Duke Human Vaccine Institute Many Fronts, One Goal: Eliminate HIV/AIDS from the Planet Message from the Dean

FALL 2016

Duke Human Vaccine Institute Many Fronts, One Goal: Eliminate HIV/AIDS from the Planet message from the dean

IN LATE JULY I announced that I will step down tology, Orthopaedic Surgery, Neurology, and DukeMed AlumniNews as dean of Duke University School of Medicine Neurosurgery; is published by the Duke Medical Alumni Association. in June 2017, at the end of my second five-year • Creation of the Duke Cancer Institute; Issues are available online at term. I have always believed that institutions medalumni.duke.edu. benefit when leadership is periodically refreshed, • Development of new educational programs Your comments, ideas, and letters to the editor are welcome. and I believe the time is right. including the Primary Care Leadership Track, Please contact us at: Scholars in Molecular Medicine, Master of When I came to Duke as dean in 2007, I found DukeMed AlumniNews Biomedical Sciences, MS and PhD in Bio- 710 W. Main Street, Suite 200 an extraordinarily vibrant community of schol- statistics, and Master of Management in Durham, NC 27701-3973 ars, staff, administrators, students, alumni, and 919-385-3100 Clinical Informatics; friends—all dedicated to accomplishing great e-mail: [email protected] things, to living up to Duke’s values and aspi- • Launch of new interdisciplinary research Editor rations, and to making the world a better and initiatives including the Duke Molecular Marty Fisher healthier place. Physiology Institute, Center for Genomics of Assistant Editor Microbial Systems, Center for Human Disease & Art Director Together, we have made great strides and Modeling, Center for RNA Biology, Center for David Pickel achieved far more than anyone would have Genomics and Computational Biology, Center Contributing Writers expected—especially during one of the most for Statistical Genetics and Genomics, Regen- Bernadette Gillis, Dave Hart, financially chal- Jim Rogalski, Andrea Martin eration Next, and the Center for Population lenging periods Health Sciences; Photography for academic Ken Huth, Jared Lazarus, medical centers: • Creation of MEDx, a School of Medicine Shawn Rocco, Jim Rogalski partnership with the Pratt School of Engi- Duke Photography • Construction neering; and of the first new Cover photograph Photograph Ken Huth medical edu- • Creation of the School’s first inclusion council cation building and implementation of numerous initiatives Produced by since 1930, the focused on improving diversity and inclusion in Duke Health Development and Alumni Affairs. Mary Duke Bid- the school. Copyright Duke University, 2016 dle Trent Semans DHDAA 6102 As I’ve told many colleagues at Duke and around Center for Health the country, I have never seen a more loyal and DukeMed AlumniNews is Education; engaged group of alumni than ours. I have very mailed two times a year to alumni, donors, and friends • Construction of much enjoyed serving as your dean and will al- of Duke University the Hudson Building at Duke Eye Center; ways be grateful for your support of me and for School of Medicine. your continued support of our great university • Creation of a satellite campus for the School in and medical school. the Durham Innovation District; With warm wishes, • Two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry awarded for work done by Duke School of Medicine faculty members;

• Groundbreaking scientific breakthroughs Nancy C. Andrews, MD, PhD translated into improved care for patients—too Dean, Duke University School of Medicine Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs numerous to mention; Nanaline H. Duke Professor of Medicine Professor, Pediatrics • Creation of four new departments: Derma- Professor, Pharmacology and Cancer Biology

Nancy C. Andrews, MD, PhD Scott Gibson, MBA Edward G. Buckley, MD Theodore N. Pappas, MD Raphael Valdivia, PhD Dean, Duke University School Executive Vice Dean for Vice Dean for Education Vice Dean for Medical Affairs Vice Dean for Basic Science of Medicine Administration Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Billy Newton Iain Sanderson, BM, BCh Judy Seidenstein Duke University L. Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH Vice Dean for Finance Vice Dean for Research Informatics Chief Diversity Officer Vice Dean for Translational Sciences Mark Stacy, MD Jill Boy Ann Brown, MD, MHS Vice Dean for Clinical Research Associate Dean and Vice Dean for Faculty Chief Communications Officer

contents

In Brief Features In Brief

03 Nobel Laureates Community and Family Medicine Receive North Carolina Award Celebrates 50th Anniversary Page 16

06 Hwang Named to Medical Alumni TIME’s 100 Most 13 Association News Influential List

Seeking Out Deadly Pathogens in Rural Mongolia Page 18 08 Construction Begins on New Research Building

14 Philanthropy News

ETC. 36 Class Notes 38 Obituaries Human Vaccine Institute Seeks to Eliminate HIV and Other Scourges Page 24

12 Research Highlights First-in-Southeast Transgender Clinic Provides Care,

Support, and Education 42 Match Day Page 30

DukeMedAlumniNews | 1 from our readers

Memories had a case of childhood poisoning, the in Phoenix, part of the Barrow Neuro- chief of pediatrics would mention Dr. logical Institute. of Leaders Arena’s work. “At the dedication ceremony, I asked Eugene Guazzo, MD’65, sends mem- “As a matter of coincidence, also in Mrs. Ali what we could do for them, ories of two favorite professors, Hans my residency, I was reminded, almost and she said, ‘Muhammed wants you Lowenbach, MD, professor of pedi- on a daily basis, of Dr. and Mrs. Arena. to take care of everyone, regardless of atrics and psychiatry, and Jay Arena, They were supporters of a convent of their ability to pay,’” Stacy remembers. MD’32, HS’32. cloistered nuns that was located high That was a tall order. “When Lowenbach lectured, he up on a hill overlooking the medical Stacy’s colleagues told him it often brought a patient with him to center. Hospital house staff would wouldn’t work; it was too expensive to the amphitheater. He would take the hear—if the wind was just right—the give that much free care. patient’s history right before all of us, nuns’ steeple bell, calling them to It was impossible, they said. clearly giving an actual ‘living’ example prayer and giving us pause.” But we know what Ali said about of the development of a diagnosis or impossible: “Impossible is not a fact. syndrome. From Muhammad Ali— It’s an opinion. Impossible is not a “Dr. Lowenbach was a broadly the Gift of Courage declaration. It’s a dare. Impossible is trained and experienced clinician. This potential. Impossible is temporary. Impossible is nothing.” was apparent from his lecturing. But, Editor’s note: the following was having visited his home—he lived on excerpted from an article by Elizabeth a farm and raised sheep—I came to Cohen, senior medical correspondent realize even more, how broad was his with CNN, published on June 6. medical experience. Something that Muhammed Ali didn’t like air condi- made…me remember this was what tioning. was above the mantel of his fireplace: So when he traveled in a car through a whaling harpoon! the streets of Phoenix one March day “I had to ask about this, and found in 2001, he asked the man driving to that he had been a whaling ship’s roll down the windows. surgeon.” Then he asked him to get in the far “Almost every time I put a cap on left lane. a childproof container, I think of Dr. Parkinson’s disease had taken its toll, Arena. He convinced the pharmaceu- and the heavyweight champion of the tical industry and pharmacies to make world had difficulty moving and speak- child-resistant containers standard. The ing, but still, he had a plan. food industry also followed…Medical “At stoplights, he would reach out care for children, usually less than 4-5 to the car next to us, and his arm was years of age, who had been poisoned so long, he could tap on their window, with medicine…and with other… and when they looked up, he’d say, products was a significant problem. ‘Hello from the greatest of all time!’ Well over 500 children died every year. Then the light would turn green, and Mark Stacy and Muhammed Ali This was reduced by about 90 percent we’d drive off,” the driver remembers, after 1960 when childproof medical laughing. Stacy’s colleagues advised him not to containers came into use. “Muhammed just loved that,” he even mention the idea to the hospital’s “I was also reminded of him in my said. leadership; it would just alienate them. residency training at Hunterdon Medi- The fun in the car was just one of He ignored them. cal Center in New Jersey whenever we many memorable moments in a rela- “That’s one of the gifts Mu- tionship that lasted nearly two decades hammed gave me: the gift of cour- Jay Arena Hans Lowenbach between Ali and the person behind age,” Stacy said. the wheel: Mark Stacy, MD, currently a At a meeting of the hospital’s professor of neurology and vice dean highest executives, [he] announced he for clinical research in the School of wanted the center to treat people for Medicine, who was then director of free if they couldn’t pay. the Muhammad Ali Parkinson Center He could read the room. They were people

Paul Modrich

“That’s one of the gifts Kastan Elected to Nobel Laureates Muhammed gave me: Academy of Sciences Receive the gift of courage.” North Carolina Award Michael Kastan, MD, PhD, executive Mark Stacy director of Duke Cancer Institute, has Nobel laureates Paul Modrich, PhD, been elected to the National Acade- of Duke and Aziz Sancar, PhD, of skeptical. Parkinson’s care is expen- my of Sciences. sive. They didn’t see how it would UNC-Chapel Hill, received the North Kastan’s research spans more Carolina Award, the state’s highest work. than three decades and includes “I said, ‘This is a Catholic hospital, honor, in September. several focus areas, including cellular Modrich is the James B. Duke founded on the priniciple of provid- responses to DNA damage and their ing care to people regardless of their Professor of Biochemistry, and Sancar impact on cell viability and cancer is the Sarah Graham Kenan Professor ability to pay,’” Stacy remembers. formation. He has led the Duke Can- A nun who was in the room stood of Biochemistry and Biophysics at UNC. cer Institute since 2011 and also is They shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in up. the William and Jane Shingleton Pro- “She said, ‘That’s exactly right,’ chemistry for their independent discov- fessor of Pharmacology and Cancer eries on DNA repair mechanisms. Stacy remembers. Biology and professor of pediatrics at And the center started delivering Duke University School of Medicine. free care to those who needed it— AOA Elects Prior to joining Duke, Kastan New Members dozens of people every year, Stacy was director of the Comprehensive said. Cancer Center at St. Jude Children’s Three faculty members and 10 medical Another one of Ali’s gifts Stacy will Research Hospital. During his tenure students have been elected into the always treasure is the gift of mental there, the facility became the only Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Honor toughness. pediatric hospital designated by the Society. The selection criteria include At [a fundraising event] Stacy National Cancer Institute as a Com- scholastic achievement, leadership worried that Ali wouldn’t be able prehensive Cancer Center. capabilities, ethical standards, fairness in to make it through [the five hour Kastan is the recipient of numer- dealing with colleagues, demonstrated program.] ous honors, including elections to the professionalism, achievement and/or “At the end of the evening, he American Academy of Arts and Sci- potential for achievement in medicine, was exhausted, and I said to myself, ences and the Institute of Medicine and a record of service to the school ‘Please, please, please don’t ask him of the National Academies. He was and community at large. Membership in to come up on stage,’” he said. “But also elected a fellow of the American AOA is a distinction that accompanies a they did. And he would rally. When Association for the Advancement of physician throughout his or her career. he stepped up on that stage, he Science in 2014. became the heavyweight champion Only three faculty—a tenured profes- of the world again. sor, an associate or assistant professor, Where did Ali get his strength to and an alumnus/a are elected each work so hard as Parkinson’s ravaged year. The faculty elected for 2016 are: his body? How did he not fall victim Ann Reed, MD, the William Cleland to depression or frustration? Either Professor and chair of pediatrics; one would have been understand- Raymond Barfield, MD, PhD, associate able. professor of pediatrics, hematology-on- Some of his strength came from cology; and Scott Palmer, MD’93, his Muslim faith, Stacy said. But the HS’93-’99, MBA’00, Professor of Med- rest is a mystery. icine; member, Duke Clinical Research Michael Kastan “To be the heavyweight champion Institute; vice-chair, research, Depart- of the world, the greatest boxer of ment of Medicine. all time, you have to have something The medical students elected for that we don’t understand—or cer- 2016 are: Margot Cullen, Ronnie tainly people like me don’t under- Shammas, Leslie Chang, Adam Glen- stand,” he said. er, Michael Harowicz, Lauren Pontius, “I was lucky to have known him.” Mary Labowsky, Jackie Henson, Jeffery Sakamoto, and Kevin Schwartz.

