Bertrand russell books pdf Continue British philosopher, mathematician, historian, writer, and activist The Right HonourableThe Earl RussellOM FRSRussell in November 1957Member of the House of LordsLord TemporalIn office4 March 1931 – 2 February 1970Hereditary PeeragePreceded byThe 2nd Earl RussellSucceeded byThe 4th Earl Russell Personal detailsBornBertrand Arthur William Russell(1872-05-18)18 May 1872Trellech, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom[note 1]Died2 February 1970(1970-02-02) (aged 97)Penrhyndeudraeth, Caernarfonshire, WalesNationalityBritishSpouse(s)Alys Pearsall Smith (m. 1894; div. 1921) Dora Black (m. 1921; div. 1935) Patricia Spence (m. 1936; div. 1952) [1]Edith Finch (m. 1952) EducationTrinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1893)AwardsDe Morgan Medal (1932)Sylvester Medal (1934)Nobel Prize in Literature (1950)Kalinga Prize (1957)Jerusalem Prize (1963)Philosophy careerEra20th-century philosophyRegionWestern philosophySchoolAnalytic philosophyAristotelianismEmpiricismLinguistic turnLogical atomismFoundationalism[2]LogicismPredicativismIndirect realism[3]Correspondence theory of truth[4]UtilitarianismInstitutionsTrinity College , Кембридж, Лондонская школа экономики, Чикагский университет, UCLAAcademic советникиДжеймс Уорд (5)A. N. WhiteheadDoctoral студентыЛудвиг Витгенштейн Еще заметные студентыРафаэль DemosMain интересы Эпистемология этики логики математики метафизики истории философии философии философии философии языка философии логики философии математики философии ума философии восприятия философии философии религии философии науки Философия социальной науки Аналитическая философия Аналитическая философия Автоматизированная теорема Доказывая Аксиома красноречивости Парикмахерская парадокс Берри имен Прямая теория справки »6» Двойное отрицание Эпистемический структурный реализм »7» Экзистенциальное заблуждение Неудача справки Знание знакомым и знанием описанием Логический атомизм (атомное предложение) Логическая форма Математическая логика Математическая логика Метаматематика Философская логика Предикативизм Предложение Анализ Процективный исчисление Наивный набор Теория Нейтральный монизм спряжение Рассел стиле вселенных Рассела парадокс Рассела чайник Рассела теории причинных линий »9» Расселиан изменения Расселиан предложения Расселиан зрения (рассел критика теории Meinong объектов) Сет-теоретические определения естественных чисел Синглтон Теория описаний Теория отношений Теория типа / Ramified тип теории Тенсор продукт графиков Peano Boole De Morgan11 Frege Cantor Kant 12 Santayana Meinong Spinoza James Mach'13 Hume 14 Leibniz Wittgenstein Whitehead Moore Stout Ward J. Ayer Rudolf Carnap'17 John von Neumann 18 Kurt G'del19 Karl Popper 20 W. V. Kwine 21 Noam Chomsky 22 Hilary Putnam23 Saul Kripke 24 Moritz Schock 25 Vienna Circle. L. Austin Kurt Grelling G. H. Hardy (Alfred Tarski) Norbert Vener Robert Oppenheimer Leon Chwistic as Jacob Bronowski. Ramsey (Jawaharlal Nehru) - Tariq Ali (Michael Albert) - Che Guevara (39) Bernard Williams Donald Davidson (40) Thomas Kuhn (41) - Christopher Hitchens (Richard Dawkins) Carl Sagan 45 Isaiah Berlin 46 Albert Ellis4 Martin Gardner 48 Daniel Dennett 49 Buckminster Fuller 50 Pervez Hoodbhoy 51 John Maynard Keynes James Joyce Kurt Vonnegut (James Joyce) Ray Kurzweil (57) Marvin Minsky (58) Herbert A. Simon (B. F. Skinner) John Searle Andrei Sakharov (62) Stephen Hawking (63) Joseph Rotblat Edward Said ( 65) Sydney Hook Frank Wilchek (Joseph Rotblat) Edward Said (65) Sydney Hook Frank Wilczek (Joseph Rotblat). C. Grayling Colin McGinn Txillardegi (Signature Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl russell OM FRS) (May 18, 1872 - February 2, 1970) was a British polymath, philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, public critic, politician and Nobel laureate. Throughout his life, Russell considered himself a liberal, a socialist and a pacifist, although he sometimes suggested that his skepticism had led him to feel that he had never been any of these things, in any deep sense. Russell was born in Monmouthshire to one of the most famous aristocratic families in the UK. In the early 20th century, Russell led The British revolt against idealism. He is considered one of the founders of analytical philosophy together with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, colleague G. E. Moore and protege Ludwig Wittgenstein. It is widely considered one of the best logic of the 20th century. Together with A.N. Whitehead, he wrote The Principle of Mathematics, an attempt to create a logical basis for mathematics, the quintessence of classical logic. His philosophical essay On Denotation was considered a paradigm of philosophy. His work had a significant impact on mathematics, logic, theory of reference, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive