DOCSLIB.ORG

Effectiveness of Automatic Section Speed Control System Operating on National Roads in Poland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effectiveness of Automatic Section Speed Control System Operating on National Roads in Poland Ziolkowski R. Effectiveness of Automatic Section Speed Control System Operating on National Roads in Poland ROBERT ZIOLKOWSKI, Ph.D. Traffic Engineering E-mail: [email protected] Preliminary Communication Bialystok University of Technology Submitted: 19 Aug. 2018 Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Accepted: 5 Apr. 2019 Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland EFFECTIVENESS OF AUTOMATIC SECTION SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATING ON NATIONAL ROADS IN POLAND ABSTRACT injuries, 15% reduction in accidents causing serious Driving speed remains within the most important factors injuries and 20% reduction in accidents involving fa- in road safety, and speed not only affects the severity of a talities (Figure 1). In Poland the consideration of the crash but is also related to the risk of being involved in a driver’s speed focuses mainly on instantaneous speed crash. Inappropriate speed is responsible for more than a investigations conducted on national roads which are third of all fatal accidents occurring on roads. In Poland the characterised by the highest number of deaths and se- problem of speeding drivers is widely present. Hence, effec- vere injuries [7-9]. During the last two decades a num- tive speed management and enforcement of speed limits ber of activities and campaigns towards the improve- on existing roads plays an important role. Possible solutions ment of safety conditions on roads in Poland have for rural roads are very limited and are focused mainly on administrative speed limitations and speed cameras en- been undertaken. Those included among the others forcement. However, due to their limited effectiveness new include: renovations of vertical and horizontal mark- solutions are still being sought. High expectations are as- ings, black spots, speed cameras, road rebuilding, TV sociated with the automatic section speed control system and radio campaigns against speeding and drug driv- that has recently been introduced in Poland. The aim of this ing. However, their results were not satisfied or their ef- paper is to examine the efficiency of the automatic section fectiveness was limited and hence, new solutions are speed control system on the basis of speed surveys collect- still being sought. Since 2011 the Centre for Automat- ed on chosen national roads where the system for sectional ed Traffic Surveillance (CANARD) started to operate. speed control was first implemented. Conducted compar- isons and statistical analyses included driver’s average Its main objective is prevention of the greatest threat speed, speed percentiles, the number of speeding drivers on roads – over-speeding. In 2016 they finalised, sup- as well as speed heterogeneity. To evaluate the efficacy of ported by EU funds, the installation of automatic sec- the sectional speed system, speed measurements were tion speed control system that includes 30 sections also conducted on fourteen, similar in geometry and func- located on national roads in Poland. Similar systems tional characteristics, reference national roads located in already operate in Europe bringing positive effects in Podlaskie voivodship in Poland without any specific speed safety statistics. In the Netherlands and Austria the enforcement. number of fatalities and serious accidents was re- duced by more than 50%. In Italy the effects showed KEY WORDS a reduction of 15% in average speeds, 51% in the traffic management; section speed control; excessive speed; heterogeneity of speed; 100.0 ] % 1. INTRODUCTION [ 80.0 Driving speed remains one of the most important 60.0 factors in road safety, and speed not only affects the 40.0 severity of a crash but is also related to the risk of being involved in a crash [1-4]. According to the International 20.0 Transport Forum [5], unadjusted and excessive speed 0.0 is the main cause of one third of all fatal road crashes -20.0 -15.0 -10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 -20 e.g. in Ireland, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania. The same All accidents Fatalities conclusions emerge from official statistics published Change in accident/injury rate -40 yearly in Poland by the Police Headquarters [6]. Addi- Light injuries tionally, higher speed involves higher risk of accident -60 Change in speed [%] and possible consequences. Lots of attention is giv- en to an effective speed reduction as 5% reduction Figure 1 – The Power model of the relationship between in speed leads to 10% reduction in accidents causing speed and road safety [2] Promet – Traffic & Transportation, Vol. 31, 2019, No. 4, 435-442 435 Ziolkowski R. Effectiveness of Automatic Section Speed Control System Operating on National Roads in Poland number of fatalities and 27% in the number of the in- and another 14 sections were chosen on national jured. In Norway the reduction of 12% for injury crash- roads running through Podlaskie province and con- es was insignificant, but the number of killed or severe- stituting the reference