DukeMedAlumniNews | 3 Come back to revisit, reconnect, rekindle Medical Alumni Weekend 2016 November 10–13, 2016

THURSDAY Alumni and Davison Club Welcome Reception

UNC vs. Duke Football Game

FRIDAY 3rd Annual Women in Medicine Luncheon

Educational Programming featuring new horizons in cardiology, psychiatry, and infectious diseases Medical Alumni Association awards dinner Duke University School of Medicine

REGISTRATION HOST HOTEL SATURDAY There are many more Breakfast with Dean Nancy Andrews, MD, PhD Washington Duke Inn educational and entertaining with Nobel laureates Robert J. Lefkowitz, MD, 3001 Cameron activities planned. For full and Paul Modrich, MD Boulevard,Durham details and to register, please Phone 919-490-0999 Class Dinners, Dessert, and Dancing visit medalumni.duke.edu. Contact Brenda Rimmer if Last day to register is you need to change your November 4! Lefkowitz Modrich reservation. TRANSPORTATION Buses will shuttle between the Washington Duke Inn and event locations throughout the weekend. people

Shelley Hwang John Alexander Rasheed Sallie Permar Allan Kirk Gbadegesin Hwang Named The $6.6 million award covers seven and David Kirsch, MD, PhD, were years and will fund ongoing research in elected to the AAP. Kirk is the David One of TIME’s 100 Kirsch’s lab to improve the efficacy and C. Sabiston Professor and chair of the Most Influential safety of radiation therapy for people Department of Surgery. Kirsch is the with cancer. Kirsch joins approximately Barbara Levine University Professor Shelley Hwang, MD, chief of breast 60 recipients nationwide who have with appointments in the departments surgery at Duke Cancer Institute, has been selected for “providing significant of radiation oncology and pharmacolo- been named one of TIME’s 100 most contributions toward understanding gy and cancer biology. influential people for 2016 as a pioneer cancer and developing applications in her field. that may lead to a breakthrough in Six MD Students One of the world’s foremost experts biomedical, behavioral, or clinical can- in early-stage breast cancers, Hwang cer research,” according to the NCI. Chosen as Howard has become an international leader Kirsch and his team use mouse Hughes Research calling for research to guide treatment genetics to study how radiation can Fellows for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), in cure some cancers and how it also which abnormal cells are detected in causes toxicity or negative side effects. The Howard Hughes Medical Institute the lining of a milk duct, but haven’t Learning more about the cells that are (HHMI) has awarded fellowships to five spread to other tissues. responsible for toxicity and those that Duke medical students and a renewal DCIS is the most common form of control tumors can help researchers to a sixth. Each medical fellow receives non-invasive breast cancer in the U.S., develop new drug targets that could $41,000 in grant support, and first- and accounts for about 20 percent of potentially reduce side effects of radia- year fellows are eligible to apply for a all new breast cancer cases diagnosed tion and help it be more effective. second year in the program. from mammogram screenings. But Kirsch shares the honor with stu- HHMI is one of the few privately doctors are divided on how some dents and post-doctoral fellows in the funded programs in the nation that patients with low-risk DCIS should be School of Medicine and Duke Cancer sponsor year-long fellowships for med- treated. Institute who have worked in his lab ical, dental, and veterinary students. Hwang’s research and advocacy for since he arrived at Duke in 2007. The fellowship awardees are Melissa a more informed approach to DCIS Abel, Momodou Jammeh, Jerry Lee, treatments—which could include Faculty Elected to Gabriel Neves, Xiaojie Zhang, and lumpectomy and/or ongoing surveil- ASCI and AAP Chelsea Feldman, who was renewed lance instead of aggressive radiation or for a second year. mastectomy—has helped spur international discussion. She has been a voice Five School of Medicine faculty mem- for women who are diagnosed with bers were elected to the American Four Appointed DCIS to receive the best treatment Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI) to Distinguished available while sparing them unnec- and the Association of American Physi- Professorships essary procedures that don’t help, or cians (AAP). may even cause harm. John Alexander, MD, MHS; Rasheed Gbadegesin, MD, MBBS; and Sallie Four School of Medicine faculty Permar, MD, PhD, were elected to members were awarded distinguished Kirsch Wins NCI the ASCI. Alexander is a professor of professorships, the most prestigious Outstanding medicine and vice chief for clinical positions in academia, at a May 4 Investigator Award research in the Division of Cardiology. dinner celebration. Gbadegesin is an associate professor of James Abbruzzese, MD, is the pediatrics and nephrology. Permar is an Charles Johnson, MD, Professor of The National Cancer Institute has Medicine. He is a professor in the awarded a prestigious Outstanding associate professor of pediatrics. Allan Kirk, MD’87, PhD’92, HS’95, Investigator Award to David Kirsch, Momodou MD, PhD, the Barbara Levine University David Kirsch Melissa Abel Jammeh Professor with appointments in the departments of Radiation Oncology and Pharmacology and Cancer Biology.

6 | DukeMedAlumniNews people

Jerry Lee Gabriel Neves Xiaojie Zhang Chelsea Feldman Ebony Boulware

Department of Medicine and chief Students Honor Johnston Finishes of the Division of Medical Oncology. He also serves as associate director Teachers with Golden 12th in Olympic Diving of clinical research and training in the Apple Awards Duke Cancer Institute. He is one of Abby Johnston, MSIII, finished the world’s foremost investigators in The Golden Apple Awards are the 12th in the 3-meter springboard the clinical study and treatment of highest honors for teaching present- Olympic finals in Brazil in August. pancreatic cancer. ed by the School of Medicine’s stu- After the competition in Rio de David Kirsch, MD, PhD, is the Bar- dent body. The 2016 awardees are Janiero, Johnston, who won silver bara Levine University Professor with Leonard White, PhD, associate pro- in synchronized diving at the 2012 appointments in Radiation Oncology fessor of orthopaedic surgery; Saumil London Olympics, was ready to look and Pharmacology and Cancer Biol- Chudgar, MD, assistant professor of toward the future. She started her ogy. He also serves as vice chair for medicine; and Brian Gilmore, MD, third year of medical school nine basic and translational research in the a member of the general surgery days after the Olympics. She’s also Department of Radiation Oncology house staff. planning a wedding, after getting and leads the Duke Cancer Institute’s engaged this summer to Duke assis- Radiation Oncology and Imaging Re- Boulware Receives tant football coach Sam McGrath. search Program. He is an internation- “I’ll be doing my clinical rotations ally recognized expert in sarcoma. Mid-Career and planning a wedding. So I do Stuart Knechtle, MD, is a Mary Mentoring Award have a lot to look forward to, and I and Deryl Hart Professor of Surgery. am happy to close this chapter of my He also serves as executive director Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH, associate life,” said Johnston. of Duke’s Transplant Center. He is a dean for clinical and translational nationally recognized surgeon and a science in the School of Medicine leader in the field of liver and kidney and chief of the Division of General transplantation who performed the Internal Medicine in the Department first combined liver/pancreas trans- of Medicine, was selected to receive plant in the state of Wisconsin. the 2016 Society of General Internal Peter K. Smith, MD, is a Mary and Medicine’s Mid-Career Research and Deryl Hart Professor of Surgery. He is Mentorship Award. The award is chief of the Division of Cardiovascu- given each year to honor a superb lar and Thoracic Surgery, co-director mid-career clinician investigator who of the Duke Heart Center, and chief is actively engaged in research and of cardiac surgery at the Durham VA in the mentorship of junior investi- Medical Center. He also is an associ- gators. ate professor of biomedical engineering in the Pratt School of Engineering at Duke and a member of the Duke Clinical Research Institute.

JARED LAZARUS Olympian and medical student Abby Johnston James Abbruzzese Peter K. Smith Saumil Chudgar Brian Gilmore news briefs

Med School Ranks 8th in Research and Primary Care

The School of Medicine ranked eighth in research, and for the first time in

th Construction Begins on New Research Building Construction has started on a third New Medical Medical Sciences Research Building Sciences (MSRB III). Research Building 8 (MSRB III) its history ranked among the top 10 The $103 million, 155,000-square-

Fulton Street in primary care, at eighth, according foot building will be located on Erwin Ro P Erwin Road ad to U.S. News & World Report. In Research Drive and will exclusively addition, the Duke Physician Assistant house bench lab research. With six Erwin Road floors above ground and one below, Research Drive Program remained ranked number MSRB II P one, and the Doctor of Physical Thera- MSRB III will significantly relieve the LaSalle Street py Program ranked 10th. current shortage of research space in

rive

the medical school. D Three key specialty areas also Erwin Road

“This is not a place where we will Genome Science ent placed in the top 10 nationally: inter- Tr Research Building II nal medicine ranked fifth, geriatrics simply be relocating labs and depart- ranked seventh, and family medicine ments,” said Raphael Valdivia, PhD, ranked 10th. vice dean for basic science. “It will allow us to create research synergies P Duke Hospital and build thematically aligned groups of Medicine will also be adding to its that will expand and strengthen our leased research space inCircuit Durham Drive in Research Drive P Ranked 16th research portfolio. And certainly it will anCircuit Drivareae dubbed the Durham Innova- decompress research space constraints tion District. Duke University currently Duke University Hospital has been Flowers Drive so that we can build on the specific leases 100,000 square feet in the ranked 16th nationally by U.S. News thematic areas that the chancellor has newly renovated Carmichael Building & World Report. identified—including transplantation on Duke Street, and it plans to lease immunology, neurosciences, and car- another 100,000 square feet in the diovascular disease—across campus.” Chesterfield Building, now under reno- MSRB III joins the 190,000-square- vation on West Main Street. foot MSRB I, which opened in 1994, The completion date is targeted for th and the 165,000-square-foot MSRB late summer or fall of 2018. II, which opened in 2006. The School Science Drive

e 16 Chapel Drive In addition to being included on the al rates, technology, and the hospital’s • Ophthalmology (No. 6) Flowers Driv national Honor Roll, Duke University excellence in a number of specialties. • Orthopaedics (No. 15) Hospital remains number one in North Duke has earned a spot in the rankings • Pulmonology (No. 5; Carolina and number one in the Ra- for more than 20 years. two-way tie) leigh-Durham area. Duke also earned top-20 rankings in • Rheumatology (No. 13) Honor Roll designations were award- seven adult specialties in the 2016-17 • Urology (No. 9) ed to just 20 hospitals out of nearly report: In addition, Duke Regional Hospital 5,000 institutions across the country. • Cardiology and Heart Surgery was ranked 16th in North Carolina and Rankings consider patient safety, surviv- (No. 5) sixth in the Raleigh-Durham area. Duke • Diabetes and Endocrinology Raleigh Hospital was listed at 11th in (No. 18) the state and fourth in the Triangle. 8 | DukeMedAlumniNews research

Monkeys Drive options. Currently, women with the Wheelchairs Using % BRCA1 mutation often have preven- 72 tive mastectomy as well as ovary and Only Their Thoughts of gun suicides involved fallopian tube removal. But conflict- people who could legally ing evidence has created controversy Neuroscientists at Duke Health have have guns over the need to remove the uterus. developed a brain-machine interface The study indicates that women with (BMI) that allows primates to use the genetic mutation should at least only their thoughts to navigate a discuss with their doctors the option robotic wheelchair. of having a hysterectomy along with The BMI uses signals from hun- removal of their ovaries and fallopian dreds of neurons recorded simultane- tubes. ously in two regions of the monkeys’ brains that are involved in movement 62% New Solutions and sensation. As the animals think of gun-related violent crime arrests involved people for UTIs? about moving toward their goal—in already prohibited from this case a bowl of fresh grapes— having guns computers translate their brain The process cells use to secrete chem- activity into real-time operation of icals also appears to be the way to the wheelchair. clear urinary tract infections, or UTIs, Described in the journal Scientific according to a study by researchers Reports, the interface demonstrates at Duke Health and Duke-National the future potential for people with University Singapore. 26% The process, which has been pre- disabilities who have lost most of adults in the study faced viously understood to be a way for muscle control and mobility due to involuntary mental health quadriplegia or ALS. exam but kept gun rights cells to release soluble materials such as hormones, has been redefined as Suicide Often playing an equally crucial role in pro- their deaths. tecting the body against infections. Committed with The study findings can be used Reported in the journal Immunity, Legally Purchased Gun to guide federal and state efforts to the study used mice and cultured more precisely tailor mental health human bladder cells. It suggests new A new Duke Health analysis showed related legal restrictions to reduce gun targets for developing remedies for that people with serious mental violence. UTIs, the second-most prevalent type illnesses who use guns to commit of bacterial infection. suicide are often legally able to pur- BRCA1 Gene chase guns. Virus or Bacterial Published in the June issue of Mutation Elevates Health Affairs, the study looked at Uterine Cancer Risk Infection? There gun use, violent crime, and suicide May Be a Blood among 81,704 people diagnosed Women who carry the BRCA1 gene Test for That with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, mutation, which dramatically increases or major depression in Florida’s Mi- their risk of breast and ovarian cancers, Researchers at Duke Health are ami-Dade and Pinellas counties over are also at higher risk for a lethal form fine-tuning a test that can deter- 10 years. Over that time, 254 study of uterine cancer, according to a Duke mine whether a respiratory illness is subjects committed suicide—nearly Cancer Institute study. caused by infection from a virus or four times the average suicide rate of This newly defined risk—the first to bacteria so that antibiotics can be the general adult population in Flor- show a conclusive link between the more precisely prescribed. ida during the same time period. Of BRCA1 gene mutation and a small The team of infectious disease the 50 people who used a gun to kill but significant chance of develop- and genomics experts has devel- themselves, 72 percent were legally ing uterine cancer-could become a oped what they call gene signatures, eligible to buy guns at the time of consideration in weighing treatment continued on page 11

DukeMedAlumniNews | 9 research

Patient Rene Chavez talks with Joel Pena, MD, his interpreter from the Duke International Patient Center.

