INTRODUCTION The Creation of Racism

n the United States, African-American and to receive electroshock treatment (over 400 volts Hispanic children in predominantly white of electricity sent searing through the brain to school districts are classified as “learning control or alter a person’s behavior) and to be disabled” more often than Whites. This subjected to physical and chemical restraints.3 leads to millions of minority children Around the world, racial minority groups beingI hooked onto prescribed mind-altering continue to come under assault. The effects are drugs — some more potent than cocaine — to obvious: poverty, broken families, ruined youth, “treat” this “mental disorder.” And yet, with and even genocide (deliberate destruction of a early reading instruction, the number of students race or culture). No matter how loud the plead- so classified could be reduced by up to 70%.1 ings or sincere the efforts of our religious lead- African-Americans and Hispanics are also ers, our politicians and our teachers, racism just significantly over-represented in U.S. prisons. seems to persist. In Britain, black men are 10 times more Yes, racism persists. But why? Rather than likely than white men to be diagnosed as “schizo- struggle unsuccessfully with the answer to this phrenic,” and more likely to be prescribed and question, there is a better question to ask. Who? given higher doses of powerful psychotropic The truth is we will not fully understand (mind-altering) drugs.2 They are also more likely racism until we recognize that two largely

A Message from Isaac Hayes “Psychiatric programs and drugs have ravaged our inner cities, helping to create criminals of our young people, and all because psychiatrists and psychologists were allowed to practice racist behavioral control and experimentation in our schools, instead of leaving teachers just to teach. “CCHR has a commitment to improving conditions in the mental health field by exposing abuses like this — all well documented — and they are effectively doing something about them. That is why I became a commissioner of their organization and why I ask that you listen to what they have to say.” – Isaac Hayes, Academy Award-winning composer, musician, actor, and a commissioner with the Citizens Commission on Human Rights International

INTRODUCTION The Creation of Racism 2 unsuspected groups are actively and deceptively fostering racism throughout the world. The legacy of these groups includes such large-scale tragedies as the Nazi Holocaust, South Africa’s apartheid and today, the wide spread disabling of millions of schoolchildren with harmful, addictive drugs. These groups are psychiatry and psychology. In 1983, a World Health Organization report stated, “ … in no other medical field in South Africa is the contempt of the person, cultivated by racism, more concisely portrayed than in psychiatry.”4 Professor of Community Psychiatry, Dr. S.P. Sashidharan, stated, “Psychiatry comes closest to the police … in pursuing practices and pro- cedures that … discriminate against minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom.”5 Dr. Karen Wren and Professor Paul Boyle of the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, concluded that the role of scien tific racism in psychiatry throughout Europe is well established historically and continues today.6 This publication is designed to raise awareness Since 1969, CCHR has worked in the field among individuals about this harmful influence. of human rights and mental health reform, Not only can racism be defeated, but it must be, and has investigated the racist influence of if man is to live in true harmony. the “mental health” professions on the Nazi Holocaust, apartheid, the cultural assault of Sincerely, the Australian Aboriginal people, New Zealand Maoris and Native American Indians, and the current discrimination against Blacks across the world. Psychiatry and psychology’s racist ideolo- Jan Eastgate gies continue to light the fires of racism locally President, Citizens Commission and internationally to this day. on Human Rights International

INTRODUCTION The Creation of Racism 3 IMPORTANT FACTS For centuries, psychiatry and psychology have provided the “scientific” justification for racism.

1 The emergence of racism was certain to happen considering the basic philosophies that govern the psychiatric and psychological 2 professions. The first is the “survival of the fittest” principle, which underlies the psychiatric eugenics (racial “improvement”) movement; the other is the psychiatric idea that man is merely an animal. Together they form a mentality that breeds anti-social theories and attitudes, including racist ones.

In 1883, British psychologist Francis Galton created the term “eugenics,” from the Greek word 3 eugenes, meaning “good stock,” and defined certain racial groups as “inferior.”

Through their history of invented racial “diseases,” psychiatry and psychology have not only 4 legitimized modern racism, but also provided the justification for outright genocide.

For over 200 years racist theories such as those promoted by psychiatrist Benjamin Rush and psychologist Francis Galton (top right) have been used to justify discrimination. CHAPTER ONE The History of ‘Scientific’ Racism

hipping the devil out of them,” savages court [ask for] slavery. … They have no was the recommended “treat- independence about them, generally speaking, ment” for a mental “disorder” but follow a master as a spaniel would.” He left called drapetomania [from no doubt about his beliefs when he said, “The drapetes, a runaway slave and average intellectual standard of the Negro is Wmania, meaning crazy], which meant a slave had some two grades below our own.”7 the unnatural urge to run away. It was “discov- Humans, Galton determined, were decid- ered” in Louisiana in 1851. edly unequal. Ideas that men were of “equal The statements in this chapter are shocking, value,” he said, were simply “undeniably wrong but they illustrate the development of an out- and cannot last.” Any charity to the poor and rageous theory that is ill, he wrote, should now taken as “fact.” be conditional upon For centuries, psy- Benjamin Rush, the “father of their agreeing to chiatry and psychol- abstain from produc- ogy have provided American psychiatry,” declared ing offspring.8 the “scientific” justifi- that the color of Blacks was caused Galton’s well- cation for racism and known half-cousin the resultant abuse, by a rare, inherited disease called Charles Darwin, also assault and genocide “negritude,” which derived from a psychologist, pro- of targeted races and leprosy. He said the only evidence moted this too: “No groups. one who has attend- In 1883, Francis of a “cure” was when the skin ed the breeding of Galton, an English color turned white. domestic animals will psychologist, invented doubt that this must the term “eugenics” be highly injurious to (eugenes, meaning “good stock”). He encour- the race of man … hardly anyone is so ignorant aged using “better” human stock from which as to allow his worst animals to breed.”9 to breed, and discouraged what he considered Nazi psychiatrists and America’s mental “less desirable” stock from having children, evi- health movement would later adopt these ideas dently considering himself part of the “better” just as readily, but they were initially used to justify stock and thereby capable of judging the future slavery and then to control immigration. In accor- for all humanity. dance with eugenics theory, “Immigrants from Galton considered Africans inferior. After Italy, Greece, Hungary, and other southeastern spending two years in Africa, he wrote a book countries” were seen as not making the grade, entitled Tropical South Africa, stating: “These because they carried a germ that made them

CHAPTER ONE The History of ‘Scientific’ Racism 5 “more given to crimes of larceny [theft], kidnap- “Here is proof of the necessity of slavery,” ping, assault, murder, rape and sex-immorality.”10 reasoned Senator John Calhoun. “The African is But such “scientific” rationale had long been incapable of self-care and sinks into lunacy under used to justify the degradation of Blacks in the the burden of freedom. It is a mercy to give him United States. In 1797, psychiatrist Benjamin Rush, guardianship and protection from mental death.”13 the “father of American In 1851, Samuel A. psychiatry,” declared Cartwright, a promi- that the color of Blacks nent, white, Louisiana was caused by a rare, eugenics physician, inherited disease called claimed to have discov- “negritude,” which ered two mental dis- derived from leprosy. eases peculiar to blacks Rush said that the only which justified their evidence of a “cure” enslavement. One was was when the skin color the already mentioned turned white. This “dis- drapetomania, and the ease” was used as a rea- other he called dys- son for segregation, so aesthesia aethiopis that Whites would not (impaired sensation). be “infected.”11 Dr. Thomas Szasz, Author Robert professor of psychiatry Whitaker tells us, emeritus and CCHR’s “During the 19th centu- co-founder, wrote, ry, the perceived men- “Cartwright claimed tal health of African- that this ‘disease’ Americans was closely [drapetomania] caused tied to their legal status In 1851, Samuel A. Cartwright Blacks to have an as free men or slaves. uncontrollable urge to Those who lived in free “discovered” a mental disease run away from their states, or those who peculiar to Black slaves that he ‘masters.’ As covered were slaves and pub- earlier, Cartwright’s licly exhibited a desire called “drapetomania” — the recommended ‘treat- to be free, were at par- urge for slaves to run away from ment’ for this ‘illness’ ticular risk of being their “masters.” The “treatment” was ‘whipping the devil seen as insane.”12 out of them.’”14 According to the prescribed was “whipping Dysaesthesia aeth- 1840 U.S. census, insanity the devil out of them.” iopis supposedly affect- was 11 times more com- ed both mind and body mon among Negroes of Blacks. The symp- living in the North than those in the South. The toms included disobedience, answering disrespect- result was quickly shown to be absurd, but not fully and refusing to work.15 Dr. Russell Adams, before Southern politicians had seized upon it as professor emeritus of Afro-American Studies at evidence that “bondage (slavery) was good for Harvard University, claimed the cure was “frequent Negroes,” reported Whitaker. whippings.” Cartwright claimed, “The compulsory

