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A Study On Folklore medicinal Plants in ChitrakootDham, Region of Uttar Pradesh, India. Ramesh Singh1. and Ranjalkar K.M.2 Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Bahua dehat, Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh- [email protected] Department of Botany, Late Pushpa devi Patil Arts & Science college, Rishod, Washim,Maharastra -444506. [email protected] ______Key words: Jari -Butis, Folklore medicinal plants Chitrakootdham, Tribal community, Pharmacognosy, TATA Arogyadham, Kol, Khairwar.
ABSTRACT- In India there are 705 tribal communities (As per census-2011),that cover 8.6% population of country, having age-old traditional knowledge through their long association with the forests for their various needs,. They have accumulated valuable knowledge on the use of wild plants in their daily life for food, fuel, fodder, clothing, health-care and other purposes . Much work is now being done on the botany, pharmacogcosy, chemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of these herbal drugs. The value of ethno medicine has been realized, work is being done on psychoactive plants, household remedies and plants sold by street drug vendors. Less well known ethno medicines have been identified that are used to treat/cure intestinal , joint, liver, skin and various other diseases of human beings.. INTRODUCTION- Traditional methods of treatment of different diseases using local plants and animals is called as folklore methods, that’s are predominant in rural as well as tribal communities of Chitrakootdham, That is administrative division of Uttar Pradesh India. It politically includes 4 districts like Chitrakoot, Banda, Hamirpur and Mahoba. Its headquarter is at Banda .Geographically this region is falls under Bundelkhand plateau, which spreads over two states like Uttar pradesh and Madhaya Pradesh. At this area actually Vindhayan range are going to end. As per its geographical position here moderate plant Biodiversity is found, where mostly deciduous trees, spiny shrubs are commonly found, however during rainy season and in the crop fields various grasses and herbaceous species are abundantly grows. Actually chitrakoot region is a famous pilgrims place /centre, which have religious, cultural, historical and archaeological importance. It is known for a number of temples and sites mentioned in Hindu scripts. A large number of tourists are known to come here from various states of India. But there is huge gathering at some special occasions like Amavasya, SomvatiAmavasya,
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Deepawali, Makarshankranti and Ramavmi. According to Ramayan mahakavya Lord Ram has spelt his most of exile period of Vanavas. Besides above mentioned importance Chitrakoot is also known to provide unique health facilities like “ Arogyadham” established by TATA have good collection of medicinal plants and Gankikund Trust eye hospital, which cure various problems of eyes in cheap cost. This is specially famous for cure “Motiavind“ problem of old age .Common tribal community of this region are gond,sahariya, khairwar,bhil, kol, etc. which commonly used their surrounding flora as Jari Butis to successfully treat various diseases. This ethnobotanical knowledge have been come down among them from generation to generation . Materials &Methds- For This Work/Study a survey was carried out among tribal communities of concerned area during 2017 to2018 in order to collect information on the medicinal uses of plants founds in chitrakoot region of Uttar Pradesh. The information was documented involving field study by contacting and interviewing of local/tribal community of various villages of concerned area . In this research/work we study totally 30 medicinal plant species of angiosperms belonging to 29 genera of 22 families.
. Fig -1 Cassia Tora L. (Sickle pod or Chakwand) at Pahadiya Khurdh Distt- Banda, U.P. Photo By- Ragini Singh.
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Fig- 2 Balanites Roxburghi Planch (1).( Ingudi or Hingot) at Karwi, Distt- Chitrakoot, U.P. Photo By- Kuldeep Kumar.