Duke Performs N.C.’s First Hand Transplant A Duke Health team performed the anti-rejection drug called belatacept. first hand transplant in North Car- Duke is one of only about 10 hos- olina in May, attaching the limb to pitals in the U.S. that has performed a 54-year-old patient from Laredo, a hand transplant. The surgery is dif- Texas, whose hand was severed in a ficult, involving an intricate process childhood accident. of connecting bone, blood vessels, The highly complex, 12-hour muscle, nerve, tendons, and skin. procedure marks the beginning of a Matching the limb from a deceased

SHAWN ROCCO clinical trial at Duke to determine the donor and controlling rejection is safety and efficacy of hand trans- also complex, adding to the rarity of plantation and the efficacy of a new the procedure. 10 | DukeMedAlumniNews research

continued from page 9 These proteins help the cell avoid the treatment may offer substantial patterns that reflect which of a injury and even death from unwant- improvement over available standard patient’s genes are turned on or off, ed activation of the immune system. therapy. to indicate whether someone is fight- The antibody dismantles a specific The poliovirus therapy uses a ing infection from a virus or bacteria. part of this defense system and modified form of poliovirus that has Results can be derived from a small then employs several mechanisms of been altered to eliminate harm. It sample of a patient’s blood. attack. It was discovered, developed, attacks cancer cells, which have an Described in the journal Science and tested in cell lines and animal abundance of receptors that work Translational Medicine, the study models at Duke. like magnets to attract the poliovirus. found that the signatures were 87 The antibody is said to be the first The modified virus then kills the in- percent accurate in classifying more completely human-derived antibody fected tumor cells while also igniting than 300 patients with flu viruses, developed as an anti-cancer therapy. an additional immune response. rhinovirus, several strep bacteria, The Duke paper was published online and other common infections, as in Cell Reports. Duke Health well as showing when no infection Receives IBM Health was present. Poliovirus Therapy Corps Award Wins FDA Walking Speed As “Breakthrough” Status Duke was one of five institutions Health Indicator worldwide selected as part of IBM’s The recombinant poliovirus therapy new Health Corps program, which Walking speed is making strides developed at Duke’s Preston Robert aims to address disparities in health. toward becoming a key metric of a Tisch Brain Tumor Center has been The company’s pro bono initiative person’s health with the launch of granted “breakthrough therapy will provide an estimated $2.5 million the 6th Vital Sign, a first-of-its-kind designation” from the U.S. Food and in expertise to Duke and the other study being conducted by the Duke Drug Administration. recipients to set up data, analytics, Clinical Research Institute. The designation will expedite and cognitive and cloud computing Volunteers participating in the research into the poliovirus therapy, for public health projects worldwide. study download a free ResearchKit but it does not mean the investi- The company’s work with Duke app from the Apple iTunes store, an- gational drug has been approved will be through its Center for Com- swer some questions, and then take for clinical use. It is currently being munity and Population Health Im- a two-minute stroll. The app securely tested in a clinical trial for adults with provement, a member of the Healthy uploads walking speed captured on a advanced glioblastoma brain tumors. Durham partnership that was formed phone along with demographic data To receive breakthrough status, pre- to eliminate health disparities in the to calculate a reliable and personal- liminary evidence must indicate that Durham community. ized health measure.

The lab of Matthias Gromeier, MD, developed and tested the Cancer poliovirus therapy. Immunotherapy: New Antibody Targets Cancer Cells

A research team from Duke Health has developed an antibody from the body’s own immune system that preferentially attacks cancer cells. The antibody works by targeting a natural defense mechanism that cancer tumors exploit. Cells essential- ly use a “home security system” that relies on certain proteins to protect

the cell surface and keep it safe. SHAWN ROCCO 12 research

quent needle sticks. But such grafts are are But such grafts sticks. quent needle from fre degrades vessel blood their when graft require asynthetic often patients These required dialysis. who failure kidney with patients 60 among 2study resultare of the aphase dialysis. ney kid undergoing for patients versions synthetic used thandurable commonly more and safe both to be appear cyte company Huma tissue-engineering at Duke,by researchers Yale, the and developed vessels blood Man-made and Durable Vessel Safe Appears Bioengineered Blood ciated with tailor-made products. tailor-made ciated with asso waiting period the without used be that alternative can an off-the-shelf contains human no cells, offers it cyte by Duke,developed Yale, Huma and than synthetics. better no to perform nor, shown have animal or tissue been ado patient, from the derived grafts complications. Alternative tailor-made other and clotting, toprone infection,

Because the man-made blood vessel vessel blood man-made the Because in Published DukeMed AlumniNews The Lancet The , the findings findings , the ------

SHAWN ROCCO drugs that simultaneously block two two block thatdrugs simultaneously of smalla potential class molecule new A Duke team research has discovered Pain Relievers Discover New Class of Duke Scientists therapies to treat cancer. breast Medicine in ings, published find the hope researchers The bones. to frequently the vanquished—most being seemingly return after cancers destruction. for targeted be can they where stream, by out or flushinginto them blood the cells marrow from entering bone the either preventing cancer the breast by tactic this stealth outmaneuver have found tomice, ways scientists eradicate them. otherwise that could therapies py hormonal or chemothera from protected be may marrow,in mice. bone the Within they marrow cells tocancer use invade bone molecular a thatkey breast identified at Duke Cancer have Institute Scientists PlaceNo to Hide Have Soon May Cancer Breast The problem is, some breast breast some is, problem The in of experiments years Through , could eventually to new lead Science Translational

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- 13 14

The James R. Urbaniak, MD, Sports Sci MD, Urbaniak, Sports R. James The Urbaniak Honors Institute Sciences Sports New Duke. at Institute Sciences Sports Urbaniak the of dedication the celebrate to hand on were Krzyzewski Michael Coach Basketball Men’s Duke and MSc; T’83, HS’87-‘93 MD; Urbaniak, Jim MD; Scott, Steve and Rebecca left, From icine, sports ophthalmology, sports ophthalmology, sports icine, sports med sports pediatric performance, prevention sports and medicine, injury sports care primary treatments, cal surgi clinical and include Services for amateur and professional athletes. clinical care and search, education, from 1985 to 2002. Surgery of Orthopaedic Division the of chief and Baker Professor Flowers Virginia inas research leadership tional ’69 HS’62- MD’62, Urbaniak, R. James to is institute honor named new the HS’74-’78 from million celebration. and house anopen with in June, dedicated was Institute ences

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The new institute integrates institute new re The of $20 by agift possible Made , for his years of service and interna and of, for service his years DukeMed AlumniNews , and his wife, Rebecca, his, and wife, Rebecca, Steven M. Scott, MD, MD, Scott, Steven M. ; President Richard Brodhead, PhD; Chancellor Eugene Washington, MD, MD, Washington, Eugene Chancellor PhD; Brodhead, Richard ; President - - - - - Fan Fan ing puzzle of human consciousness of human consciousness ing puzzle long-stand the want to who solve ers Two brain research of Medicine School Researchers Brain Career Early Keck Grant Funds (K-Lab). mance Laboratory Human Perfor W.Michael Krzyzewski imaging the and including high-speed rehabilitation, and kinematic research, improved care, preference-based and personalized cellular and tive therapies, regenera of new development trials, treatment. concussion and neurology sports and medicine, cardiology, women’s sports Research components include clinical clinical include components Research Wang Claude Claude T. Moorman III, MD, MD, III, T. Moorman Kafui Kafui Dzirasa - - - -

MEGAN MENDENHALL chemically and electrically to create electrically and chemically trace will labs cellular activity two the neurons, anesthesia-affected the as states. unconscious and conscious the brain the in govern that circuits specific tothe find attempt will pair ology. The neurobi and engineering, biomedical sciences, behavioral and of psychiatry HS-current, MD’09, biology, and cell and of neurobiology professor of labs Fanogy Wang, PhD, associate Consciousness” neurobiol the pair will W.M.by the Keck Foundation. a$1 awarded have been million grant of the Dukeof the for Brain Institute Sciences. brain. in the circuits manipulate measure and cally specific to electri probes is using engineered Award Barack Obama, from President Career Early aPresidential year won this Achievement Award earlier who Career Early Association’s Alumni ical brains of mice. motor and in neural the circuits sensory map precisely and signals to identify chemical and methods molecular novel states,” Wang said. from coma vegetative or patients en to re-awak targets tential therapeutic in mice. state unconscious anesthesia-induced in the perception conscious sustain can brain multiple regions across activity neural of patterns specific instilling whether to determine attempt will they areidentified, circuits specific those Once neural ofmaps the networks. Focusing on afamily on of cellsFocusing known “Unraveling Gate to Neural the Both researchers are also members members are also researchers Both Dzirasa, a2016 Med of the recipient using for work her isShe known “Our po could results help identify Kafui Dzirasa, PhD’07, Dzirasa, Kafui assistant professor ------testimonials from patients and their their and from patients testimonials Eugene Washington, MD, MSc. by Chancellor inannounced January plan Duke a new strategic Health that brought to life of key points anevening attended friends and alumni, than 200 More donors, Health Together” “AdvancingDebuts EventChancellor’s society. giving annual Medicine’s honorary of School Club,Davison the become of members the of Medicine. School in research the and students medical forPhD, Duke scholarships well as as MD, Andrews, Nancy of Dean cretion dis at the used support unrestricted Medicine. of School the within efforts different to $2.5 many million to support total comes the others, and trainees annual from Duke giving staff house 2015-16. combined When with year Annual Fund in fiscal Medical $1,649,178 arecord raise for the Duke alumni helped friends and Med Year Record Has Fund Annual Medical $ 1,400,000 $ 1,600,000 $ 1,000,000 $ 1,200,000 The May event featured videos, May event featuredThe videos, $1,000 level at the Donors Annual Fund provides Medical The

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CHRIS HILDRETH strategic plan, “Advancingstrategic Health new of the centered mission the on faculty. and evening was dents The by stu families, presentations and guests. welcomes MSc, MD, Washington, Eugene Chancellor va tio Re n spec t Ex Health Duk cellence e Te amwork Integrity - visit visit to university. the external leaders thought and campus across leaders with than 100 more ed interviews includ It residents. and students, staff, Dukeand University—faculty, of Duke corner Health from every people with inmonths collaboration health. global improvement, and health ty communicare, research, education, Together,” patient pillars, five its and youtu.be/0fQoS03JdoE Success: of Story Shania’s Patient Mongolia: to Technology Brings Health Global Duke Residual Cancer: Detect Surgeons To Dye Help Fluorescent For completeFor information, please over eight developed planwas The dukehealthstrategy.duke.edu videos youtu.be/CObJt0EGP9A youtu.be/kffmMx05dPQ DukeMed philanthropy AlumniNews

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15 50 Years of Community and Family Medicine at Duke

Current Duke Family CONTROVERSY Medicine residents. AND PROGRESS

By Andrea Martin

n July 1966, Duke University more info Faculty and staff from the Department of Community School of Medicine established Learn more about the history of Health Sciences in 1971 Ia new department: the De- the Department of Community partment of Community Health and Family Medicine at cfm.duke.edu/about/history Sciences. Its roots were multiple and complex and began with a decision to discontinue another July 2016 marked the 50th anni- department—the Department of versary of the department’s found- Preventive Medicine—which had ing, and through the years the functioned since the first days of seemingly mismatched programs the medical school. and divisions have worked together The Department of Community toward one common goal: improv- Health Sciences (renamed Commu- ing the health of people in their nity and Family Medicine in 1979) communities, whether at home, at has long been described as a “catch work or in the local community. all,” a department that took in di- Current and former faculty, staff, visions and programs that didn’t be- residents and students gathered long anywhere else in the medical on June 28 at the Duke Physician Family Medicine faculty and staff in 1984 center, said George R. Parkerson Assistant Program to celebrate Jr., T’50, MD’53, HS’53, professor the department’s milestone with of community and family medicine a reception. Speakers at the event and former chair. included Parkerson; original chair “Anything they couldn’t find a E. Harvey Estes Jr., MD, HS’53- place for in the medical center they ’54, distinguished service professor put into the department,” Parker- emeritus; current chair and profes- son said. sor J. Lloyd Michener, MD, HS’78- ‘82; and Viviana Martinez-Bianchi, MD, FAAFP, assistant professor and director of the Duke Family Medi-

cine Residency Program. DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER ARCHIVES Incoming class of family medicine residents in 1985 16 | DukeMedAlumniNews

DUKE PHOTOGRAPHY DUKE From left, George Parkerson Jr, MD, professor of community and family medicine and former chair; Harvey Estes Jr, MD, Distinguished Service Professor, emeritus, of community and family medicine and former chair; Lloyd Michener, MD, current chair, community and family medicine; Terry Kane, MD, consulting professor and former chief, community and family medicine; Ed Hammond, PhD, professor, community and family medicine; Howard Eisenson, MD’79, HS’82, associate consulting professor and chief medical officer, Lincoln Duke-Watts Family Medicine Center on the Community Health Center; Don Bradley, MD, MHS-CL, associate consulting grounds of Durham County General Hospital professor and director, Practical Playbook in 1974

A series of articles chronicling the on the underserved populations of the 5. Family Medicine at Duke: A seven-part Department of Community and Family Durham community: In the mid-90s, the series chronicling the history of family Medicine’s complicated—and sometimes department began reaching out to poten- medicine at Duke University Medical controversial—history has been published tial partners in Durham to collaborate on Center, including a near-shutdown of on the department’s website. bit.ly/Duke- improving the health of the community. the program in 1985. FamilyMedicine

STORIES INCLUDE: 1. Origins of the department: How the YOU CONQUERED THE QUAD. department began and a look at its early programs, including a computer NOW, THE UNIVERSE. program that started one of the first FIND ALUMNI AND START YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE. computerized medical records. 2. Duke Physician Assistant Program: The birthplace of the physician assistant profession: The program, ranked No. 1 by U.S. News & World Report, joined the department just two years after its founding by Eugene A. Stead Jr., MD. 3. Leonard Goldwater’s vision: A history of the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine: Goldwater, a well-recognized occupational health specialist, established the program within the department in 1970. 4. Division of Community Health: A focus

DukeMedAlumniNews | 17 MONGOLIA

Duke Global Health students Laura Pulsher and Tom Moore (hunched over in white) take blood and tick samples from a gerbil they trapped while a nomadic herder watches with his horse. Above, the vast Mongolian steppe unfolds in front of a trio of traditional gers (yurts) where a large herder family lives. MONGOLIA

IN RURAL MONGOLIA GLOBAL HEALTH STUDENTS LOOK FOR DANGEROUS PATHOGENS Laura Pulscher sets several humane traps near ground squirrel burrows.