CHAPTER ONE The History of ‘Scientific’ Racism 6 power of the white man, by making the sloth- what to do about them. Ploetz and his colleagues ful [idle] Negro take active exercise” vitalizes would be credited with providing the founda- blood to the brain “to give liberty to the mind.” tions of the Nazi racial state.18 [Emphasis added]16 But Ploetz helped create much more than the In 1879, German psychologist Wilhelm Nazi regime and the Holocaust. His work laid Wundt of Leipzig University provided the ulti- the foundation for eugenics and racial suppres- mate “proof” for eugenics and racism, by arro- sion in countries around the world, including gantly declaring that as man’s soul could not be Australia, Canada, England, South Africa and the measured with scientific instruments, it did not United States. The following is a small sample of exist. With this, man suddenly became merely the disastrous effects of his work — psychological another animal. In other words, stripped of his and psychiatric statements from the late 1800s to soul by Wundt, man could be manipulated as early 1900s: easily as a dog could be trained to salivate at the “From the eugenic standpoint, such sound of a bell. intermarriages [between White and Black] are In 1895, Alfred Ploetz, a Swiss-German not to be commended. … The colored race has not eugenicist, published his race inferiority theo- the energy nor the persistence of the white.”19 ries in the book The Fitness of Our Race and the “The Negro child is intellectually preco- Protection of the Weak. Calling his philosophy cious [developing too early] up to puberty when Rassenhygiene [racial hygiene], Ploetz openly a radical change takes place: his development discouraged medical care for “the weak.”17 In stops suddenly or even slightly retrogresses … later years, Hitler and his Nazi regime would use education does not reach the deepest layer of this to decide exactly who the “weak” were and his soul.”20

Bad Science Creates a Prejudiced Society

False racial theories that equated man with animals, promoted in the 19th century by the likes of psychologist Wilhelm Wundt and British psychologist Charles Wilhelm Wundt Darwin, laid in the foundation for the false sci- ence of eugenics and the suppression of minorities for generations to come — including Blacks freed following the Civil War and subsequently relegated to slums as second-class citizens (right). Charles Darwin In 1918, American eugenics advocate Paul people was “justified” because they were “as yet Popenoe claimed that the IQ of Blacks was deter- incapable of self-control, innocent of the know- mined by the amount of “white blood” in them: the ledge of good and evil,” therefore requiring lighter skinned the Black the higher their IQ, and “protection.”24 Just as runaway slaves were “cured” the blacker he was, the lower the IQ.21 in America, Aborigines were treated like “naughty J.T. Dunston, a British psychiatrist and South children,” by whipping them. Africa’s Commissioner In an Australian of Mental Hygiene, in inquiry into the effects 1923, claimed, “There of this program, one are, however … grounds victim testified: “We which suggest that the were told that our native, even of the best mother was an alco- tribes, possibly belongs holic and that she was to a race which is men- a prostitute and she tally inferior to ours.” didn’t care about us. His proof? Natives are They used to warn us “oriented in time in the that when we got older vaguest way, and gen- we’d have to watch it erally have little idea because we’d turn into of how old they are, or sluts and alcoholics, so of the passage of we had to be very care- time. Even their danc- ful. If you were white ing, of which they are you didn’t have that very fond, presents no dirtiness in you … It delicate motions — an was in our breed, in us important psychologi- Margaret Sanger to be like that.”25 cal point which should Native peoples in be carefully studied.”22 Supposedly to protect Americans’ America and Canada, In Australia, “geno- the New Zealand cide” was practiced a blood from being “tainted” with “racial Maori, and other non- little differently. Mixed inferiority,” eugenicist Margaret white populations were race children (usually Sanger, founder of Planned Parenthood, treated as similarly infe- of an aboriginal mother wanted to exterminate the Negro rior. Francis Pal Prucha and a white father) were wrote in The Great taken from their mothers, population through sterilization. Father, “Indian children placed on government were taken from homes reserves in the care of judged unsuitable or Whites, and denied education about their ancestry harmful to them by the Bureau of Indian Affairs or and culture. The 1921 Report of the Aborigines state social workers and placed in foster or adop- State Board stated, “The continuation of this policy tive homes, usually non-Indian ... eventually [it] must eventually solve the Aboriginal problem.”23 It was perceived more accurately as a force destruc- was racial genocide, an attempt to “breed out” the tive of Indian families and Indian children.” Aboriginal race. Native American Indian Sandy White Hawk The segregation and abuse of the Aborigine spoke of her ordeal after being taken from her birth

CHAPTER ONE The History of ‘Scientific’ Racism 8 SCIENCE OF BIGOTRY Racist Testing and Other Lies parents 30 years previously: “I was told that what I came from was horrible, savage, pagan ntelligence testing in the hands of psy- and that I was so lucky to be taken away from chiatrists and psychologists became another all of that. When I became a teenager and went means to forward racist views of man. I through normal teenage difficulties, my mother Eugenicist Paul Popenoe and psychologist told me, ‘Don’t grow up to be a good-for-noth- Lewis Terman used biased IQ tests to belittle ing Indian.’”26 non-white races. Popenoe claimed, “The IQ of Intelligence tests were another means to Blacks is determined by the amount of ‘white’ promote and preserve racist theories. blood in them” and Terman asserted non- In the 1950s, psychologist Lewis Terman, an whites “could never be educated.” “expert” in IQ testing, claimed that poor chil- In Australia, removing children dren could never be educated, and that Mexicans, from Aborigine mothers and other abuses Indians and Blacks should never be allowed to were “justified” because Aborigine people were Paul Popenoe have children. Such tests were used to stop Italians, “incapable of self-control, innocent of the Poles, Mexicans and others from moving to the knowledge of good and evil.” United States and “tainting” American blood.27 Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood of America and a eugenicist, contribut- ed an equally repulsive plan. Her “cure” for racial inferiority was sterilization. Sanger planned to “exterminate the Negro population” by inducing several black ministers with “engaging personali- ties,” to preach that sterilization was a solution to poverty. She stated that reaching Blacks “through a religious appeal,” would be the “most successful educational approach.”28 Lewis Terman Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein’s book, The Bell Curve, arrogantly claims that African-Americans and Hispanics that do worse than Whites in intelligence tests, are “genetically disabled” and therefore cannot cope with the demands of modern society.29 In an argument similar to those made by early advocates of “racial purity,” Herrnstein, a psy- chologist, claimed that Americans were becoming more stupid with each generation, and advocated selective breeding to prevent human “residue” from coming into existence.30 Through their history of invented racial “dis- eases,” arbitrary judgments on “better stock” and bogus scientific claims like “lower IQ” and “racial inferiority,” psychiatry and psychology have not only legitimized racism, but also provided the reason for outright genocide. IMPORTANT FACTS

In 1895, Swiss-German eugenicist Alfred Ploetz published his theories about eugenics and race inferiority, 1 coining the word Rassenhygiene (racial hygiene) and providing the “biological foundations” for the Holocaust.

In 1920, German psychiatrist Alfred Hoche published a book, Permission to Destroy Life Unworthy of Life, 2 wherein he demanded eutha- nasia be conducted on “mental defectives.”

The eugenics movement fueled the Ku Klux Klan’s resurrection in the early 3 1900s in the U.S. South African psychiatrists and psychologists offered the government a “scientific” 4 means by which to deny black South Africans employment and education and to tear apart their families.

Tens of thousands of black South Africans were incarcerated in psychiatric 5 camps during the apartheid era, used for slave labor and allowed to die from untreated medical conditions.

