Foreign an European Policy Report 2013
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Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs Minoritenplatz 8 A-1014 Vienna Tel: During office hours on work days between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. (01) 90 115-0 / int.: (+43 1) 90 115-0 Toll-free service: (0800) 234 888 (not available for calls from outside Austria) Fax: (01) 904 20 16-0 / int.: (+43 1) 904 20 16-0 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.bmeia.gv.at Citizens’ Desk In case of emergency abroad the Citizens’ Desk can be reached 24 hours a FOREIGN AND EUROPEAN day: Tel: (01) 90 115-4411 / int.: (+43 1) 90 115-4411 Fax: (01) 904 20 16-245 / int.: (+43 1) 904 20 16-245 POLICY REPORT Email: [email protected] Assistance services available to Austrian citizens abroad are detailed on the website of the Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs 2013 at www.bmeia.gv.at. Report by the Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs Proprietor and Publisher: Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs A-1014 Vienna, Minoritenplatz 8 Austria ISBN: 978–3-902965–06–6 (print) 978–3-902965–07–3 (ePub) Edited and coordinated by: Michael Haider English translation coordinated by: Sabine Hübler Production: Berger Crossmedia GmbH & Co KG .BasedonAußen-undEuropapolitischerBericht2013 ,BerichtdesBundesministersfürEuropa .IntegrationundÄußeres.Wien,2014 Foreword On 16 December 2013, I was sworn in as Federal Minister for European and International Affairs and commissioned with heading today’s Federal Minis- try for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs. Over the last twelve months, the Ministry has dealt intensively with a number of trouble spots and chal- lenges faced at foreign and European policy level, which continue to deter- mine its agenda. The main political challenge to be tackled in 2013 was the conflict in Syria, which has caused so much bloodshed and reached a shocking low with the use of chemical weapons. To date, the conflict has claimed more than a hundred thousand lives and forced millions of people to flee. It has not only unleashed a humanitarian crisis of unprecedented dimensions, but also constitutes an enormous burden on Syria’s neighbours due to the flows of refugees it has triggered. Austria has provided more than 8 million euros for the provision of primary care to Syrian refugees, supported the programme for the destruction of Syrian chemical weapons and has from the very begin- ning consistently advocated keeping the doors open to a political solution in order to preserve a united, pluralist Syria. Reacting to the increasing escalation of violence, Austria was thus one of the first countries that called for a referral of the situation in Syria to the Interna- tional Criminal Court – in order to make it very clear to fighters on all sides that all those who commit or order others to commit war crimes or crimes against humanity will be held accountable. In 2013, we also witnessed the emergence of a development which remains of serious concern to the international community. In November, the Ukrainian government announced that it would not sign the long-planned Association Agreement with the EU. This decision set off a chain of events that resulted in the illegal occupation of Crimea by Russia and civil-war-like conditions in East Ukraine. On 14 November 2013, Austria took over the Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe and made pro-active use of this international function to contribute towards de-escalating the situa- tion. The meeting between the Foreign Ministers of Russia and the Ukraine at the Council of Europe Ministerial Conference in Vienna in May 2014 defi- nitely sent out a clear signal in this context. The year 2013 was, however, also marked by some positive developments, for instance in the Western Balkans – the key priority region of Austrian III Foreword foreign policy. The agreement reached between Serbia and Kosovo under the leadership of High Representative Catherine Ashton laid the foundation for a further normalisation of bilateral relations. Thus a central obstacle to these states’ rapprochement with the EU was removed, sending out a courageous and important signal to the entire Western Balkans. For Austria, which has such close links with this region, this development is also highly relevant. An important expression of our commitment to the Balkan states’ rapproche- ment with the EU was the European Forum Wachau 2013, where the Heads of Government of Serbia and Kosovo, Ivica Dačić and Hashim Thaçi, for the first time met in a bilateral context. Along with the EU accession of Croatia as 28th Member State, which Austria pro-actively supported, the year 2013 was characterised at EU level by the difficult negotiations on the Multiannual Financial Framework 2014–2020. In the context of these negotiations, Austria particularly advocated consid- eration of rural development and of investment in future-oriented areas such as research and education. Austria furthermore contributed very intensively to the discussion on the necessary strengthening of the Economic and Mon- etary Union. In the human rights field, the adoption of the EU Guidelines on Freedom of Religion or Belief, which are based on an Austrian initiative, rep- resented a special success for Austria. Thanks to these Guidelines it has been possible to create a transparent and effective instrument for the protection of both freedom of religion and religious minorities in the context of human rights-related EU foreign policy and to ensure the systematic consideration of this topic. Austria has not only positioned itself as an opinion leader in the thematic field of freedom of religion or belief and protection of religious minorities within the EU, but has also continued to successfully