Story and Photographs by Jim Rogalski on dirt trails and grassy paths. “If you had told me before beginning the global health master’s program that I’d be coming to Mongolia, I would have laughed,” Moore would say later at a campsite on the edge of a livestock pasture. But Mongolia was the opportunity presented to Moore and Pulscher to conduct their field research projects, and they both barely blinked before saying yes. “It’s one thing to learn something in a classroom setting,” Pulscher said, “but another to actually apply it to your field of study in a developing nation. I don’t think it ever crossed my mind that I’d end The fortified Toyota Land Cruiser slipped and bounced in the muddy up in Mongolia.” hollows of the rain-drenched Mongolian steppe. The driver, a native Yet, there they were for three months. TMongolian man named Inka who spoke little English, slowly engi- Early in their three-month stay in Mongolia, Moore and Pulscher neered the vehicle along what just two days earlier was a dusty pair of dirt tracks. In the back seat of the Cruiser, Duke master of science in global Russia health students Laura Pulscher and Thomas Moore braced themselves during the ride as best they could, relaxing when Inka stopped Kazakhstan the vehicle to ask a goat herder for directions. Ulaanbaatar Pulscher, unfazed by hours of jouncing, said slowly with a matter- MOGOLIA of-fact smile, “We’re lost.” It’s a commonly uttered phrase for visitors and natives alike. A 200 MILES meager 10 percent of Mongolia’s road network is paved. The vast China majority of travel in this vast, storied land of Genghis Khan is done

20 | DukeMedAlumniNews A nomadic herder stops by to watch the Duke students trap small A young Mongolian girl is curious as she peeks out from the doorway rodents and take blood and tick samples. of her family’s ger (yurt).

Thomas Moore and Laura Pulscher enjoy the hospitality of a Pulscher and Moore (right) work with Mongolian veterinarian Igori Mongolian herder family, on whose land the students were trapping “Khatnaa” Khatanbaatar as they sedate a wild gerbil. small mammals.

“It is amazing how welcoming they cause mild fever in humans). Then they would share lab results with local health officials and veterinarians who could take prophylactic were to let us into their homes, measures, such as educating herders and their families about ways to feed us, let us get to know them, protect themselves and their livestock. and let us camp on their land.” In Mongolia, animals have near-royalty status. It is a nation of just three million people and more than 50 million horses, camels, Laura Pulscher sheep, goats, and yaks, which are serious players in the economic cycle, and critical for the more than one million herder families who feed off their livestock and make a living selling animals for meat, spent three weeks traveling north from the capital of Ulaanbaatar hides, or wool. toward the Siberian border. With them in a second vehicle were “Observing these diseases as they circulate throughout wildlife veterinarians Myagmarsuk “Myagaa” Yondon; Igori “Khatnaa” and livestock has a tremendous impact on the health and welfare of Khatanbaatar; and Purevdorj “Zula” Munkhzul from the Mongolian humans here,” Moore said. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, who collected blood samples from herders’ horses, goats, and sheep. Moore and Pulscher captured MONGOLIAN PARTNERS small rodents—Mongolian gerbils, Daurian ground squirrels, Siberian Holed up for two days in the dome tent she shared with Sola as chipmunks, hamsters, and field mice—in humane, live animal traps, an atypical summer downpour drenched the steppe, Pulscher was and injected them with a mild sedative. confident the rain would subside and the rodent trapping continue. Pulscher collected blood and serum samples from the animals’ tails Moore entered the tent and announced, “My tent has turned into a and took small ear biopsies. Moore’s work was far more tedious— swimming pool.” combing the oft-matted fur of the rodents, in search of ticks. By afternoon the sun reappeared and the drying-out process Their individual projects differed, but the students’ goals were the commenced. The quest for rodents resumed about a half-hour same: to detect in rodents’ blood and ticks the presence of danger- from camp on a tract of land where a herd of horses grazed nearby. ous pathogens—Borrelia (Lyme disease), Rickettsia (spotted fever), Small, rectangular, aluminum traps were set. When the researchers and anaplasma (blood disease seen mostly in livestock but that can returned early that evening (the summer sun sets around 10 p.m.) the

DukeMedAlumniNews | 21 Dirt paths make up the vast majority of roads in the vast Heavy rain soaked the steppe, making traveling by vehicle a muddy Mongolian steppe. adventure. sound of scratching was heard coming from within several of them. that can or might some day jump from animals to humans. This “It’s great that we still have a project,” Pulscher jested as she was home base for Moore and Pulscher for the bulk of their suited up in a full-body Tyvek suit to protect her from any patho- three-month Mongolian stay. It was here that the blood and tick gens the rodents might harbor. “I’m glad it stopped raining.” samples they collected in the field were analyzed for signs of the The veterinarian Khatnaa, with heavily gloved hands, cradled dangerous pathogens. a Mongolian gerbil taken from one of the traps. Pulscher—with The Duke students extracted DNA from the samples using Khatnaa’s guidance—injected it with the mild sedative. It was magnetic beads inside small test tubes. Because DNA has a Khatnaa, with his well-spoken English, who had baptized the charge, it is attracted to the beads, which are then separated students to rodent testing in the field. He taught them how to from the rest of the sample and the DNA extracted. safely handle the animals, determine the correct dose of sedative, Performing fieldand lab work is usually an either/or proposi- clip the tail and ear so as not to cause lasting injury, and collect tion for students interested in global health. Rarely do master’s the blood and tick samples. students have the opportunity to do both. After four gerbils were tested and gear repacked inside the “It’s unique that we’re able to collect our own specimens in the Land Cruiser, Moore considered the importance that the team of environment and bring them back and test them,” Moore said. Mongolian vets played in the success of his and Pulscher’s respec- “This takes our education to the next level.” tive projects. “It makes us more well-rounded individuals,” Pulscher added. “They are a tremendous help to us,” Moore said. “They not only “A lot of people don’t necessarily have both lab and field skills.” teach us different tricks of the trade to catch rodents here, but They worked in the lab with Myagaa, who accompanied them they act as interpreters when we meet a herder family and provide on their fieldwork. His own project involved collecting mosqui- us with local knowledge of the different species of animals.” toes and testing them for West Nile virus. This partnership between Mongolian vets and Duke Global Learning about his work and watching the other Mongolian Health students was forged by Gregory Gray, MD, MPH, a pro- vets in the field lasso livestock and take blood samples was an fessor of global health and infectious diseases, who established unexpected, welcomed educational component, Moore and a research relationship with Mongolia nearly 10 years ago. Gray, Pulscher said. who also holds an appointment in the Nicholas School of the Environment, is a passionate disciple of the One Health concept LASTING MEMORIES of health care, that champions the conviction that human health The fresh yogurt was great, the dried, fermented milk curds and is intimately tied to veterinary and environmental health. mare’s milk not so much, the students concluded. But that is the Grey, Moore, and Pulsher were part of a roughly 10-member way one gets to know the culture of a people – through their Duke contingent that participated in the 5th Annual International food. The hospitality of the Mongolian herder families is a memo- Symposium on One Health in Ulaanbaatar prior to the students’ ry that won’t soon fade. embarking on their three-week fieldwork. Pulscher and Moore “It is amazing how welcoming they were to let us into their were presenters at an infectious disease workshop. It is rare, they homes, feed us, let us get to know them, and let us camp on said, for master’s students to have the opportunity to present at their land,” Pulscher said. an international symposium. On a cool summer night in one of those camps as he watched “It was a tremendous opportunity to collaborate with interna- the sun set over a verdant hillside, lighting the horizon in an in- tional leaders and share our upcoming research,” Moore said. digo purple haze, Moore reflected on the allure of the landscape surrounding him. ANALYZE, SYNTHESIZE, SHARE “This place is beautiful,” he said. “Being here has been such a The Institute of Veterinary Medicine in Ulaanbaatar is a 1980s-era privilege.” Soviet-looking building that houses multiple labs with Mongolian scientists exploring various aspects of zoonotic diseases—those

Robert and Barbara Yowell

When Robert Yowell, MD’61, HS’64-’69, entered Duke University School of Medicine in 1957, he was, by a pretty fair margin, the youngest student at the school. His parents had started him in grade school a year earlier than most kids, and Duke accepted him to its medical program after just three years of undergraduate work at the University of North Carolina, so he was just 20 years old when he began medical school. It wasn’t easy. “I was pretty green behind the ears,” says Yowell, who retired a decade ago after a long career in obstetrics and gynecology. “That first year was tough. But I made it through, and from that point on I knew I’d found the right place.” Being in familiar surroundings helped; Yowell was born in Durham and grew up barely 15 minutes’ drive from Duke Chapel. So did meeting his future wife, Barbara Dimmick Yowell, N’62, a Duke School of Nurs- ing student, in his second year. The two were married Deep in Duke Chapel after he completed a year’s internship at the University of Virginia and Barbara graduated. After two years in the Norfolk, Va., area while Bob served in the Navy, they returned to Durham, and Bob began his Roots residency in OB/GYN at Duke. Yowell went into private practice at Watts Hospital— where he was born—and then at Durham Regional Hos- at Duke pital for thirty years, the last ten of them under the Duke umbrella when his practice became part of the Duke network. He and Barbara have deep roots at the university. His father received a master’s degree in economics from Duke in 1943, and professorship in honor of the longtime chair of Duke’s Department Barbara served a long career as a nurse in multiple units at Duke of Obstetrics and Gynecology, who was an influential mentor to Bob University Hospital. The Yowells, who lost a daughter to leukemia Yowell. They both have served on boards and committees and given at the age of 3, have three grown children, all born at Duke and all generously to the Davison Club, the School of Medicine, the School Duke graduates: Robert Yowell II, T’88; Sally Yowell Barbour, of Nursing, Duke Athletics, and many other units and programs. T’90, who is director of Oncology Pharmacy Programs at Duke; and “I probably have my name on more bricks and buildings at Duke Charles Yowell, MD’00, HS’00-’06, T’92. than I should,” Yowell says. “But it’s not about me. Duke has been Those roots have nourished a commitment to service and philan- extremely good to us. If we can do something to give back and help thropy. The Yowells helped establish the Roy T. Parker, MD, endowed out a little bit, we’re eager to do that.”

Gifts to the Davison Club provide critical support for medical education at Duke. Make your gift online at gifts.duke.edu/daa. Members of an infectious disease response team trained by Duke’s Regional Biocontainment Laboratory staff practice safely removing personal protective equipment.

he man seemed fine when he landed in Newark, New transported by ambulance to Duke University Hospital, where Jersey, but two days later, after he’d made his way a special Ebola response team swung into action. The team’s to Person County, North Carolina, his temperature mission was twofold: to care for the patient, and to ensure that spiked. any potential contagion was safely contained without infecting Isolated fevers aren’t normally cause for concern. anyone else. TBut in this case, the man had just returned from Liberia, which Every member of the response team knew exactly what at the time—November of 2014—was caught in the grip of to do, thanks to intensive training for exactly this situation history’s deadliest outbreak of Ebola, a lethal infectious hem- they’d been given by staff from the Regional Biocontainment orrhagic disease. The epidemic had erupted in West Africa, Laboratory (RBL), a facility operated by the Duke Human devastating entire communities and sowing fear around the Vaccine Institute (DHVI). world, and health authorities everywhere were on the alert for “Luckily, we had just completed a successful emergency anyone traveling from the affected areas showing potential response drill on the isolation unit a couple days prior to Ebola symptoms, including sudden fever. receiving the call that a rule-out Ebola patient was en route When the man in Person County became ill, he was to Duke Hospital,” recalls Scott Alderman, MS, CBSP, the

24 | DukeMedAlumniNews cover story

New Fronts in the Battle Against Emerging INFECTIOUS DISEASES By Dave Hart SHAWN ROCCO

“Luckily, we had just completed a director of safety for DHVI, who oversaw the training. “Hospital admin- successful emergency response drill istration was able to quickly assemble the properly trained clinical care on the isolation unit a couple days team on site prior to the arrival of the patient. It was amazing to see how prior to receiving the call that a rule- beautifully it all came together.” In the end, the patient at Duke tested negative for Ebola. But the real- out Ebola patient was en route to world experience served as a reminder of the importance of being prepared Duke Hospital.” for the next infectious disease. Scott Alderman And it led to Duke’s being selected last spring as one of eight sites nationally to serve as a hub for training first responders and other workers dealing with potential infectious disease emergencies. The federal training program is one of several new initiatives in DHVI’s ongoing battle to defeat emerging infectious diseases around the world. For almost 30 years, DHVI has been an international leader in the fight against emerging infectious diseases on a broad range of fronts. Its

