The Golden Bough (Vol. 1 of 2) by James George Frazer
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Of Ace Graphney From
166 Stanley ' s Discoveries and the Future of Africa . Jan . tion of the papers drawn up by himself on various matters of public interest . The selection from these papers and the letters of the Prince forms by far the most interesting and important part of the present work , and we shall be glad if this portion of it can hereafter be extended . In other respects this bio graphy would gain by abridgment ; and it is also to be re gretted that the yery high price of these volumes places them altogether out of the reach of the people . A cheap edition of the book , which might be sold at cost price , since profit can be no object , reduced io about half its present size , but retaining all that came from the Prince ' s own pen , would be the most accept able gift Queen Victoria could make to her people , and per haps the most enduring monument of her Consort ' s fame . ART . VII . - - Letters of of Ace Henry graphney Stanley from from Equatorial Africa to the Daily Telegraph . London : 1877 . The exploration of Africa has been conducted of late on a - new system . The routes of the earlier travellers passed either through parts of the continent where the population is sparse , as in Caffre land or in the Sahara , or in those where it is organised into large kingdoms , such as lie between Ashanti and Wadai , and which are much too powerful to admit of any traveller forcing his way against the will of their rulers . The older explorers were therefore content to travel with small retinues , conciliating the natives of the larger kingdoms by patient persistence and feeling their way . -
The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 3 of 12) by James George Frazer
The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 3 of 12) by James George Frazer This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Golden Bough (Third Edition, Vol. 3 of 12) Author: James George Frazer Release Date: January 12, 2013 [Ebook 41832] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GOLDEN BOUGH (THIRD EDITION, VOL. 3 OF 12)*** The Golden Bough A Study in Magic and Religion By James George Frazer, D.C.L., LL.D., Litt.D. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge Professor of Social Anthropology in the University of Liverpool Third Edition. Vol. III. Part II Taboo and the Perils of the Soul New York and London MacMillan and Co. 1911 Contents Preface. .2 Chapter I. The Burden Of Royalty. .6 § 1. Royal and Priestly Taboos. .6 § 2. Divorce of the Spiritual from the Temporal Power. 24 Chapter II. The Perils Of The Soul. 35 § 1. The Soul as a Mannikin. 35 § 2. Absence and Recall of the Soul. 39 § 3. The Soul as a Shadow and a Reflection. 93 Chapter III. Tabooed Acts. 122 § 1. Taboos on Intercourse with Strangers. 122 § 2. Taboos on Eating and Drinking. 138 § 3. Taboos on shewing the Face. 143 § 4. Taboos on quitting the House. 146 § 5. Taboos on leaving Food over. 150 Chapter IV. -
Sociolinguistics Study on Taboos
International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE) Volume 7, Issue 1, January 2020, PP 88-92 ISSN 2349-0373 (Print) & ISSN 2349-0381 (Online) http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0381.0701010 www.arcjournals.org Sociolinguistics Study on Taboos Fan Mengxun* Department of Foreign Language, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong city, Sichuan Province, China. *Corresponding Author: Fan Mengxun, Department of Foreign Language, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong city, Sichuan Province, China. Abstract: Language should be used to learn is one of the research scope of pragmatics, in terms with science, the pragmatic comparative study between different language is a kind of commonly used research techniques. Context is one of the core concepts of pragmatics. Interpersonal communication depends on specific context, context directly affects the people to the use of words and reason. The appropriateness of some specific speech ACTS must be judged according to the context in which they are used. People have social attributes, and their lives are restricted and regulated by the society. People in social activities, often will encounter many sensitive issues, or embarrassing situation of difficult, this is taboo. It is like a free form the yoke of bondage in people's language and behavior. In the process of language communication, taboo people say or write some words or words, is a taboo language; Words that are forbidden or taboo to say or write are taboo words. Taboos are a reflection of human society and culture. As an inseparable part of language, taboos can be studied by pragmatics, that is, by comparing the taboos between different languages and understanding and expressing them in specific contexts. -
