WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 2014

6 PM

The Eastside Restaurant

Jim Scherer on

Arlington National Cemetery

THE NEK CIVIL WAR efforts to increase the ranks of the deflated 11th Vermont Infantry. He may have been motivated NEWSLETTER by the $100 bounty paid for new enlistees. Less 2014 than 100 days later he was wounded at the battle of Cedar Creek in and was discharged Wednesday September 17at 6 p.m. at the Eastside from the service. He made his living as a “huckster” or peddler and lived into his 70s and is Our speaker Jim Scherer says “A trip to buried in the Albany Cemetery. George Quimby Washington, D.C. without a stop at Arlington was born in Lyndon Vermont, graduated from National Cemetery is an incomplete trip.” Jim and Dartmouth College in the spring of 1859 and came wife Nancy retired to Newport from New Jersey in to Barton to teach and study law. He became the June of 2010. They saw a notice of our meeting principal of Barton Academy and by the time the and were soon members of our group. In 2012 country came to war, had nearly completed his they gave a wonderful presentation on “Lincoln in studies for the bar exam. After the war, his sister Illinois.” They visit family in Illinois every year Emeline Masta wrote: “He was noble, good and and also go to Gettysburg every year. It was brave. . .When his country called him, I urged him Nancy who first got the Civil War bug when her to wait until he should be drafted. His reply was, I brother became a re-enactor. Over the years they will never go as a drafted man. I must give my life have both done a lot of reading on the Civil War voluntarily or not at all.” He enlisted in Co. D, 4th and I guess it paid off. They were 1/3 of the Regiment as a Lt. September 4 ‘61, was promoted winning team in March at our first Trivia Night. to March 20 ‘62. He was killed in action Sylvia and John Ward, and Debra and Steven at Marye’s Heights on the evening of December Spencer made up the rest of the team. The team 13 ‘62. Ellery Webster enlisted August 9 ‘62, had 39 out of 40 questions correct. WOW! was one of 407 Vermonters taken prisoner at Jim offered to do a program on Arlington National Weldon Railroad June 23 ’64, first taken to Libby Cemetery when we were in a pinch last year, but Prison and then boarded railcars for a week’s journey Barbara Malloy had a program ready on local to Andersonville Prison in Georgia. He was paroled people whose lives were touched by the St. Albans in December ‘64 and returned home a broken man Raiders, so Jim wasn’t needed. He has had time to weighing just 75 pounds. He went back to his unit research the history of Arlington National in March ‘65 and walked through the captured city Cemetery and will tell us about it and show some of Richmond the following month. He returned to beautiful pictures to bring the story to life. It is an Vermont and in 1872 founded the Orleans County amazing place. Monitor [newspaper] which was published for 80 Barton Soldiers in the Civil War years. For the last 25 years of his life he was the Dan Taylor came from Minnesota to tell us stories beloved Postmaster of the village of Barton. about eight of the 182 men from his hometown in Joseph N. Webster, older brother of Ellery, th Vermont who went off to the Civil War. Dan’s enlisted in the 15 Vermont Infantry in October interest in the Civil War began when he was in the ‘62 for a 9 month stint, mustering out August 5 7th grade at Barton Graded School and the ‘63. When he returned to Vermont he became a librarian, Margarite Histed, recommended “The photographer and opened a studio in Barton. He Red Badge of Courage” by Stephen Crane. was very involved in the GAR and attended the th Carlos McDaniels enlisted on Abraham Lincoln’s 50 anniversary encampment of the battle of birthday Feb 12 ‘62, but disease cut his life short Gettysburg. William Wallace Grout, Lt. Col. of th in Nov ‘62 near New Orleans. The cemetery the 15 Vermont Infantry was commissioned where he is buried on the banks of the Mississippi September ‘62 and served until the regiment was covered in six feet of water when Hurricane mustered out August 5 ‘63. In response to the St. Katrina struck in 2005. David Green enlisted at Albans Raid, October 19 ‘64, the governor