Behavioral Differences Among Three Species of Weevil in the Genus
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Spotted Knapweed Centaurea Stoebe Ssp. Micranthos (Gugler) Hayek
spotted knapweed Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek Synonyms: Acosta maculosa auct. non Holub, Centaurea biebersteinii DC., C. maculosa auct. non Lam, C. maculosa ssp. micranthos G. Gmelin ex Gugler Other common names: None Family: Asteraceae Invasiveness Rank: 86 The invasiveness rank is calculated based on a species’ ecological impacts, biological attributes, distribution, and response to control measures. The ranks are scaled from 0 to 100, with 0 representing a plant that poses no threat to native ecosystems and 100 representing a plant that poses a major threat to native ecosystems. Description Ecological Impact Spotted knapweed is a biennial to short-lived perennial Impact on community composition, structure, and plant. Stems are 30½ to 91 cm tall and generally interactions: Spotted knapweed often forms dense branched. Rosette leaves are compound with several stands in natural communities. Infestations reduce the irregularly lobed segments. Stem leaves are alternate, 5 vigor of native plants, decrease the species diversity of to 15 cm long, more or less hairy, and resin-dotted. plant communities, and degrade the forage quality of Lower stem leaves are narrowly divided, while the wildlife habitats. Winter-ranging elk may avoid foraging upper stem leaves are undivided. Flower heads are 19 to in spotted knapweed dominated communities (Rice et al. 25½ mm wide and are composed of purple disc florets 1997). Knapweeds are allelopathic, inhibiting the (Royer and Dickinson 1999, Whitson et al. 2000). establishment and growth of surrounding vegetation (Whitson et al. 2000). Impact on ecosystem processes: Infestations of spotted knapweed have been shown to increase the erosion of topsoil. -
Integrated Weed Control Project Western WA
Integrated Weed Control Project – Western Washington Non-native invasive plant species threaten biological diversity, decrease forage and habitat for wildlife and livestock, increase wind and water erosion and decrease land values throughout Washington. Many years of manual and chemical control are required to impact large infested areas, which results in significant expenses for landowners and public agencies. Biological control offers an inexpensive control method that can provide long-term weed suppression. Biocontrol agents are self-perpetuating and can disperse to new and undetected weed infestations or those difficult to reach with other control practices. J.Andreas Although it can take agents several years to establish and begin impacting weed infestations, biocontrol is often a highly effective tool and in many cases is the best management option. Stem-mining beetle on Dalmatian toadflax. WSU Extension heads the Integrated Weed Control Project (IWCP) aimed at promoting the use of biocontrol agents for invasive plant management. Project Goals: • Establish biocontrol agents and manage them on a statewide scale to suppress noxious weeds. • Increase public awareness of the benefits and appropriate use of biocontrol as part of an integrated management strategy. • Foster and expand the westside component of the statewide project by providing biocontrol agents, information and expertise to land-managers from county, state and federal agencies, conservation organizations, tribes and private and industry landowners. IWCP in Thurston County County Highlights! The IWCP partners with the Thurston • An hour-long television County Noxious Weed Control Program to special featuring the provide biocontrol education and TCNWCP, The Nature implementation in the region. The TCNWCP Conservancy and the finds suitable release sites through field IWCP aired on Thurston surveys and works with IWCP personnel County TV over 20 times to redistribute biocontrol agents throughout since July 2007. -
Native Plant Establishment Success Influenced Yb Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea Stoebe) Control Method
Grand Valley State University ScholarWorks@GVSU Funded Articles Open Access Publishing Support Fund 2014 Native Plant Establishment Success Influenced yb Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) Control Method Laurelin M. Martin Grand Valley State University Neil W. MacDonald Grand Valley State University, [email protected] Tami E. Brown Grand Valley State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/oapsf_articles Part of the Biology Commons ScholarWorks Citation Martin, Laurelin M.; MacDonald, Neil W.; and Brown, Tami E., "Native Plant Establishment Success Influenced by Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) Control Method" (2014). Funded Articles. 