Roger Sherman Massachusetts Donald J Trump New York 2017 James Smith Ireland Joseph Biden, Jr. Pennsylvania 2021 Richard Stockton New Jersey Thomas Stone Maryland George Taylor Ireland Matthew Thornton Ireland George Walton Virginia William Whipple Maine William Williams Connecticut James Wilson Scotland John Witherspoon Scotland Oliver Wolcott Connecticut George Wythe Virginia Appendix 10 SOURCES OF INFORMATION Updated 2021

General sources for all states: www.ask.com, www.historychannel.com, www.biography.com, www.americaslibrary.gov, www.50states.com, www.100bestvacations.com, www.enature.com, www.votesmart.org, www.census.gov, www.towd.com (updated information about state tourist bureaus), www.netstate.com, www.wikipedia.org

STATE PHONE INTERNET (www.) STATE WEBSITE ADDRESS Alabama 800-ALABAMA .alabama.gov www.alabama.gov Alabama Tourism Department, PO Box 4927, Montgomery, AL 36103-4927 Alaska 907-929-3842 travelalaska.com www.alaska.gov Alaska Travel Industry Association, 610 East 5th Avenue, Suite 200, Anchorage, AK 99501 Arizona 888-520-3434 tourism.az.gov www.az.gov Arizona Office of Tourism, 100 N 7th Avenue, Suite 400, Phoenix, AZ 85007 Arkansas 800-NATURAL arkansas.com www.arkansas.gov Arkansas State Parks, One Capitol Mall, Little Rock, AR 72201 California 800-GO-CALIF visitcalifornia.com www.ca.gov California Office of Tourism, 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 465, Sacramento, CA 95814 Colorado 303-892-3840 colorado.com www.colorado.gov Colorado Tourism Office, 1600 Broadway, Ste. 2500, Denver, CO 80202 Connecticut 800-CTBOUND ctvisit.com www.portal.ct.gov Connecticut Office of Tourism, 450 Columbus Boulevard, Suite 5, Hartford, CT 06103 Delaware 866-2-visit-DE visitdelaware.com www.delaware.gov Delaware Tourism Office, 99 Kings Highway, Dover, DE 19901 Florida 888-7FLA USA visitflorida.com www.myflorida.com Visit Florida, 2540 W. Executive Center Circle, Suite 200, Tallahassee, FL 32301 Georgia 800-VISIT-GA exploregeorgia.org www.georgia.gov Georgia Dept of Economic Development, Technology Square, 75 Fifth St NW, Suite 1200, Atlanta, GA 30308 Hawaii 800-GO HAWAII gohawaii.com www.portal.ehawaii.gov Hawaii Tourism Authority, 1800 Kalakaua Avenue, 1st Floor, Honolulu, HI 96815 Idaho 800-635-7820 visitidaho.org www.idaho.gov Idaho Department of Commerce -- Tourism Development, PO Box 83720, Boise, ID 83720-0093 Illinois 800-2-CONNECT enjoyillinois.com www2.illinois.gov Illinois Office of Tourism, 100 W. Randolph Street, Chicago, IL 60601 Indiana 800-677-9800 visitindiana.com www.in.gov Indiana Destination Development Corporation, One North Capitol, Suite 600, Indianapolis, IN 46204-2288 Iowa 800-345-IOWA traveliowa.com www.iowa.gov Iowa Tourism Office, 1963 Bell Avenue, Suite 200, Des Moines, IA 50315 Kansas 785-296-2009 travelks.com www.portal.kansas.gov Kansas Tourism, 1020 S Kansas Ave, Suite 200, Topeka, KS 66612 Kentucky 800-225-TRIP kentuckytourism.com www.kentucky.gov Kentucky Dept. of Tourism, 500 Mero St., Fifth Floor, Frankfort, KY 40601 Louisiana 985-646-6426 louisianatravel.com www.louisiana.gov Louisiana Office of Tourism, PO Box 94291, Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9291 Maine 888-MAINE-45 visitmaine.com www.maine.gov Maine Office of Tourism, 59 State House Station, Augusta, ME 04333-0059 Maryland 800-MD IS FUN mdisfun.org www.maryland.gov Maryland Office of Tourism Development, 401 East Pratt Street, 14th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21202 Massachusetts 800-447-MASS visitma.com www.mass.gov Massachusetts Office of Travel & Tourism, 136 Blackstone Street, 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02109 Michigan 888-78 GREAT michigan.org www.michigan.gov Michigan Economic Development Corporation, 300 N Washington Square, Lansing, MI 