called the age of 45 in July 1864 responding to local up a militia to defend the Vermont border and the Legislature elected William Grout Brigadier The Saint Albans Raid 2014 General of troops from Richford east to the New The commemoration of the St. Albans Raid, Hampshire border. After the war he served in the which took place on October 19, 1864 in St. Vermont House and Senate and then spent 18 Albans Vermont when over 20 Confederates years in the U.S. House of Representatives. robbed three local banks and took their loot over William H. Daniels enlisted September ‘61 in the the border into Canada, is scheduled for First Regiment Cavalry. He saw much action September 18-21, a month early. About 80 Re- including the death of his Captain and best friend enactors will have an encampment in Taylor Park Henry Flint of Irasburgh fighting Mosby at in St. Albans during this time. Representatives Miskel’s Farm April 1 ‘63. On September 22 ‘64 from the 2nd Vermont –headquartered in Burling- near Front Royal Virginia six of Mosby’s men ton, Vermont; 118th –headquartered in were publicly executed following Grant’s orders. Tupper Lake, New York; 1st Vermont Cavalry – Another was soon executed. On November 5, headquartered in the Shoreham-Orwell Vermont 1864 Daniels was part of an escort of Gen. and area; and 1st US Dismounted Cavalry will Mrs. Custer. Something was left behind and represent the Union. The 2nd Mississippi – Custer asked for five volunteers to retrieve it. headquartered in St. Albans; 10th Louisiana – Daniels and the others fell into a trap, were headquartered in Kitchener, Ontario; 12th Georgia captured and thrown in with other Union – headquartered in southern New England; 27th prisoners. They thought they were going south to Virginia –headquartered in Montreal; 55th Virginia prison, but they were subjected to Mosby’s Death and the 61st Georgia – headquartered in Raffle, by which 26 papers were put in a hat, Gloversville, New York; Middlesex Artillery – seven of which were numbered. The unlucky headquartered in Indian Lake, New York; and seven men, which included Daniels, were to be Alexander’s Battery – headquartered in the executed in retaliation. Daniels life was saved Plattsburgh, New York area represent the when Mosby Ranger, Captain Richard Montjoy Confederates. The write-up on the internet says saw the 1st VT. Cavalry badge on his cap. Montjoy “Civil War mayhem will rise again in St. Albans, had been saved from death by members of the 1st Vt. from Sept 18 -21 during elaborate outdoor re- VT Cavalry at Catlett’s Station in ’63. Montjoy enactments of the St. Albans Raid, the northern- traded two other of Custer’s men for Daniels and a most land action of the .” I fellow Mason. Christopher Snell was a Canadian hope to be able to go over the mountain to see who immigrated to Barton. He enlisted in some of this. Let’s talk at the meeting on the 17th. September ‘61, was wounded at the Wilderness May 5 ‘64, captured at Weldon Railroad, June 23 Condolences ‘64, imprisoned at Andersonville, paroled I was so sorry to read of the sudden death of November ’64, discharged for disability December Richard Colburn, Jr., son of long time member ’64. In the 1880s he and his wife and eight Richard Colburn of Charleston. Our sincere children migrated west to Minnesota where he sympathy goes out to the family. died at 78 in 1909. I had an e-mail message from the daughter of Jacqueline O’Bomwasin of Odanak saying that her The Battle of Plattsburgh mother had died. Several years ago about 20 of us The Bicentennial commemoration of the Battle of went to Odanak, the site of the Rogers’ Rangers Plattsburgh will be celebrated September 11-14 massacre in 1759, to see the museum there. We with live battle re-enactments on land and water; were treated to a great lunch and tour of the military encampments, memorial ceremonies and museum and grounds. Jacqueline was our hostess. historical tributes, live music and Macomb Ball. She, her daughter and our tour guide, Rodrigo Also tours of the Kent Delord House Museum, a Brinkous of the tribe came to our meeting at the former British headquarters and Battle of Eastside as our special guests the next night when Plattsburgh Museum. Elliot Morse was knighted and Ed Bearss spoke.

