Autonomous Mexico State University

TEACHING PROBLEMATIC OF INDIGENOUS WOMEN IN THE INTERCULTURAL MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY

Karina Reyes Priciliano PhD Student in Social Sciences • Mexico, throughout its history denotes its peculiar multicultural features. • There are sixty-two ethnic groups. • Indigenous otomies are located in nine States.

Navarrete (2008) • State of México • • • Querétaro • Michoacán • , • , • Morelos • The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) in Mexico includes

7,382.785 people over 3 years old who are indigenous language speakers.

The most spoken are: , Maya and Tseltal. INEGI (2010) (51.90 This study is carried out in the

• The State of Mexico registered 379.75 inhabitants over 3 years old, of which 51.90% are women and 48.10% are men.

• The Otomi people is second most spoken languages in the State of Mexico. State of Mexico There are five original groups in the State of Mexico:

• Mazahua • Otomi • Matlatzinca • Nahuatl • Tlahuica

Sandoval (2005)

Mazahuas

Nahuas

Otomies Tlahuicas Matlazincas The theory and method of intercultural curricular design is competence-based.

Method

The research is made at a microsocial level and it is descriptive, using the depth interview technique.

The study is underway and so far, has conducted three interviews: a current teacher, an ex-teacher and a former student of the Intercultural University of the State of Mexico.

We are planning to perform ten interviews with indigenous (otomi and mazahua) female teachers.

The criteria used in this work was intentional or selective. Objetive To identify what kind of teaching problems of indigenous women (Otomi and Mazahua) face during their work at the Intercultural University of the State of Mexico (UIEM), to analyze these problems and to find out if the preservation of the original groups is fulfilled. The Intercultural Universities (IUs) The Intercultural University of the State of Mexico is located in the municipality of San Felipe del Progreso and it was the first to offer a new approach to teaching a higher educational institution in 2004. In Mexico, the discourse of multiculturalism was incorporated in education in 1996.

The Intercultural Universities (IUs) created by the General Coordination of Intercultural and Bilingual Education (CGEIB) of the SEP.

(Casillas and Santini, 2006, p. 145)

Universidad Intercultural del Estado de México UIEM Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas UNICH There are Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Tabasco UIET currently 12 Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural UVI (twelve) Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Puebla UIEP Intercultural Universidad Autónoma Indígena de México UAIM

Universities Universidad Intercultural de San Luis Potosí UICSLP Universidad Intercultural Indígena del Estado de UIIM Michoacán

Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Guerrero UIEG Universidad Intercultural Maya de Quintana Roo UIMQROO Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Hidalgo UICEH Universidad Intercultural del Estado de Nayarit UIEN The Intercultural University of the State of Mexico (UIEM).

TEACHING PROBLEMATIC OF INDIGENOUS WOMEN IN THE INTERCULTURAL MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY Characteristics of indigenous women working at the Intercultural State University of Mexico

Master's degree Full Time Teachers They are promoters of ethnic groups They have a position in their community (delegate, principal of public offices) They speak the original language of their ethnic group Married and with children They go to work on public transport (about 1-2 hours away) They like their work as teachers

What kind of teaching problematics of ¿? indigenous women (Otomi and Mazahua) face during their work at the Intercultural University of the State of Mexico (UIEM)? The Intercultural University of the State of Mexico has three otomi and five mazahua The research is still in teachers. process and the first findings are: the problem of defining the concrete work of teaching, decoded into knowledge as value in use in the educational institution.

• Students and the type of institution demand their own characteristics in the learning process, so the teacher considers the context, often with the support of diagnosis, to develop tools or teaching strategies. Those whose main functionality is the linkage of theory to practicality in their community, without it there is no essence of knowledge.

• So, in relation to pedagogical training, university professors find themselves in unequal conditions, since many were not trained to be teachers, but to perform as biologists, engineers, doctors, accountants, etc.

• It is not the same when the work in the university constitutes the exclusive activity of the teacher, compared to when it is a secondary job, occupying a small part of the working time.

• The activities that teachers develop in the exercise of their teaching function, exceed the tasks directly related to teaching. Within this concept, both the non full-time and full-time teacher in intercultural university perform various activities, not only teacher-student interaction and research, but it goes beyond the contract signed. • Being a woman and belonging to an ethnical group leads Otomi women of the Intercultural University of the State of Mexico a burden of inequality compared to their male counterparts, for example, as for work.

• Lack of material resources (electric light, internet, laptops, computers, books, movies), which make easy the creative and ludic transmission of the subjects and programs.

• The teaching spaces are small for the amount of students (41-62)

The teaching work of Otomi women is a fundamental factor for the functionality of the Intercultural University of the State of Mexico: they disclose a loyal, natural and committed feeling because their ethnic group is immersed in this new educational model.

The Intercultural University of the State of Mexico promotes an innovative way of teaching, considers the worldview of the Mazahua, Otomi, Matlatzinca, Nahua and Tlahuica people with the clear intention of preserving the cultural heritage of these indigenous peoples.

Thanks for your attention! Karina Reyes [email protected] Mexico