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Improved Passenger Equipment Evaluation Program Technology Review May 1978.Pdf REPOATNO. FRA/ORD - 78/38 TECHNOLOGY REVIEW Unified ·Industries Incorporated 205 South Whiting Street, Suite 201 Alexandria, Virginia 22304 ,. 1 MAY 1978 SEMIANNUAL REPORT Document is available to the U.S. public through the National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 22161 Prepared for U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION Offi"c1j of Research and Development Washin!Jton, D.C. 20590 ' \~ 13-Rail Vehicles & \I' ~omponents \ \ " NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. • ·l TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Governrnent Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. fRA/ORD - 78/38 4. T•tle and Subtitle 5. Report Date Improved Passenger. Equipment Evaluation Program. May 1978 Technology Review 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(sl ~Andre L. DeVifliers,Unified Industries Incorporated ____. / _....- :Arthur L. Dow, Unified Industries Incorporated . v) 8. Performing Organization Report No. R.B. Watson, L. T. Klauder & Associates l \ ~.·-v' Or. Richard Uher, Carnegie-Mellon University · -~ .-,;& 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Unified l ndustries Incorporated 205 South Whiting Street, Suite 201 11. Contract or Grant No. Alexandria, Virginia 22304 DOT -FR-74249 1---------------------------------........j· 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address Semiannual, U.S. Department of Transportation October 1977 to March Federal Railroad Administration 1978 Office of Research and Development 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, D.C. 20590 FRA/RRD-22 15. Supplementary Notes Small Business Administration Contractor: Washington District Office 1030 Fifteenth Street, N.W., Room 250 Washington, D.C. 20590 16. Abstract The status of two foreign rail technologies is analyzed in this second of four semiannual reports. The two technologies are Trucks and Carbody Construction. Trucks are discussed from the viewpoint of their function in the rail vehicle suspension system. This function consists of vehicle guidance, vibration isolation, vehicle support, and traction and braking. Several current trucks are reviewed, followed by a discussion of radial-axle trucks. Car body construction is reviewed from 1965 forward. French technology, 1965 to 1975, is covered, followed by discussion of two modern trains, the TGV (France) and the ET403 (Germany) .. Advanced technologies are then discussed, principally construction with aluminum extrusions followed by a short discussion of composite materials. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement Rail Trucks Rail Vehicle Suspension · Radial Trucks This document is available to the U.S. Public Rail Vehicle Dynamics Rail Vehicle Guidance through the National Technical Information Carbody Construction Service, Springfield, Virginia 22101 Finite Element Analysis Aluminum Extrusion for Carbodies 19. Securoty Class1f. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this Page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified -----------------------------L---------------------------L----------~----------~ Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-69l i METRIC CONVERSION fACTORS ------- Approiimate Conltersions to Metric Musures ~ "' Approximate ~OM f.rem Mft.lric Meuurea .. .. Sy1111N1 Wlltn You lnow Multiply lly To Fin4 Symbol Syallol WH1 Y• l•- Mohiply lay To Fiad s, ..., - - ;;; - ~-"TH "' iil LENGTH - ,.., millimeters 0.04 mches on !!l em centimeters 0.4 tnches on m in inches ·z.s centimeters em - meters 3.3 feet It - m meters It feet 30 centimeters em = ~ 1.1 yards yd .. km kilometers yd ,..... 0.9 meters m 0.6 miles mi miles 1.6 kilcmeters km !: - UEA AR.EA - :!1 - ar1- square centimeters 2 inz ... 0,16 square trlches in square inches 6.6 SQUare centimeters cmz :!l m2 square meters lt2 1.2 square vards ~ ~qUare feet 0.09 square meters m2 - km2 square ki lcmeters G.4 square miles mi2 0.8 ~quare meters 2 ~ -yards ~ ha hectares 110.000 m ) 2.5 acres mi2 square miles 2.6 square ki I ometers ~ :!: acves 0.4 hectares ha - - ..