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SARS TRAINING FIRST RESPONDERS to them.” to respond programs state-of-the-art facilities and have that DHVI like have units to do it’s important they very when and to happen, continue will “They Health. Global and Immunology and of Medicine Professor Hanes M. Frederic MD, Haynes, Barton Director DHVI says earth,” on of life part populations. or threatened to affected available made to be vaccines into discoveries those to turn research translational the and treatment, and prevention disease avenues new for illuminates that research science discovery the both conduct investigators including West Nile virus, yellow virus, West Nile including Levelclassified as Biosafety 3, microbes other and viruses, and potentially lethal bacteria, for dangerous repository and lab aresearch RBL, out of the based is Consortium (DIDRT) Disease Response Training training program. worker for the sites core of the one Duke named agencies, federal other and Prevention and Control for Disease Centers the with tion collabora in (NIEHS), Sciences Institute of Environmental Health do it.’” Let’s dunk. aslam ‘That’s Isaid, program, training new the for for applications request the Isaw when So ambulance. the taminating everything, including decon waste, of the rid getting patient, the managing safely job, amazing an did whole team the and “Scott says. Sempowski program. training responder first new the for sites host of one the as Duke to nominate RBL, of the director T “Emerging infections are a are infections “Emerging The three-year Duke Infectious Infectious Duke three-year The 2016, National early the In catalyst,” the was “That response in 2014 in response he team’s Ebola expert Sempowski, PhD, the the PhD, Sempowski, Gregory convinced - - expand the reach of the instruc of the reach the expand order to in sessions,” trainer the involve “train will aspect One nel. workers; and laboratory person custodial workers; transport air EMS; and fire, police, as such ers respond first train will program The country. of the parts other in sites satellite at four and at Duke safely.” and confidently work duties their to perform them prepare and infectious disease outbreaks, during for exposure at risk are that workerto reach populations is goal “Our manager. program DIDRT the Alderman, says populations,” worker other train we as knowledge that expands and 10 last years over the we’ve gained expertise the takes agents. other fever, and workers will don protective gear gear don protective workers will hands-on; be will training The workplaces. own their in workers train to field the go into will exposure.” avoid how to and safely risks of these all emphasizes training Our dangerous. be can gloves, your removing incorrectly as such things, simplest the agents, tious infec with you’reWhen dealing off? goes alarm afire and agent handling a potentially infectious do you you’re do if What actively around? all passengers other with terminal the in vomits country from a potentially affected aplane off coming passenger do you a do if “What says. Alderman for exposure,” nities eventuality. conceivable and training will cover every detail Duke the and gear, protective off or on taking putting incorrectly as such of mistakes, innocuous most the through occur can Exposure to detail. attention and care extreme requires agents infectious dangerous tion exponentially over time. DIDRT will coordinate training training coordinate will DIDRT “This new training program The program’s instructors opportu many so are “There Safely handling potentially

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“What we’re trying to get to is a world without AIDS.Our goal is to eliminate the disease, and a vaccine is the final piece of the puzzle.” Barton Haynes

Barton Haynes, MD, directs the Duke Human Vaccine Institute, which works to develop new approaches to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases around the world. and practice simulations and procedures until they have them Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) facility to produce experi- down. mental vaccines for phase I clinical trials in humans. “If you don’t practice the task repetitively in training, you’re Developing experimental vaccines is often a laborious much less likely to perform it well in the real workplace,” says process of creating, testing, and modifying one formulation Alderman. “And in an exposure situation, you have to do it after another, hopefully ever edging closer to an effective well. The stakes, for both the employee and the community, combination. Having its own CGMP facility gives DHVI the are simply too high.” ability to produce small amounts of these vaccines onsite, greatly speeding the process of testing and refining them. FASTER AND CHEAPER TESTING “The School of Medicine built us a CGMP, and we have hile the training program is a our clinical team to do our own trials,” key new aspect of DHVI’s work, Haynes says. “We hope this will make the W the institute’s core mission process faster, and much cheaper. Now we remains to research, develop, and test can make the amounts of vaccine we need innovative new diagnostics, vaccines, and to iteratively test them in successive clinical therapeutics to prevent and treat global trials and not waste time and money. We diseases. That work became consider- don’t need large amounts of vaccine right ably more streamlined in the first part now, because we’re not at the point of of 2016 with another initiative, when producing a final product. We’re working DHVI opened its own Current Good to get to the product. And once we get the

DukeMedAlumniNews | 27 resistant to vaccine efforts. DHVI’s efforts to end HIV/AIDS to HIV/AIDS end efforts DHVI’s efforts. to vaccine resistant planet. the from HIV/AIDS eliminate will that vaccine A APPROACHING health public threats.” emerging to other respond to infrastructure the having while development efforts vaccine HIV our to advance teams DHVI the positions “It says. Denny country,” the in institutes vaccine advanced globally most the company. select in Duke puts operation manufacturing vaccine the says DHVI, world the needs.” doses vaccine the make eventually will companies pharmaceutical several and put it out there we can then formulation, right scientists produce vaccines and other therapeutics for testing. for therapeutics other and vaccines produce scientists where facility, Practice Manufacturing Good Current its opened year this earlier Institute Vaccine Human Duke The 28 HIV is a uniquely adaptable virus that has proven extremely proven extremely has that virus adaptable auniquely is HIV of one us makes of DHVI part as facility aCGMP “Having for officer operating chief MPhil, Denny, Msc, Thomas

DukeMed in its sights ever since it began in 1990: to develop a 1990: in it began since ever sights its in had has institute the goal primary toward the progress DHVI’s hasten will CGMP the things, mong other AlumniNews THE GOAL LINE ON HIV ON LINE GOAL THE have not yet been infected. If Haynes and his team can do that, do that, can team his and Haynes If infected. have been not yet who people in antibodies the make and of events sequence antibodies. protective the make and tolerance immune avoid patients some in systems immune the by which process molecular the detail fine in to trace have managed researchers The individuals. infected HIV do develop in rarely they when take antibodies neutralizing broadly the and virus the tolerance. immune called a phenomenon in process, the halts system immune the because failed far have thus vaccine via antibodies the induce to but attempts of HIV, strains many against protect can antibodies These own. their on antibodies neutralizing broadly antibodies. neutralizing broadly called proteins of aclass answer: the is convinced are researchers other many and he what on in homed has Haynes but years, over the avenues of and investigation, researchers many involve agreat The task now is to design a vaccine that will reproduce that that reproduce will that avaccine now to design is task The both that pathways the have defined team his and Haynes develop individuals of HIV-infected percentage A small

KEN HUTH COVER STORY

he says, the battle will be won. there is always another emerging infection,” “After 12 years of basic research in this says Haynes. “Microbes are a part of who area, we’ve learned so much and made we are. We can’t live without the good progress, and now we know exactly what bugs, the organisms that make up our we have to do,” says Haynes. “To get microbiome, and we also have to live with across the final goal line, we have to do infectious microbes that make people sick.” small iterative human clinical trials to In just the last 15 years, the world has been fine-tune an effective vaccine. That’s why through epidemics including SARS, West the CGMP facility is so important.” Nile Virus, and Ebola. Last year, the Zika Fred Porter, PhD, has been recruited virus broke out, causing tragic birth defects from Glaxo-Smith-Klein as the senior Air purifying respirators, part of the throughout South and Central America and director of product development of DHVI protective equipment worn in the continuing to threaten the United States. presence of possible infectious agents. by Denny and Haynes to lead vaccine DHVI has a new program in Zika virus production efforts. research led by Sallie Permar, MD, PhD, asso- Despite the development of retroviral ciate professor of pediatrics and a specialist in drugs that can effectively treat and in many cases prevent the diseases transmitted from mothers to their babies. disease, some 36 million people worldwide are still infected “Zika is a major new epidemic, and we are working hard to with HIV. HIV/AIDS remains the deadliest infectious disease rapidly respond to this new threat by understanding how the in the world, claiming some 1.6 million lives per year. The virus is passed from mothers to their babies and exploring ways societal, financial, and human toll is enormous. to prevent the fetal effects,” says Permar. “What we’re trying to get to is a world without AIDS,” says Next year, or the one after that, some other contagion will Haynes. “Our goal is to eliminate the disease, and a vaccine is arise somewhere in the world.And all along, like a deadly the final piece of the puzzle.” undercurrent, the less exotic but equally tragic scourges of HIV/AIDS, influenza, malaria, tuberculosis, and other infec- PLENTY TO DO tious diseases exact their annual toll of suffering and death. HVI was born out of the AIDS crisis of the 1980s, and The DHVI will continue to play a leading role in the battle HIV/AIDS remains at the heart of much of its work. If to defeat these terrible diseases, new and old. DHVI investi- D Haynes and the institute do get across that goal line gators are doing basic research and vaccine development to and develop a vaccine that wipes out AIDS, what then? Will address a host of infectious diseases, some newly emerging and DHVI have enough of a mission to carry on? others that have been scourges for centuries. “One thing we’ve learned over the last thirty years is that “We study not only emerging infectious diseases, but also what I call re-emerging infectious diseases,” says Sempowski. “Some diseases, like tuberculosis, that we thought were no “Zika is a major new epidemic, and we longer a serious problem come back to haunt us, often because are working hard to rapidly respond they develop drug resistance.” By combining the scientific, intellectual, and creative power of to this new threat by understanding one of the world’s leading academic institutions with an organi- how the virus is passed from mothers zational structure similar to that of a biotech company, DHVI to their babies and exploring ways to is able to move quickly and efficiently to turn research findings into vaccines and therapeutics for testing in clinical trials. prevent the fetal effects.” “That’s what DHVI is about: performing world-class Sallie Permar basic research and having the infrastructure—with our basic science labs, regional biocontainment center, and vaccine manufacturing facilities—to make vaccines and therapeutics and move them along the translational pipeline,” says Haynes. “Emerging infections aren’t going away. Unfortunately, we’ll always have plenty to do.”

DukeMedAlumniNews | 29 30 | DukeMedAlumniNews KEN HUTH

Facing Facing Care, Support for Support Care,

Unique Child and Adolescent Gender Care. The clinic, which first first which clinic, The Care. Gender Adolescent and Child for Center Duke the away Durham: in miles afew only “more” what entail. should sure weren’t exactly However, more. they needed he knew parents his but and he layer of support, additional an Adrian life—offered real in sister. and parents for his but also for him not only support, and guidance, of education, lots requiring along process be will male world atransgender way the as in his Finding ning. begin the only was that But agirl. born who was for Adrian, about who Iam.” open able to be being great It’s been response. agood such and it was them, out to came Ifinally to them. lying I was felt “I like them,” says. he from apart of my life whole chunk year, he’s happier now he than depression like many others in They learned from Adrian’s gender therapist of a resource of aresource therapist gender Adrian’s from learned They and online transgender—both also who are friends Having abig step was identity about his to everyone open Being this keeping Iwas because my family to tell needed “I transgender teens, he has the the has he teens, transgender coming out to last family his his situation; however, since since however, situation; his friends. North Raleigh, The considers one himself of the Carolina, teen experienced Transgender Youth support of and family his lucky ones. Unlike many has been in alonghas in been time. Adrian Chamberlin, 17, and Others Others and by Bernadette Gillis Bernadette by

Clinic Gender Issues Gender

Offers DukeMed

AlumniNews

feeling as though they were born in the wrong body and become become and body wrong the in born were they though as feeling describe often condition the with Those at birth. assigned gender and sex physical their not match does of gender sense aperson’s when internal occurs that acondition dysphoria, gender on focuses treatment patients, transgender clinic’s For the TREATMENT TRANSGENDER year. next number that doubling nearly anticipate and administrators year, first its during 127 patients served clinic The Florida. and Georgia, Virginia, Carolina, South Carolina, North from come Patients month. each day half one and day full one open is clinic the care. tered family-cen and patient- to provide evidence-based, together to work is goal Their care. pastoral psychology, and psychiatry, medicine, adolescent and child surgery, urology, pediatric work, social endocrinology, including at Duke, of disciplines array Southeast. the in located of one afew only and Carolina North in kind of its first the is clinic development (DSD). The sex in differences called development, organ sex external and internal affecting conditions with born those and transgender who are those of children: groups two 2015, in serves opened birth. at sex assign to hard it make that conditions with born being or transgender being with come that concerns mental and physical the with cope families their and children helps that team interdisciplinary alarger of part are They Care. Gender Adolescent and Child for Center Duke the at patients treating while another one with consult often Routh Jonathan urologist pediatric and Adkins Deanna Director Clinic 32 Located on the second and third floors of Duke Children’s, Children’s, Duke of floors third and second the on Located an up from of made providers is clinic multispecialty The

DukeMed AlumniNews - transgender. He credits the gender clinic at Duke with helping helping with at Duke clinic gender the credits He transgender. being with come that challenges of the to all immune hasn’t been he one, out a positive was coming experience his Even though suicide. have contemplated people transgender suicide.”for risk at significant to be them causes anxiety and depression “That MD. Adkins, Deanna director clinic explains appearance,” physical or their sex assigned their and identity gender their between mismatch the from anxiety and depression providers. other and therapists children’s the with closely to work aims at Duke team care gender The hometowns. own puberty. approach they as bodies their with uncomfortable increasingly Adrian knows firsthand the struggles of gender dysphoria. dysphoria. gender of struggles the firsthand knows Adrian of young percent 40 than more sources to some According have significant they because we’re of“Most them treating their in often most counseling, receive patients transgender All Only the symptoms of depression the Only and never ameliorate completely the until “But the problem doesn’t go away. the “But anxiety ameliorate a little bit. They ameliorate alittle anxiety biological part is addressed.” is biological part Deanna Adkins