15. https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/oapsf_articles/15 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Access Publishing Support Fund at ScholarWorks@GVSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Funded Articles by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@GVSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RESEARCH ARTICLE Native Plant Establishment Success Influenced by Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe) Control Method Laurelin M. Martin, Neil W. MacDonald and Tami E. Brown ABSTRACT Invasive species frequently need to be controlled as part of efforts to reestablish native species on degraded sites. While the effectiveness of differing control methods are often reported, the impacts these methods have on the establishment of a native plant community are often unknown. To determine methods that effectively reduce spotted knapweed (Cen- taurea stoebe) while enhancing native species establishment, we tested 12 treatment combinations consisting of an initial site preparation (mowing, mowing + clopyralid, or mowing + glyphosate), in factorial combination with annual adult knapweed hand pulling and/or burning. We established 48 plots and applied site preparation treatments during summer 2008, seeded 23 native forbs and grasses during spring 2009, pulled adult knapweed annually from 2009–2012, and burned in the early spring 2012. -
Terrestrial Insects: a Hidden Biodiversity Crisis? 1
Chapter 7—Terrestrial Insects: A Hidden Biodiversity Crisis? 1 Chapter 7 Terrestrial Insects: A Hidden Biodiversity Crisis? C.H. Dietrich Illinois Natural History Survey OBJECTIVES Like most other elements of the biota, the terrestrial insect fauna of Illinois has undergone drastic change since European colonization of the state. Although data are sparse or entirely lacking for most species, it is clear that many formerly abundant native species are now exceedingly rare while a few previously uncommon or undocumented species, both native and exotic, are now abundant. Much of this change may be attributable to fragmentation and loss of native habitats (e.g., deforestation, draining of wetlands, agricultural conversion and intensification, urbanization), although other factors such as invasion by exotic species (including plants, insects and pathogens), misuse of pesticides, and improper management of native ecosystems have probably also been involved. Data from Illinois and elsewhere in the north temperate zone provide evidence that at least some groups of terrestrial insects have undergone dramatic declines over the past several decades, suggesting that insects are no less vulnerable to anthropogenic environmental change than other groups of organisms Yet, insects continue to be under-represented on official lists of threatened or endangered species and conservation programs focus primarily on vertebrates and plants. This chapter summarizes available information on long-term changes in the terrestrial insect fauna of Illinois, reviews possible causes for these changes, highlights some urgent research needs, and provides recommendations for conservation and management of terrestrial insect communities. INTRODUCTION Insects are among the most important “little things that run the world” (1). -
Environmental Assessment Twin Falls District Noxious Weed and Invasive
United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Environmental Assessment Twin Falls District Noxious Weed and Invasive Plant Treatment DOI-BLM-ID-T000-2012-0001-EA U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Twin Falls District 2878 Addison Avenue East Twin Falls, ID 83301 Phone: (208) 735-2060 FAX: (208) 735-2076 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 - PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION .............................................................. 13 Background ............................................................................................................................... 13 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 14 Location of Proposed Action ................................................................................................ 15 Purpose and Need for Action .................................................................................................... 19 Conformance with Applicable Land Use Plans ........................................................................ 19 FMDA ................................................................................................................................... 20 Jarbidge RMP........................................................................................................................ 20 Craters of the Moon Monument MP ..................................................................................... 21 Owyhee Canyonlands Wilderness -
Development of Biological Agents for Invasive Species Control 6
MD-13-SP009B4T Martin O’Malley, Governor Darrell B. Mobley, Acting Secretary Anthony G. Brown, Lt. Governor Melinda B. Peters, Administrator STATE HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH REPORT DEVELOPMENT OF BENEFICIAL BIOLOGICAL AGENTS FOR INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL ROBERT B. TRUMBULE MARYLAND DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SP009B4T FINAL REPORT May 2013 The contents of this report reflect the views of the author who is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Maryland State Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. MD-13-SP009B4T 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date May 2013 Development of Biological Agents for Invasive Species Control 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author/s 8. Performing Organization Report No. Robert B. Trumbule 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Maryland Department of Agriculture 11. Contract or Grant No. 50 Harry S Truman Parkway. Annapolis, MD 21401 SP009B4T 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report Maryland State Highway Administration 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Office of Policy & Research 707 North Calvert Street (7120) STMD - MDOT/SHA Baltimore MD 21202 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract Noxious and invasive weeds readily colonize disturbed areas and outcompete and displace native and other desirable vegetation. This can result in a loss of pollinators (i.e. animals such as birds, bees, and other insects that move pollen between plants making them very important to plant reproduction), wildlife food and nesting resources, and decrease biodiversity in general. -