The Ideal of Lucretia in Augustan Latin Poetry
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2013-05-07 The Ideal of Lucretia in Augustan Latin Poetry Waters, Alison Waters, A. (2013). The Ideal of Lucretia in Augustan Latin Poetry (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/28172 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/705 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY The Ideal of Lucretia in Augustan Latin Poetry by Alison Ferguson Waters A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF GREEK AND ROMAN STUDIES CALGARY, ALBERTA MAY 2013 © Alison Ferguson Waters 2013 ii Abstract This study concerns the figure of Lucretia as she is presented by the Roman historian Livy in the first book of Ab Urbe Condita, where she is intended as an example of virtue, particularly in terms of her attention to woolworking. To find evidence for this ideal and how it was regarded at the time, in this study a survey is made of woolworking references in the contemporary Augustan poets Vergil, Tibullus, Propertius and Ovid. Other extant versions of the Lucretia legend do not mention woolworking; Livy appears to have added Lucretia’s devotion to wool, a tradition in keeping with Augustan propaganda. -
The Evolution of the Roman Calendar Dwayne Meisner, University of Regina
The Evolution of the Roman Calendar Dwayne Meisner, University of Regina Abstract The Roman calendar was first developed as a lunar | 290 calendar, so it was difficult for the Romans to reconcile this with the natural solar year. In 45 BC, Julius Caesar reformed the calendar, creating a solar year of 365 days with leap years every four years. This article explains the process by which the Roman calendar evolved and argues that the reason February has 28 days is that Caesar did not want to interfere with religious festivals that occurred in February. Beginning as a lunar calendar, the Romans developed a lunisolar system that tried to reconcile lunar months with the solar year, with the unfortunate result that the calendar was often inaccurate by up to four months. Caesar fixed this by changing the lengths of most months, but made no change to February because of the tradition of intercalation, which the article explains, and because of festivals that were celebrated in February that were connected to the Roman New Year, which had originally been on March 1. Introduction The reason why February has 28 days in the modern calendar is that Caesar did not want to interfere with festivals that honored the dead, some of which were Past Imperfect 15 (2009) | © | ISSN 1711-053X | eISSN 1718-4487 connected to the position of the Roman New Year. In the earliest calendars of the Roman Republic, the year began on March 1, because the consuls, after whom the year was named, began their years in office on the Ides of March. -
Ave Developed a General Understanding That the Origins of Sports Activitieslie Rooted in the Cults of Antiquity
ge. DOCUMENT RESUME ED 129 827 SP 010 544 AUTHOR Eisen, George TITLE The Role of Women in Ancient Fertility Cults andthe Origin of Sports. PUB DATE Jun 76 NOTE 11p.; Paper presented to the Annual Conventionof North American Society for Sport History (4th, Eugene, Oregon, June 16-19, 1976) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC-$1.67 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Ancient History; *Athletics; Dance; *Mythology; *Religious Factors; Social History; Wouens Athletics; *Womens Studies IDENTIFIERS Agricultural Cults; *Fertility Cults; Sport History ABSTRACT Sports historians have developed a general understanding that the origins of sports activitieslie rooted in the cults of antiquity. More specifically, it can be seenthat ancient religious customs and festivals in honor of fertilitygoddesses were transformed into sports activities in which womenfigured prominently. Throughout the Mediterranean basin, cultsof the Earth Mother (Magna Mater, Gain, Isis, Demeter) wereclosely associated with fertility and agriculture. Festivals heldin honor of these goddesses involved singing, acrobatic dancing,and racing. Women, as devotees of these deities, were the majorparticipants in bare-foot fertility races, ball games, and cult rituals,which later developed into nonreligious folk games. It wouldthus seem that women's contributions to the development of sports and games were more important than previously acknowledged by scholars. (NB) *********************************************************************** * Documents acquired by ERIC include manyinformal unpublished * * materials not available-from othersources.,ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain-tte-best copyavailable:,Neverthelesm..iteisof murginal * * reproducibility are.often encounterdd andthistffectsc,tthe quality .*'. * of the:microfiche andhardcopy'reproductionstEiIUkei'-available_ * * via the:ERIC Document Reproduction-Service'.1EDR$W:168S%is not * responsible for the-quality ofthe:originak:do00entReproductions:, * supplfed by EDRS-are the .best-that canbelaide2ficin'the,original.;_. -
