Combustion in Pre-Industrial English Literature
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Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Prof. Dr J. Clifford Jones Download free books at Clifford Jones Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 2 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature 1st edition © 2016 Clifford Jones & bookboon.com ISBN 978-87-403-1208-9 Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 3 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents Contents Preface 12 Dedication 14 1 Wace (approx. 1100–1174) 15 2 John Gower (1330–1408) 16 3 Geoffrey Chaucer (1343–1400) 18 4 Thomas Malory (1405–1471) 22 5 Stephen Hawes (c. 1474–1521) 23 6 Richard Tottel (1530–1594) 24 7 Thomas Sackville (1536–1608) 25 www.sylvania.com We do not reinvent the wheel we reinvent light. Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of possibilities: Innovative technologies and new markets provide both opportunities and challenges. An environment in which your expertise is in high demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere within our global group and benefit from international career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close cooperation with other specialists and contribute to influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing light every day. Light is OSRAM Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 4 Click on the ad to read more Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 8 Edmund Spenser (1552–1599) 26 9 Sir Philip Sidney (1554–1586) 29 10 George Peele (1556–1596) 30 11 Thomas Kyd (1558–1594) 31 12 Thomas Lodge (1558–1625) 33 13 Robert Greene (1558–1592) 34 360° 14 Anthony Munday (1560–1633) 35 thinking 15 Thomas Hariot (1560–1621) 360° 36 . 16 Sir Francis Bacon (1561–1626) thinking. 37 17 Michael Drayton (1563–1631) 40 360° thinking . 360° thinking. Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities. Discover the truth at www.deloitte.ca/careers © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities. Download free eBooks at bookboon.com © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities. Discover the truth5 at www.deloitte.ca/careersClick on the ad to read more © Deloitte & Touche LLP and affiliated entities. Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 18 Christopher Marlowe (1564–1593) 41 19 William Shakespeare (1564–1616) 44 20 Thomas Campion (1567–1620) 60 21 Sir John Davies (1569–1626) 62 22 Thomas Heywood (1570–1641) 63 23 Thomas Dekker (1570–1632) 64 24 John Donne (1572–1631) 65 25 Ben Jonson (1572–1637) 70 26 Thomas Coryat (1577–1617) 72 27 John Webster (1578–1632) 74 We will turn your CV into an opportunity of a lifetime Do you like cars? Would you like to be a part of a successful brand? Send us your CV on We will appreciate and reward both your enthusiasm and talent. www.employerforlife.com Send us your CV. You will be surprised where it can take you. Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 6 Click on the ad to read more Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 28 Thomas Middleton (1580–1627) 76 29 John Smith (1580–1631) 80 30 Robert Herrick (1591–1674) 81 31 Thomas Carew (1595–1640) 82 32 Martin Parker (1600–1656) 84 33 Thomas Browne (1605–1682) 85 34 John Milton (1608–1674) 87 35 Sir John Suckling (1609–1641) 91 36 James Harrington (1611–1677) 92 37 Anne Bradstreet (1612–1672) 93 AXA Global Graduate Program Find out more and apply Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 7 Click on the ad to read more Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 38 Samuel Butler (1613–1680) 94 39 Richard Lovelace (1617–1657) 95 40 Abraham Cowley (1618–1667) 96 41 Andrew Marvell (1621–1678) 97 42 Margaret Cavendish (1623–1673) 98 43 John Bunyan (1628–1688) 102 44 Aphra Behn (1640–1689) 104 45 Daniel Defoe (1660–1731) 106 46 Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) 118 47 Nicholas Rowe (1674–1718) 121 48 Alexander Pope (1688–1744) 122 49 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689–1762) 124 50 Samuel Richardson (1689–1761) 125 51 George Lillo (1691–1739) 128 52 Eliza Haywood (1693–1756) 129 53 Françoise de Graffigny (1695–1758) 131 54 Stephen Duck (1705–1756) 132 55 Henry Fielding (1707–1754) 133 56 Samuel Johnson (1709–1784) 135 57 Laetitia Pilkington (1709–1750) 137 Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 8 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 58 Sarah Fielding (1710–1768) 138 59 Lawrence Sterne (1713–1768) 139 60 Yosa Buson (1716–1784) 141 61 Sir Horace Walpole (1717–1797) 143 62 Tobias Smollet (1721–1771) 144 63 Sarah Scott (1720–1795) 147 64 Christopher Smart (1722–1771) 148 65 Frances Sheridan (1724–1766) 149 66 Frances Brooke (1724–1789) 150 67 Oliver Goldsmith (1728–1774) 151 68 William Cowper (1731–1800) 152 69 Thomas Paine (1737–1809) 153 70 Eliza Parsons (1739–1811) 155 71 James Boswell (1740–1795) 156 72 Johann David Wyss (1743–1818) 158 73 