sections in later comparisons ly injured was significantly reduced by 49% [10-13]. (Figure 2b). In case of automatic section speed control Investigations conducted for this study focused on system, sections of the speed data were gained from sectional speed measurements conducted on several the operator of the system (CANARD – Center for Au- sections of national roads in Poland which were first tomatic Control of Traffic). Speed measurements on equipped with an automatic section speed control sys- those sections were performed with the use of a set tem (ASSC). Investigations included roads where the of two ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) system has been in operation for at least 12 months, cameras installed on the check points. Vehicles pass- so that the drivers were already familiar with its pres- ing through the check points located at the beginning ence. and end point of every controlled section were detect- The main objective of this study paper was to ex- ed and recorded by video-cameras. Each camera read amine the efficiency of the automatic section speed the vehicle number plate and encrypted it using the control system in rural and built-up areas. The as- cryptology methods. When the vehicle exits the section sessment was conducted in terms of its influence the number plate is again read and matched to the on changes of main speed parameters e.g. average plate captured at the beginning of the section. Using speed, speed percentiles, percent of speeding drivers these two data records and the elapsed time between and speed homogeneity. The speed data were record- them, the system calculated the average speed based ed on road sections with the speed control system and on the length of the section. To evaluate the effective- for comparative analysis on other, similar in geometry ness of the ASSC system for comparative analyses 14 characteristics, national roads located in Podlaskie road sections without any but administrative speed voivodship in Poland. restrictions were chosen. Those sections included six rural road segments with 90 km/h speed limit and 2. RESEARCH AREA AND SPEED eight segments in built-up areas: two segments with a ACQUISITION 70 km/h speed limit and six segments with 50 km/h speed limit. The chosen roads are national ones with Research area included 22 sections of national prevailing long distance travellers so it is believed that roads – eight of them under the surveillance of the such conditions would prevent a situation where lo- automatic section speed control system (Figure 2a) cal habits could interfere with results. All investigated ASSC_4 ASSC_2 NR_1 ASSC_3 NR_12 NR_14 NR_7 NR_8 NR_5 NR_2 ASSC_6 NR_6 ASSC_1 NR_10 ASSC_5 NR_9 NR_11 NR_3 ASSC_7 NR_12 ASSC_8 NR_4 NR_13 a) ASSC sections b) Measurement points on reference national roads in Podlaskie province Figure 2 – Speed measurement sites 436 Promet – Traffic & Transportation, Vol. 31, 2019, No. 4, 435-442 Ziolkowski R. Effectiveness of Automatic Section Speed Control System Operating on National Roads in Poland roads are single carriageway, two-directional roads. To effective solutions of speed management because perform section speed measurements on those seg- administrative speed limits are not very powerful as ments a set of two ANPR cameras was used and mea- one of the basic measures being applied. Their effec- surements were accomplished within one month with tiveness, based on the results presented in Table 1, is an average number of 400 vehicles recorded. highly questionable. The average speed recorded on six rural roads 3. DATA ANALYSES with 90 km/h speed limit was 86.4 km/h and the dif- ference between the highest and the lowest average 3.1 Speed measurements on reference speed value was 13.9%. Even more distinct differenc- national roads in Podlaskie voivedeship es can be observed in terms of 85th and 15th percen- tile. The difference between these parameters related Average speed values collected during the mea- to the average speed can be used to evaluate the het- surements and basic speed parameters are present- erogeneity of speed (SH). The highest and the lowest ed in Table 1. The administrative speed limit for those SH values were achieved for road sections NR_6 and sections was 90 km/h on rural roads and 70 km/h or NR_3 (SH = 22.2% and SH = 11.8%, respectively). 50 km/h in the built-up areas. As a general conclusion In case of national road sections in built-up areas arising from the presented data it can be seen that with implemented local 50 km/h speed limits the lots of drivers did not adjust their driving speed to the average speed was 55.3 km/h and the difference in existing speed limit especially in the built-up areas. In average speed between the highest (NR_14) and the each case, except of road section NR_7 and NR_13, lowest (NR_13) section was 31.8%. High heterogeneity the average speed was above the existing limit.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 270360Financing0roads0poland