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The Data are documented as per following Table- :Table of studied Plants: S. Botanical name Family Vernacular Ethno- botanical No name importance . 1 Tephrosia purpurea Fabaceae Sarphonk Play an important role in (L.) Pers. orShaarphonka traditional medicine like wound healing, Anti- oxidant activity &anti diabetic.3 2 Cassia tora L. Caesalpinoideae Sickle pod or It is regarded as well chakvand traditional medicine as laxative and is useful for treatment of leprosy, ringworm infection, skin diseases and liver disorders4 3 Physalis minima L. Solanaceae Native Fruits and Flowers are gooseberry used in constipation and herb paste is applied in ear disorders. Fruits are used in preparation of sarbat given in gastric troubles.5 4 Phyllanthus niruri L. Phyllanthaceae Bhoomiamla Have various applications in traditional and folk medicines for treatment of various diseases like hepatitis, cough, menstrual problem &Dysentery.6. 5 Agave sisalana Asparagaceae Ramkand or Roots are edible and Perrine. kandmoolphal highly nutritious also provides fibre.6. 6 Combretum indicum Combretaceae Rangoon Popular traditional (L.) De Filipps. creeper medicine plant and is also grown as an ornamental hedge6. 7 Madhuca longifolia Sapotaceae Indian Butter Flowers are edible and oil (J.konig) J.F.Macbr tree is obtained from seeds which is useful in medicines to cure various diseases like Wound healing ,skin diseases
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&Rheumatism 7. 8 Ziziphus numularia Rhamnaceae Jharberi Fruits are edible and plants (Burm.f.)Wight&Arn. are good soil binder10 9 Croton tigliumL Euphorbiaceae Jamal gota The plant is being employed as a powerful laxative and as an oil to treat a wide range of skin problems6. 10 Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Rhamnaceae Jujube (Red Fruits are highly nutritious date) and edible& leaves are used in medicines9. 11 Limonia acidissima L. Rutaceae Wood Bark , Leaves and Fruits apple(Kaitha) have medicinal value, while fruits are edible and nutritious10. 12 Moringa oleifera Lam. Moringaceae Drumstic tree It also called as “The tree or Sahjan. of life” or “Miracle tree, which leaves has been reported to possess many pharmacological activities like Analgesic, anti- inflammatory etc11. 13 Diospyros Ebenaceae Tendupatta plant Leaves are used in making melanoxylonRoxb(1). Bidi cover& bark have antihyperglycemic&antipl asmodial activity 12. 14 Saccharum munja Poaceae Munja or It basically form the raw Roxb. Sarkanda material for manufacture of a variety of Handicrafts, furniture, paper making. Chemical extraction and carbon production are alsoconsidered13. 15 Balanites roxburghi Zygophyllaceae Ingudi or hingot Local people used its fruits Planch.(1) or Balanitaceae to clean the clothes & bark, fruits, seeds and leaves are used to cure various diseases like Woofing cough, skin diseases, Jaundice& infertility6. 16 Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae Satavari Plant Dried roots of the plant are Wild.(1) used as a drug to be tonic ,diuretic and healing effect14. 17 Ocimum sanctum L. Lamiaceae Tulsi (Holy Leaves are used to cure
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basil) Cough &common Cold15. 18 Chlorophytum Asparagaceae Safedmusli A Popular drug, which borivilianum root tubers are used for Santapau&R.R.fem. improving male sexual health. The water extract of the plant has shown similar activity hand has been found to be safe16. 19 Tinospora Cordifolia Menispermacea Giloy or A Drug plant commonly (Thunb.) Meirs e Gaduchi used to cure various types of fevers in human beings.17.
20 Aegle marmelosus (L.) Rutaceae Wood apple The aromatic pulp of large correa (2) (Bael) globose fruits is eaten and is a very good remedy for dysentery and other stomach troubles the pulp is also made into a drink22. 21 Nyctanthus arbor- Oleaceae Harsingar Widely used in the tristis L. (Parijat) traditional medicine Systems of India, has recently been reported to possesshepatoprotective, antileishmanial, antiviral& antifungal activities19. 22 Butea monosperma Fabaceae Flame of the The flowers yield a (Lam.) Taub. forest(Bastard fugitive orange red dye teak) called as gulal18. 23 Ipomea carnea Jace. Convolvulaceae Pink morning Good soil binder, used in glory (Beshram) soil conservation by farmers and leaves are used as folk medicine in traditional medicine system comprising, Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani .that is most effective in skin diseases&milky juice of the plant is advantageous in treatment of Leucoderma20. 24 Convolvulus Convolvulaceae Sankhpuspi(Pros It commonly mentioned in pluricaulis trate bind weed) Ayurveda as a rasayana
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which is mainly advocated for use in mental stimulation& rejuvenation therapy21. 25 Justicia adhatoda L. Acanthaceae Vasa or vasaka Leaves extract is used to cure cough In mixing with honey that have an alkaloid vaccine30. 26 Achyranthu saspera L. Amaranthaceae Chirchita Common drug used effectively in Antiperiodic,Diuretic, Purgative, Laxative and as a Hepato protective22. 27 Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae Castor or Erendi Castor oil obtained from seeds is used as purgative &is excellent lubricant especially for air plane engines. The leaves are applied to relieve headache and as a poultice for boils23.