KEN HUTH wrote a letter that appeared in the Charlotte Medical School Observer, and in April, they sent a letter to Gov. McCrory asking him to repeal the law. Administrators, In the letter, Adkins and the other physicians Faculty Oppose HB2 explained why the law presents an unneces- sary hardship for a vulnerable segment of their Transgender issues have been at the forefront patient population. of political debates in North Carolina due to The letter states: “A law that defines biologi- the passing of the controversial Public Facilities cal sex as ‘the physical condition of being male Privacy & Security Act, also known as House Bill or female, which is stated on a person’s birth him to understand the available 2 (HB2). certificate’ is inherently flawed and potentially options for transitioning and The law requires individuals to use restrooms harmful to a group of children that we care helping to improve his overall that correspond to the sex listed on their birth for in our pediatric practices. As professional quality of life. certificates when in government buildings. It experts in the field of chromosomes and genital “They helped me to make prevents transgender individuals who have anatomy, we provide professional consultation plans on how to adjust my life not surgically transitioned from using public “HB2 stands in direct and help me to physically transi- restrooms of the gender with which they iden- tion,” Adrian says. “Otherwise I tify. The law also prevents municipalities from opposition to our probably wouldn’t have been able establishing laws that protect members of the principles and mission. to do it.” lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/ We are unequivocally In addition to counseling, care questioning community from discrimination. for transgender patients includes The North Carolina legislature passed the law committed to a culture hormone therapy for those 16 in March 2016, and it was signed by Gov. Pat of inclusion, equity, and and older. Those under 16 are McCrory. mutual respect within our treated with hormone blockers, Soon after the passing of the law, Duke which delays puberty. administrators took a stance against HB2. community and for our Blocking puberty until age 16 President Richard Brodhead, PhD; Provost Sally patients...” plays a major role in helping the Kornbluth, PhD; and Chancellor for Health children transition successfully, Affairs Eugene Washington, MD, MSc, issued Nancy Andrews says Adkins, who is also an a statement that read in part: “We deplore in the strongest possible terms the new state law, assistant professor of pediatrics. to our colleagues on babies in whom assigning It buys them time—keeping body HB2.” They added that the law “runs count- er to the ideals of Duke University—and, we sex may not be possible at the time of birth.” dysphoria at bay and decreasing The physicians went on to express that for the chances of depression, believe, to those of our great state. We urge a full repeal of HB2.” certain children “gender assignment at birth is anxiety, and suicide—until Nancy Andrews, MD, PhD, dean of the challenging” and “severe hormonal imbalances they are old enough to begin School of Medicine, shared a message with at birth may also result in gender assignments to transition physically. It may faculty, staff, and students expressing her at the time of the birth that may require reas- also allow them to have fewer disappointment with the passage of the law, signment later in life.” surgeries as adults. outlining the school’s position: “HB2 stands in Adkins says since the passing of HB2, her “In the past, people have direct opposition to our principles and mission. adolescent transgender patients at the gender tried to treat the depression We are unequivocally committed to a culture care clinic at Duke have expressed concerns and anxiety with traditional of inclusion, equity, and mutual respect within about their safety. depression and anxiety medica- our community and for our patients across “At their schools, most had already set up tions, and they still do,” Adkins all dimensions of diversity, including gender, proper bathroom privileges and protocols says. “But the problem doesn’t gender identity, gender expression, and sexual that were amenable to all involved,” she go away. Only the symptoms orientation.” says. “Now all of those things got thrown of depression and anxiety Deanna Adkins, MD, director of the Duke out of the window. A lot of them are getting ameliorate a little bit. They never Center for Child and Adolescent Gender Care, harassed and bullied.” ameliorate completely until the was among a group of endocrinologists from Adkins says she now advises patients to en- list a “bathroom buddy” to accompany them biological part is addressed.” Duke, UNC, and other medical centers in North to the bathroom to help prevent harassment Adkins adds that once the bio- Carolina that publically decried HB2. The group or attacks. logical concerns are addressed, outcomes are overwhelmingly Richard Eugene positive. She says a few studies Brodhead Sally Kornbluth Washington Nancy Andrews have shown that 75 percent to 80 percent of patients treated hor- monally experienced complete amelioration of their symptoms, transgender entails.”transgender being what don’t just but alot of them understand doctors, with to Ihaven’t help want who me. just bad experiences had him. guide and to help support professionals of caring team For now, happen. happy to is he have a will that when exactly to decide yet involve but has he surgery, will transition his knows he steps, next for his As life. of his have rest to have for the one.” into rolled all needs physiological and needs tohelps you go to have where place one have social your It out. things to for sort me environment perfect the provided They it better. to understand trying not but really just male be to desire Adrian’s ignoring sand—not the of put in my head kind had “I adds, He things.” with to grips come me helped time.” at any shots hormone stop could he changes, acouple of permanent are there While shots. about hormone was It it about. not what was was that we got there once “But alot of had concerns still they son’s their transition, supported parents. with talking time spend also They levels. hormone check they and issues, image body and anxiety with coping they’re for how abaseline get They transition. or her his with is child CSW. Russell, Kristen worker, social clinic’s the and Adkins with consultations with begins clinic care gender at the treatment initial families, their and patients transgender clinic’s of the all with As COORDINATED CARE or not. surgery underwent they whether medications depression and anxiety able were to taking stop they and 34 “It made me feel great to know that people are on my on side are people that to know great feel me made “It will he which shots, testosterone getting currently is Adrian “madealot comfortable, more me consultations Dave the says Dave Chamberlin, and Nancy parents, Adrian’s Although the where assess Russell and Adkins consultations, the During be seen during the clinic’s clinic’s the during seen be

transgender patients patients transgender The The |

DukeMed three months long months three waitlist to be seen is is seen be to waitlist 235 An estimated second year AlumniNews

will will surgery,” Nancy says. says. surgery,” Nancy to have him wanting near wasn’t anywhere I and surgery, meant helpful. and informative to be Russell— with time their the talks—particularly found they end, the in However, consultations. the to attend reluctant Initially, they were uncertainties. and “For me transitioning “For transitioning me adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). These babies are born girls girls born are babies These (CAH). hyperplasia adrenal sex. genetic their with discordant are that genitalia or genitalia ambiguous having as at birth fied identi is child the when diagnosed are conditions Many tions. activists. gender by some reclaimed now is being term but the “intersex,” is conditions for these term dated The development. organ sex external and internal their affecting conditions with born who are infants usually are patients (DSD).opment These devel sex in differences with for children services much-needed for C Center addit In DIFFERENCES Adrian’s transition. Adrian’s with help for Care Gender Adolescent and Child for Center Duke the to out reached Dave, and Nancy parents, his year, and he last male atransgender as out came (center) Chamberlin Adrian teenager After The most common DSD condition is 46, XX congenital congenital XX 46, is condition DSD common most The condi of medical covers avariety that abroad term is DSD ion to treating transgender children and teens, the Duke Duke the teens, and children transgender ion to treating hild and Adolescent Gender Care also provides provides also Care Gender Adolescent and hild IN SEX DEVELOPMENT SEX IN - - -

KEN HUTH “They helped me to make plans on how to adjust my life and help me to physically transition. Otherwise I probably wouldn’t have been able to do it.”

Adrian Chamberlin

there is a hint of a doubt, we will not perform the surgery.” Routh stresses that addressing mental health concerns for children with DSD—much like with transgender children—is crucial. “That is the cornerstone of what we provide for these kids,” he says. “Any urologist can do a surgery for a kid with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. That’s relatively straightforward. Any endocrinologist can give a hormone blocker to an adolescent who is transgender. The tough part comes in trying to treat them as a biologically, but because their adrenal glands are making too composite human with mental health needs.” much steroid, their genitalia have a masculinized appearance Because of the unique and sensitive concerns of children with at birth. For example, they may have a clitoris that looks like a DSD, Routh says the best way to address all of their concerns is penis, or the labia may be fused, resembling a scrotum. through a multidisciplinary approach like the one offered at the Treatment for DSD depends on which condition the baby has. gender clinic. Sometimes they are treated with surgery, or, as is the case with “The surgical questions are the easy part of the equation,” he transgender children, treatment may involve a hormonal compo- says. “The hard part is everything that goes up to the surgery or nent. Regardless of the treatment, most result in consequences that deciding to not do the surgery. I can’t do that on my own. I have parents and the children will have to deal with for years to come. to have a team of other professionals that provide a different The major concern for parents is making the choice whether to input into the process than I can give. Without that support, proceed with surgical correction. “It’s one of the biggest things these patients aren’t getting fully treated.” the parents have to struggle with,” says Jonathan Routh, MD, an associate professor of surgery and a pediatric urologist at the LOOKING AHEAD gender clinic. Routh, Adkins, and other providers at the gender clinic antici- “One of the big questions they have is, ‘Do we fix this with pate the demand for their services to increase substantially. They the surgery?’ There is a controversy whether ethically you can estimate 235 transgender patients will be seen during the clinic’s operate on a child’s genitals before they are old enough to say, second year. Currently the waitlist to be seen is three months ‘Yes I want to have surgery done.’” long, but they are working to decrease the wait. The parents of babies with CAH often face the dilemma of Other goals for the coming year include creating a family whether to allow their child to undergo a surgery to correct a advisory panel that will be made up of parents who will advise fused vagina and urethra. Without the surgery, the child will not the clinic on how best to serve families. have a properly functioning vagina or urethra. But with surgery, Adkins says the clinic has started conducting clinical they may be left with a desensitized clitoris, which will become research. For instance, they recently received funding for a a major concern once the child becomes an adolescent and later study that will examine the intersection of transgender, body in adulthood. image, and eating disorders. “The goal is to have a long conversation with mom and dad,” Routh says the clinic’s ultimate goal is to help all their patients Routh says. “There are potential consequences—negative and live healthy and fulfilling lives despite their differences. “The positive—whichever road you choose. If the parents decide they hope is that because we’ve done a good job taking care of them, want to have the surgery performed, we will discuss it with our it never enters into their consciousness that they are different or ethicist and our team, and we will perform the surgery. But if that they have to struggle with this.”

DukeMedAlumniNews | 35 class notes

Charles E. Rackley, MD’58, HS’58- David S. Walton, MD’61, is in private John P. Shock, MD’66, an ophthal- 1940s ’60,’63-’64, DC, is a professor of practice as a pediatric ophthalmologist mologist and founding director of the Harry T. McPherson, T’46, MD’48, is medicine and director of the Preventive and is professor of ophthalmology at Jones Eye Institute at the University of retired and lives in Chapel Hill, North Cardiology Lipid Disorder and Coronary Harvard Medical School. He writes Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Carolina with his wife, Jane Harmeling Regression Program at Georgetown that he has been “earning the trust of received the Lifetime Achievement McPherson, T’51, G’72. University. He practices five mornings parents and their children for 45 years.” Award at the first Health Care Heroes per week and teaches physical diagnosis He has six children and lives in Boston, awards luncheon hosted by Arkansas to second-year medical students. He and Massachusetts. Business Magazine. Health Care Heroes 1950s his wife Betsy live in Washington, D.C. honors individuals, companies, and or- Simmons I. Patrick, MD’50, HS’50- Donald C. Mullen, MD’62, HS’61-’69, ganizations that are making a significant ’54, reports that he has reached the retired from his career in cardiovascu- impact on the quality of health care in age of 90. Now retired, he practiced 1960s lar and thoracic surgery in 1977. He Arkansas. Shock’s professional achieve- at Kinston Radiology in Kinston, North Paul C. Cronce, T’54, MD’60, is earned a master’s in divinity degree ments include inventing the phacofrag- Carolina, for 40 years. He served as professor emeritus of dermatology at from Princeton in 1991 and has just mentation and irrigation of cataracts president of North Carolina Radiology, Emory University. He recently moved published a book, A Radical Change technique and the associated device, the and was a fellow, member of the Board to King’s Bridge Retirement Center in of Direction: Memoir of the Spiritual J. Shock Phacofragmenter. He led the of Chancellors, and fellow emeritus of Atlanta, Georgia, from his Atlanta home Journey of a Surgeon. It is available at UAMS Department of Ophthalmology to the American College of Radiology. In of 50 years. He practiced dermatology westflowpress.com or on amazon.com. rapid and sustained growth, and in 1985 1990, he was named to the Order of the at Alden Dermatology Associates, PA, in He has performed volunteer work in established the Arkansas Lions Eye Bank Long Leaf Pine, one of the most presti- Buckhead and taught Emory University more than 20 countries and was mayor and Laboratory, which supplies corneas gious honors conferred by the state of students and residents at Grady Memo- of Highlands, North Carolina, from 2005 to patients across Arkansas. Shock is North Carolina, for his work bringing rial Hospital until his retirement. He has to 2009. He has been married to Patricia semi-retired and lives in Little Rock with improvements in medicine to the people one son in Georgia and two sons and Few Armstrong Mullen for 59 years. his wife Nancy. of eastern North Carolina. After his first two grandsons in California. They live in Newman, Georgia. wife died in 1979, he remarried and now lives in Kinston with his wife, Patsy. He Richard L. Reece, T’56, MD’60, has 1970s has five children, six grandchildren, and written 12 books, 4,000 blogs, and four great-grandchildren. 1,300 tweets on health reform and its Desiree Carlson, MD’76, DC, will consequences. He believes an informa- receive a Lifetime Achievement Award James T. Higgins, T’56, MD’59, is tion-driven two-part health system is from the College of American Pathol- retired from academic medicine. He and rapidly emerging: one part government, ogists at the Fall 2016 annual meeting his wife Laurie live in Burlington, Ver- corporate and centralized; the other in Las Vegas, Nevada. Carlson is chief mont, where they moved in 2015. Their private, dispersed, and independent. of pathology at Signature Health- daughter Linden lives in Burlington; their He and his wife, Loretta, a former care, Brockton Hospital in Brockton, son Tom lives in Medford, Oregon; and Massachusetts General nurse, live in Massachusetts. She and her husband their daughter Chandler lives in Santa Old Saybrook, Connecticut. They have Steven P. Sullivan live in Brant Rock, Fe, New Mexico. The couple has five two sons: Spencer, an Episcopal priest Leslie C. Norins, MD’62, DC, has Massachusetts. grandchildren, ages 13 to 21. and internationally renowned poet, and published a fiction thriller titledDeadly Carter, who works at Brooks Brothers in Pages, about a terrorist plot to attack Wes Jones, T’72, MD’76, HS’76-79, Norman Shealy, MD’56, DC, received New York City. the United States with smallpox. The HS’81-’83, DC, practices gastroenterology the Bronze Bear Award from Missouri terrorists plan to spread the deadly at the Cape Fear Center for Digestive Dis- State University. He is CEO of the Inter- John Feagin, MD’61, DC, retired in pathogen by contaminating the printing eases, PA, in Fayetteville, North Carolina. national Institute of Holistic Medicine, 2015 from his career as an orthopaedic ink of the New York Times. In a book He and his wife Lucy live in Fayetteville. and he has recently demonstrated a pro- surgeon. He spent 24 years in the U.S. review, former CIA director Porter Goss cess to regrow telomeres, a structure at Army, 10 years in private practice, and writes, “This assessment of the danger John D. Hunter, MD’76, DC, now re- the end of DNA strands. He lives in Fair 10 years as a Duke faculty member. of smallpox seems credible to me, and tired, volunteers as a lecturer, preceptor, Grove, Missouri, and has three grown He lives in Teton Village, Wyoming. the means of delivery through the New and researcher at the Sullivan Center children: Brock, who is vice president of He is a distinguished graduate of the York Times is creative. Chem/Bio warfare and School of Nursing at Clemson a Japanese energy company; Craig, a U.S. Military Academy at West Point. is a serious threat that requires constant University. He also spends time with his professor at James Madison University; He has three children who are all Duke attention.” The book can be ordered at dogs and hiking, boating, and playing and Laurel, an attorney. graduates—Randie Feagin, T’83, deadlypages.com. Norins and his wife tennis. He and his wife Kristin live in Nancy Denman Feagin, E’87, and Rainey live in Naples, Florida. Seneca, South Carolina. They have two James C. Hurlburt, MD’58, HS’58-’60, Robert Terrell Feagin, T’96. He has adult children: J. Blake is an attorney, ’62-’64, lives in Orlando, Florida. He has three grandchildren. John S. Poindexter III, MD’64, lives in and Andrew is a vice president of five children and 17 grandchildren. Richmond, Virginia, and is retired. He is accounting at Comcast. William A. Gay, Jr., MD’61, DC, is an active churchgoer. He has one son, retired from his career as a cardiac John S. Poindexter IV, who is studying surgeon and is professor emeritus at engineering. Washington University School of Medi- cine. He and his wife Frances A. Gay live in St. Louis, Missouri.