3 Future Meetings Winchester, Virginia, September 13, 1864 October Paul Lefebvre Fisher’s Hill, Virginia, September 21 and 22, 1864 November ?? December ?? FIFTH REGIMENT (Three Years) By Hon. Lewis A. DUES ARE DUE Grant, (Ast Secty of War), Brig. and Brvt Maj-Gen US Vols. Dues are $10 [$14 if possible] per year per and Charles G. Gould, Capt. and Brvt. Maj. Fifth Reg’t household, payable to NEKCWRT. Send to: Sept. 15, 1864, the term of the original members of the regiment who had not re-enlisted expired, and they Bridget Huguenin were mustered out at Clifton, Va., leaving present for 92 N. Main Street #1 duty with the regiment one assistant surgeon, a St. Albans, VT 05478 quartermaster, three first lieutenants and about three Check your mailing label. If it says 14 you are hundred men. This fragment of a regiment participated paid for 2014. An * or # means you have paid in Sheridan’s campaign in the from extra. Thanks Bitsfor these and gifts. Pieces Also thanks to all Winchester to Mount Crawford and return Septemberwho paid early.22, 1864 It’s muchReport appreciated. says that three ENGAGEMENTS persons, all formerly soldiers in the Federal army, Opequan, Virginia, September 13, 1864 left Stanstead last week, went to Concord, New Winchester, Virginia, September 19, 1864 Hampshire, enlisted and received $750 each and Fisher’s Hill, Virginia, September 21 and 22, 1864 were back in Canada on Saturday night. SIXTH REGIMENT (Three Years) Thanks to Marguerite Dunlop for this article from By Hon. Frank G. Butterfield, (Chief of the Special the Stanstead [Quebec] Journal. Examination Division, Bureau of Pensions, Washington, D.C.), Lieutenant-, Sixth Regt FAMOUS DEATHS 1864 Thence it went with Sheridan to the Shenandoah September 4 John Hunt Morgan, Confederate Valley, and at Opequan, Winchester, and Fisher’s military leader at 39 Hill, did its full share of the glorious work in the September 15/16 John Hanning Speke, British valley. (English) Explorer, at 37 FIRST REGIMENT CAVALRY September 17 Walter Savage Landor, author By William L. Greenleaf, First September 19 David Allen Russell, U.S. Union Vermont Cavalry rd brig. gen., killed at 3 Winchester at 44 In the battle of the Opequan, September 19th, the September 19 Robert Emmet Rodes, Confederate regiment bore an active part and was in close pursuit of gen. maj. at 3rd Winchester at 35 the retreating enemy when darkness put an end to the September 29 , Union colonel engagement. On the 21st, the regiment led the advance killed at Fort Harrison at 50 in the movement having for its object the clearing out of the rebel cavalry in the Luray Valley. The first New Revised Roster Vermont Volunteers Hampshire, fighting dismounted, had driven the enemy across the river, but was unable to effect a crossing. SECOND REGIMENT (Three Years) The First Vermont was then brought up and charged By Col. Amasa S. Tracy across the stream driving the enemy from his position. It formed a part of General Sheridan’s army of the The division having in the meantime crossed along the Shenandoah Valley and fought at Charlestown, pike to the right, the regiment joined the main column Virginia, Winchester and Fisher’s Hill. and followed the enemy to Front Royal, a distance of two miles. Here the regiment was again detached and THIRD REGIMENT (Three Years) sent to Gooney Manor, four miles above Front Royal, By Ex-Governor Samuel E. Pingree, Lieut-Colonel where it found the enemy’s rear guard in a strong They took part in the battle at Winchester, September position on a hill south of Gooney run. After 19, and at Fisher’s Hill, September 21 and 22, where skirmishing until after ten o’clock at night the the losses of the battalion were severe. regiment was relieved and joined the brigade. The FOURTH REGIMENT (Three Years) next morning it was again actively engaged near By Lieutenant-Colonel Stephen M. Pingree Milford, but finding the position too strong to be ENGAGEMENTS carried, our cavalry retired to Buck’s ford. On the