Theories of psychiatrists Ernst Rüdin, Alfred Ploetz and Alfred Hoche inspired Adolf Hitler, who based his racist plans on their teachings — as detailed in his autobiography Mein Kampf (My Struggle). CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide

ong before World War II, German psy- devoid of value and useless for employment chiatrists had devised the “scientific” other than for “manual crafts.” justification for euthanasia (“mercy kill- Fischer wrote, “He [the Negro] is not particu- ing”) based on “racial inferiority.” larly intelligent in the proper sense of the term, Following the 1895 publi- and above all he is devoid of the power of mental Lcation of his theories on eugenics, which he creation, is poor in imagination, so that he has not preferred to call “racial hygiene,” eugenicist developed any original art and has no elaborate Alfred Ploetz, together with psychiatrist Ernst folk sagas or folk myths. He is, however, clever Rüdin, founded the German Society for Racial with his hands … so that he can easily be trained Hygiene in 1905. They promoted the idea that in the manual crafts.”33 destroying the “unworthy” was “purely a In 1939, Fischer lectured students saying, healing treatment.” “… I do not characterize every Jew as inferior, as In 1911 — 22 years before the “OnlyNazi party through Negroes the are.” 34 came to power — Rüdin had already preached Rüdin was the primary supporter of Ger- that “All nations have to haulFührer around withdid them our dreammany’s Sterilization of over Act of 1933, which included an extraordinarily large numberthirty of years, inferiors, that the of sterilization applying of all Jews and “colored” chil- weaklings, sickly and cripples. … Through a wise dren.35 The law led to more than 350,000 “unfit” legislation [sterilization] along racialthis line hygiene ... we Germans to society, being sterilized. would also be able to pursue rationally the best The first psychiatric “killing test” (gassing avenues for breeding.”31 become a experiment)reality.” was conducted at Brandenburg In 1920, eugenicist Alfred — HocheErnst Rüdin, and Karl professor institution of psychiatry, in 1940 — 18 patients were murdered Binding, a lawyer who became Chief Justice of while psychiatrists and staff watched. Following the Nazi Reich, published the commissioner,book, Permission German the experiment’s Society for “success,” the euthanasia pro- to Destroy Life Unworthy of Life, in whichRacial they Hygienegram began. demanded euthanasia be conducted on “ mental Some 300,000 “mental defective” per- defectives” and stated, “Their death will not sons — 94% of all Germany’s “mentally ill” — met be missed in the least except maybe in the their deaths at the hands of psychiatrists. What hearts of their mother or guardian.” Hoche also followed was the Holocaust. Rüdin stated, “Only claimed killing a dying individual with a through the Führer did our dream of over thirty medical drug was not “murder” but a “pure years, that of applying racial hygiene to society, act of healing.”32 become a reality.”36 German psychiatrist Eugen Fischer, co-author Even though Rüdin was the architect of of The Principles of Human Heredity and Racial the plan that made legalized mass murder a Hygiene (1921), also urged the annihilation of reality, incredibly today, the U.S. National “Negro” children, theorizing that Blacks were Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and

CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide 11 Depression (NARSAD) poverty on black compe- glorifies Rüdin as the tition in South Africa’s founder of “psychiatric job market, stating that genetics.”37 “... long-continued con- Only a few Nazi tact with inferior col- psychiatrists were pro- ored races has in some secuted during the respects had deleteri- Nuremberg Trials; ous social effects on the most escaped jus- European.” Verwoerd tice and returned to stated, “There is no psychiatric practice place for [the Native] after the war. in the European com- munity above the level Apartheid: of certain forms of labor Psychiatric and ... for that reason it is Psychological of no avail for him to Influence in receive training.”39 South Africa His Nazi thinking The link between was also obvious by psychiatry, psychol- the fact that South ogy and apartheid is Africa’s segregation long-standing. South law was very similar to African Prime Minister the Nazi psychiatrists’ Hendrik Verwoerd, German psychiatrist Eugen Fischer, Racial Purity Law ban- a psychologist, had co-author of The Principles of Human ning Aryans and non- studied in German Aryans from living universities during Heredity and Racial Hygiene in 1921, together or marrying. the height of the Nazi urged the destruction of “Negro” South African psychia- psychiatrists’ racial children, theorizing that Blacks were trists and psychologists hygiene planning. devoid of value and useless for employ- offered the government German psychiat- a “scientific” means by ric eugenics of the day ment other than for “manual crafts.” which to deny black labeled Blacks, accord- South Africans employ- ing to Richard Lerner ment and education in Final Solutions: Biology, Prejudice and Genocide and to tear apart their families. as “[lazy], unintelligent, though … physi cally Verwoerd stated in September, 1943: “This capable people, who live in crime, poverty, and segregation policy, which also means protection generally socially deteriorated conditions, and and care for the Native in the land of the Afrikaner, do so because of their genetically based limited but decisively rejects any attempts at equality, mental capabilities.”38 gives the Native an opportunity to develop what German influence on Verwoerd’s thinking is is his own, so that he can have pride and self- clear. In 1928, Verwoerd, with the help of psych- respect as a Native, instead of being continually ologists from America’s Carnegie Foundation, humiliated as a failed and imitation white.” He helped instigate an in quiry that blamed white stated that South Africa would be doomed if its

CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide 12 policies allowed the African to “improve his skill, to keep and “treat” black patients. The apart- draw better wages and provide a better market heid government guaranteed a 90% occupancy within ‘white’ South Africa.” rate. Tens of thousands of Blacks were incarcer- As a result, proper education was also denied ated against their will, drugged and subjected to Blacks. To reinforce this, psychologist M.L. Fick electroshock without anesthetic, because anesthet- invented an intelligence test to “prove” the inferi- ics were “too expensive” to use on Blacks. They ority of “color castes” and how their educational were hired out to companies to perform unpaid abilities were limited.40 labor, making coat hangers, brushes, sheets and With millions of people facing substandard other items under the guise of “industrial therapy.” education, unemployment and poverty and, conse- Members of the Church of Scientology and the quently, low morale, it is no wonder that psychiat- Citizens Commission on Human Rights exposed ric institutions were established or that the justifi- all of this in 1974, resulting in psychiatrists con- able and normal reactions to the resultant oppres- vincing the apartheid government to revise the sion were falsely labeled as “mental disorders.” Mental Health Act to make it a criminal offense to For more than 30 years, these “special” report on conditions in any psychiatric hospital or psychiatric institutions were run by secret to take any photographs of them. So CCHR went agreement between the government and the pri- outside of South Africa, reporting its evidence to vate Smith, Mitchell & Co. (now called Lifecare), the World Health Organization (WHO). In 1997,

Psychiatric Slave Camps Racist psychologist Hendrik Verwoerd, who became Prime Minister of South Africa in 1958, issued that country’s first segregation policy in the 1930s, laying the ground- work for apartheid and with it, secret psychiatric slave labor camps where tens of thousands of Blacks were imprisoned and forced to work in appalling conditions. the WHO responded Still, the effects of with an investigation of apartheid will take a the psychiatric camps. long time to rectify, In 1983, a report on its especially because of findings condemned the obstruction by the the use of patients for psychiatric industry. unpaid labor, stating, CCHR Com missioner “This situation has no Lawrence Anthony parallel in the history addressed the World and present state of psy- Psychiatric Associ- chiatric care; it certainly ation on behalf of the does have a parallel South African govern- in the ownership and ment, reporting that the trading of slaves.”41 Society of Psychiatrists It also referenced Psychiatrist Frederick Goodwin, of South Africa has another inquiry which director of the U.S. National “failed to admit any had substantiated guilt or responsibility” CCHR’s alle gations of Institute of Mental Health in the for its role in apart- unexplained patient early 1990s, compared black heid atrocities. Instead, deaths: “The most psychiatrists are using shocking finding of youth living in inner cities to the post-apartheid era our investigation was “hyperaggressive” and “hypersexual” to garner more busi- the high number of ness, diagnosing the needless deaths among monkeys in a jungle to justify response of Blacks black patients in Smith putting them on psychiatric drugs. to apartheid oppres- Mitchell facilities. At sion as a “persecution none of the facilities complex.”44 did we find evidence of adequate medical care during the patients’ final ill- Psychiatry’s Destructive nesses … we saw charts of black patients in their 40s Experiments in the U.S. and 50s who were apparently allowed to die.” Psychiatric “treatment” of minorities When apartheid ended in 1994, CCHR helped has also included some of the most barbaric initiate a Health Ministry inquiry into malpractice experiments ever carried out in the name of and racism in psychiatric hospitals. The inquiry “scientific” research. found gross patient abuse, falsified death certifi- In the 1950s in New Orleans, black prisoners cates and general mistreatment of patients.42 The had experimental electrodes implanted into their camps were reformed. brains by psychiatrists Robert Heath from Tulane In 1997, CCHR presented testimony to the University and Harry Bailey from Australia. Bailey South African Truth and Reconciliation Com- later boasted in a lecture to nurses that they had cho- mission about the apartheid crimes of psychia- sen the test subjects on the basis that it was “cheaper trists and psychologists. The Psychological Society to use Niggers than cats because they were every- of South Africa finally admitted that psychological where and cheap experimental animals.”45 studies had been deliberately aimed at discredit- Heath also conducted secret tests funded by ing Blacks as intellectually inferior.43 the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), using LSD

CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide 14 and a drug called bulbocapnine, which in certain center in the 1960s, healthy African-American doses produces severe stupor. He experimented men were used as test subjects for the experi- on prisoners at the Louisiana State Penitentiary mental chemical warfare drug, BZ, which to see if the drug would cause “loss of speech, was 100 times more powerful than LSD. loss of sensitivity to pain, loss of memory, [and] In the 1970s, the NIMH supported one of the loss of will power…”46 most covert and evil experiments ever aimed at Blacks At the U.S. National Institute of Mental and Hispanics. Following the 1960s riots in Watts Health (NIMH) Addiction Research Center in (an African-American section of Los Angeles), Louis Kentucky, drug-addicted African-Americans Jolyon West of UCLA’s (University of California were given LSD, which kept many halluci- Los Angeles) Neuro psychiatric Institute created the nating for 77 consecutive days. At this same theory that the events were tied to genetic and racial

The resurrection of the Ku Klux Klan in 1915 coincided with the rise of eugenics-based racism in America. HARMFUL PHILOSOPHY Psychiatry’s Racist Impact in the U.S. rofessor Barry Mehler, Ph.D. of Ferris State of the fittest.” Dixon subsequently authored University tells us: “There is a clear and three racist books. The first, The Leopard’s P long and intimate connection between the Spots, concluded that peace could only eugenics movement and the Ku Klux Klan.” Harry be achieved through the separation of the Laughlin, who was the Carnegie Institution’s races. He claimed, “[T]he beginning of Negro Director of Eugenics, wrote a glowing review equality is the beginning of the end of this nation’s of the KKK book, White America. Thomas Dixon, life.” The eugenics movement helped to fuel the who glorified the exploits of the KKK, had KKK’s purpose, with Hiram Wesley Evans, Grand studied the works of British psychologist Herbert Wizard of the KKK in 1923, referencing eugenics Spencer who coined the phrase, “the survival leaders in his speech given on “Klan Day.”

CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide 15 Harry Bailey

In the 1950s in New Orleans, black prisoners were used for psychosurgery experiments. Robert Heath from Tulane University and Australian psychiatrist Harry Bailey conducted the experiments. Bailey boasted that they had used Blacks as it was “cheaper to use Niggers than cats because they were everywhere and cheap experimental animals.” Robert Heath factors and those prone to such violence were mostly 1990s, psychiatrist Frederick Goodwin, director of young black urban males. He proposed a “Violence the NIMH, compared black youth living in inner Initiative” that would see to it that offenders be cities to “hyperaggressive” and “hypersexual” treated with psychosurgery and chemical castra- monkeys in a jungle.48 tion. West’s idea was to test his treatment plan in The NIMH’s second “Violence Initiative” two high schools — one Black, the other Hispanic. targeted children as young as five. Their scientific (Protests led by CCHR and others concerned justification was to conduct research to see if caused the government’s funds for this “research” African-Americans and Hispanics had a violent project to be cut.) gene that could be controlled by psychiatric Ernst Rodin, head of the neurology depart- drugs. Drugs known to cause violent behavior ment of the Lafayette Clinic in Detroit, Michigan, were to be given to the children. claimed that children of limited intelligence often Dr. Seth Farber, director of the Network turned to violence if treated as “equals.” Rodin Against Coercive Psychiatry, stated, “Just like called for “dumb young males who riot” to be the Nazis ... what [psychiatrists] want to do is castrated in much the same way as oxen.47 scapegoat black youth, put them on drugs and Negative typecasting and comparisons between take away the rights of their parents. It is an Blacks and animals continued at the NIMH. In the outrageous, racist and oppressive plan.”

CHAPTER TWO The Roots of Modern Genocide 16 Today, in the United States, psychiatrists followed by escalating crime, illiteracy and and psychologists boldly demand more unemployment. Today, single-parent families research funds because African-Americans, are common. Too many Black and Hispanic Native American Indians and Hispanics men are imprisoned compared to the rest of are over-represented in the ranks of the population. Evidence of “racial profiling” the “mentally ill.” “Whipping the devil abounds, yet the NIMH pours millions and out of them” has been replaced with millions into researching “at risk” minority psychosurgery, electroshock and psychiatric populations and their “aggressive behavior.” drugs. The results are obvious, especially in Former clinical psychologist and CCHR the inner cities. Racial minorities have been Commissioner William Tutman warns, “To introduced to a whole new level of mind- oppress a race, and then label its reaction as altering, legally permissible drugs. This has a ‘mental illness,’ is not only morally wrong, ushered in a new wave of drug addiction, it is criminal and fraudulent.” ABUSE REPORT Racism in the United Kingdom avid “Rocky” Bennett, a 38-year- old African-Caribbean living in England, had an argument with a white patient over the use of a phone in a psychiatric facility. StaffD picked Bennett to be segregated from the rest of the patients. He became more upset. The staff then pinned him face down on the floor for 25 minutes. He screamed, “Get off me, get off me, I can’t breathe. Get off my throat. … They are going to kill me.” His screams were ignored. Then they stopped — David was dead. A May 2001 coroner’s inquest determined “Accidental Death Aggravated by Neglect.” David Bennett’s family requested and obtained a government inquiry into his death. This resulted in a February 2004 report that painted a bleak picture of “institutional racism” in the country’s “Whenever black people show mental health system. Sir John Blofeld, a retired any signs of psychiatric problems High Court judge, stated: “Black and minority eth- nic communities have a fear of the NHS [National they are labeled paranoid Health Service]: that if they engage with the mental schizophrenic or psychotic.” health services they will be locked up for a very long time, if not for life, and treated with medica- — Desmond McLean tion which may eventually kill them.” Desmond McLean was raped at the age of put a needle in my buttocks. Having that needle 14. He would not speak about his ordeal, which gives them a lot of control over your emotions. worried his family. After an argument at home, Whenever black people show any signs of psychi- he was admitted to an adult psychiatric ward in atric problems they are labeled paranoid schizo- England: “Whenever I showed any resentment to phrenic or psychotic. It’s because they don’t what was happening to me, four or five adults understand where black people are coming from would jump me and pull my trousers down and and how we express our frustrations.” IMPORTANT FACTS The U.S. President’s Commission on Excellence in Education reveals that 40% of children in Special 1 Education were falsely labeled with learning disorders simply because they weren’t taught to read.

For minorities, Special Education is covert psychiatric racism; a means of getting millions of children hooked on 2 mind-altering psychiatric drugs. Children who take amphetamine-type or other prescribed psychotropic 3 drugs do not perform better academically.

Teenagers who have been prescribed psychiatric drugs have been responsible 4 for many school shootings. The drugs’ side effects include violent behavior, mania and suicidal behavior.