Olaudah Equiano a.k.a. Gustavus Vassa (1745–1797) 160 74 Henry MacKenzie (1745–1831) 162 75 Hugh Henry Brackenridge (1748–1816) 164 76 Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751–1816) 166 77 Frances Burney (1752–1840) 168 Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 9 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 78 Philip Freneau (1752–1832) 170 79 Elizabeth Inchbald (1753–1821) 171 80 George Crabbe (1754–1832) 173 81 Robert Kerr (1755–1813) 174 82 William Blake (1757–1827) 178 83 Mary Robinson (1757–1800) 181 84 Ryokan (1758–1831) 183 85 Robert Burns (1759–1796) 184 86 Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797) 188 87 William Beckford (1760–1844) 190 88 Susanna Rowson (1762–1824) 192 89 Ann Radcliffe (1764–1823) 193 90 Maria Edgeworth (1768–1849) 196 91 Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821) 197 92 William Wordsworth (1770–1850) 198 93 Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832) 200 94 Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772–1834) 205 95 Josiah Quincy (1772–1864) 207 96 Robert Southey (1774–1843) 209 97 Jane Austen (1775–1817) 211 Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 10 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Contents 98 Matthew Lewis (1775–1818) 214 99 Edward Augustus Kendall (1776–1842) 215 100 Francis Scott Key (1779–1843) 216 101 Frances Trollope (1779–1863) 218 Concluding remarks 221 Endnotes 222 Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 11 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Preface Preface During a period of sick leave from the University of Aberdeen in 2012 I wrote ‘The Sherlock Holmes Stories and Combustion Science’. It did reasonably well in terms of reviews. This book is on a grander scale altogether, and I was conscious when I started it of a major disadvantage: whereas by the time I started the book on the Sherlock Holmes stories I was familiar with all of them – I had been a Sherlock Holmes enthusiast for decades – I am not acquainted at more than layman’s level, if that, with the authors who feature in this book, the scope of which extends across eight centuries. Counterbalancing this were two factors: ready availability of the works I planned to cover by electronic means, and an interest in the history of fuels and energy which, even before the Sherlock Holmes tome, led to a few publications by way of articles and commentaries. Anyway I decided to have a go and this book is the result. Numerous times when preparing the book I have noted an account of matters relevant to fuels and combustion which had clearly been closely observed centuries ago which can now be interpreted on the basis of modern ideas. This has perhaps been my greatest satisfaction in the writing of the book and might I hope be an appealing feature to potential readers. Inevitably there are some authors who feature centrally in this book, including William Shakespeare himself. There are several others of whom I had never heard before I started the book, and references to their work are not as extensive. I see this as inevitable, and representative of the contributions of the respective authors who, as noted, range enormously in period. The electronic sources of the books referred to sometimes, in the case of the earlier works drawn on, differed from the originals through modernisation of the English. I did not see that as important for the purpose of this book: if for example fire is spelt ‘fyre’ in the original that does not make my work as an exegete more difficult (quite the opposite!) or, more importantly, the inferences less sound. This is especially so of the earlier works covered, notably those of Chaucer, where the ‘interlinear’ versions of his work where accessible have been of great help. ‘Industrialisation’ is usually considered to have begun in about 1760, although it is not as clear-cut as that. One point which emerges in this book is that ingenuity was applied to operations in times long before movement of the population to centres of manufacturing. Even so, consistently with the usual definition no author features in this book who was born later than the 1770s. (It is to the author’s regret that this upper limit of date of birth precludes inclusion of Shelley, who was born in 1792, and of Byron, who was born in 1788.) The matter concerning the ‘timeline’ applies especially to the issue of coal production and utilisation where any historical demarcation between pre- and post-industrial is very indistinct. Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 12 Combustion In Pre-Industrial English Literature Preface The author has cited the url’s for all of the illustrations in this book, none of which to his knowledge is outside the public domain. A reader identifying an illustration where an acknowledgement is due is asked to contact author and publisher who, as is possible with an electronic book, will make the acknowledgement retroactively.