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De Estado a Civil. As Relações Matrimoniais Da Casa Imperial Do Brasil (1864-1944)

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De Estado a Civil. As Relações Matrimoniais Da Casa Imperial Do Brasil (1864-1944) PONTÍFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO PUC-SP Adel Igor dos Santos Cangueiro Romanov Pausini De Estado a Civil. As relações matrimoniais da Casa imperial do Brasil (1864-1944) MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS SÃO PAULO 2014 PONTÍFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO PUC-SP Adel Igor dos Santos Cangueiro Romanov Pausini De Estado a Civil. As relações matrimoniais da Casa imperial do Brasil (1864-1944) MESTRADO EM CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS Dissertação apresentada à Banca Examinadora da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, como exigência parcial para obtenção do título de MESTRE em Ciências Sociais, sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Guilherme Simões Gomes Júnior. SÃO PAULO 2014 ERRATA PAUSINI, Adel Igor R. De Estado a Civil: As relações matrimoniais da Casa Imperial do Brasil (1864-1944). 2014. 308 f. Dissertação de Mestrado. PEPG em Ciências Sociais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. Folha Linha Onde se lê Leia-se 03 05 subsumido Submetido 14 07 ceio Seio 229 13 VALLON VILLON Folha Linha Onde se lê Referencia da informação 15 17 aprisionamento (nota) COSTA, Sérgio Correa da. As Quatro coroas de D. Pedro I. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1995. 17 17 filhos (nota) AMARAL, J. O Roubo do príncipe, Salazar e o Casamento do Duque de Bragança. Lisboa, 2007. 20 27 1442 (nota) SERRÃO, J. V. História de Portugal. Lisboa: Verbo, 1978. 28 12 declarado (nota) SERRÃO, J. V. História de Portugal. Lisboa: Verbo, 1978. ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Paris: Gotha, 1764 -1944 - 46 Tabela anual. figuras lendárias 57 14 BRAGANÇA, C. T. de Saxe-Coburgo e. A Intriga. São (nota) Paulo: Senac, 2012. 73 Tabela ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. 141 13 rico (nota) ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. DEL PRIORE, Mary. O Príncipe Maldito. São Paulo: Ed. 142 23 Pedro Augusto (nota) Objetiva, 2007. 161 Genealogia ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. KENT, Princesa Michael de. Coroadas em terras distantes: 165 12 1789 (nota) triunfo, tragédia, paixão e poder na vida de oito princesas europeias. Entrevista de Genáro e Alessandro de Bourbon-Sicília, 174 10 filhos (nota) netos do conde de Caserta. felicidade doméstica 175 10 Entrevista de Pedro Carlos de Orléans e Bragança. (nota) 197 02 Leopoldo (nota) DEL PRIORE, Mary. Op. cit. Entrevista de Carlos Tasso de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança, 197 13 Saxe (nota) neto de Augusto Leopoldo. 202 4 irmã (nota) ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. DEL PRIORE, Mary. O Castelo de Papel. Rio de Janeiro: 208 23 Brasil (nota) Rocco, 2013. 210 14 Nobreza ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. RANGEL, Alberto. Gastão de Orléans, o último conde 219 25 Juventude (nota) d`Eu. São Paulo: Cia Nacional, 1935. MALATIAN, Teresa. Dom Luis de Orléans e Bragança, 242 05 imperador (nota) peregrino de impérios. São Paulo: Alameda, 2010. 