More and more children are being diagnosed with ADHD, a “disease” that has never been clinically proven to exist, but a profitable one for the mental health industry. CHAPTEREnslaving Children THREE with Drugs

n March 2003 the United States Goldwater Gary Orfield, co-director of Harvard Institute’s Policy Report on “Race and University's Civil Rights Project, wrote: “The dis- Disability: Racial Bias in Arizona Special proportionate placement of black males into special Education” reported that, “Of both low- education classes has created a ‘ghetto within a income and African-American fourth ghetto.’ For a lot of these kids, this is a direct path Igraders tested, 60% scored ‘below basic’ on the to jail. This is taking a bad problem and putting latest National Assessment of Educational it inside another even worse problem. It’s just Progress Examination.”49 unconscionable.”51 According to the Goldwater Institute, “The According to Asa Hilliard, professor of urban sheer number of students education at Georgia State mislabeled is staggering. Uni versity, “If you call a Even worse, in predomi- kid retarded who is not, nantly white school dis- Black students are or say that he is learning tricts, minority students three times more likely than disabled and he is not, are classified as learning white students to be labeled and you separate him disabled at significantly out for special instruc- higher rates.”50 mentally retarded. While Black tion, which isn’t special, Black students are students account for only 16% of that just compounds the three times more likely problems.”52 than white students to be the U.S. student population, For minorities, Spe- labeled mentally retard- they represent nearly 32% of cial Education means ed. While black students all students in programs for continued, yet covert, account for only 16% of psychiatric racism. It is a the U.S. student popula- mild mental retardation. means for hooking mil- tion, they represent near- lions of children onto ly 32% of all students in mind-altering psychiat- programs for mild mental retardation. ric drugs by labeling them with “learning disabili- A 1993 U.S. News and World Report revealed that ties” at a cost of $30 billion a year to the taxpayers African-Americans were over-represented in special of the United States. education programs in 39 states. Psychiatrists and psychologists use the A decade later, the U.S. President’s Commission American Psychiatric Association’s Diag- on Excellence in Education revealed that 40% of nostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders children in Special Education were being labeled (DSM-IV) and the mental disorders section of the with learning disorders simply because they weren’t International Classification of Diseases to taught to read. justify these abuses.

CHAPTER THREE Enslaving Children with Drugs 19 Numerous books show that health and educational problems alone can cause attention and behavioral problems, thereby discrediting the “ADHD” learning disorder monopoly.

The DSM, according “Defenders of slavery, proponents of fidgets with hands or to professor Herb racial segregation ... have consistently feet or squirms in seat.” Kutchins, co-author attempted to justify oppression by In other words, psy- of Making Us Crazy, inventing new mental illnesses and by chiatrists define and is an “unreliable reporting higher rates of abnormality label normal childhood classification system.” among African-Americans or behavior as a mental “Defenders of slavery, other minorities.” disorder. The prescrip- proponents of racial tion is always for a — Professor Herb Kutchins, segregation … have co-author of Making Us Crazy psychiatric drug with consistently attempted harmful, mind-altering to justify oppression by characteristics. inventing new mental illnesses and by reporting Psychiatrists have dreamt up further theories, higher rates of abnormality among African-Americans such as chemical imbalances in the brain, to justify or other minorities.”53 child drugging. There is no such thing as a chemical Psychiatrists literally vote on whether or not a imbalance. Dr. Mary Ann Block, author of No More group of symptoms should be considered a “mental ADHD, points out, “The psychiatrist does not do any disorder” for inclusion in the DSM. testing. The psychiatrist listens to the history and Using the manual, psychiatrists can fraudulently then prescribes a drug.” diagnose any child as suffering “Attention Deficit There are numerous side effects and risks with Hyperactivity Dis order” (ADHD). The “symptoms” the drugs prescribed for so-called ADHD. include “has difficulty playing quietly,” “often talks A short list of these follows: excessively,” “often loses things,” “fails to complete Ritalin, the main drug prescribed, is more potent schoolwork, chores, or other duties...” and “often than cocaine and classified by drug oversight agencies

CHAPTER THREE Enslaving Children with Drugs 20 as being as harmful and addictive as morphine and The drug side effects are now recognized to include opium.54 violent behavior, mania and homicide. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Fred Shaw, president of the Compton branch issued warnings that stimulants like Ritalin and of the National Association for the Advancement Adderall cause suppression of growth, psychosis, of Colored People (NAACP), and a former Deputy hallucinations, aggression, and sudden death from Los Angeles Sheriff who owns and manages group heart attacks and strokes. homes (alternatives to prisons) for boys, says: “I Children who take stimulants or other pre- deal with black teenagers who have been labeled scribed psychotropic drugs do not perform better as inferior, been given substandard education and academically. They fail just as many courses, and told there is something wrong with their drop out of school just as often as children who do brains which requires powerful, mind-altering not take the drugs. ‘medication.’ They have no hope and see no future. Millions of children are prescribed anti- It’s a recipe for crime and suicide.” depressants called Selective Serotonin Reuptake Mrs. Sheila Aus tells of her experience: “The Inhibitors (SSRIs). These now carry a warning of school gave me the option of putting [my daughter] suicide risk to under 18-year-olds. The drugs also on drugs or placing her in a special education cause anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, class. I finally relented and allowed the school irritability, hostility, impulsivity, akathisia (severe psychiatrists to prescribe drugs. ... She started restlessness), hypomania (abnormal excitement), experiencing hallucinations, became physically and mania and are addictive. aggressive, mean and uncontrollable. I informed Further, stimulants are abused more often than the school that I wanted to discontinue [the cocaine, with 2.3 million children and adolescents in stimulants]. They called Child Protective Services the United States illicitly taking them. Internationally and reported that I was being medically negligent the drugs are sold illegally for $2 to $5 a pill. Ritalin because I wasn’t willing to give her necessary is chemically similar to cocaine and can predispose a medication. Something has to be done to stop this child taking it to later cocaine abuse. madness. Psychiatrists are getting richer, while Antipsychotic drugs prescribed for “behav- my daughter and countless other children may ioral” problems are responsible for more than 40 never recover from the damage caused.”58 deaths and cause life-threatening convulsions and Shaw adds, “The solution is not to further low white blood cell count. label children, or to give them psychological or Teenagers who have been prescribed psychi- psychiatric services, but to provide them with atric drugs have been responsible for many school effective literacy programs and empower them with shootings; Columbine was the most notorious one. knowledge and the ability to live responsibly.”

“The psychiatrist does not do any testing. The psychiatrist listens to the history and then prescribes a drug.” — Dr. Mary Ann Block, author of No More ADHD

CHAPTER THREE Enslaving Children With Drugs 21 THE DEADLY RISK Psychological Programs in Schools or many years, schools have employed as the school curriculum merely stated that it was destructive psychological programs. “Anger “social sciences.” Two days after her son watched F management” is claimed to teach individu- this video, she walked into his room and found him als to control their aggression and anger; “conflict dead, hanging by a rope from his bunk bed. resolution” is supposed to help a person to resolve Columbine High School shooters, Eric Harris a conflict without resorting to violence. Yet in one and Dylan Klebold are prime examples of the failure anger management class, a boy beat up a class- of “anger management” and “death education.” mate so badly that six days later the victim was still Harris was taking an antidepressant that often causes in the hospital.59 violent mania. Both Klebold and Harris were ordered Another psychological experiment, “death educa- by the court to undergo psychological counseling, tion,” has been used in many countries since the 1970s. including “anger management.” They also partici- It requires children to dis- pated in school-based cuss death, suicide and to “death education.” write their own wills and “Give the mental As part of the epitaphs. “death education” One U.S. “death health industry a leave of class, students were education” class asked to imagine their in volved taking students absence from our nation’s own death. Harris sub- to a deserted river shore- homes and schools.” sequently had a dream line, to observe a mock where he and Klebold crime scene complete — Beverly Eakman, went on a shooting with a “dismembered Educational Author rampage in a shopping mannequin in the car center. After writing of trunk, a severed arm in his dream and handing a grocery bag and a bloody hacksaw.”60 it in to the teacher, Harris and Klebold acted out In Kyoto, Japan, in a bizarre attempt to edu- the dream by killing a teacher, 12 classmates and cate children about violence, a teacher disguised in a then themselves.62 cap and sunglasses, and brandishing a 20-inch Influenced by psychiatrists, in 2003 the metal rod, burst into a class of 11-year-olds [U.S.] president's New Freedom Commission on sending them stumbling over desks and chairs Mental Health recommended “… the early detec- trying to escape.61 tion of mental health problems in children and Joey, an 8-year-old African-American, attend- adults — through routine and comprehensive ed a “problem solving” class in his school. He was testing and screening” in schools.63 shown a film that depicted a young boy trying to Students are screened or “profiled” by kill himself by tying a rope around his neck. In the using questionnaires that inquire about their film, the boy talks about not being liked at school, own and their parents’ attitudes and behaviors. being teased and worrying about growing up. Questions include, “during the last 12 months, how Joey’s mother did not know about the program many times have you hit or beat up on someone”