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized FINANCING ROADS IN POLAND – PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE OPTIONS FINAL REPORT JUNE 2002 comments added in October 2002 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The views and interpretations herein are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the World Bank or to any individual acting on its behalf Financing Roads in Poland... LIST OF CONTENTS Introduction PART A: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PART B: FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1 Study findings...................................................................................................... B/1 1.1 Roads and traffic - present state................................................................ B/1 1.2 Ongoing investments ................................................................................ B/6 1.3 Road financing.......................................................................................... B/8 1.4 Sector approach and European context..................................................... B/11 1.5 New programs........................................................................................... B/15 1.6 Other problems ......................................................................................... B/16 2 Recommendations............................................................................................... B/19 PART C: BACKGROUND REPORT 1 Organization and development of public roads – assessment ........................ C/1 1.1 Organizational responsibility for each category
    [Show full text]
  • Road Transport in Poland - Status and Development Prospects Submitted 18/03/21, 1St Revision 10/04/21, 2Nd Revision 28/04/21, Accepted 10/06/21
    European Research Studies Journal Volume XXIV, Issue 2B, 2021 pp. 276-289 Road Transport in Poland - Status and Development Prospects Submitted 18/03/21, 1st revision 10/04/21, 2nd revision 28/04/21, accepted 10/06/21 Bartosz Zakrzewski1, Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska2 Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present the arguments that motor vehicle transport in Poland has a significant impact on the economic development of the country, not only creating prospects for the development of the Polish army (modern equipment and armaments) but providing citizens of the Republic of Poland with the opportunity to move safely from place to place with modern car fleet on newly built roads. Methodology: Statistical information collected from available sources and reports is the basis for the analyses presented in the article. The primary research method is observation, analysis, and inference. Available source materials from Polish statistical institutions and ministerial ones have been analyzed, and the industry transport journals. Findings: Motor vehicle transport has a significant share in generating GDP. Since 1990, motor vehicle transport in Poland has been developing rapidly and over the last 30 years has been significantly stimulating the economy, created jobs, was the leaven of the scientific and technical progress, made a significant contribution to exports, promoted local investments, and created conditions for cooperation with other industries and science. Practical Implications: Many detailed threads have only been mentioned and are waiting for further development. However, the most important is the decision on the Polish state's support for the further development of the Polish automotive industry, which in the long term will contribute to the security of the Polish state and its inhabitants.
    [Show full text]
  • State Aid Rules and Public Financing of Infrastructure. the Case of Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A
    State Aid Rules and Public Financing of Infrastructure. The Case of Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A. State Aid Rules and Public Financing of Infrastructure. The Case of Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A. Paulina Kubera Poznań University of Technology 2 Jacka Rychlewskiego Str., Poznań 60-965, Poland Email: [email protected] Abstract: The operation of a toll road typically involves an economic activity for which State aid rules apply. However, if the construction and operation of the road infrastructure is bundled and they are tendered out together, they usually fall outside the State aid regime. The reason for it lies in the fact that the use of competitive procurement procedures aim to increase the effi ciency of public expenditure and to ensure a level playing fi eld for private operators to compete for public contracts. Nevertheless, based on the European Commission’s decisional practice, it transpires that an economic advantage for a concession holder cannot be ruled out automatically, in particular when there are amendments made to the original agreement. On the example of the Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A. case, critical State aid issues are discussed, among others, the application of State aid rules to public fi nancing of infrastructure, the amendments made to a concession contract in the light of the risk assignment problem, as well as the existence of State aid in the form of overcompensation for a concession holder. The considerations are carried out on the canvas of a concrete case; however, they are enriched by the analysis of relevant legal provisions as well as conclusions from the EU courts and the European Commission decisions made in similar cases.