4 26th, Colonel Wells was assigned to the command a sharp fight in which it lost some men wounded, of the brigade and turned the command of the and captured 250 prisoners with the regiment over to Lieutenant Colonel John W. commanding them. Bennett. NINTH REGIMENT (Three Years) SEVENTH REGIMENT (Three Years) By Hon. Joel C. Baker, 1st Lt. Ninth Regiment by William C. Holbrook, Colonel Seventh Regiment September 15, 1864, being the second anniversary Skirmish, Marianna, Florida, September 27, 1864. of the surrender at Harper’s Ferry, the regiment arrived in front of Petersburg, and on Friday, the EIGHTH REGIMENT (Three Years) 16th was assigned to Second Brigade, Second By S.E. Howard, Captain Eighth Regiment On September 19, was fought Winchester or Division, Eighteenth Army Corps, Army of the Opequan. Reaching this field at the critical James, Maj.-General E.O. C. Ord commanding, moment when Grover’s division was being driven and its history was part of the history of that back after its successful advance, the first duty of gallant Corps until it was broken up. Two days the regiment was to help stem the tide and check after its arrival on the Bermuda Front, the the enemy, and when this was successfully done, regiment received another detachment of recruits, the Eighth Vermont and the Twelfth Connecticut increasing its numbers to 1,129. September 17, were ordered to advance and take position 1864, Lieutenant E.W. Jewett, company A, with immediately in front and quite near the enemy’s Sergeant Charles F. Branch, Company C, with one center, which was on a wooded crest and very hundred picked men, were sent as a support to an strong both by nature and armament. This was isolated, exposed earth-work on the Bermuda done successfully and the position held with Front, known as Redoubt Dutton. This point was considerable loss until afternoon, when Sheridan sometimes called Butler’s Slaughter-pen, and it advanced the Eighth Corps on the right and the was near where Heckman’s Brigade was badly cut Sixth Corps on the left. Colonel Thomas, seeing up a few days before. The redoubt, named for Col. the movements but receiving no orders, took the A.H. Dutton, Twenty-first Connecticut Volunteers, a responsibility, and with his two regiments, brave and accomplished officer who was killed charged the enemy’s center and strong position, near the spot, was equipped with siege howitzers, carrying everything before him, throwing the mostly 24 pounders. The location was peculiarly enemy into confusion and silencing a battery exposed, and was one of the most important posted in rear of his line. It was a most gallant positions on that front. It was very heavily built charge and entirely successful. A monument now and armed, and stood on a bluff facing southward, marks the spot and tells the story. When and was flanked by a deep ravine upon the east Sheridan’s dispatch was published saying that and west. From the redoubt northward the ground Early had been sent “whirling up the valley,” the sloped gently to a heavy line of confederate Eighth Vermont and Twelfth Connecticut felt that earthworks about two hundred yards distant. they had borne no small part in producing the Behind this earthwork were planted nine batteries result. The losses of the regiment were seven fully manned. The Union lines were built killed and thirty wounded, among the latter being somewhat in the form of a letter S, and held the Lieut.-Colonel Dutton, Capt. George O. Ford, Tenth and Eighteenth Army Corps, with twenty- Lieuts. Wheaton Livingston, Nathaniel Robie and two batteries so arranged as to enfilade nearly Perry Porter, Jr. every portion of the enemy’s line. Our picket line On September 22, the regiment was again in battle was tortuous and extended over the front, and at Fisher’s Hill, where, through the strategy of required a heavy force daily. The detail from the Sheridan, we won a great but almost bloodless Ninth lived in gopher holes on the east side of the victory, six of our men being wounded, including bluff, but spent more than half of their time for Lieutenant Edward Gould, and in the night chase more than six weeks, in the rifle pits under the which followed near Woodstock, the regiment had muzzles of the guns of the redoubt.