CHAPTER THREE Enslaving Children with Drugs 22 or “stolen something from a store?” Other questions Dr. Joseph Glenmullen, of Harvard Medical ask how many times they’ve used cocaine, had sexual School, says the questionnaire of symptoms used intercourse, felt “sad or depressed” and how often their to “diagnose” depression “may look scientific,” parents tell them they love them.64 but “when one examines the questions asked The TeenScreenTM program in the United States and the scales used, they are utterly subjective uses questions such as, “Has there been a time when measures ….”67 nothing was fun for you and you just weren’t interested Educational author Beverly Eakman warns, in anything?” “Has there been a time when you felt you “The term ‘screening’ takes on new meaning as couldn’t do anything well or that you weren’t as good- children, and by extension, their families, today looking or as smart as other people?”65 The psychiatrist are assessed for supposed ‘markers’ of psychologi- who invented the test admits there is an 84% error rate cal disorders … with the results of such analyses in identifying at-risk children. going into cross-referenced electronic [data] sys- With enough “correct” answers, the next ques- tems. …”68 Her advice? “Give the mental health tionnaire, called the “Diagnostic Interview Schedule for industry a leave of absence from our nation’s Children” (DISC), claims to be able to check for 18 psy- homes and schools.”69 chiatric disorders.66 The child is then referred to a psychologist or psy- chiatrist and, usually, prescribed drugs.

CREATED KILLERS: Columbine High School students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold killed a teacher, 12 classmates and themselves in a murderous rampage that took place after both boys had undergone court-ordered psychological counseling and “anger management.” In addition, they had taken “death education” classes in their school where they were instructed to imagine their own deaths. At the time of the killings, Harris was also taking an antidepressant known to cause aggressive behavior. Eric Harris

Dylan Klebold IMPORTANT FACTS

All psychiatric and psychological racist influence — in our courts, police departments, prisons, schools 1 and universities — must be eradicated so that it can never again be used to oppress and degrade individuals.

A proper, non-psychiatric, medical examination must be conducted to determine if an undiagnosed physical problem 2 is causing any person’s unwanted behavior.

The psychiatric profession has a profit interest in ensuring that racist ideas continue to 3 influence our society. The way to ensure freedom from their consequences is to continue to identify and limit the influence of the exact source of this social poison — psychiatrists and psychologists. CHAPTERCreating a Better FOUR Future

outh African President Nelson R. People (NAACP) in the United States unan- Mandela, in his autobiography Long imously passed a resolution supporting federal Walk to Freedom, states, “Out of the legislation that would protect children from experience of an extraordinary human being forced onto psychiatric drugs in schools. disaster that lasted too long, must be A proper examination must be performed to bornS a society of which all humanity will be determine if an undiagnosed physical problem is proud. … Never, never, and never again shall causing any child’s unwanted behavior. it be that this beautiful land will again experi- The numerous factors that fit the “ADHD” ence the oppression of one by another. … The criteria, but which can be accurately diagnosed sun shall never set on as allergic reactions or so glorious a human vitamin/nutritional achievement.” “Out of the experience of an deficiencies, include: To achieve this High levels of desired society, the extraordinary human disaster that lead from the environ- psychiatric sources of lasted too long, must be born a ment, which can place apartheid and similar society of which all humanity will children at risk of “extraordinary human both school failure and disasters” must be be proud. …Never, never, and never delinquent behavior. clearly identified. again shall it be that this beautiful High mercury levels Isaac Hayes says: land will again experience the in the body also may “Children are the hope cause agitation. of our culture, whether oppression of one by another. … Insect killing Black, Hispanic, Native The sun shall never set on so agents which can cre- American, or any race. glorious a human achievement.” ate nervousness, poor Do inner-city youth, concentration, irritabil- antagonized by pover- — President Nelson Mandela, ity, memory problems, ty, substandard inner- Long Walk to Freedom and depression. city education, unem- Too much sugar ployment and broken can make a person “too families, need labels active” or “hyper.” and drugs that will turn them violent? This Our modern-day fast food, which often lacks battle is about mental slavery.” nutritional value, can dramatically affect a In response to this “mental slavery” — person’s behavior. psy chiatric labels and drugs — the National Bad food or poor nutrition can create anxi- Association for the Advancement of Colored ety and other behavioral or mental problems.

CHAPTER FOUR Creating a Better Future 25 Helping, Not Betraying, Children was brought to the home, diagnosed as ADD Michael was 8 years old when he was diag- (Attention Deficit Disorder). The treating psy- nosed with “ADHD” at school and prescribed chologist said that we wouldn’t want to take psychiatric drugs. His mother didn’t like the him. As he supposedly had ADD, I asked the boy idea, but was told some basic questions: by psychologists and ‘What’s the longest psychiatrists that time you’ve ever talk- unless Michael took ed with a girl on the their “medication” he phone? ‘Three to five would not be allowed hours,’ he replied. ‘Do to stay in class. After you remember what taking the prescribed she said?’ He could drugs, he became dis- remember it all. ‘How ruptive, argued with long can you play a his parents and ran Nintendo [video] away from home. His game?’ He told me mother, Patricia, real- he’d played it eight ized that his behav- hours straight. ‘What ior started with his about books? Can you taking the drugs. She read?’ He said he read sought the help of a books from the begin- medical doctor who ning to end — the ones didn’t prescribe psy- he liked reading. He’d chiatric drugs. She also played full games discovered Michael of basketball. So it suffered severe aller- appeared to me that gies, the symptoms he could pay attention of which were iden- to anything that he tical to those listed was interested in.”70 by psychiatrists as The drugging of “ADHD.” The doc- The psychiatric profession our children is only tor slowly took him has a financial interest in ensuring one aspect of psychia- off the drugs and try’s assault on minor- made sure he didn’t that racist ideas continue to ities or other racial eat foods to which plague our future leaders. targets, and protecting he reacted badly. He our children requires also received tutor- great vigilance from ing to catch up on the schooling he had missed all parents. But the psychiatric profession has while influenced by the drugs he had taken. a financial interest in ensuring that racist ideas He returned to his “old self.” Today, Michael is continue to plague our future leaders. an outspoken teenager who can strip and put The way to ensure freedom from their con- together a computer faster than his father and sequences is to continue to identify and limit wants to become a film director. the influence of the exact source of this social Fred Shaw tells this story: “A black youth poison — psychiatrists and psychologists.

CHAPTER FOUR Creating a Better Future 26 RECOMMENDATIONS Recommendations

The destructive influence of psychiatry has caused chaos throughout society, especially in the hospitals, courts, prisons and educational systems. Citizens groups should unite and work together to first expose and then abolish 1 psychiatry’s hidden manipulation of society.

If you are aware of a psychiatrist or psychologist abusing a friend, family member or neighbor, file a complaint with the police against any offending psychiatrist and his or her hospital, associations and teaching institutions. 2 CCHR can assist you.

While CCHR does not provide legal advice, with the help of competent legal counsel, you can prevent psychiatrists and psychologists from taking away 3 your rights and forcing your children or a family member to be placed on powerful psychiatric drugs. CCHR can also assist you with this.

If you do have a problem, talk to someone you trust — a parent, brother or sister, teacher, minister or a friend. Get real help, not psychiatric 4 and psychological betrayal. If your child is having problems in school, speak with his or her teacher and ensure that the child fully understands the educational materials, has 5 been taught phonics and is able to use a simple dictionary in class to fully define and understand words. Insist upon a tutor — not drugs — to address educational problems.

If anyone you know is exhibiting emotional problems, a competent and caring non-psychiatric physician needs to be found who will conduct a thorough physical exam to determine whether an untreated physical 6 condition is the cause of the problem.