1 242 08 governo (nota) Entrevista de Thereza de Orléans e Bragança Martorell. MALATIAN, Teresa. Dom Luis de Orléans e Bragança, 243 09 ferimentos (nota) peregrino de impérios. Op. cit. 288 Tabela ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Op. cit. BIBLIOGRAFIA (complemento) ALMANACH DE GOTHA. Lisboa: Gotha, 1764 -1944 - anual. ALMEIDA, Sylvia Lacerda Martins de. Uma filha de D. Pedro I: Dona Maria Amélia. São Paulo: Cia Editora Nacional, 1973. KENT, Princesa Michael de. Coroadas em Terras distantes: Triunfo, Tragédia Paixão e Poder na vida de oito princesas européias. São Paulo: Ambientes e Costumes, 2011. SERRÃO, Joaquim Veríssimo. História de Portugal. Lisboa: Verbo, 1978. MALATIAN, Teresa. Dom Luis de Orléans e Bragança, peregrino de impérios. São Paulo: Alameda, 2010. SKED, Alan. Declínio e Queda do Império Habsburgo: 1815-1918. Lisboa: Edições 70, 2008. VILLON, Victor. Elisabeth Dobrzensky von Dobrzenicz, "Imperatriz do Brasil". Rio de Janeiro: IBEM, 2010. ENTREVISTAS (informações adicionais) - BRAGANÇA, Bertrand de Orléans e. Tataraneto do imperador d. Pedro II. Entrevistas realizadas nos dias: 21/06/2008; 12/05/2010; 02/04, 07/06, 11/08/2012 na sede do Pró- Monarquia em São Paulo. - BRAGANÇA, Carlos T. de Saxe C. e. Tataraneto do imperador d. Pedro II do Brasil. Entrevista realizada entre os dias 15/07 e 23/07/2012 na residência de seu filho primogênito, Afonso Carlos de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança em Paris. - Elisabeth von Wittelsbach de Orléans e Bragança. Princesa da Baviera. Entrevista realizada no dia 18/07/2008 na residência de seu filho (Pedro de Orléans e Bragança) no Rio de Janeiro. Em 11/10/2010 se realizou nova entrevista, em sua chácara na cidade de Vassouras. - BRAGANÇA, João Henrique de Orléans e. Filho da princesa Fátima de Alexandria, é tataraneto de d. Pedro II e neto de Pedro d`Alcântara de Orléans e Bragança, príncipe do Grão- Pará. - BRAGANÇA, João Phillipe M. de Orléans e. Filho de João Henrique e Stella Lutterbach. As entrevistas se realizaram entre os dias 25/06 e 02/07/2012, no hotel "Pousada do Príncipe" em Paraty, e na residência de João Henrique na mesma cidade. - BRAGANÇA, Pedro Carlos de Orléans e. Primogênito de Pedro Gastão e Maria Esperança de Orléans e Borbón, neto de Pedro d`Alcântara de Orléans e Bragança. - MARTORELL, Thereza de Orléans e Bragança. Filha do renunciante Pedro d`Alcântara de Orléans e Bragança. - ORLÉANS, Charles Phillipe de. Neto da condessa de Paris e sobrinho-neto da duquesa de Bragança e da princesa Thereza de Orléans e Bragança Martorell. Entrevistas realizadas entre 14 e 16/07/2009 em Sintra, Portugal, na residência da senhora Núria Martorell, filha da princesa Thereza de Orléans e Bragança. - BOURBON, Jaime de Nassau-Orange e. Príncipe de Bourbon-Parma, filho do finado duque Carlos Hugo de Parma e da princesa da Holanda, Irene de Nassau-Orange. - BOURBON, Genáro. Nasceu em 1966, é bisneto do conde de Caserta. Entrevista se realizou em 15/01/2013 no café do Museu histórico de Luxemburgo, na cidade de Luxemburgo com ambos os príncipes. - Alessandro de Savoia-Bourbon. Filho de uma princesa de Savoia-Aosta e do Príncipe Casimiro de Bourbon-Sicília. Entrevista realizada no dia 05/03/2011 na capela São José em São Paulo, seu então local de trabalho. 2 FOLHA DE APROVAÇÃO Adel Igor dos Santos Cangueiro Romanov Pausini De Estado a Civil. As relações matrimoniais da Casa imperial do Brasil (1864-1944) Dissertação de mestrado, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais, para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Sociais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Guilherme Simões Gomes Júnior. __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ SÃO PAULO 2014 AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a todos que colaboraram para a concretização deste trabalho. A minha família por sua compreensão diante os momentos de introspecção e afastamento, sobretudo, aos meus