Milk Thistle
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF EXOTIC T RU E T HISTL E S RACHEL WINSTON , RICH HANSEN , MA R K SCH W A R ZLÄNDE R , ER IC COO M BS , CA R OL BELL RANDALL , AND RODNEY LY M FHTET-2007-05 U.S. Department Forest September 2008 of Agriculture Service FHTET he Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 Tby the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA, Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ On the cover: Italian thistle. Photo: ©Saint Mary’s College of California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for information only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. -
Multi-Trophic Level Interactions Between the Invasive Plant
MULTI-TROPHIC LEVEL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE INVASIVE PLANT CENTAUREA STOEBE, INSECTS AND NATIVE PLANTS by Christina Rachel Herron-Sweet A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Land Resources and Environmental Sciences MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana May 2014 ©COPYRIGHT by Christina Rachel Herron-Sweet 2014 All Rights Reserved ii DEDICATION To my parents and grandparents, who instilled in me the value of education and have been my biggest supporters along the way. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks go to my two advisers Drs. Jane Mangold and Erik Lehnhoff for all their tremendous support, advice and feedback during my graduate program. My two other committee members Drs. Laura Burkle and Jeff Littlefield also deserve a huge thank you for the time and effort they put into helping me with various aspects of my project. This research would not have been possible without the dedicated crew of field and lab helpers: Torrin Daniels, Darcy Goodson, Daniel France, James Collins, Ann de Meij, Noelle Orloff, Krista Ehlert, and Hally Berg. The following individuals deserve recognition for their patience in teaching me pollinator identification, and for providing parasitoid identifications: Casey Delphia, Mike Simanonok, Justin Runyon, Charles Hart, Stacy Davis, Mike Ivie, Roger Burks, Jim Woolley, David Wahl, Steve Heydon, and Gary Gibson. Hilary Parkinson and Matt Lavin also offered their expertise in plant identification. Statistical advice and R code was generously offered by Megan Higgs, Sean McKenzie, Pamela Santibanez, Dan Bachen, Michael Lerch, Michael Simanonok, Zach Miller and Dave Roberts. Bryce Christiaens, Lyn Huyser, Gil Gale and Craig Campbell provided instrumental consultation on locating field sites, and the Circle H Ranch, Flying D Ranch and the United States Forest Service graciously allowed this research to take place on their property. -
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO
Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area August 2015 CNHP’s mission is to preserve the natural diversity of life by contributing the essential scientific foundation that leads to lasting conservation of Colorado's biological wealth. Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University 1475 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523 (970) 491-7331 Report Prepared for: United States Air Force Academy Department of Natural Resources Recommended Citation: Smith, P., S. S. Panjabi, and J. Handwerk. 2015. Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan: US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area, El Paso County, CO. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Front Cover: Documenting weeds at the US Air Force Academy. Photos courtesy of the Colorado Natural Heritage Program © Integrated Noxious Weed Management Plan US Air Force Academy and Farish Recreation Area El Paso County, CO Pam Smith, Susan Spackman Panjabi, and Jill Handwerk Colorado Natural Heritage Program Warner College of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 August 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Various federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, orders, and policies require land managers to control noxious weeds. The purpose of this plan is to provide a guide to manage, in the most efficient and effective manner, the noxious weeds on the US Air Force Academy (Academy) and Farish Recreation Area (Farish) over the next 10 years (through 2025), in accordance with their respective integrated natural resources management plans. This plan pertains to the “natural” portions of the Academy and excludes highly developed areas, such as around buildings, recreation fields, and lawns. -