    [Show full text]
  • TRANSPORT PUBLIKACJA2 Łu
    Developed by: Wielkopolska Regional Territorial Observatory (Wielkopolskie Regionalne Obserwatorium Terytorialne) Department of Regional Policy the Marshal Office of the Wielkopolska Region SELECTED ISSUES OF TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION 2017 COLLECTION OF ARTICLES Poznań, October 2017 . SELECTED ISSUES OF TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................... 2 PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................ 3 TRANSPORT CORRIDORS / TEN-T ................................................................................................... 5 TRANSPORT POLICY OF THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN SUBSEQUENT EDITIONS OF THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION DEVELOPMENTAL STRATEGY ................................................................................ Bł ąd! Nie zdefiniowano zakładki. EUROPEAN CORRIDORS IN THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION ..................................................................................................................................... 28 WIELKOPOLSKA REGIONAL OPERATIONAL PROGRAM FOR 2014-2020 AND TRANSPORT PLAN FOR THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGIONS AS EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION INSTRUMENTS FOR TRANSPORT POLICY OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE WIELKOPOLSKA REGION ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Modelling Road Traffic Safety Indices by Means of Regression with Panel Data Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup Marzena Nowakowska
    Engineering Management in Production and Services Volume 12 • Issue 4 • 2020 received: 30 July 2020 accepted: 1 December 2020 pages: 40-51 Modelling road traffic safety indices by means of regression with panel data Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup Marzena Nowakowska A B S T R A C T Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita.
    [Show full text]
  • (EU) 2018/556 of 25 August 2017 on the State Aid SA.35356 (2013/C) (Ex 2013/NN, Ex 2012/N) Implemented by Poland for Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A
    10.4.2018 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 92/19 DECISIONS COMMISSION DECISION (EU) 2018/556 of 25 August 2017 on the state aid SA.35356 (2013/C) (ex 2013/NN, ex 2012/N) implemented by Poland for Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A. (notified under document C(2017) 5818) (Only the Polish text is authentic) (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 108(2) thereof, Having regard to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and in particular Article 62(1)(a) thereof, Having called on interested parties to submit their comments pursuant to the provisions cited above (1) and having regard to their comments, Whereas: 1. PROCEDURE (1) By electronic notification of 31 August 2012, registered on the same day, Poland notified to the Commission under Article 108(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (‘TFEU’) State aid in the form of a financial compensation to Autostrada Wielkopolska S.A (‘Autostrada Wielkopolska’). The measure was registered under the State aid case number SA.35356. (2) By letter dated 26 October 2012, the Commission requested further information on the notified measure. Poland provided the requested information by letter of 28 November 2012. (3) By letter dated 29 January 2013, the Commission informed Poland that it would transfer the case to the register of non-notified cases (NN case), due to the fact that the compensation notified to the Commission had already been granted. In addition, the Commission requested further information.
    [Show full text]
  • The Risk Atlas of Poland's National Roads 2008-2010
    The risk atlas of Poland’s national roads 2008-2010 Safer roads save lives EuroRAP — The risk atlas of Poland’s national roads 2008-2010 The risk assessment on the roads The risk mapping on the national roads Twenty-five years ago major actions were undertaken in Poland in Below you will find the map showing the risk of being involved in a order to overcome the unfavourable increase in the number road ac- serious or fatal accident on national roads in Poland in 2008-2010. cident of fatalities. The guidelines for these actions specified by the The risk applies to each individual road user and is calculated on the academics of Gdansk University of Technology, Cracow University of basis of the frequency of severe accidents, i.e. accidents with fatali- Technology, Motor Transport Institute and many other partners con- ties and serious injury on each road section in relation to the number tributed to a 50% reduction in the number of fatalities in Poland. of vehicles that use this section of the road annually (the number of Nevertheless, road safety rates in our country are still exceptionally fatal accidents and serious injury per 1 billion vehicle-kilometers). poor. Levels of risk are presented on a five-point scale: green is used for One of the main objectives of the United Nations’ Decade of Ac- the low risk (i.e., the best safety level); black symbolises the high risk tion for Road Safety launched in May this year is to reduce mortal- (i.e., the worst safety level). The “black sections” of the road mean ity rates in road accidents by 2020 by intensifying actions taken at that the expected risk of being involved in a serious or fatal accident national and international levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Telematics Transport System State of Development of Intelligent Transport Systems Services on National Roads in Poland
