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Liberia Chair: Esther Maddox Director asdf Liberia Chair: Esther Maddox Director: Committee Chair: Person ‘year Director: LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 Contents Chair’s Letter………………………………………………………...…..3 Introduction……………………..……………..……………..……..……4 History…………………………..……………..……………..……..…..11 Economics and Infrastructure………..………..……………..……..…..19 Government Structure………………..………..……………..……..…..24 Committee Positions………………..………..……………..……..……26 2 Committee Chair: Person ‘year Director: LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 Chair’s Letter Hey everyone! My name is Esther Maddox and I will be serving as your chair at PMUNC 2014. I am a sophomore at Princeton University with a prospective concentration in the Woodrow Wilson School or the Politics department and a certificate in African Studies. My first Model UN experiences began the fall of my freshmen year when I decided to try out for the team. As a member of the Princeton Model UN Team, I have the opportunity to travel around the country and world participating in various Model UN conferences. In the past year, I have been a delegate in conferences at Columbia University, Chicago University, and McGill University. My involvement in Team has also led me to be more involved with Princeton’s International Relations Council, where I serve as the Community Service Co-Chair. As the Community Service Co-Chair I work on creating and implementing a program for middle and high school students in the local area that helps them learn more about International Relations and its relevance as well as allows for them to develop their public speaking and Model UN skills. I have worked two conferences previous to this one, PMUNC 2013 where I was a crisis staffer for the British and Irish Joint Crisis Committee and PICSIM 2014 (Princeton Interactive Crisis Simulation), our college conference, as the director for Interpol Committee. In the past year, I have learned so much from Model UN and I have had an amazing experience and I hope that I can share my knowledge with you and make sure that you have a wonderful time at PMUNC 2014! A few of you may be wondering why I chose Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf’s Cabinet in 2005 and may even not be too sure where Liberia is on the map. I chose this particular topic for two primary reasons. First, as a Liberian, I really wanted to conduct a crisis committee that is near my own heart and interests. I felt that I, as well as all of you, would enjoy and benefit from something a little different. Second, I wanted to have a committee that explored the intricacies and crisis that arise out of a government that has been plagued by civil war for well over two decades, where child soldiers, coups, rape, massacre, drugs, and a completely fractured infrastructure has become the norm. I felt that this crisis committee is ideal because of the potential for some interesting and challenging crisis as well as the flexibility that comes with being set in more modern times and the current lack of major solutions to the country’s problems. I really enjoyed developing this committee and I can’t wait to see what great ideas and solutions you will all come up with. Besides the massive amounts of time that I spend doing Model UN, I am also involved in the Princeton Association of Black Women as a board member and the Princeton Questbridge Scholars on campus. I have also participated in the events put on by Princeton Latinos y Amigos and recently was part of the Princeton Shakespeare Company’s production of Twelfth Night as a cast member. When I am not busy with 3 LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 class or my extracurriculars, I spend my spare minutes dreaming of sunny Southern California, binge watching Game of Thrones, American Horror Story, and Orange is the New Black. Please, if you have any questions about the conference or committee, do not hesitate to contact me beforehand. I look forward to meeting you all and fixing the world at PMUNC. Stay classy PMUNC Delegates! Sincerely, Esther Maddox 4 Committee Chair: Person ‘year Director: LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 Introduction Committee Description and Africa. The past two civil wars also Objective decimated the infrastructure of Liberia; schools, hospitals, and sanitation need to In 2005, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was be revamped. The problems that have elected as President of the Republic of arisen as a result of the civil wars has Liberia, following the years of made the road towards stability very widespread corruption, violence and difficult for Liberia, and the implications turmoil. Sirleaf and her cabinet took of Liberia falling into chaos once again office in January 2006 and were will not only mean bad news for just immediately faced with the many issues Liberians, but the West African Region that would need to be addressed before at large. The cabinet must work through Liberia could be stabilized and start on establishing a stable Liberian the pathway prosperity. The last two government in order to withstand any civil wars decimated the country, future disasters and avoid a looming creating large-scale economic, political, third civil war on the horizon. The date social, and regional problems. Liberia that this simulation begins is January faces crippling debt to the US and other 16, 2006, the date on which President nations that must be addressed in order Sirleaf and her cabinet officially take for the country to move forward. In office. addition, there is the pertinent issue of Liberian refugees scattered across West Committee Rules and Procedures 5 LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 All delegates are expected to wear General Committee Rules Western Business Attire or, as the only The committee will simulate the alternative, traditional Liberian/West executive branch of the national African Business Attire. The working governing body of Liberia. The cabinet, and official language of the committee headed by the President is responsible will be conducted in English. for determining and executing the laws and policies of Liberia. For the purposes Debate of this committee and to ease decision- The default setting for debate will be making, we have taken liberties with the a continuous moderated caucus. The roles of the executive, assigning powers cabinet needs a simple majority to pass usually reserved for the legislative directives and a two-thirds majority to branch of the government. It is important pass resolutions unless otherwise stated to note that this is the first Cabinet by the chair. Directives should be elected since the civil war, and although employed for crises that require the immediate fighting has ceased, immediate action while resolutions are instability still is present throughout the better suited for detailing a long-term country and even more so in the solution to a problem and should be used government. Because of this fragility of rarely. All sessions will begin with the government, the power structure in saluting the Liberian Flag and standing the cabinet is always subject to change. for the Liberian National Anthem. Attire and Language 6 LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 Important Motions, Points, and the notice of the Dais. No Means of Communication analyses or speeches may be • Point of Order: A point of order made using a point of may interrupt a speech and may information. be used when a delegate feels the • Point of Personal Privilege: A Chair or another delegate is not point of personal privilege may correctly following the rules of be raised when a delegate’s procedure. ability to participate in debate is • Point of Inquiry: A point of impaired for any physical or inquiry may not interrupt a logistical reason (for instance, if speaker and may be used to the speaker is not audible). In direct a question to the Chair to addition, this point may be used clarify parliamentary procedure to bring up any issues with the or motions or to ask a question. conditions of the room, such as Substantive analyses or speeches lighting or temperature. This may not be made using a point of point may interrupt a speech, and inquiry. the Dais will immediately try to • Point of Information: A point of resolve the difficulty. information may not interrupt a • Right of Reply: Right of reply speech and may be brought up by may be invoked in the rare case a delegate in order either to that a delegate feels his or her clarify a point or motion, or to personal dignity or integrity have bring substantive information to been deliberately offended. The 7 LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 delegate may raise his placard amongst themselves and write and ask the Chair for a Right of documents for submission. Reply, which will be awarded at • Motion to Introduce Documents: the Chair's discretion A motion to introduce documents • Motion for a Moderated Caucus: requests that submitted A motion to enter into a documents be introduced to the moderated caucus must specify committee at large in order for the topic of debate, the length of them to be discussed. The the caucus, and the time for each document will be read out loud speech. Much of committee by the Chair or by the presenting debate is expected to take place delegate and be submitted for in moderated caucus. committee discussion if it has at • Motion for an Unmoderated least three signatures from Caucus: A motion for an delegates. If the document is a unmoderated caucus is up to the directive it will abide by the rules Chair's discretion and must set forth below. In the case of a specify a topic of debate for the motion to introduce an caucus. If this motion passes, the amendment, if the rules of debate will be suspended • amendment is friendly (that is, for the given amount of time and the sponsor(s) of the original delegates will be permitted to documents consent to its leave their seats to discuss adoption), it is immediately included as part of the proposed 8 LIBERIA PMUNC 2014 document.
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