ASC History Timeline 1919-2019
American Society of Cinematographers Historical Timeline DRAFT 8/31/2018 Compiled by David E. Williams February, 1913 — The Cinema Camera Club of New York and the Static Camera Club of America in Hollywood are organized. Each consists of cinematographers who shared ideas about advancing the art and craft of moviemaking. By 1916, the two organizations exchange membership reciprocity. They both disband in February of 1918, after five years of struggle. January 8, 1919 — The American Society of Cinematographers is chartered by the state of California. Founded by 15 members, it is dedicated to “advancing the art through artistry and technological progress … to help perpetuate what has become the most important medium the world has known.” Members of the ASC subsequently play a seminal role in virtually every technological advance that has affects the art of telling stories with moving images. June 20, 1920 — The first documented appearance of the “ASC” credential for a cinematographer in a theatrical film’s titles is the silent western Sand, produced by and starring William S. Hart and shot by Joe August, ASC. November 1, 1920 — The first issue of American Cinematographer magazine is published. Volume One, #1, consists of four pages and mostly reports news and assignments of ASC members. It is published twice monthly. 1922 — Guided by ASC members, Kodak introduced panchromatic film, which “sees” all of the colors of the rainbow, and recorded images’ subtly nuanced shades of gray, ranging from the darkest black to the purest white. The Headless Horseman is the first motion picture shot with the new negative. The cinematographer is Ned Van Buren, ASC. -
A Story of Five Amazons Brunilde S
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Faculty Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Research and Scholarship 1974 A Story of Five Amazons Brunilde S. Ridgway Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Custom Citation Ridgway, Brunilde S. 1974. A Story of Five Amazons. American Journal of Archaeology 78:1-17. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs/79 For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Story of Five Amazons* BRUNILDE SISMONDO RIDGWAY PLATES 1-4 THEANCIENT SOURCE dam a sua quisqueiudicassent. Haec est Polycliti, In a well-knownpassage of his book on bronze proximaab ea Phidiae, tertia Cresilae,quarta Cy- sculpturePliny tells us the story of a competition donis, quinta Phradmonis." among five artists for the statue of an Amazon This texthas been variously interpreted, emended, (Pliny NH 34.53): "Venereautem et in certamen and supplementedby trying to identifyeach statue laudatissimi,quamquam diversis aetatibusgeniti, mentionedby Pliny among the typesextant in our quoniamfecerunt Amazonas, quae cum in templo museums. It may thereforebe useful to review Dianae Ephesiaedicarentur, placuit eligi probatis- brieflythe basicpoints made by the passage,before simam ipsorum artificum, qui praesenteserant examining the sculpturalcandidates. iudicio,cum apparuitearn esse quam omnes secun- i) The Competition.The mention of a contest * The following works will be quoted in abbreviated form: von Bothmer D. -
Representing Roman Female Suicide. Phd Thesis
GUILT, REDEMPTION AND RECEPTION: REPRESENTING ROMAN FEMALE SUICIDE ELEANOR RUTH GLENDINNING, BA (Hons) MA Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy DECEMBER 2011 Abstract This thesis examines representations of Roman female suicide in a variety of genres and periods from the history and poetry of the Augustan age (especially Livy, Ovid, Horace, Propertius and Vergil), through the drama and history of the early Principate (particularly Seneca and Tacitus), to some of the Church fathers (Tertullian, Jerome and Augustine) and martyr acts of Late Antiquity. The thesis explores how the highly ambiguous and provocative act of female suicide was developed, adapted and reformulated in historical, poetic, dramatic and political narratives. The writers of antiquity continually appropriated this controversial motif in order to comment on and evoke debates about issues relating to the moral, social and political concerns of their day: the ethics of a voluntary death, attitudes towards female sexuality, the uses and abuses of power, and traditionally expected female behaviour. In different literary contexts, and in different periods of Roman history, writers and thinkers engaged in this same intellectual exercise by utilising the suicidal female figure in their works. ii Acknowledgments I would like to thank the Arts and Humanities Research Council for providing the financial assistance necessary for me to carry out this research. The Roman Society also awarded a bursary that allowed me to undertake research at the Fondation Hardt pour I'etude de I'antiquite classique, in Geneva, Switzerland (June 2009). I am also grateful for the CAS Gender Histories bursary award which aided me while making revisions to the original thesis. -
