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Best Practice Guide to Cable Ladder and Cable Tray Systems
Best Practice Guide to Cable Ladder and Cable Tray Systems Channel Support Systems and other Associated Supports November 2012 BEAMA Best Practice Guide to Cable Ladder and Cable Tray Systems Including Channel Support Systems and other Associated Supports Companies involved in the preparation of this Guide Contents INTRODUCTION 5 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 6 1. Packing Handling and Storage 8 1.1 General Packing and Handling 8 1.2 Loading and offloading recommendations 9 1.3 Storage 11 2A. Installation of the system 12 2.1 Common tools for Installation 12 2.2 Structural characteristics 12 2.3 Support Systems 18 2.4 Straight cable ladder and cable tray lengths 29 2.5 Coupler types (refer to manufacturer’s literature) 32 2.6 Fixings 36 2.7 Fittings 36 2.8 Accessories 39 2.9 Site modification 39 2.10 Earth protection and EMC 40 2B. Installation of Cable 41 2.11 Preparation 41 2.12 Wiring Regulations 41 2.13 Power Cables 41 2.14 Data Cables 46 2.15 Expansion 46 2.16 Electro Mechanical Effects 46 3. Environment 48 3.1 Selecting the right material and finish 48 3.2 Finishes 56 3.3 Non-Metallic systems 61 3.4 Loadings 63 3.5 Temperature 65 4. Health & Safety 67 5. Maintenance 68 5.1 Inspection 68 5.2 Removal of cables 68 5.3 On site repairs 68 6. Sustainability 69 6.1 Sustainable development 69 6.2 REACH regulations 69 6.3 The management of WEEE and RoHS 69 6.4 Environmental footprint 70 7. Applicable Standards 71 Companies involved in the preparation of this Guide 72 FIGURES Figure 1: Methods of removal 9 Figure 2: Loaded beams 13 Figure -
2020 National Electrical Code® Style Manual
2020 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE® STYLE MANUAL 1 FOREWORD August 2020 The National Electrical Code® is used nationally and internationally as the basis for safeguarding persons, buildings, and their contents from hazards arising from the use of electricity. It is vitally important that the text be as explicit as possible, and that maximum consistency be achieved in the language used in the text. The Code contains those provisions considered necessary for safety and thus is widely used as a basis for legal enforcement in the installation of electrical conductors and equipment in buildings and certain other premises (as detailed in the Code itself); this places a major responsibility on those involved in the preparation of document text to use forms of expression that promote uniform interpretation. The National Electrical Code Correlating Committee has recognized these responsibilities and has issued this manual. Preparation and Date of Adoption. This manual was originally prepared by the Editorial Task Group of the National Electrical Code Committee and adopted by the National Electrical Code Correlating Committee on May 13, 1969. It was amended September 22, 1975, October 11, 1984, October 12, 1989, and May 9, 1994. In January 1999, the Correlating Committee Task Group on the Usability of the NEC rewrote the manual. It was adopted by the National Electrical Code Correlating Committee on March 19, 1999 and by the Standards Council on April 15, 1999. It was amended March 1, 2001, January 15, 2003, and August 9, 2011, August 2015, and December 2020. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ........................................................................................................ 2 Chapter 1 General 4 1.1 Purpose ............................................................................................ -
W-Series Junction Boxes
208-209.qxp 7/22/2010 2:58 PM Page 209 W-Series Junction Boxes Application and Selection Applications: Considerations for Options and Accessories: Junction boxes, designed for hazardous Selection: A wide variety of options and accessories and non-hazardous locations, are used in a • Environmental location – the physical for special application are available for the variety of industries to perform the location of the junction box will call for various junction box families. These can following functions: proper construction of the box to meet be selected once the type of junction box has been determined. These options are W-Series • As a pull box National Electrical Code requirements and will affect the material and finish shown on the individual pages. Some of Boxes • To provide enclosures for splices and needed to meet weather and corrosive the options available include: taps conditions, if present. • Special covers • As a mounting box for multi-device • Number and size of conductors – • Hinged covers control stations combined with the function to be performed (i.e., splicing, pull box), • Materials and finishes • For housing apparatus, instruments, and determines the amount of space other devices needed, and therefore, the required • Equipment mounting plates physical dimensions of the box. • Conduit or device openings • Conduit layout – determines the number, • Corro-free™ epoxy powder coat – size, and location of the conduit information available on request openings in the box. It will also determine the type of mounting required (i.e., flush or surface positioning of the box). • Flexibility required – if changes in the electrical system are anticipated, the box chosen should be easily adaptable, either by construction or size to the future system. -
Guidance Notes on Recommended Specifications of Junction Box and Cable Tray for Offshore Application