5 On Saturday, September 24th, a shotted salute of this main line guarded the position. The movement 100 guns was fired at sunset in honor of was made by General Warren with two divisions Sheridan’s victory in the valley; again on the 30th, of the Fifth Corps and General Parke with the another was fired. The music of shot and shell Second and Third divisions of the Ninth Corps. from two hundred cannon playing over the heads Early in the forenoon, Warren swung his line of the Vermont support was terrific. This salute around, pushing before it the enemy’s skirmishers brought on a determined attack from the enemy, and his advance line, which fell back reluctantly and the brunt of the assault fell upon Redoubt but without stubborn contest. The divisions of the Dutton. It was admitted that the steady, well- Ninth Corps, being in reserve at the right, had to directed fire of the Vermont line disarranged and march some distance to reach the position broke two well organized lines of battle at less assigned them at the left of the Fifth Corps. than one hundred and fifty yards. Shortly after noon the Seventeenth with Griffin’s brigade, had passed beyond the former line of the TENTH REGIMENT (Three Years) Fifth, across the field over which that corps had By Rev. Edwin M. Haynes, D.D., fought earlier in the day and was well around the Chaplin Tenth Regiment th left of the Fifth as then deployed, and facing north. At the battle of Winchester on the 19 of Through someone’s fault the brigade was sent September the casualties in this regiment were ten much too far to the left, and after being partly killed and forty-six wounded. Among those deployed in some woods, was re-called, moved a mortally wounded were Major Edwin Dillingham, mile or more to the right, then to the front passing commanding the regiment, and Lieutenant D.G. close by the Peebles house, and along the road at Hill, Lieutenant L.A. Abbott was severely the right of the woods. When the line was being wounded, and Captain George E. Davis slightly. formed for the advance, Surgeon Edson requested Captain Davis did not leave his company. nd Lieutenant-Colonel Cummings to send with him a At the battle of Fisher’s Hill the 22 , the Tenth good man to take charge of the Stretcher Corps, lost four men killed and five wounded. Captain who would see that they did not lag behind. John A. Hicks was severely wounded. Lieutenant Lucia, who had returned on the 28th Eleventh Regiment (Three Years) from a few days stay in the hospital at City Point, (First Regiment Heavy Artillery) and was awaiting the arrival of his commission The occasions most vividly remembered include sent out but recently, volunteered for the duty. It is the Battle of Opequan, Virginia September 19, said that on this occasion the Stretcher Corps and when General Sheridan sent the rebels “whirling stretchers kept on the advance line steadily abreast through Winchester” and the capture of Fisher’s with the colors, but were not needed. By one of Hill, Virginia on September 21 and 22. those inexcusable mysteries, blunders really, so common during the war, a portion of the Fifth SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT (Three Years) Corps failed to be in place, leaving a wide gap By Hon. Joel H. Lucia, First Lieutenant over low woodland between the right of Griffin’s Seventeenth Regiment brigade and the left of the Fifth Corps. Through During most of September the duties of the this gap a large force of the enemy made its way regiment were of a less dangerous nature, to our rear, and while the brigade was pressing the strengthening the works on the line to the left of enemy in front it was savagely assaulted in flank the Jerusalem Plank Road. Late in the month it and rear, and at the same time in its front. On the was proposed to force back the enemy’s right and discovery of the force in our rear the order had swing our left in towards Petersburg to get been given to fall back, but its execution was possession of certain roads, and perhaps ultimately another thing, and in doing so many of the brigade to reach the Southside railroad. The junction of the were killed, wounded and captured. It was here, roads aimed at was at Peebles farm five or six that Lieutenant Lucia, in trying to bring off his miles south and west of Petersburg. An advance little command, lost his left arm. Griffin’s brigade line of Confederate works about a mile in front of

6 having the right of the line with the Seventeenth Diary entry of Reverend Isaac W.K. Handy, its right regiment, was driven back in great September 6, 1864: There are several wounded disorder. The First Brigade shared a similar fate, and delicate men among us, whom I pity with all as also one brigade of the Third Division. Potter’s my heart. Mr. Dougherty, an aged man (a native whole line was forced back more than a mile, of Pennsylvania and a citizen of Washington) is losing heavily in prisoners. Near the Pegram house imprisoned for the crime of having built a State- a final stand was made, the broken and disordered house in South Carolina, and then presuming to fragments of the Ninth Corps, checked the return to his home. Oh, the wickedness of man. advance of the enemy about dark and permanently William Dougherty and Hugh Sisson contracted held the line, The loss of the regiment was eight with the state of South Carolina to fashion the killed, three of them officers, forty wounded, two stone work for a beautiful new state house under