36 | DukeMedAlumniNews 1990s 1980s 2000s

Todd C. Brady, PhD’98, MD’99, has Michelle Pearce, PhD, HS’05-’08, been appointed to the board of directors recently published Cognitive Behavioral of Spring Bank Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Therapy for Christians with Depression. clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company. The book is a practical guide for mental Brady is CEO and president of Aldeyra health professionals and pastoral coun- Therapeutics, Inc. He and his wife An- selors who want to learn how to use drea, L’99, live in Carlisle, Massachusetts. Christian-specific cognitive behavioral therapy tools to treat depression in their Bruce A. Perler, T’72, MD’76, has house staff Christian clients. Pearce is an assistant begun his term as chair of the Society professor and clinical psychologist at for Vascular Surgery. He recently com- the Center for Integrative Medicine at pleted his term as president of the SUS 1960s Kent W. Small, MD, HS’85-’88, has the University of Maryland School of Foundation, which supports research to discovered a new gene mutation in the Medicine in Baltimore. She is also direc- improve the quality of vascular patient George Meredith, MD, HS’68, has eye disease known as North Carolina tor of the Death, Dying, and Mourning: care. Perler is the Julius H. Jacobson just published his second e-book, On Macular Dystrophy (MCDR-1), a heredi- Applied Thanatology online graduate II, MD, Professor of Vascular Surgery Improving Obstructive Sleep Apnea tary form of macular degeneration. The certificate program. at Johns Hopkins University School Surgery, which is available via Kindle. journal Ophthalmology of the American of Medicine; vice-chair for clinical The book outlines techniques that aim Academy of Ophthalmology reported in Simon Khagi, MD, HS’15-’16, recently operations and financial affairs for to reduce postoperative morbidity and its January 2016 issue that, “this one of completed training in neurological the Department of Surgery; and chief increase perioperative safety, while the most important studies in our field oncology at the Preston Robert Tisch emeritus of the Division of Vascular increasing operative success rates. He in the past several decades.” Small was Brain Tumor Center at Duke, and has Surgery and Endovascular Therapy at lives in Virginia Beach, Virginia. an invited speaker at the 2016 Global been named director of the brain tumor Johns Hopkins Hospital. Perler and his Ophthalmology meeting in July, and at program at the UNC Lineberger wife Patti have two children: Mason is a the American Academy of Ophthalmol- Comprehensive Cancer Center. He also software engineer in Boston, and Rachel ogy meeting in October. He is president is an assistant professor in medicine and is a senior at Yale University. The Perlers of Molecular Insight LLC in Los Angeles, neurosurgery at the University of North live in Ruxton, Maryland. California. He and his wife Frances have Carolina-Chapel Hill School of two daughters. Medicine.

Basic Science Day Monday, November 7, 2016 9:30 am-5:30 pm Great Hall, Trent Semans Center A Celebration of Basic Science Research at Duke University School of Medicine

FEATURING: Robert J. Lefkowitz, MD Distinguished Lecture 2016 BY: Brian Kobilka, MD “STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS INTO THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR ACTIVATION” KEYNOTE SPEAKER: Lectures and Poster Session • Boxed lunches provided Brian Kobilka, MD 2012 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Pre-registration is required: medschool.duke.edu/Basic-Science-Day Professor of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Stanford University School of Medicine obituaries

David G. Allen, MD’67, HS’67-’69, of Pinehurst, North Carolina, died Jack H.T. Chang, T’65, MD’69, died February 22, 2016 in Denver, Colora- May 23, 2016. He was 75. After medical school, Allen spent two years do. He was 73. Chang was born in Shanghai, China, and fled the Com- in the U.S. Air Force and then completed an oncology fellowship at the munist Revolution, coming to the United States with his family in 1950. University of Michigan. He went on to join the Pinehurst Medical Clinic, Following surgical residencies in Denver and Pittsburgh, he joined a pe- becoming the sixth physician in the group. He was the first board-certi- diatric surgery practice in Denver in 1976. In 1980, he joined the faculty fied oncologist in Moore County and practiced oncology full time until at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas, where 2011. In 1979, he helped establish Sandhills Hospice, now FirstHealth he, along with colleagues, began the first pediatric-only liver transplant Hospice and Palliative Care. For this work, Gov. Jim Hunt awarded him program in the United States. In 1985, he returned permanently to Den- with the Order of the Long Leaf Pine in 1981. ver and established Rocky Mountain Pediatric Surgery, helped found the Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children at Presbyterian/St. Luke’s Hospital, Franklin E. Altany, MD’52, one of Charlotte’s premier plastic surgeons, and remained an innovator in his field of medicine for decades. died May 8, 2016. He was 89. He served in the U.S. Navy as a hospital apprentice during World War II. He attended the University of Mississip- Tim E. Cooper Jr., MD’59, of Charlotte, North Carolina, died March 11, pi, graduated from St. Vincent’s College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, and 2016. He was 82. Cooper was a veteran of the U.S. Army, serving as a earned a medical degree at Duke. Altany opened a Charlotte medical battalion and brigade surgeon at Fort Hood, Texas. He performed an practice in 1958. He was an avid golfer and enthusiastic supporter of internal medicine residency at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. Duke University and its sports programs. Cooper co-founded Whitesides and Cooper Medical Practice and was the founder of Randolph Internal Medicine, retiring in 2007. He held a Robert M. Arthur, MD’54, of Henrico, Virginia, died October 14, 2015. number of offices in a variety of medical and philanthropic agencies. He was 87. Arthur attended Virginia Episcopal School, graduated Phi Beta Kappa from UNC-Chapel Hill, and received a medical degree from Roy H. Dippy, MD, HS’64, of Orlando, Florida, died March 19, 2016, at Duke University School of Medicine. He served in the U.S. Army as a the age of 85. He served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Navy, traveling to medical aide to General John “Blackjack” Pershing. He completed an Antarctica and Cuba. He received a medical degree in 1956 from Emory internal medicine residency at Charity Hospital in New Orleans, after University School of Medicine in Atlanta. He then completed an internal which he began a long career with the VA Hospital System. He finished medicine residency at University Hospital in Oklahoma and a fellowship his career as chief of medical education. in hematology and oncology at Duke University Medical Center. After moving to Florida in 1964, he went into practice, becoming the first Ben V. Branscomb, T’45, MD’47, of Birmingham, Alabama, died July hematologist in Orlando. 4, 2016, at the age of 92. He is widely considered to be a founder of modern pulmonary medicine. He was the first pulmonary physician at Mark J. Eisen, MD, HS’83, of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, died May 12, the National Institutes of Health in Maryland, where he illuminated fun- 2016. He was 63. After post-doctoral studies in Germany, he established damental aspects of breathing, resulting in his being the first to publish a homeopathic family practice in Chapel Hill until 2011. While in college, on the flow volume loop. In 1963, Branscomb tested over 200 U.S. he was introduced to anthroposophy, a spiritual philosophical movement congressmembers on the Capitol steps with his “Loop Machine.” Result- that grew into a passion for him. He was active in anthroposophic coming publicity introduced the terms emphysema and chronic obstructive munities nationwide, forged close friendships with community members, pulmonary disease to American households, and did much to raise and was involved in the founding of the Emerson Waldorf School in awareness about cigarette harm. He was founder and longtime chair of Chapel Hill. the University of Alabama-Birmingham Pulmonary Division, retiring as Distinguished Professor Emeritus in 2006. Alfred L. Ferguson, MD, HS’66-’69, of Greenville, North Carolina, died February 8, 2015. He was 79. Ferguson served in the U.S. Air Force in Zebulon L. Bowman, T’75, MD’78, died Feb. 14, 2016, in Houston, Anchorage, Alaska as head of the outpatient clinic at Elmendorf Air Texas. He was 62. Bowman worked as a physician for over 40 years and Force Base. He then performed a three-year residency in nephrology at was board certified in ophthalmology. As a member of the American Duke. In 1969, he moved to Greenville to practice internal medicine and Medical Association, he was greatly respected and beloved by colleagues started the first dialysis center in Eastern North Carolina. He practiced and patients. He was very interested in genealogy and spent many years medicine until 1992, when he became disabled. He was an active researching his and his wife Rebecca’s family trees. member of the Greenville Rotary Club, which awarded him a Paul Harris Fellowship. Ferguson served as a volunteer internal medicine physician James W. Carruth Jr., MD’64, of Pensacola, Florida, died July 8, 2016. for many years with the East Carolina University football team and set up He was 76. Carruth practiced ophthalmology in Pensacola for 33 years. the first first-aid stations at the stadium. He was a former president of the medical staff at Baptist Hospital and former president of the Escambia County Medical Society. He served on Edward Garner Flickinger, MD’73, of Nashua and Glen, New Hamp- the board of Baptist Hospital and various committees. He was a Knight shire, died June 25, 2016. He was 69. Flickinger attended UNC-Chapel in the Fiesta and a member of the Order of Tristan and Rebellaires. Hill as a Morehead Scholar. While at Duke University School of Medicine, Carruth also was a member of the Five Flags Rotary Club, which honored he was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society. He trained him with the Paul Harris Fellowship Award. at University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio, and was on staff at Metro General Hospital in Cleveland. His career also included serving as professor of surgery at East Carolina University in Greenville, North Carolina, and vice chairman of general surgery at the University of Rochester. He attended the Rochester Institute of Technology’s Saunders College of