Spiritual Aftereffects of Incongruous Near-Death Experiences: a Heuristic Approach
SPIRITUAL AFTEREFFECTS OF INCONGRUOUS NEAR-DEATH EXPERIENCES: A HEURISTIC APPROACH A dissertation presented to the Faculty of Saybrook University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Human Sciences by Robert Waxman San Francisco, California November 2012 UMI Number: 3552161 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3552161 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 UMI Number: All rights reserved © 2012 by Robert Waxman Approval of the Dissertation SPIRITUAL AFTEREFFECTS OF INCONGRUOUS NEAR-DEATH EXPERIENCES: A HEURISTIC APPROACH This dissertation by Robert Waxman has been approved by the committee members below, who recommend it be accepted by the faculty of Saybrook University in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Human Sciences Dissertation Committee: ______________________________ ________________________ Robert McAndrews, Ph.D., Chair Date ______________________________ ________________________ Stanley Krippner, Ph.D. Date ______________________________ ________________________ Willson Williams, Ph.D. Date ii Abstract SPIRITUAL AFTEREFFECTS OF INCONGRUOUS NEAR-DEATH EXPERIENCES: A HEURISTIC APPROACH Robert Waxman Saybrook University Many individuals have experienced a transformation of their spirituality after a near-death experience (NDE). -
Supplementary Table 1
Supplementary material BMJ Global Health Supplementary Table 1: Focus Terms Health promotion topic “acquired immune deficiency syndrome” OR “AIDS” OR “asthma*” OR “breast feeding” OR “blood pressure” OR “bronchitis” OR “cancer” OR “cardiovascular disease” OR “child health” OR “cholera” OR “chronic kidney disease” OR “chronic lung disease” OR “COPD” OR “Diabet*” OR “HIV” OR “human immunodeficiency virus” OR “heart disease” OR “hypertension” OR “immune*” OR “infant health” OR “iodine” OR “leprosy” OR “malari*” OR “maternal health” OR “NCD” OR “non- communicable disease*” OR “nutrition” OR “polio” OR “pneumonia” OR “rehydration” OR “respiratory disease” OR “sex*” OR “schistosomiasis” OR “smallpox” OR “stroke” OR “syphilis” OR “TB” OR “tetanus” OR “trachoma” OR “tuberculosis” OR “vaccination” OR “vitamin” OR “zoono*” AND Arts and practices “artisan” OR “carving” OR “ceramic” OR “collage” OR “comedy” OR “comic” OR “cultur*” OR “danc*” OR “digital” OR “drama” OR “draw*” OR “film” OR “folk media” OR “game*” OR “literature” OR “music” OR “paint*” OR “photog*” OR “play” OR “poem” OR “poet*” OR “poster*” OR “pottery” OR “sing” OR “song” OR “story” OR “theatre” OR “writing” AND Location “Abyssinia “ OR “Africa” OR “Sub-Saharan Africa” OR “Angola” OR “Bechuanaland” OR “Benin” OR “Botswana” OR “British Central Africa” OR “Burkina Faso” OR “Burundi” OR “Cabo Verde” OR “Cameroon” OR “Cape Verde” OR “Central African Republic” OR “Chad” OR “Comoros” OR “Costa da Pimentia (Pepper Coast)” OR “Dahomey” OR “Democratic Republic of the Congo” OR “Djibouti” OR -
The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus
The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus ‘A thesis submitted to the University of Wales Trinity Saint David in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy’ 2016 Jillian Mitchell For Michael – and in memory of my father Kenneth who started it all Abstract for PhD Thesis in Classics The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus This thesis explores the last decades of legal paganism in the Roman Empire of the second half of the fourth century CE through the eyes of Symmachus, orator, senator and one of the most prominent of the pagans of this period living in Rome. It is a religious biography of Symmachus himself, but it also considers him as a representative of the group of aristocratic pagans who still adhered to the traditional cults of Rome at a time when the influence of Christianity was becoming ever stronger, the court was firmly Christian and the aristocracy was converting in increasingly greater numbers. Symmachus, though long known as a representative of this group, has only very recently been investigated thoroughly. Traditionally he was regarded as a follower of the ancient cults only for show rather than because of genuine religious beliefs. I challenge this view and attempt in the thesis to establish what were his religious feelings. Symmachus has left us a tremendous primary resource of over nine hundred of his personal and official letters, most of which have never been translated into English. These letters are the core material for my work. I have translated into English some of his letters for the first time.