mortally, and twenty-seven missing, nine of whom construction in Columbia in the 1850s and into the died in the hands of the enemy, total seventy-five. 1860s. The firm of Sisson and Dougherty cut the Lieutenant-Colonel Cummings fell gallantly Corinthian columns of granite for the building, encouraging his men, and his last order was, and the firm’s name appears in many state “Look out for the colors.” Major Eaton, legislative records pertaining to the new state conspicuous there as elsewhere for his coolness, house. Before his work on the South Carolina was killed, as was also Lieutenant Tobin of state house, William Dougherty was the company I. There was a woody swamp and stream superintendent of construction for the Washington to be crossed in falling back, and here, with the Monument. He was also the foreman of marble confusion into which the troops had already been work for the extension of the General Post Office thrown by the appearance of the enemy in their building in Washington, D.C., under the rear, they became inextricably mixed. Adjutant supervision of the famous engineer Montgomery Peck on his way out, made several attempts to Meigs. The construction on the state house rally the scattered men around the colors. In this in Columbia continued after the war began into the he met with some success, and at one point the summer of 1864. Dougherty left South Carolina temporary line so formed retarded the progress of and returned to his home in Washington, D.C. the advancing enemy long enough to enable a after learning that his property there had been section of a battery to withdraw and save its guns. seized under the Confiscation Act. According to a Captain Knapp, after making his way out of the sworn statement made by Dougherty soon after his swamp and woods with such members of the arrival in the city, he “called on the Mayor of regiment as he had been able to collect, found Washington (who was a personal friend) and he Adjutant Peck with the color-guard and colors and advised me to go about and attend to my business assumed command, and reported the regiment as as I had always done that nobody would interfere on duty near the Peebles house, where it remained with me, as I had done nothing to cause it and if that night, and the next morning was ordered to a they did to send for him.” Shortly afterward position in the new line which had been formed a Dougherty was arrested. Documents found in half mile to the rear and near the Pegram house. A the Provost Marshal’s records in the National day or two later Adjutant Peck, with Captain Archives include instructions to “immediately Conway and Lieutenant Norton, were sent to the arrest William Dougherty. . . and commit him to hospital, and Captain Knapp for nearly a month Fort Delaware.” This document issued by commanded the regiment, having at first but 84 Charles A. Dana, the Assistant Secretary of War, men, Surgeon Edson being the only other and dated August 10, 1864 is signed “By order of commissioned officer present for duty. the President.” The person who arrested Mr. Dougherty was Colonel Lafayette Curry Baker, William Dougherty who is described in Who Was Who in the Union as A State Prisoner at Fort Delaware a “thoroughly unsavory character.” He had connections with Lincoln’s secretaries of state and

7 war, and through them obtained a position as a now in service and one has fallen. During the special agent of the Provost Marshal General absence of her husband in South Carolina, Mrs. Bureau, a division of the War Department whose D. ministered as far as she could to the support of member functioned as military police. The provost the eight children of the deceased. Mr. Dougherty marshal duties included the arrest of deserters and while in the South assisted our prisoners to the persons suspected of “subversive” activities. greatest extent compatible with his own safety, William Dougherty was promptly arrested and having obtained permission from the authorities. later delivered to Fort Delaware on August 11, To the officers of the gunboat Isaac Smith, he 1864, His wife, Mrs. Ann Dougherty, had been advanced large amounts of money, and the sailors residing in Philadelphia with extended family he assisted on his own account. He wishes to take since the beginning of the war. She went to the oath. At the commencement of hostilities, Mr. Washington to appeal for her husband’s release Dougherty was attacked by the mob in Columbus and on August 30, 1864 gave the following and was forced to apply to the authorities for account of her husband’s work with the State of protection- - -On completing the work, Mr. South Carolina. Mrs. Ann Dougherty, N.W. Dougherty came home sick, and did not report to cor.12th & Master streets, Philadelphia, states that the authorities here, which he should have done, her husband, Wm. Dougherty, was arrested and or which some advised him he had better not. The imprisoned in Fort Delaware, under the following property here has been confiscated, address No. circumstances, and she applies for his release. 410 East Street near 9th Street, Washington, D.C. Two years before the breaking out of the rebellion, A request was made on September 9, 1864 from Mr. Dougherty, who is an architect, entered into a Major Levi C. Turner, Judge Advocate in the War contract with the authorities of South Carolina, to Department, to Brigadier General Albin F. Schoepf, build the State House, and he went there for that Superintendent of Fort Delaware, asking for a sworn purpose, his last work here being upon the Post statement from the prisoner, William Dougherty. Office, under supervision of General Meigs. At the Mary Chesnut 1823-1886 commencement of hostilities, he came to this city, st where his wife and child were residing, and sent COLUMBIA, S.C. September 1 .