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Dissertation / Doctoral Thesis DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „Allgemeines Weltbild des Renaissance Magus Der Renaissance Magus im historischen und philosophischen Umfeld der Renaissance“ verfasst von / submitted by Anna Varosyan angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) Wien, 2017 / Vienna 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 092 296 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Doktoratsstudium Philosophie field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.- Prof. Mag. Dr. Klaus Davidowicz 1 2 Dank Hiermit möchte ich meinem Betreuer Klaus Davidowicz für seine Ermutigung, mich mit diesem Thema auseinanderzusetzen, danken. Mein besonderer Dank gilt Franz Martin Wimmer für seine Unterstützung. Richard Heinrich möchte ich für die Anregungen zum Thema danken. Ein besonderer Dank für das Gegenlesen gilt Heide Buschhausen. Um die Arbeit rechtzeitig einzureichen, war ich sehr auf die Unterstützung von Frau Angelika Pelikan-Ambrosch angewiesen, wofür ich an dieser Stelle danken möchte. Ich möchte meiner Familie, besonders meinem Sohn Gor Harutyunyan, meiner Schwester Hasmik Varosyan und meinem Lebensgefährten Grigorios Skaltsas, für ihre motivierenden Worte und Unterstützung danken. 3 ALLGEMEINES WELTBILD DES RENAISSANCE MAGUS „Der Renaissance Magus im historischen und philosophischen Umfeld der Renaissance“ Inhalt 1.Einleitung ................................................................................................................................ 7 2.Ausgang des kirchlich bestimmten Mittelalters .................................................................... 13 3.Rückblick auf die Antike ....................................................................................................... 15 Humanismus („Der Mensch als das Maß aller Dinge“) ........................................................... 15 4.Was ist Magie ........................................................................................................................ 19 4.1.Die Entstehung des Terminus „Magie“ .............................................................................. 22 4.2.Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Magie und Religion ....................................... 23 5.Historischer Abriss der Magie ............................................................................................... 27 5.1.Antike Zauberei und Priesterkult ........................................................................................ 28 5.2.Magie und Schamanismus .................................................................................................. 31 5.3.Orakel ................................................................................................................................. 32 5.4.Traumorakel........................................................................................................................ 34 5.5.Magie der Spätantike .......................................................................................................... 34 6.Die Gestalt des Magiers ......................................................................................................... 35 6.1.Der vorchristliche Magier ................................................................................................... 38 6.1.1.Salomon ........................................................................................................................... 38 6.1.2.Merlin .............................................................................................................................. 43 6.2.Magier in der Bibel ............................................................................................................. 45 7.Bedürfnis des Renaissancemenschen nach magischer Welterklärung .................................. 46 Beeinflussende Lehren und spezifische Charakteristika des Renaissance Magus ................... 46 4 Jüdisch-kabbalistische Prägung des Renaissance Magiers als neue Qualität ........................... 46 8.Der Christliche Magier .......................................................................................................... 49 9.Von Magiern „gebrochene“ Glaubenspostulate und Verbote ............................................... 54 10.Magier werden, Magier sein ................................................................................................ 68 10.1.Die Vorbereitungen zur Ausbildung zum Magier ............................................................ 75 11.Streben nach ursprünglicher Religion ................................................................................. 81 Entwicklung des Magus in der Renaissance............................................................................. 81 Hermes Trismegistos ................................................................................................................ 81 12.Das Weltsystem des Renaissance Magiers .......................................................................... 88 Begründung der Idee der Weltseele.......................................................................................... 88 12.1.Verwendbarkeit der Weltseele.......................................................................................... 91 12.2.Die Seele ........................................................................................................................... 95 Der Geist ................................................................................................................................... 95 13.Imagination .......................................................................................................................... 99 13.1.Die Geschichte der Imagination ..................................................................................... 100 13.2.Die Funktion der Vorstellung ......................................................................................... 103 13.3.Imaginatio in der Renaissance ........................................................................................ 105 13.4.Gedächtnislehre als „Wegweiser“ zur alten Religion..................................................... 112 14.Magie als Angebot für universell gültige Muster des Weltverstehens .............................. 117 Der Philosoph als Magus, der Magus als Philosoph .............................................................. 117 15.Die Freiheit des Willens .................................................................................................... 120 16.Magia Naturalis ................................................................................................................. 123 17.Die Meinungen der Moderne ............................................................................................. 125 18.Gut und Böse ..................................................................................................................... 132 19.Besondere Bedeutung der Jüdischen Kabbala für den Renaissance Magus ...................... 136 19.1.Zur Geschichte der Kabbala ........................................................................................... 139 19.2.Jüdische Philosophie....................................................................................................... 141 Die vor-kabbalistische jüdische Geheimlehre über die Schöpfung und die Merkaba(Merkawa)-Literatur der Hekhaloth und jüdischen Gnosis ...................................... 141 19.3.Der Einfluss der Gnostischen Lehre ............................................................................... 141 19.4.Einfluss des Pythagoräismus .......................................................................................... 144 19.5.Pythagoräismus in den Werken der christlichen Kabbalisten ........................................ 148 19.6.Kabbala ........................................................................................................................... 152 5 20.Die Macht des Wortes ....................................................................................................... 154 Der Gebrauch der Psalmen und Gebete ................................................................................ 154 20.1.Das Wort ......................................................................................................................... 156 20.2.Namen Gottes ................................................................................................................. 166 20.3.Die Geschichte der Verwendung des Namens Gottes .................................................... 166 20.4.Heilige Namen Gottes .................................................................................................... 172 21.Geheimhaltung .................................................................................................................. 176 22.Christlichkeit ..................................................................................................................... 180 23.Exakte Wissenschaften ...................................................................................................... 181 24.Frömmigkeit ...................................................................................................................... 184 25.Gottesbild .........................................................................................................................
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