28 Flueggea virosa Phyllanthaceae Bushweed Roots &fruits are (Roxb.ex.Wild) believed to be effective in snake bite remedy and fruits are eat by local peoples.1 29 Albizi aamara (Roxb.) Fabaceae Oil cake tree or The tree yields a gum used Boiv Lallei or against ulcers and fruits Krishna siris are said to cure Malaria and Cough4. 30 Prosopsis cineraria Fabaceae Khejri or Regarded as Symbol (L.) Druce Shammi of prosperity and money tree. Leaves are used in worship of Lord Shiva2.
Result & Conclusion- The present study detailed that the tribes have unique knowledge about their surrounding flora in regards various importance in their life specially medicinal importance and their use in various diseases. The tribes depends on these herbal practices in around the forest area. The tribal using of plants and knowledge of practice has come down through generations. There is a need to support
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indigenous practices of various medicinal plants with a vision of conservation and community development, by which not only tribal life will be upgraded but other citizens of our country will be benifited by use of these herbal medicines to cure various diseases without any side effects. of using allopathic medicines.
Fig-3- Tephrosia Purpurea. L. (Sarphonk or Silphonk ) at Benda ghat Distt- Banda, U.P. Photo By- Kuldeep Kumar
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT- The authors thanks to Principal Government Degree College ,Bahua Dehat, Fatehpur, U.P. Principal, Late PushpadeviPatil Arts & Science College, Risod M.H. and special thanks to the Director, TATA ArogyaDham, Gankikund Chtrakootdham Madhya Pradesh for their encouragement and providing facilities during this important study. We also thanks to those tribal people who cooperate us to share their traditional knowledge about these folklore medicinal plants regarding their medicinal as well as other importance.
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15-Shiva.M.Shanmungam K.R.2016. Ocimum Sanctum: A Review on the Pharmacological properties: IJBCP Volume5Nov 3. 16-Sudipta kumarRath&AsitkumarPanja2013.Clinical evaluation of root tubers of shwetamusli (chlorophytumborovilianum L.) and its effect on semen& testosterone:.Ayu2013 July-September; 34(3):273275.PMC39012593. 17-Sohan saha and Shyamshreeghosh 2012.Tinosporacordifolia: One Plant many roles, ,AncSci Life,31(4):151-159. 18-Singh V & D.K, Jain, 1995.Taxonomy of Angiosperms, Fifth Edition. New Delhi. 19-Anju Puri.R.Saxena, R.P.Saxena1994.Immunostimulant activity of Nyctanthesarbortristis L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 42, Issue1, Pp. 31-37. 20-Satish.A.Bhalerao and Nikhil.C.Teli 2016.IpomeacarneaJacq.Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry& Pharmacological potential; International Journal of current Research in Biosciences &Plant Biology Volume3, Pp.138-144. 21-Debjit Bhowmik, K.P. Sampath Kumar 2012.Traditional Indian Herbs; Convolvulus pluricaulis. And its medicinal importance: Journal of Pharmacognosy&Phytochemistry Vol.1 Pp.44-51. 22-PandeyM.M , S. Rastogi, A.K,Rawat. 2008. The International Journal of Alternative Medicine ,6(1);1-10 23-.Pandey B. P1995.A Text Book on Economic Botany. New Delhi. ------
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