sciences, computer science (see type theory and type system) and philosophy, especially the philosophy of language, epistemology and metaphysics. Russell was a prominent anti-war activist, advocated for anti-imperialism and led the Indian League. He sometimes advocated a preventive nuclear war before passed, and he decided that he would be welcomed with the enthusiasm of the world government. He went to prison for his pacifism during World War I. In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in recognition of his varied and significant work in which he advocates for humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought. A biography of Russell's early life and prehistory as a four-year childhood home, Pembroke Lodge Bertrand Arthur William Russell was born on May 18, 1872, in Ravenscroft, Trent, Monmouthshire, Wales, to an influential and liberal family of the British aristocracy. His parents, Viscount and Viscountess Amberley, were radicalized for their time. Lord Amberley agreed to his wife's affair with their children's tutor, biologist Douglas Spalding. Both were early supporters of birth control at a time when it was considered scandalous. Lord Amberley was an atheist, and his atheism was evident when he asked the philosopher Jon Stewart Mill to impersonate the secular godfather Russell. Mill died a year after Russell was born, but his writings had a profound impact on Russell's life. His paternal grandfather, Earl Russell, twice asked queen Victoria to form a government, serving her as prime minister in the 1840s and 1860s. They established themselves as one of the leading British Whig families and participated in all the great political events from the dissolution of the monasteries in 1536-1540 to the Glorious Revolution in 1688-1689 and the Great Reforms Act in 1832. Lady Amberley was the daughter of Lord and Lady Stanley of Alderley. Russell often feared ridicule for his maternal grandmother, one of the women's education advocates. As a child and adolescence, Russell had two siblings: brother Frank (almost seven years older than Bertrand) and sister Rachel (four years older). In June 1874, Russell's mother died of diphtheria, which was soon followed by Rachel's death. In January 1876, his father died of bronchitis after a long period of depression. Frank and Bertrand were placed in the care of their loyal Victorian paternal grandparents who lived in Pembroke Lodge in Richmond Park. His grandfather, former Prime Minister Earl Russell, died in 1878 and was remembered by Russell as a kind old man in a wheelchair. His grandmother, Countess Russell (who is Lady Frances Elliot), was the dominant figure of the family for the rest of the childhood and adolescence. The Countess was from a Scottish Presbyterian family, and successfully applied to the Court of Chancery to postpone in her application a provision requiring children to be brought up as agnostics. Despite her religious conservatism, she held progressive views in other areas (accepting Darwinism and supporting Irish home rule), and her influence on Bertrand Russell's view of social justice and upholding the principle remained with him throughout his life. (One can dispute the view that Bertrand defended his principles based on his own famous quote, I will never die for my beliefs because I can be wrong.) His motto was her favorite Bible verse: Don't follow the set to do evil (Exodus 23:2). The atmosphere at Pembroke Lodge was one of frequent prayers, emotional repression and formalities; Frank reacted with an open revolt, but the young Bertrand learned to hide his feelings. Russell's teenage age was very lonely, and he often thought about suicide. In his autobiography, he noticed that his most acute interests were in nature and books, and (later) mathematics saved me from utter despondency; Only his desire to learn more math kept him from suicide. He was educated at home from a number of teachers. When Russell was eleven years old, his brother Frank introduced him to Euclid's work, which he described in his autobiography as one of the great events of my life, dazzling as first love. In his formative years, he also discovered the work of Percy Byshe Shelley. Russell wrote: I spent all my free time reading it, and studying it by heart, not knowing anyone I could talk to about what I thought or felt, I thought how wonderful it would be to know Shelley, and wonder whether I should meet any living person with whom I should feel so much sympathy. Russell claimed that, starting at the age of 15, he had spent considerable time thinking about the reality of Christian religious dogma, which he found very unconvincing. At this age he came to the conclusion that there is no free will and, two years later, that there is no life after death. Finally, at the age of 18, after reading Mill's