48913 Minnesota 888-VISIT-MN exploreminnesota.com www.mn.gov Explore Minnesota, 121 7th Place East, Suite 360, St. Paul MN, 55101 Mississippi 800-WARMEST visitmississippi.org www.ms.gov Mississippi Division of Tourism, 501 N. West Street, #601, Jackson, MS 39201 Missouri 573-751-4133 visitmo.com visitmo.com Missouri Division of Tourism, PO Box 1055, Jefferson City, MO 65102 Montana 800-VISIT-MT visitmt.com www.montana.gov Montana Office of Tourism and Business Development, PO Box 200533, Helena, MT 59620-0533 Nebraska 402-471-3796 visitnebraska.com www.nebraska.gov Nebraska Tourism Commission, PO Box 98907, Lincoln, NE 68509-8907 Nevada 800-NEVADA-8 travelnevada.com www.nv.gov Travel Nevada, 401 North Carson, Carson City, NV 89701 New Hampshire 800-FUN-IN-NH visitnh.gov www.nh.gov New Hampshire Division of Travel & Tourism Development, 100 North Main Street, Concord, NH 03301 New Jersey 800-VISIT NJ visitnj.org www.nj.gov New Jersey Division of Travel and Tourism, PO Box 460, Trenton, NJ 08625 New Mexico 505-827-7336 newmexico.org www.newmexico.gov New Mexico Tourism Department, 491 Old Santa Fe Trail, Santa Fe, NM 87501 New York 800-CALL NYS iloveny.com www.ny.gov New York State Division of Tourism, PO Box 2603, Albany, NY 12220-0603 North Carolina 800-VISIT-NC visitnc.com www.nc.gov North Carolina Department of Commerce, 301 N Wilmington St., Raleigh, NC 27601-1058 North Dakota 800-HELLO-ND ndtourism.com www.nd.gov North Dakota Tourism Division, PO Box 2057, Bismarck, ND 58502-2057 Ohio 800-BUCKEYE ohio.org www.ohio.gov TourismOhio, PO Box 1001, Columbus, OH 43216 Oklahoma 800-652-OKLA travelok.com www.oklahoma.gov Oklahoma Tourism and Recreation Dept, Travel Promotion Division,123 Robert S Kerr Ave, Oklahoma City, OK 73102 Oregon 800-547-7842 traveloregon.com www.oregon.gov Travel Oregon, 319 SW Washington Street, Suite 700, Portland, OR 97204 Pennsylvania 800-VISIT-PA visitpa.com www.pa.gov Visit PA - Tourism Office, 4th Floor, Commonwealth Keystone Bldg, 400 North Street, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Rhode Island 800-556-2484 visitrhodeisland.com www.ri.gov Commerce RI, Rhode Island Commerce Corporation, 315 Iron Horse Way, Suite 101, Providence, RI 02908 South Carolina 803-734-0124 discoversouthcarolina.com www.sc.gov SC Dept of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism, 1205 Pendleton St, Columbia, SC 29201 South Dakota 800-952-3625 travelsd.com www.sd.gov Department of Tourism, Dolly Reed Plaza, 711 E. Wells Avenue, c/o 500 East Capitol Avenue, Pierre, SD 57501-5070 Tennessee 800-GO2-TENN tnvacation.com www.tn.gov TN Dept. of Tourist Development, Wm. Snodgrass/Tennessee Tower, 312 Rosa L. Parks Ave. 13th Fl, Nashfille, TN 37243 Texas 800-452-9292 traveltexas.com www.texas.gov Travel Texas PO Box 12428, Austin, TX 78711 Utah 800-UTAH-fun utah.com www.utah.gov Utah Office of Tourism, Council Hall / Capitol Hill, 300 N. State Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 Vermont 800-VERMONT vermontvacation.com www.vermont.gov Vermont Dept. of Tourism and Marketing, 1 National Life Drive, 6th Floor, Montpelier, VT 05620-0501 Virginia 800-VISIT-VA virginia.org www.virginia.gov Virginia Tourism Corporation, 901 East Cary St., Suite 900, Richmond, VA 23219 Washington 800-544-1800 experiencewa.com www.wa.gov Washington Tourism Alliance, PO Box 953, Seattle, Washington 98111 West Virginia 800-CALL-WVA wvtourism.com wvtourism.com WV Dept of Tourism, Building 3, Suite 100, State Capitol Complex, 1900 Kanawha Boulevard East, Charleston, WV 25305 Wisconsin 800-432-TRIP travelwisconsin.com www.wisconsin.gov Wisconsin Dept. of Tourism, PO Box 8690, Madison, WI 53708-8690 Wyoming 800-CALL WYO travelwyoming.com www.wyo.gov Wyoming Office of Tourism, 5611 High Plains Road, Cheyenne, WY 82007