    Archives of Volume 10 J. OSKARBSKI, K. MOWIŃSKI, K. ŻARSKI Transport System Issue 4 Telematics November 2017 State of development of intelligent transport systems services on national roads in Poland J. OSKARBSKI, K. MOWIŃSKI, K. ŻARSKI GDAŃSK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland EMAIL: [email protected] ABSTRACT In recent years we can see intensifying implementation of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) measures in Polish cities and on national roads. The architecture of the National Traffic Management System (KSZR) will enable the implementation of a uniform, integrated and intelligent ICT system to launch ITS systems that are the most important for drivers and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (GDDKiA). This paper presents the current state of the implementation of the ITS services on national roads in functional, physical and logical terms and the premises for the KSZR’s development. The description of the state of the development of ITS services on national roads was compiled within the framework of the RID 4D “The impact of the usage of Intelligent Transport Systems services on the level of road safety” research project, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. KEYWORDS: Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITS services, National Traffic Management System, KSZR 1. Introduction things, 25 years of European experience, and the conclusions and observations of the GDDKiA staff during a pilot ITS project The National Traffic Management System (KSZR) is an implementation. The KSZR management is based on the FRAME undertaking that covers Poland’s national roads.
    [Show full text]
  • Company Transport and Logistics Center 3 V
    COMMUNICATIONS OPERATION AND ECONOMICS INCREASING THE FUNCTIONING EFFICIENCY OF THE WORKING WAREHOUSE OF THE “UVK UKRAINE” COMPANY TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS CENTER 3 V. Aulin, A. Hrynkiv, O. Lyashuk, Y. Vovk, S. Lysenko, D. Holub, T. Zamota, A. Pankov, M. Sokol, V. Ratynskyi, O. Lavrentieva SIMULATION OF A QUEUING SYSTEM OF A POST OFFICE IN ANYLOGIC SOFTWARE 15 S. Dutkova, K. Achimsky, P. Drozdziel ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF AIRCRAFT POSITIONING USING THE DUAL-FREQUENCY GPS CODE OBSERVATIONS IN AVIATION 23 K. Krasuski, S. Savchuk DESIGNING OF PARKING SPACES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PARAMETERS OF DESIGN VEHICLES IN RUSSIA 31 M. Mikusova, J. Abdunazarov, J. Zukowska, A. Usmankulov DETERMINANTS OF LABOR MARKET IN JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AREA: A SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF COMMUTERS 42 I. W. Wardhana, D. Setyawan, Khairunnisah METHODS OF PREDICTING THE HEADING, PITCH AND ROLL ANGLES FOR AN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE 52 D. Wierzbicki, K. Krasuski ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY IN POLAND AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION 60 R. S. Jurecki MECHANICAL ENGINEERING OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURE OF ROLLER ELEMENTS GEOMETRY WITH REGARD TO DURABILITY OF SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARINGS 68 J. Steininger, S. Medvecky, R. Kohar, T. Capak ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BASIC COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONALITY AC-AC MATRIX CONVERTER CONCEPTS FOR HEV VEHICLE - PART II 73 B. Dobrucky, S. Kascak, M. Prazenica, R. Konarik ASSESSMENT OF SECURITY RISKS IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT USING THE FUZZY LOGICAL DEDUCTION METHOD 79 L. Hadacek, L. Sivakova, R. Sousek, M. Zeegers CIVIL ENGINEERING THE CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF SELECTED RAILWAY STRUCTURES USING THE AUTONOMOUS DATA LOGGER 88 D. Janostik, V. Nohal, H. Seelmann, J. Smutny MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND INFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF THE ACCEPTANCE FACTOR OF ANDROID-BASED PARKING INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN INDONESIA 97 R.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Development of Intelligent Transport Systems Services on National Roads in Poland Oskarbski Jacek, Mowiński Krystian, Żarski Karol
    State of Development of Intelligent Transport Systems Services on National Roads in Poland Oskarbski Jacek, Mowiński Krystian, Żarski Karol Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland Abstract. In recent years we can see intensifying implementation of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) measures in Polish cities and on national roads. The architecture of the National Traffic Management System (KSZR) will enable the implementation of a uniform, integrated and intelligent ICT system to launch ITS systems that are the most important for drivers and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (GDDKiA). This paper presents the current state of the implementation of the ITS services on national roads in functional, physical and logical terms and the premises for the KSZR’s development. The description of the state of the development of ITS services on national roads was compiled within the framework of the RID 4D “The impact of the usage of Intelligent Transport Systems services on the level of road safety” research project, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways Keywords: Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITS services, National Traffic Management System, KSZR 1 Introduction The National Traffic Management System (KSZR) is an undertaking that covers Poland’s national roads. The key goals and benefits planned to be achieved under the KSZR concern the improvement of: safety by minimising the number of traffic incidents and their results (including by: warning, redirecting traffic, more efficient rescue operations), traffic flow, road maintenance efficiency, quality of cargo freight handling (providing information about free parking space), providing current and forecasted information concerning the traffic conditions on the national road network.
