Tymoshenko Suspected of Ordering Lawmaker's
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Part 3 of THE YEAR IN REVIEW pages 5-13 THEPublished U by theKRAINIAN Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal W non-profit associationEEKLY Vol. LXXXI No. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 27, 2013 $1/$2 in Ukraine “Freedom in the World 2013”: Democratic breakthroughs in the balance Freedom House WASHINGTON – The emergence of popular movements for reform were the driving force behind major gains in the Middle East last year, according to “Freedom in the World 2013,” Freedom House’s annual report on the state of global freedom. However, a number of regions experienced setbacks due to a hardened and increasingly shrewd authoritarian response to these move- ments. While the number of countries ranked as free in 2012 was 90, a gain of three over the previous year, 27 countries showed significant declines, compared with 16 that showed notable gains. This is the seventh consecutive year that Freedom in the World has shown more declines than gains worldwide. Furthermore, the report data reflected a stepped-up campaign of persecution by dictators that specifically targeted civil society organizations and independent Freedom House’s “Map of Freedom 2013” shows Ukraine among partly free states. media. Among the most striking gains for free- Noteworthy declines were recorded tive presidential election and direct mili- leaders elsewhere in the Middle East, dom was that of Libya, which advanced for Kazakhstan, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, tary rule came to an end, yet the elected with resulting setbacks for freedom in from not free to partly free and registered Russia, Turkey and Ukraine. Parliament was dissolved and President Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, one of the most substantial one-year The Middle East showed ambiguous Morsi pushed through a new Syria and the United Arab Emirates. numerical improvements in the report’s results for the year. In addition to major Constitution under deeply problematic The report’s findings were especially nearly 40-year history. Burma and a num- gains for Libya and Tunisia’s retention of circumstances. grim for Eurasian countries. Russia took ber of African countries, including Côte sharp improvements from 2011, Egypt Moreover, the gains for the Arab a decided turn for the worse after d’ivoire, Guinea, Lesotho, Senegal and experienced relatively modest progress. Spring countries triggered a reaction, Sierra Leone, also saw major advances. The country held a flawed but competi- sometimes violent, by authoritarian (Continued on page 3) Aerosvit’s financial troubles leave Prosecutor: Tymoshenko suspected travelers stranded and wondering of ordering lawmaker’s murder by Zenon Zawada the January 16 statement said. RFE/RL Ukrainian Service business to the UES,” he said in a reference Special to The Ukrainian Weekly Consequently, many airports stopped to the gas company that Ms. Tymoshenko accepting Aerosvit flights and even held KYIV – Ukraine’s procurator-general headed in the 1990s, United Energy KYIV – More than 1,000 airline passen- planes, which restricted the airline’s ability says jailed former Prime Minister Yulia Systems of Ukraine. gers were left stranded during the holiday to fulfill further scheduled flights, the state- Tymoshenko could face life imprisonment He also claimed Ms. Tymoshenko and season after an international panic was ment said. for her alleged role in the murder of a law- Mr. Lazarenko paid $2.8 million for the ignited by a Kyiv court launching proceed- Aerosvit’s holiday mess has left its hun- maker 16 years ago. murder of Shcherban, who was shot dead ings on December 29, 2012, on the already dreds of thousands of customers world- Viktor Pshonka said on January 18 that at an airport in eastern Ukraine in 1996. declared bankruptcy of Aerosvit, Ukraine’s wide wondering about the future of air Ms. Tymoshenko has been notified that she Ms. Tymoshenko and Mr. Lazarenko leading airline. travel to and from Ukraine, considering is suspected of having ordered the killing of both deny the accusations. Concern that Aerosvit wouldn’t cover that Aerosvit had offered the most flights, Ukrainian businessman and legislator Ms. Tymoshenko’s defense lawyer, debts or make future payments caused often at the most affordable rates. Yevhen Shcherban. Serhiy Vlasenko, rejected the new accusa- contractors to cancel payment agreements The company said it’s pursuing a finan- He said investigators have found enough tions as absurd in a telephone interview on already scheduled airline services, the cial reorganization amidst a crisis in the evidence that Ms. Tymoshenko, together with RFE/RL’s Ukrainian Service. airline informed The Weekly in a state- airline industry and economic stagnation in with former Ukrainian Prime Minister “That has nothing to do with the law,” ment. Some wanted debts paid immediate- various regions, particularly Europe. Pavlo Lazarenko, ordered Shcherban’s slay- Mr. Vlasenko said. “They could have sub- ly, while others wanted immediate pay- Aerosvit wants to continue functioning, ing. mitted a clean piece of paper on which ment for future services. renew its competitiveness and fulfill all obli- “The order was to kill Shcherban by any they could have written that ‘Yulia “The company objectively couldn’t satis- gations to its creditors, the statement said. means,” Mr. Pshonka said. “What are the Tymoshenko killed President [John F.] fy all the demands in conditions of mass However, such carefully worded formula- reasons for this killing? Profit-seeking busi- Kennedy.’ ” requests for immediate payments from tions haven’t dampened speculation about ness interests. Mr. Lazarenko and Ms. Her lawyer said the procurator-general’s [airline] service providers, as well as a sea- what’s really happening behind the scenes. Tymoshenko’s plans did not coincide announcement was likely linked to a ruling sonal decline in Aerosvit revenue [as with regarding the business, where Mr. any other carrier] in the winter period,” (Continued on page 17) Shcherban did not want to subordinate his (Continued on page 3) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 27, 2013 No. 4 ANALYSIS Invigorated Customs Union presents Kolesnichenko on Freedom House report Tymoshenko’s involvement in organizing Shcherban’s murder, given the previously KYIV – Party of Regions National Deputy published information,” the expert said. Mr. Vadym Kolesnichenko said on January 21 Russia’s neighbors with stark choice Fesenko also noted that those who com- that Freedom House is detrimental to Heavy-handed tactics mitted the murder have died. “There are no by Robert Coalson democracy and human rights in the world. Moscow seems eager to avoid being direct witnesses. There are only potential Moscow seems to be growing frustrated He wrote this on his blog on the Ukrayinska seen as forcing its neighbors into the ECU suspects who ordered this murder, in par- with Ukraine’s efforts to pursue closer ties Pravda news site, in reaction to the with heavy-handed tactics. ticular, [former Ukrainian Prime Minister] with the European Union while simultane- “Freedom in the World 2013” report Instead, President Putin has argued that released by Freedom House. “This docu- Pavlo Lazarenko and his entourage. But ously seeking benefits reserved for mem- ECU membership would be beneficial to they are abroad and I doubt very much that bers of the Russia-led Eurasian Customs ment, which thinking people often call as Ukraine because it would be able to deal balancing between political partisanship they will testify against themselves,” he Union (ECU). with the EU on better terms as part of a added. Mr. Fesenko expressed his opinion “You cannot be a little bit pregnant,” and banal unprofessionalism, this time bloc rather than individually. that the main goal of a new criminal case Russian Foreign Ministry official Aleksandr obtained also other shades – naked At the same time, however, Ukraine’s Ukrainophobia and bias,” Mr. against Ms. Tymoshenko is, first and fore- Gorban said on January 1, referring to the continued reliance on Russian natural gas is Kolesnichenko said. He expressed shock most, to discredit her in Ukraine and espe- choice facing Kyiv. a powerful tool, and Moscow has promised that experts of the organization rated free- cially in the West, presenting her as a crimi- The ECU – Russian President Vladimir Kyiv deep rate reductions if it joins the ECU. Putin’s premier foreign-policy project – has dom in Ukraine on a par with countries nal. Ukraine’s Procurator General Viktor The ECU – which currently comprises Pshonka said at a briefing on January 18 been developing rapidly in recent years as Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia – has such as Colombia, Egypt, Kosovo, Lebanon, that Ms. Tymoshenko could be sentenced it heads toward the ultimate goal of trans- become increasingly robust over the last 24 Libya, Morocco and others, citing politically forming into the Eurasian Economic Union months or so. motivated trials against opposition leaders, to life if it is proved that she ordered the by the beginning of 2015. But the ECU’s Unlike other, much more haphazard flawed parliamentary elections and the murder of Mr. Shcherban. (Ukrinform) emerging status as a potentially viable rival new language law giving preferences to the post-Soviet integration projects, the ECU is Yulia’s daughter appeals to officials to the EU is creating intense pressure with- being implemented and firmly institution- Russian language. (A law that was co- in countries like Armenia, Moldova and alized, says Kataryna Wolczuk, a senior lec- authored by Mr. Kolesnichen ko.) “And this KYIV – The daughter of imprisoned for- Ukraine to pick one path or the other. turer at the Center for Russian and East is just because the citizens of Ukraine mer Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko Both Moscow and Brussels see the European Studies at the University of obtained equal rights, obstacles to ethnic wrote a letter to the president, the govern- choice facing these countries as a stark Birmingham. and ethno-cultural conflicts in the society ment, the Verkhovna Rada, judges and the either/or decision that will likely have to “The Customs Union has been put on a were removed, and former and current Procurator General’s Office, as well as to be confronted within the next year or two.