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Business, where he received an MBA while serving as chief of surgery at Jane Merrill Kraus, MD’48, of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, died April 30, Rochester General Hospital in Rochester, New York. He was on the staff 2016. She was 92. She earned degrees at the University of Alabama and as a general surgeon at Memorial Hospital in North Conway, New Hamp- Duke University School of Medicine, where she was Alpha Omega Alpha. shire, and more recently on staff at Southern New Hampshire Medical She performed a pathology residency at University Hospitals of Cleve- Center in Nashua. land, Ohio. She loved to read everything, especially the New Yorker, and enjoyed sports, including Duke and Cleveland Cavaliers basketball, the William “Bill” Gough III, MD, HS’79-’82, of Asheville, North Carolina, Cleveland Indians, and the NCAA Tournament Pool. Among her survivors died August 27, 2016. He was 67. Gough practiced rheumatology in is her son William E. Kraus, MD’83, HS’88, a professor of cardiology and Asheville for 33 years at Asheville Rheumatology and Osteoporosis director of clinical translation at the Duke Molecular Physiology Institute. Center. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania cum laude and from the University of Rochester School of Medicine with distinction in Charles “Nick” Livengood III, MD’72, HS’81, died May 9, 2016. He was research. He served his internal medicine residency at Duke University an associate professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine, followed by a fellowship in rheumatology. As a at Duke and served as the medical director of Duke University Hospital’s teenager he was an Eagle Scout. Sexually Transmittable Infections Laboratory for more than two decades. After earning his medical degree at Duke, he completed residency train- Neil E. Green, MD, HS’70-’74, a world-renowned pediatric ortho- ing in internal medicine at the University of Missouri before returning to paedic surgeon from Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, and formerly Duke for residency training in obstetrics and gynecology and serving as of Nashville, Tennessee, died July 9, 2016 at age 75. Neil served in the administrative chief resident. He served on the Duke medical faculty for U.S. Air Force, then joined the faculty at Vanderbilt University Medi- 35 years and was chief of the Gynecology Service in the Department of cal Center, where he recently retired after 38 years of service. While Surgery at the Durham VA Medical Center from 2005-2016. at Vanderbilt, he was vice chairman of the Orthopaedic Department, director of the residency program, and chief of the Division of Pediatric Eugene M. Long II, MD’63, HS’63-’64, of Elon, North Carolina, died Orthopaedics. He also served as chair of the Vanderbilt Hospital Medical August 17, 2016. He was 79. Long was a retired obstetrician/gynecol- Board. The American Orthopaedic Association honored him as the ogist and a veteran of the U.S. Air Force. He graduated from Davidson Alfred Shands Guest lecturer. The Neil E. Green Lectureship was recently College in 1959 and then attended Duke University School of Medicine. instituted at Vanderbilt. He moved to Birmingham, Alabama, in 1964 for medical residency. From 1969 to 1971, Long served as a major in the U.S. Air Force in Tucson, Tao-shih Hsieh, PhD, died August 4, 2016. He was professor emeritus Arizona. He then moved to Burlington, North Carolina, to set up practice in the Department of Biochemistry at Duke. He was a leader in the and to be near family. He practiced at Alamance Clinic for Women for DNA topoisomerase field. He discovered the first eukaryotic type II DNA the first 10 years and then practiced at Kernodle Clinic until he retired in topoisomerase and contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms 2004. and functions of that class of enzyme, including their involvement in transcription, genetic recombination, mitochondrial maintenance, and Enoch A. Ludlow, MD’54, died June 3, 2015. He was retired from family the mechanism by which reverse gyrase permits the DNA double helix to practice. He founded a practice that is now known as Canyon View exist in hyperthermophiles. He received a BS from National Taiwan Uni- Medicine Group. He lived in Spanish Fork, Utah and was married to versity and a PhD from the University of California at Berkeley and com- Caroline W. Ludlow. pleted a postdoctoral fellowship in biochemistry at Stanford University before joining the Duke faculty as an assistant professor in 1981. He was Harry J. Metropol, T’53, MD’56, of Columbia, South Carolina, died May a Distinguished Research Fellow and served as director of the Institute 27, 2016. He was 86. Metropol completed his undergraduate degree at of Cellular and Organismic Biology at the Academia Sinica in Taiwan. In Duke in three years, graduating magna cum laude and a member of Phi 2013, he was inducted as a fellow of the World Academy of Sciences. Beta Kappa. After medical school, he completed an internship at Albany Medical Center and then served as a captain in the U.S. Army Medical Dennis Eblen Darnell Jones, MD’68, HS’72, of Greenville, North Car- Corps for two years. He went on to complete a surgery residency at olina, died August 25, 2016. He was 75. Jones graduated from Duke Bowman Gray School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. University School of Medicine in 1968 and completed an obstetric and He then opened a private practice in thoracic and general surgery in gynecology residency at Duke in 1972. He served as a major in the U.S. Columbia, where he practiced for more than 40 years. He also served Army Medical Corps in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, from 1972-1974, as chief of staff of Providence Hospital and as chief of surgery of Baptist receiving the Army Commendation Medal for Meritorious Service. From Medical Center. 1974 through 1977, he was an assistant professor at Penn State’s Milton S. Hershey Medical School in Hershey, Pennsylvania. He moved to Green- William L. Page, MD, HS’58-’59, died February 29, 2016, in Sarasota, ville in 1977 to become the second obstetric and gynecology clinical Florida. He was 87. After graduation from Trinity University, he enlisted faculty member at the East Carolina University (ECU) School of Medi- in the U.S. Air Force for four years. In addition to a residency at Duke cine. From 1984 to 1998 he led the OB/Gyn Department as professor University Hospital, he spent time at the University of Texas Medical and chairman. From 1998 to 2005, Jones was the director of graduate School in Houston and Ohio State University Hospital. He returned home medical education at the ECU School of Medicine. He also served the to Sarasota to practice medicine, including 16 years as a physician with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education from 1998-2007 the Department of Veterans Affairs. as a field staff representative, where he reviewed over 425 residency programs across the nation. A published medical researcher, Jones was also an examiner for the American Board of OB/Gyn for 15 years.

DukeMedAlumniNews | 39 obituaries

John M. Reed, MD’60, of Sacramento, California, died March 13, from Vanderbilt University, where he received the National Research 2016, at the age of 81. He graduated from Davidson College and Duke Award. He completed residency and fellowship training in pathology at University School of Medicine and completed internship and residency Duke and then served on the faculty as assistant professor and chief of in general surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and the the Division of Surgical Pathology. In 1991, he joined the faculty of the University of California-Davis Medical Center in Sacramento, respectively. University of South Alabama, where, in 2003, he became the Louise He served in the U.S. Public Health Service during the Vietnam War as Lenoir Locke Professor and chair of pathology. a surgeon in a provincial hospital in Nha Trang, South Vietnam. After returning to the United States, he started a private practice in general Galen Wagner, T’61, MD’65, of Durham, died July 13. He was 76. He surgery, which he maintained for over 30 years. He was chairman of the had a long and distinguished career at Duke with deep roots in the Duke Department of Surgery at American River Hospital in Carmichael, Califor- Clinical Research Institute. He was director of the Duke Cardiac Care nia and a senior staff surgeon at Mercy San Juan Hospital. Unit from 1968 to 1981, where he pioneered the world renowned Duke Cardiovascular Databank. He was director of the Duke Cardiology Fel- John D. Snyder HS’75-’78, of San Francisco, California, died after a lowship Program and assistant dean of medical education from 1977 to cycling accident on July 20, 2016 while on holiday in France. He was 67. 1982. He was a founder, co-director, and director of the Duke University Snyder was a noted authority on gastrointestinal disorders, infant nutri- Cooperative Cardiovascular Society. Wagner had a very successful re- tion, and international children’s health. He served on the World Health search career, with a particular interest in electrocardiography and acute Organization’s International Roster of Experts in Pediatric and Maternal coronary care. Health. He worked for three years on enteric diseases in several developing countries for the Centers for Disease Control, which inspired him to William “Merrill” Wilhoit, MD’44, HS’52, of Pensacola, Florida, died pursue pediatric gastroenterology fellowship training at Massachusetts April 28, 2016 at the age of 95. He graduated from the University of General Hospital in Boston. In 1992, he began work at the University of Florida with a bachelor’s degree in French, German, and chemistry. He California-San Francisco. In 2007, he moved to Children’s National Health earned a medical degree at Duke, where he was commissioned as a System in Washington, D.C. to become chief of the Division of Gastroen- lieutenant junior grade in the U.S. Navy Reserve. He served on active terology, Hematology, and Nutrition. duty from July 1945 until May 1947, when he returned to Duke to study psychiatry and neurology. He was recalled by the U.S. Navy to active Harry “Ben” Stone III, MD’65, HS’66-’70, DC, of New Bern, North duty in August, 1950, and served until November 1951. It was during Carolina, died May 16, 2016. He was 77. After graduating from Duke this second tour that Duke awarded him a specialty degree in psychiatry. University School of Medicine, he performed an internship at the Uni- In 1952, he earned a specialty degree in neurology from Duke. He was versity of Virginia in Charlottesville and a residency at Duke. He served recruited by the Medical Center Clinic to serve as the first private practice in the U.S. Air Force as chief of otolaryngology and surgical services at psychiatrist in Pensacola. Nellis Air Force Base in Las Vegas, Nevada. He practiced medicine as an ear, nose, throat, and allergy specialist and surgeon for 24 years in New Henry “Hank” Livingston Wright Jr., MD’44, HS’52, of Boca Grande, Bern. Stone was instrumental in establishing New Bern’s first speech and Florida, died May 16, 2016. He was 92. During his undergraduate hearing center, served as chief of staff at Craven County Hospital, and studies at Auburn University, he was part of the ROTC program. He was named a fellow by the American Academy of Ophthalmology and was inducted into the armed forces and served in England, France, and Otolaryngology in 1973. Austria from 1944 to 1946. He interned in obstetric and gynecology at Duke Hospital in 1952 and served an obstetric and gynecology residency Richard E. Symmonds, MD’46, of Rochester, Minnesota, died February 7, at the Ochsner Foundation in New Orleans, Louisiana. He then practiced 2016. He was 93. While a student at Duke University School of Medicine, obstetric and gynecological medicine at Tampa General Hospital for 20 he was a member of the medical school’s basketball team and played years. Wright then moved to Boca Grande and was the director of the in the “secret game,” the nation’s first interracial basketball game. Sym- Boca Grande Health Clinic for 28 years. monds served with the Medical Corps of the U.S. Naval Reserve in San Diego, California, until 1948. He went on to join Mayo Clinic in 1950 as Arthur W. Yount, MD’47, of North Palm Beach, Florida, died February a fellow in obstetrics and gynecology and was appointed to the staff in 24, 2016 at the age of 89. Yount served with the Merchant Marine in the 1953. He advanced to professor of clinical obstetrics and gynecology in waning days of Word War II, then graduated from The Citadel and Duke 1970. He served as chairman of the Division of Gynecologic Surgery from University. He performed an internship at Letterman Army Hospital in 1974 to 1983. San Francisco, then served in the Korean War as an army captain, where he was awarded the Bronze Star. He completed residency at Emory Joseph A. Tucker, MD, HS’85, of Mobile, Alabama, died March 23, 2016, University and a fellowship at the University of Alabama in Birmingham. following an 18-month battle with brain cancer. He was 60. He earned In North Palm Beach, where he and his family settled, he was the first an undergraduate degree, summa cum laude, from the University of internist/cardiologist in the area and practiced there for 50 years. Georgia, where he was a Foundation Fellow and a member of Phi Beta Kappa and Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. He earned a medical degree

40 | DukeMedAlumniNews

A Good Way T. Rudolph “Rudy” Howell, MD’58, vividly remembers his first day at Duke University to Give School of Medicine. Howell had been accepted after applying “on a dare, almost” from some and at Children’s Hospital in of his classmates at Wake Forest Richmond, Virginia. He retired in University, and he recalls Wilburt 2008. He has been a member of C. Davison, MD, the legendary the Southern Medical Associa- founding dean of the school, tion since 1965 and served as its welcoming the incoming class. president in 2003-2004. “He stood in front of us and “Medical school at Duke said we had been selected from prepared me completely for among the most select group the rest of my medical career,” of applicants,” says Howell. “He says Howell. “My experience said, ‘From this day forward there was very positive, and I you will be called ‘Doctor,’ and have a deep appreciation for you will be expected to act like the university and the School of one.’” Medicine.” Howell certainly complied. He and his wife, Cheryl, have After earning his medical degree expressed that appreciation in at Duke, he joined the Unit- numerous ways. Howell has ed States Air Force, where he been active in the Davison Club served as a cardiopulmonary and served as its president from specialist, flight surgeon, hospi- 2000 to 2002. He and Cheryl tal commander, and chief of Avi- established the Dr. T. Rudolph ation Medicine for almost three and Cheryl Howell Scholarship decades. He recorded thousands to support fourth-year medical of hours of flying time and was students with an interest in stationed at bases throughout radiology. the Far East and the U.S. They give back through a After his long career in the Duke program that allows them military, Howell returned to civil- to dedicate their required annual ian duty as a pediatric radiologist withdrawals from their Individual Rudy and Cheryl Howell and chair of the Department Retirement Accounts directly to of Pediatric Radiology at the the Duke fund of their choice. Medical College of Virginia “A lot of people may not re- (now Virginia Commonwealth alize that after age 72, you have University School of Medicine) to take a mandatory withdrawal out of your IRA every year,” Howell says. “This arrangement lets us meet that requirement and at the same time contribute to Duke. For us, and probably for By making a planned gift to any area of Duke Health, a lot of other people, it’s a very donors get the benefit of consulting with Joe Tynan, JD, good way to give.” executive director of gift and endowment planning, who has 30 years of experience in charitable gift planning, 20 of them at Duke. To learn more about making a planned gift, contact Tynan at [email protected] or 919-385-3114..

JARED LAZARUS nation’s most prestigious programs. prestigious most nation’s A The Medicine/Pediatrics Medicine/Pediatrics Internal Family Emergency Dermatology Anesthesiology total of 92 students participated in Match Day at Duke this year and are headed to some of the the of to some headed are and year Duke this Day at Match in participated 92 of students total 710 W. Main Street, Suite 200 Suite 710 Street, W. Main Durham, NC 27701 NC Durham, Affairs Alumni and Development Association Alumni Medical Duke Medicine Match! Medicine Medicine 2 7

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