    [Show full text]
  • Methodology of Research on the Impact of ITS Services on the Safety and Efficiency of Road Traffic Using Transport Models
    MATEC Web of Conferences 231, 02008 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823102008 GAMBIT 2018 Methodology of research on the impact of ITS services on the safety and efficiency of road traffic using transport models Jacek Oskarbski1,*, Lucyna Gumińska1, Tomasz Marcinkowski1, Krystian Mowiński1, Izabela Oskarbska1, Grzegorz Oskarbski1, Marcin Zawisza1, and Karol Żarski1 1Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-255, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, Poland Abstract. The current assessment of the impact of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services on the level of traffic safety and efficiency is based mainly on expert assessments, statistical surveys or several traffic safety models requiring development. There is no structured, uniform assessment method that would give the opportunity to compare the impact of ITS services and their different configurations. The paper presents the methodology for researching the effectiveness of ITS services implementation using transport models and key indicators allowing such an assessment. An approach was used in which the impact of ITS services is analysed using macro, meso and microscopic models. Macro and mesoscopic models allow estimation of the impact of ITS services on the efficiency of transport network operation and constitute the basis of analyses at the microscopic level, which takes into account the behaviour of drivers through the use of car following and lane change models. As part of the analyses, road network test models (for motorways and expressways along with an alternative route) were developed. Test models include road class, network topology, and different traffic intensity. The models were calibrated using real data (data from the traffic measurement station, data measured in the field, traffic distribution data from the VIATOLL charging system) and data from the vehicle simulator.
    [Show full text]
  • Road Traffic Injuries in Poland: Magnitude and Risk Factors
    European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (2019) 45:815–820 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-019-01093-6 REVIEW ARTICLE Road traffic injuries in Poland: magnitude and risk factors Witold Pawłowski1 · Krzysztof Goniewicz2 · David C. Schwebel3 · Jiabin Shen4 · Mariusz Goniewicz5 Received: 23 December 2018 / Accepted: 7 February 2019 / Published online: 12 February 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Introduction The article presents the epidemiology of road traffic injuries and fatalities in Poland in the years 2004–2014. In Poland, every fourth death caused by external reasons is the result of a road traffic crash and Poland has one of the highest road fatality rates in relation to vehicle ownership in Europe, with an average 23 deaths per million residents. This rate is two times higher than most other European Union countries. Materials and methods The research is based on a secondary analysis of data contained in multiple Polish governmental reports, including those of the Prevention and Analysis Office of Road Traffic Headquarters of Police, National Road Safety Program—GAMBIT 2005, National Road Safety Program 2013 to 2020, and Strategy for Efficient State in 2020, plus pre- vious publications describing road safety in Poland. Data were analysed in two steps. First, the data were described using means and frequencies, and tabulated according to variables. Second, we considered the time frame (day, month, and year of the occurrence), the place and the circumstances of fatal road crashes, the kind of event, and types of road crashes. Results Between 2004 and 2014, there were 475,591 traffic crashes on Polish roads.
    [Show full text]