CREATING RACISM Recommendations 27 Citizens Commission on Human Rights International he Citizens Commission on Human CCHR’s work aligns with the UN Universal Rights (CCHR) was established in Declaration of Human Rights, in particular the 1969 by the Church of Scientology following precepts, which psychiatrists violate to investigate and expose psychiatric on a daily basis: violations of human rights, and to Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, clean up the field of mental heal- liberty and security of person. ing. Today, it has more than 250 chapters in over Article 5: T34 countries. Its board of advisors, called No one shall be subjected to tor- ture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment Commissioners, includes doctors, lawyers, educa- or punishment. tors, artists, business professionals, and civil and human rights representatives. Article 7: All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal While it doesn’t provide medical or protection of the law. legal advice, it works closely with and supports medical doctors and medical practice. A key CCHR Through psychiatrists’ false diagnoses, stig- focus is psychiatry’s fraudulent use of subjective matizing labels, easy-seizure commitment laws, “diagnoses” that lack any scientific or medical brutal, depersonalizing “treatments,” thousands merit, but which are used to reap financial ben- of individuals are harmed and denied their efits in the billions, mostly from the taxpayers or inherent human rights. insurance carriers. Based on these false diagno- CCHR has inspired and caused many hun- ses, psychiatrists justify and prescribe life-dam- dreds of reforms by testifying before legislative aging treatments, including mind-altering drugs, hearings and conducting public hearings into psy- which mask a person’s underlying difficulties and chiatric abuse, as well as working with media, law prevent his or her recovery. enforcement and public officials the world over.

CITIZENS COMMISSION on Human Rights 28 MISSION STATEMENT

THE CITIZENS COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS investigates and exposes psychiatric violations of human rights. It works shoulder-to-shoulder with like-minded groups and individuals who share a common purpose to clean up the field of mental health. We shall continue to do so until psychiatry’s abusive and coercive practices cease and human rights and dignity are returned to all.

Dr. Ben Ngubane (CCHR International) ... its noble humanitar- Minister for Arts, Culture, Science ian endeavors will long be remembered and and Technology, South Africa: deeply appreciated.” “I congratulate CCHR for having identi- fied the inhumanity inflicted on the mentally Isaac Hayes ill and their untiring campaign to bring this to Grammy award-winning composer, the world’s notice. As a country and govern- musician and actor, international ment, we will work with organizations such advocate for literacy: as CCHR seeking to protect all citizens from “African-Americans and black communi- the type of terror and oppression experienced ties all over the world have been the target of by the majority of the citizens of South Africa psychiatry’s racial inferiority theories, which during apartheid.” led to substandard education being given to many of them. CCHR is an important group The Hon. LeAnna Washington because if we allow psychiatrists to propagate Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: the lie that our people are victims, that they “Whereas, [CCHR] works to preserve are mentally ill when, in fact, they have been the rights of individuals as defined by the oppressed by psychiatry’s own racist ideolo- Universal Declaration of Human Rights and gies and tests, then it will be our fault. CCHR to protect individuals from ‘cruel, inhuman has a commitment to improving conditions in or degrading treatment’ … the House of the mental health field and they are effectively Representatives of Pennsylvania congratulates doing something about it.”

For further information: CCHR International 6616 Sunset Blvd. Los Angeles, CA, USA 90028 5FMFQIPOF


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IVNBOSJHIUT!DDISPSH CCHR INTERNATIONAL Board of Commissioners

CCHR’s Commissioners David Egner, Ph.D. Sandra Gorcia Rojas Harriet Schock act in an official Seth Farber, Ph.D. Steven Hayes, Esq. Dennis Smith capacity to assist CCHR Mark Filidei, D.O. Gregory Hession, J.D. Michelle Stafford in its work to reform the Nicolas Franceshetti, M.D. Sen. Karen Johnson Cass Warner field of mental health Marta Garbos, Psy. D. Erik Langeland, Esq. Miles Watkins and to secure rights for Leonid Lemberick, Esq. Kelly Yaegermann the mentally ill. Howard Glasser, M.A. Patti Guliano, D.C. Vladimir Leonov, M.P. International President Edward C. Hamlyn, M.D. Lev Levinson EDUCATION Jan Eastgate Brett Hartman, Psy.D. Doug Linde, Esq. Dr. Samuel Blumenfeld Citizens Commission Lawrence Hooper, M.D. Jonathan W. Lubell, LL.B. Cassandra Casey on Human Rights Dr. Joseph Isaac Jeff Lustman Gleb Dubov, Ph.D. International, Los Angeles Georgia Janisch, R.D. Kendrick Moxon Beverly Eakman National President Dr. Derek Johnson Rep. Curtis Oda Professor Antony Flew, Bruce Wiseman Jonathan Kalman, N.D. Col. Stanislav Pylov Ph.D. Citizens Commission on Dr. Peter Kervorkian, D.C. Rep. Guadalupe Rodriguez Dr. Wendy Ghiora, Ph.D. Human Rights United Professor Oleg Khilkevich Sandro Garcia Rojas Professor Hector Herrera States Kenichi Kozu, Ph.D. Timothy Rosen, Esq. Wendy McCants-Thomas Citizens Commission on Eric Lambert, R. Ph. Steven Russell, Esq. Sonya Muhammad, M.S. Human Rights Board Anna C. Law, M.D. Rep. Aaron Tilton, (UT) James Paicopolos Member Richard Lippin, M.D. Rep. Mark Thompson Nickolai Pavlovsky Isadore M. Chait Otani Logi Rep. Michael Thompson Anatoli Prokopenko Lloyd McPhee Rep. Matt Throckmorton Gayle Ruzicka Founding Joel Turtel Commissioner Dr. Bari Maddock Joan Mathews-Larson, ARTS, Shelley Ucinski Dr. Thomas Szasz, Ph.D. ENTERTAINMENT Micheal Walker Professor of Psychiatry Conrad Maulfair, D.O. & MEDIA Charles Whittman, III Emeritus at the State University of New York Colleen Maulfair Kirstie Alley BUSINESS Health Science Center Clinton Ray Miller Anne Archer Dr. Robert Morgan Ph.D. Jennifer Aspen Lawrence Anthony SCIENCE, MEDICINE & Craig Newnes Catherine Bell Michael Baybak HEALTH Gwen Olsen David Campbell Phillip Brown Rohit Adi, M.D. Mary Jo Pagel, M.D. Raven Kane Campbell Luis Colon Ivan Alfonso, M.D. Vladimir Pshizov, M.D. Nancy Cartwright Bob Duggan Professor Garland Allen Lawrence Retief, M.D. Kate Ceberano Joyce Gaines Giorgio Antonucci, M.D. Franklin H. Ross, M.D. Chick Corea James A. Mackie Ann Auburn, D.O. Megan Shields, M.D. Bodhi Elfman Cecilio Ramirez Mark Barber, D.D.S. Allan Sosin, M.D. Jenna Elfman Sebastien Sainsbury Lisa Bazler, B.A., M.A. David Tanton, Ph.D. Cerise Fukuji Roberto Santos Ryan Bazler, B.S., MBA William Tutman, Ph.D. Isaac Hayes Margarethe von Beck, Tony Urbanek, M.D., Donna Isham RELIGION DLitt et Phil D.D.S. Mark Isham Rev. Doctor Jim Nicholls Shelley Beckmann, Ph.D. Margaret von Beck, Ph.D. Jason Lee Pastor Michael Davis Lisa Benest, M.D. Wanda von Kleist, Ph.D. Geoff Levin Bishop Samuel V.J. Peter Bennet Julian Whitaker, M.D. Gordon Lewis Rowland Mary Ann Block, D.O. Spice Williams-Crosby, Juliette Lewis John Breeding, Ph.D. BSc, MFS, CFT John Mappin ACTIVISTS/HUMAN Lisa Cain Michael Wisner Jaime Maussan RIGHTS Anthony Castiglia, M.D. Sergej Zapuskalov, M.D. Jim Meskimen Paul Bruhne Roberto Cestari, M.D. Norman Zucker, M.D. Tamra Meskimen Janice Hill James Chappell, D.C. Marisol Nichols Nedra Jones. Ph. D. N.D., Ph.D. POLITICS & LAW John Novello Elvira Manthey Beth Clay Rep. Russell Albert David Pomeranz Sheila Matthews Bishop David Cooper Lewis Bass, M.S., J.D. Kelly Preston Lynette Riley-Mundine Jesus Corona Timothy Bowles, Esq. Tariz Nasim Ghulam Abbas Sajan Ann Y. Coxon, M.B., B.S. Robert Butcher, LLB Kelly Patricia O’Meara William Tower Moira Dolan, M.D. Robert E. Byron, LLC Leah Remini Ishrat Nasim Mary Ann Durham, B.S. Lars Engstrand Lee Rogers Patricia Weathers Dan L. Edmunds, ED.D., Guillermo Guzmán de Carrina Ricco Allan Wohrnitz, B.Sc. M.A., B.C.S.A. la Garza Raul Rubio Lloyd Wyles CCHR National Offices