queridos avós Ângelo Matarazzo Pausini, Victória Amélia von Schleswing-Holstein Romanov, Arlindo dos Santos Cangueiro e, em especial à Adarcir Maciel dos Santos Cangueiro e a meu primo Gustavo Cangueiro Iandeskertz von Stolberg-Ligne. Aos meus queridos e preciosos amigos Ana Paula Meyer Velloso, Carolina Ramos, Cristiane Moreira Cobra, Rafaella Cristina Lutterbach von Eschholz, Carlos Eduardo Mandú, Fábio Dantas Rocha, Marcos Vinicius Busoli Cascino e Renan Oliveira de Almeida que tanto me auxiliaram de inúmeras formas e modos durante todo este processo. Agradeço ainda a contribuição da banca do exame de qualificação formada pelas professoras Andrea Slemian e Yone de Carvalho. As professoras Silvia Helena Simões Borelli, Monica Muniz Pinto de Carvalho Souza pela colaboração, leitura atenta e prestimosas sugestões e, em especial ao meu orientador professor Guilherme Simões Gomes Júnior, por sua enriquecedora orientação e apoio incondicional em todos os momentos de dificuldade, discussões e descobertas. Por fim, agradeço a Charles d`Orléans, Bertrand, Pedro Carlos e João Henrique de Orléans e Bragança, pelas entrevistas e acesso aos arquivos familiares, além da generosa e gentil colaboração para o agendamento de visitas e outras relevantes entrevistas. À generosidade dos entrevistados, que gentilmente me cederam imagens, agendas e acesso a valiosos arquivos familiares. Meus sinceros agradecimentos, Adel Igor Romanov Pausini. RESUMO Em outubro de 1908, Pedro de Alcântara de Orléans e Bragança, filho da Princesa Isabel e, de acordo com a Constituição de 1824, herdeiro do Imperador do Brasil, d. Pedro II, renuncia aos seus direitos sucessórios por si e por seus descendentes ao trono brasileiro; trono esse inexistente, considerando que vigorava neste mesmo país o sistema republicano desde 1889. Após a renúncia, o príncipe herdeiro contrai matrimônio em situação de desigualdade de nascimento com Elisabeth Dobrzensky de Dobrzenicz, em novembro do mesmo ano. Tendo tal evento como ponto de partida, foram mapeadas as uniões matrimoniais realizadas pelos príncipes do Brasil, na tentativa de identificar algum padrão ou espécie de regra na escolha dos consortes, no sentido de tornar inteligível a renúncia de Pedro d`Alcântara. Não na esfera política, uma vez que a dinastia não mais possuía o poder régio; mas sim, no plano das regras e tradições matrimoniais da família. Os dados obtidos na pesquisa fundamentaram a consideração de que o seu casamento em estado de desigualdade de nascimento foi questão relevante no cenário de queda das monarquias e na manutenção das estruturas dinásticas, apesar da inexistência do poder régio ou do aparato estatal, legitimador da ordem sucessória de outrora. A partir deste mapeamento foi identificada certa constância na realização de matrimônios com a Casa de Bourbon, independentemente da condição régia ou mandatária dos cônjuges, constância essa que se mantém nas uniões matrimoniais das duas gerações de príncipes do Brasil que se casam após o golpe de Estado republicano de 1889, o que conduziu ao levantando de nova hipótese: a da relevância das uniões matrimoniais como elemento legitimador da condição de herdeiro do império, não no plano da dominação racional legal, que a República pretendia introduzir, mas como afirmação da dominação tradicional - conforme a tipologia weberiana. Com isso, ganha sentido a ideia de que as uniões matrimoniais nesse novo cenário buscavam manter as regras predominantes que caracterizavam as escolhas matrimoniais voltadas para a afirmação da pureza do estamento, portador da legitimidade tradicional.
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