~ ... MASS (weight) - MASS (,Vtitht) f-'• '-'• :l g grams O.G35 ounces oz oz ounces 28 grams g - kg kilograms 2.2 pounds ib lb pounds 0.45 kilograms kg ::: t tonnes (1000 kg) 1.1 short tons short tons 0.9 tonnes I - (2000 lb) - .. ::: V8LIIME - VOLUME ... tsp teaspoons 5 milliliters ml - ml milliliters 0.03 fluid ounces fl oz Tbsp tablespoons 15 milliliter-; ml - .. I liters Z.1 pints pt floz fluid ounces 30 milliliters ml .. - I liters 1.05 quarts qt c cups 0.24 liters 1 I liters 0.26 gallons gal .. ltl , pints 0.47 liters I m• cubic meters 35 c-..Jbic feet qt qooarts 0.95 liters I - m3 cubic meters 1.3 cubic yards ydl ~ gal gallons 3.8 liters I - ttl cubic feet 0.03 cubic meters m3 - - vrrl cubic yards 0.76 cubic meters m3 .. "' TEMPERATURE (ex~ TEMPERATURE (exact) - .. •c Celsius 9/5 (then Fahrenheit 'F - temperatu-re add 32) temperature •• fahrenheit 5/9 (alte< €elsius 'c temperature subtracting temperature - "' ~ - •• 32) - .. Of 32 98.6 212. -40 0 80 ~ . 120 160• - I I 0 I I 0 I 140I I I I I I I I I /~., ;· ~ I I I I I (I ·,I I,· I I •1 in :. 2.54 JexactlyJ. Fot other exact conversoons ao•J ~ore de~.a.'ed tables. see NBS :1.1•SC. PLJbl. 286, 80 101) 1 g. -40 -20 0 zo 40 60 Units of Weights and Measures, Pnce.s2.25. SO Cata;~~ '\.:. C 3.' ~':280. .. £ •c ' 37 •c " - - " TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. TRUCKS ..............•.•............•....••................•...... 1 PREFACE......................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION. • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • 1 "t• FUNCTIONS OF RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSION..... • • • • • • • . • . • • • • . • . • . • 2 GUIDANCE - TANGENT TRACK. • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • • 3 GUIDANCE - CURVED TRACK. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • • . • • • . • 4 VIBRATION ISOLATION. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • 4 VEHICLE SUPPORT. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • . • • . 5 TRACTION AND BRAKING. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • 6 GUIDANCE TECHNOLOGY ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ • • . • • . • • • • . • • . • • • • 6 STEADY -STATE ERRORS •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••.••.• · 6 STABILITY. • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 7 TRUCK CONCEPTS •.••••••••••••.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • . • 12 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS. • • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • 12 Y-28 (FRANCE)................................................ 14 Y-32 (FRANCE) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • 15 Y-225 (FRANCE) •.••••••••••• ,................................. 16 Y-226 (FRANCE) ••••••••••.••.••••.• ~.......................... 16 MINDEN DEUTZ (GERMANY) • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • . 19 DT200 (JAPAN) • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . 19 PIONEER-III (UNITED STATES).................................. 20 ET403 (GERMANY).............................................. 20 HST (BRITAIN) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • 21 BT10 (BRITAIN) • . • . • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • . • • • . • . 23 TEP-70 (RUSSIA) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . • • • 23 LRC COACH (CANADA) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. • . • • • . • . • • • • . • 26 SIG TYPE III (SWITZERLAND)..................... .• • . • . • • . • • . • 26 FIAT ETR401 (ITALY) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • . 29 ASEA X-15 (SWEDEN) • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . 29 TGV-PSE (FRANCE)............................................. 31 RADIAL TRUCKS.................................................. 33 PREFACE. • • . • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • . • . • . • • • . • • • • • . • • • . • • . • . 33 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND................ • . • • . • • . • . 33 ANCHOR TRUCK (SCHEFFEL) • • • • . • . • • • . • • • . • . • . • . • • • . • . • . • 39 LIST TRUCKS (RAILWAY ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES)................. 42 SCALES TRUCK. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • • • • . • . • • • . • 45 DIFFERENTIAL TRUCK (RUSSIA) • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . • 45 SUMMARY........................................................ 47 2. CARBODY CONSTRUCTION. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • . • • • • • 48 INTRODUCTION. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • .• .• • • • . • 48 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • •••••• 48 FRENCH PASSENGER CAR DEVELOPMENT ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 49 49 AS OF 19(?5 •••• ; •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ;·] 1965 TO 1975 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~. 49 TGV (FRANCE) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 53 INTRODUCTION •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.
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