—The battle is raging at Atlanta, our fate hanging in the balance. them home to Philadelphia, expecting that the nd troubles in the country would soon be over, and September 2 . —Atlanta is gone. Well that agony with the intention of returning home as soon as he is over, Like David, when the child was dead, I should have fulfilled his contract. On returning to will get up from my knees, will wash my face, and South Carolina, he and his men were protected in comb my hair. There is no hope, but we will try to their work, and no call was made upon them to have no fear. They say General Morgan has been killed. We are hard as stones. serve in the rebel cause, nor was any such service th rendered. Mr. D. and his employees were paid in September 19 .—Mr. Preston says Bragg is a State bonds issued prior to the war to be used in lightning rod, drawing off some of the hatred of defraying the expenses in the construction of the Jeff Davis to himself. My pink silk dress I building. On returning home Mr. Dougherty have sold for six hundred dollars, to be paid by neglected to report himself immediately, owing to installments, two hundred a month for three there being then pending action by the months; and I sell my eggs and butter for two Government with a view to the confiscation of his hundred dollars a month. Does it not sound well? house (/which course of the Government had been Four hundred dollars a month, regularly? But—in instigated by the tenants, who reap the benefit) what? “In Confederate money!” Hélas! and he designing to make proper disposition with Mrs. Magill says: “If Bob Allston is a prisoner, the regard to counsel etc. before reporting, and he Yankees won’t keep him long. He has the pleasant was arrested. He is now at the Fort and ill with way of making himself so intolerable, they will consumption. The Doughertys are a well known long to get rid of him. Union family in Philadelphia; of whom five are

8 September 21st.—The President has gone West. near, with her attendant cavalier, gotten up He sent for Mr. Chesnut. I went with Mrs. regardless; and she watched the married pair and Rhett to hear Dr. Palmer. I did not know before seemed to enjoy the spectacle of the man’s how utterly hopeless was our situation. This man discomfiture. The end has come, no doubt is so eloquent; it was hard to listen and not give of the fact. Our Army has so moved as to uncover way. Despair was his word, and martyrdom. He Macon and Augusta. [President Davis, in a public offered us nothing more in this world than the address, had promised that Hood, having martyr’s crown. He is not for slavery, he says; he abandoned Atlanta, would move north to cut is for freedom, the freedom to govern our own Sherman’s communications. The maneuver not country as we see fit. He is against foreign only left Sherman free to march to Savannah interference in our state matters. That is what Mr. unmolested; but it ended, at Franklin and Palmer went to war for, it appears. Every day Nashville, in the annihilation of Hood’s army.] shows that slavery is doomed the world over. For We are going to be wiped off the face of the earth. that he thanked God. He spoke of this time of our Now what is there to prevent Sherman taking agony; and then came the cry: “Help us, Oh God! General Lee in the rear. We have but two armies, Vain is the help of man.” So we came away and Sherman is between them now. shaken to the depths. Isabella went with us to the Wayside Hospital today. She said: “Calline is out 150 Years Ago on a rampage (she is a hired nurse) because we September 1, Thursday Explosions and fires broke expect her to attend to her duties on Sunday. That out at night around Atlanta’s railroad depot and man over there abused Hood so badly I would not yards. The enemy had fled the city. General Hood put any sugar in his coffee, and in her rage Calline ordered the evacuation of the city, beginning in let a secret out of the bag, a cat, I mean! She the late afternoon. Time did not remain to remove acknowledged that the hired nurses take the real the extensive munitions and other supplies, so they coffee for themselves, and give the poor soldiers went up in flames along with a great deal of the imitation.” “You see now, Isabella, why we railroad equipment. Hood had failed in his major must come, rain or shine, Sunday and every day. task, to fight and hold Atlanta. Shortly after noon We feed them for love and not money. The hired the Battle of Jonesborough reopened. After furious nurses look out for number one only.” While I fighting, Federals all but eliminated two was making this point for Isabella’s benefit, a Confederate brigades, although other forces held sulky officer sneered: “Is this all you have to give on. Sheridan’s regrouped and began us? Why it is a regular farce! I say Wayside to threaten Winchester. ministrations are played out, a humbug! After this September 2, Friday “Fairly won” were the words I will always go to a hotel.” “Good heavens, are Sherman used to inform Washington that his army you able to go to a hotel?” cried the irrepressible had taken Atlanta. President Lincoln talked Isabella. “Then you