CCHR Australia CCHR Finland CCHR Italy CCHR Russia Citizens Commission on Citizens Commission on Citizens Commission Citizens Commission on Human Rights Australia Human Rights Finland on Human Rights Italy Human Rights Russia P.O. Box 6402 Post Box 145 (Comitato dei Cittadini per i Borisa Galushkina #19A North Sydney 00511 Helsinki, Finland Diritti Umani ONLUS — CCDU) 129301, Moscow New South Wales 2059 Phone: 358-9-8594-869 Viale Monza 1 Russia CIS Australia 20125 Milano, Italy Phone: (495) 540-1599 Phone: 612-9964-9844 CCHR France
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DDISBO[P!UQHDPNBV Citizens Commission on Human Rights France CCHR Japan CCHR South Africa CCHR Austria (Commission des Citoyens pour Citizens Commission on Citizens Commission on Citizens Commission on les Droits de l’Homme—CCDH) Human Rights Japan Human Rights South Africa Human Rights Austria BP 10076 2-11-7-7F Kitaotsuka P.O. Box 710 (Bürgerkommission für 75561 Paris Cedex 12 , France Toshima-ku Tokyo Johannesburg 2000 Menschenrechte Österreich) Phone: 33 1 40 01 09 70 170-0004, Japan Republic of South Africa Postfach 130 Fax: 33 1 40 01 05 20 Phone/Fax: 81 3 3576 1741 Phone: 011 27 11 624 3538 A-1072 Wien, Austria &NBJM
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JOGP!DDISPSHVL REFERENCES References

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Whittaker, Knowledge and Power, 1991, Section: “A Critical Necessitates Reappraisal in General Procedures and Eurocentric Theories,” Perspective on Psychology in Azania/South Africa.” British Medical Journal, 24 July 1999. 41. “Apartheid and Health,” World Health Organization Report, 1983, p. 230. 6. Dr. Karen Wren and Professor Paul Boyle, University of St. Andrews, 42. “Report on Human Rights Violations and Alleged Malpractices in “Migration and Work-Related Health in Europe — A Literature Review,” Psychiatric Institutions, National Department of Health,” South Africa, Feb. Report No 1:2001, National Institute for Working Life, 2001, pp. 21 & 24. 1996; “Report Paints a Grim Picture of Abuse in SA’s Psychiatric Institutions,” 7. Robert Whitaker, Mad in America: Bad Science, Bad Medicine, and the Enduring Business Day, 21 Feb. 1996. 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Proctor, Racial Hygiene, Medicine Under the Nazis (Harvard University Press, 1988), p. 15. 51. Joel McNally, “A Ghetto within a Ghetto,” Rethinking Schools, Vol. 17, No. 3, Spring 2003, Internet address: http://www.rethinkingschools.org/archive/17_ 18. Ibid. p. 28. 03/17_03.shtml. 19. H.B. Fantham, “Some Factors in Eugenics,” The South African Journal of 52. Ibid. Science, Vol. XXI, Nov. 1924, p. 409. 20. A.L. Cureau, “Savage Man in Africa; A Study of Primitive Races in the 53. Herb Kutchins & Stuart A. Kirk, Making Us Crazy: The Psychiatric Bible and French Congo,” translated by E. Andrews (Fisher Unwin, London, 1915) pp. the Creation of Mental Disorders (The Free Press, New York, 1997), p. 200. 70–83. 54. Brian Vastig, “Pay Attention: Ritalin Acts Much Like Cocaine,” Journal of the 21. Paul Popenoe, M.D., “Intelligence and Race — A Review of the Results of American Medical Association, 22–29 Aug. 2001, Vol. 286, No. 8, p. 905; “Drug Army Intelligence Tests — II. The Negro,” Journal of Heredity, Vol. XIII, No. 7, Scheduling,” Drug Enforcement Administration Online, Internet address: http:// July 1922, pp. 295–98. www.dea.gov, accessed: 31 July 2003. 22. J.T. Dunston, “Retarded and Defective Children: Native Mentality, Mental 55. Physicians’ Desk Reference, 1998 (Medical Economics Company, New Jersey, Testing,” Presidential Address, 12 July 1923, p. 154. 1998), pp. 1896–1897; Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders III (American Psychiatric Association, Washington, D.C., 1980), p. 150. 23. Peter Read, The Stolen Generations of Aboriginal Children in NSW, 1883–1869 (Sydney Govt. Printer, 1982). 56. “Drugs For Depressed Children Banned,” The Guardian, 10 Dec. 2003. 24. Nigel Parbury, Survival — A History of Aboriginal Life in NSW, Ministry of 57. “Worsening Depression and Suicidality in Patients Being Treated with Aboriginal Affairs, 1986. Antidepressant Medications,” US Food and Drug Administration Public Health Advisory, 22 Mar. 2004. 25. “Bringing Them Home: A Guide to the Findings and Recommendations of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait 58. Sheila Aus, Letter to CCHR Int, 2004. Islander Children from Their Families,” Australian Human Rights and Equal 59. Tamer Lewin, “Class Time and Not Jail Times for Anger, But Does It Opportunity Commission, 2002, p. 7. Work?” The New York Times, 1 July 2001. 26. Kristen Kreisher, “Coming Home: The Lingering Effects of the Indian 60. “The Reincarnation of Death Education,” Education Reporter, #194, Mar. Adoption Project,” Children’s Voice Article, Mar. 2002, Child Welfare League of 2002. America website, Internet address: http://www.cwla.org, accessed: 23 June 2004. 61. “Seventeen and Deadly, Japan, Violence and School Children,” Keys to 27. Allan Chase, The Legacy of Malthus (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1980), pp. 233–235. Safer Schools.com, Vol. 33, 1999. 28. Elasah Drogin, Margaret Sanger: Founder of Modern Society, unknown date. 62. Richard Restak, “The ‘Inner Child’, the ‘True Self’ and the Wacky Map of Eupsychia,” The Washington Times, 18 Aug. 2002. 29. Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (Free Press, New York, 1994). 63. The President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, report, “Achieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America,” 22 30. Geoffrey Cowley, “A Confederacy of Dunces”, a review of Herrnstein’s July 2003, p. 11. article in the Atlantic Monthly, Newsweek, 22 May 1989, p. 80. 64. “Profiles of Student Life,” Education Reporter, Number 168, Jan. 2000. 31. Prof. Max Von Gruber, Docent Dr. Ernst Rüdin, Fortpflanzung, Vererbung TM und Rassenhygiene, Munich 1911, p. 163. 65. The Columbia TeenScreen State-One Health Survey, 11 Sept. 2001. 32. Robert N. Proctor, Racial Hygiene, Medicine Under the Nazis (Harvard 66. DISC Predictive Scales, www.pathnow.org. University Press, 1988), p. 178. 67. Joseph Glenmullen, M.D., Prozac Backlash (Simon & Schuster, NY, 2000), 33. Ibid., p. 52. p. 206. 34. Translated by George R. Fraser in Müller-Hill, Murderous Science, p. 12. 68. Op. cit., Beverley Eakman, p. vii. 35. Op. cit., Robert N. Proctor, p. 96. 69. Beverley Eakman, “Stop Legitimizing Disorders; Cut Mental Health Industry Out of Schools,” The Washington Times, 10 May 2002. 36. Dr. Thomas Röder, Volker Kubillus, Toby Burwell, Psychiatrists: The Men Behind Hitler (Freedom Publishers, CA, 1995), p. 94, translated document of Dr. 70. Evidence by Fred Shaw Jr., to CCHR Commission Hearing into Psychiatric Ernst Rüdin. Labeling and Drugging of Children, Los Angeles, Nov. 1997.