Exploring the Impact of Associational Effects on C. Pitcheri to Better Biological Control Practices Tina Czaplinska
Lawrence University Lux Lawrence University Honors Projects 5-31-2017 The eevW il Next Door: Exploring the impact of associational effects on C. pitcheri to better biological control practices Tina Czaplinska Follow this and additional works at: https://lux.lawrence.edu/luhp Part of the Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons © Copyright is owned by the author of this document. Recommended Citation Czaplinska, Tina, "The eW evil Next Door: Exploring the impact of associational effects on C. pitcheri to better biological control practices" (2017). Lawrence University Honors Projects. 105. https://lux.lawrence.edu/luhp/105 This Honors Project is brought to you for free and open access by Lux. It has been accepted for inclusion in Lawrence University Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of Lux. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Weevil Next Door Exploring the impact of associational effects on C. pitcheri to better biological control practices Tina M. Czaplinska Lawrence University ‘17 Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables….………………………………………………………….i Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………..ii Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………….1 Introduction Biological Control Overview………………………………………………..2 Associational Susceptibility Impact……………………………………..7 Study System………………………………………………………………………9 Research Objectives………………………………………………………….14 Materials and Methods Study Site………………………………………………………………………….15 Experimental Design…………………………………………………………16 Ethograms…………………………………………………………………………17 -
Montana Knapweeds
Biology, Ecology and Management of Montana Knapweeds EB0204 revised August 2017 Celestine Duncan, Consultant, Weed Management Services, Helena, MT Jim Story, Research Professor, retired, MSU Western Ag Research Center, Corvallis, MT Roger Sheley, former MSU Extension Weed Specialist, Bozeman, MT revised by Hilary Parkinson, former MSU Research Associate, and Jane Mangold, MSU Extension Invasive Plant Specialist Table of Contents Plant Biology . 3 SpeedyWeed ID . 5 Ecology . 4 Habitat . 4 Spread and Establishment Potential . 6 Damage Potential . 7 Origins, Current Status and Distribution . 8 Management Alternatives . 8 Prevention . 8 Mechanical Control . .9 Cultural Control . .10 Biological Control . .11 Chemical Control . .14 Integrated Weed Management (IWM) . 16 Additional Resources . 17 Acknowledgements . .19 COVER PHOTOS large - spotted knapweed by Marisa Williams, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, bugwood.org top inset - diffuse knapweed by Cindy Roche, bugwood.org bottom inset - Russain knapweed by Steve Dewey, Utah State University, bugwood.org Any mention of products in this publication does not constitute a recommendation by Montana State University Extension. It is a violation of Federal law to use herbicides in a manner inconsistent with their labeling. Copyright © 2017 MSU Extension The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Montana State University and Montana State University Extension prohibit discrimination in all of their programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital and family status. Issued in furtherance of cooperative extension work in agriculture and home economics, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Jeff Bader, Director of Extension, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717. -
Centaurea Stoebe Ssp. Micranthos
Species: Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cenmac/all.html SPECIES: Centaurea maculosa Introductory Distribution and occurrence Management Considerations Botanical and ecological characteristics Fire ecology Fire effects References INTRODUCTORY SPECIES: Centaurea maculosa AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION FEIS ABBREVIATION SYNONYMS NRCS PLANT CODE COMMON NAMES TAXONOMY LIFE FORM FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS OTHER STATUS AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION: Zouhar, Kris. 2001. Centaurea maculosa. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2007, September 24]. FEIS ABBREVIATION: CENMAC SYNONYMS: Centaurea biebersteinii DC. [82] Centaurea stoebe L. ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek [137] NRCS PLANT CODE [212]: CEBI2 1 of 58 9/24/2007 4:04 PM Species: Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/cenmac/all.html COMMON NAMES: spotted knapweed TAXONOMY: The scientific name for spotted knapweed is Centaurea maculosa Lam. (Asteraceae) [45,67,217,233]. Oschmann [137] suggests that in North America, the name Centaurea maculosa has been misapplied to Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos. The taxonomy of spotted knapweed is discussed in Ochsmann [137] and on the Centaurea website. Oschsmann [136] also cites evidence of hybridization between spotted and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) in at least 7 U.S. states. The hybrid is named Centaurea × psammogena Gayer. LIFE FORM: Forb FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS: No special status OTHER STATUS: Spotted knapweed has been declared a noxious or restricted weed in at least 15 states in the U.S. and 4 Canadian provinces [213].