have no right here! This is a with various observers and political leaders to get charity, for those who cannot pay. You had better the “feel” of the nation in respect to the coming go at once!” But he did not, and ate his breakfast election. General Lee wrote Davis that without another snarl. A citizen’s wife here took Negroes should be substituted for whites “in every a handsome Department girl to board with them. place in the army or connected with it when the “So cheap” she said; but she proved dear in the former can be used.” He urged tightening rules for end, as good bargains often are. The lord and enlistments and exemptions all along the line, for master of the mansion fell into the toils of the “Our ranks are constantly diminishing by battle siren, and Madame ordered her out of her house. and disease, and few recruits are received; the At the charity concert, here were the whole party consequences are inevitable . . .” in a few feet of one another. Monsieur sat by his September 3, Saturday The shooting had nearly wife, devoted in manner; and Madame wife ended for the moment in Georgia, with Sherman received his blandishments with scorn. L’Autre sat

9 centering his army in Atlanta and beginning his September 17, Saturday John C. Fremont personal rule over the Confederate citizenry. informed a committee of the Radical Republicans September 4, Sunday Famed Confederate raider of his “intention to stand aside from the and cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan was dead. Presidential canvass.” He later said he withdrew to For many months his reputation had been prevent the election of McClellan, as election of a somewhat beclouded but he was in Greenville, Democrat would mean either “separation or re- Tennessee preparing an attack on east Tennessee. establishment with slavery.” He still considered A Federal raiding party, duplicating Morgan’s Lincoln a failure, but urged a united Republican own methods, slipped into town early in the party to save emancipation. morning and Morgan was shot trying to join his September 18, Sunday President Davis, still own men. At Atlanta Sherman was preparing to somewhat optimistic, at least in writing, told a pull in his armies for a month’s regrouping and Confederate congressman that he thought Atlanta resting and was arguing with the civilian could be recovered and “Sherman’s army can be authorities of the city. driven out of Georgia, perhaps be utterly destroyed. September 5, Monday Voters of Louisiana who September 19, Monday The lop-sided Third Battle had taken the oath ratified the new state consti- of Winchester with 40,000 Union soldiers under tution, which included the abolition of slavery. Sheridan pitted against about 12,000 Confederates September 6, Tuesday Maryland’s convention under Early, resulted in about the same number of adopted a new constitution abolishing slavery. total casualties on each side, though the rebels had September 7, Wednesday “I have deemed it to the fewer killed and wounded, and many more missing interest of the that the citizens now or captured. It was considered a Confederate loss. residing in Atlanta should remove, those who President Lincoln urged Sherman to allow Indiana prefer it to go South and the rest North.” So wrote soldiers to go home as long as they could not vote General Sherman to General Hood. Between in the field as Indiana was a pivotal state in the September 11 and 20 they left; some 446 families coming election. President Davis wrote to the totaling about 1600 people. Not only forced to governors of SC, NC, AL, GA, VA, and FL re: abandon their homes, most of them had to leave their proclamations requiring aliens to serve in the behind nearly all their possessions. Outrage, military or leave the South. He said the indignation, and protests were to no avail. Confederacy needed skilled craftsmen and such Sherman wrote “If the people raise a howl against aliens should stay. my barbarity and cruelty, I will answer that war is September 23, Friday Postmaster General Mont- war and not popularity-seeking.” gomery Blair resigned, the price demanded by September 8, Thursday In Orange, N.J. Major Radical Republicans for the re-election of Lincoln. General George B. McLellan formally accepted September 24, Saturday Sheridan’s infantry and the Democratic nomination for President. cavalry began burning barns, crops and property September 9, Friday President Lincoln and his by Grant’s orders that the Valley cease to be a Cabinet, still concerned over the serious problems granary and sanctuary for the enemy. Lincoln connected with cotton trading with the Confeder- approved congressional authorization for the ates, leaned increasingly toward open trading. Union purchase of products from states “declared September 15, Thursday Grant headed north from in insurrection.” the fairly quiet Petersburg siege lines to discuss September 27, Tuesday A thirty-man Confederate action in the Shenandoah with Sheridan. guerilla force of Bloody Bill Anderson, including September 16, Friday James Wade Hampton’s George Todd and the James boys, looted and Confederate cavalry bagged some 2400 cattle, burned Centralia, Mo. killing 24 unarmed soldiers. plus 300 prisoners, at the cost of 61 casualties to Federal troops came to the rescue and were the Confederates. Hampton and his “cowboys” ambushed, with 116 killed. brought the desperately needed animals back to Petersburg.

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