Guidance Notes on Recommended Specifications of Junction Box and Cable Tray for Offshore Application GUIDANCE NOTES ON RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATIONS OF JUNCTION BOX AND CABLE TRAY FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATION FEBRUARY 2018 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 2018 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved. ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive Houston, TX 77060 USA Foreword Foreword These Guidance Notes provide ABS recommendations for the design and construction of cable trays and junction boxes. These Guidance Notes are applicable to fixed and floating offshore structures as well as drilling units. These Guidance Notes provide recommendations and best practices for standard specifications of certain electrical and instrumentation components thus improving cost efficiency (i.e., design man-hours, operation and maintenance costs), and increasing predictability of operation without compromising quality and safety in offshore structures and units. The recommendations in these Guidance Notes are based on industrial experiences, project experience, shipyard practices, manufacturer’s data sheets, national regulations, international standards, and ABS Rules. These Guidance Notes become effective on the first day of the month of publication. Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of these Guidance Notes is the most current. We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions can be sent electronically by email to [email protected]. Terms of Use The information presented herein is intended solely to assist the reader in the methodologies and/or techniques discussed. These Guidance Notes do not and cannot replace the analysis and/or advice of a qualified professional. -
Fire Protection Guide for Electrical Installations
Fire protection guide for electrical installations Building Connections Table of contents In the second edition of this fire protection guide, we have again compiled lots of useful information. The in- terconnections of fire protection between different types of technical building equipment are now ex- plained in even more detail. Perhaps you will find some new information in this edition which can help you in the planning and implementation of fire protec- tion systems. BSS Brandschutzleitfaden für die Elektroinstallation / en / 2019/03/22 08:28:10 08:28:10 (LLExport_04692) / 2019/03/22 08:28:13 2 Table of contents Fire protection guide for electrical installations Table of contents 1 General introduction 7 1.1 Construction law 12 1.2 The four pillars of fire protection 18 1.3 Construction products 26 1.4 Fire protection concepts 32 2 Maintenance of the fire sections – protection aim 1 36 2.1 Components closing rooms – firewalls 36 2.2 Requirements for cable penetrations - insulation 36 2.3 Proofs of usability 39 2.4 Construction types of cable and combination insulation 42 2.5 Applications and special applications 52 2.6 Selection aid and OBO Construct BSS 60 2.7 Building in old buildings 62 2.8 Cable bandages 65 3 Protection of escape routes – protection aim 2 75 3.1 What is an escape and rescue route? 75 3.2 Installations in lightweight partitions 78 3.3 Installation in false ceilings 80 3.4 Installations in underfloor systems 91 3.5 Shielding with plate material 93 3.6 Cable routing in fire protection ducts 94 4 Maintaining the electrical -
90 INTRODUCTION to the National Electrical Code
ARTICLE INTRODUCTION TO THE 90 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE Introduction to Article 90—Introduction to the National Electrical Code Many NEC violations and misunderstandings wouldn’t occur if people doing the work simply understood Article 90. For exam- ple, many people see Code requirements as performance standards. In fact, the NEC requirements are bare minimums for safety. This is exactly the stance electrical inspectors, insurance companies, and courts take when making a decision regard- ing electrical design or installation. Article 90 opens by saying the NEC isn’t intended as a design specification or instruction manual. The National Electrical Code has one purpose only, and that’s the “practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity.” The necessity of carefully studying the NEC rules can’t be overemphasized, and the role of textbooks such as this one is to help in that undertaking. Understanding where to find the rules in theCode that apply to the installation is invaluable. Rules in several different articles often apply to even a simple installation. Article 90 then describes the scope and arrangement of the NEC. The balance of this article provides the reader with informa- tion essential to understanding the Code rules. Typically, electrical work requires you to understand the first four chapters of theNEC which apply generally, plus have a working knowledge of the Chapter 9 tables. That understanding begins with Article 90. Chapters 5, 6, and 7 make up a large portion of the Code, but they apply to special occupancies, special equipment, or other special conditions. -
Answer the Purpose: 4
Page 26 1. CONDUCTORS Conductors are defined as materials that easily allow the flow of _________. Metals are _______ conductors while insulators are ______ . The 2 common metals used for conductors in the electrical trade are: ___________ and ______________. Aluminium has become more prevalent for larger C.S.A. conductors as it is cheaper and lighter but more brittle than copper. Current/ Copper/ Aluminium Thermoplastic-sheathed cable (TPS) consists of an outer toughened sheath of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (the thermoplastic element) covering one or more individual cables which are PVC insulated annealed copper conductors. It is a commonly used type of wiring for residential and light commercial construction in many countries. The flat version of the cable with two insulated conductors and an uninsulated earth conductor all within the outer sheath is referred to as twin and earth. In mainland Europe, a round equivalent is more common. Flat cables (or festoon cables) are made in PVC and Neoprene and are used as trailing cables for cranes, open filed conveyors and shelve service devices. Flat cables offer the advantages of extremely small bending radius’s, high flexibility and minimum wastage of space. Thermoplastic-sheathed cable (TPS) consists of an outer toughened sheath of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (the thermoplastic element) covering one or more individual cables which are PVC insulated annealed copper conductors. It is a commonly used type of wiring for residential and light commercial construction in many countries. The flat version of the cable with two insulated conductors and an uninsulated earth conductor all within the outer sheath is referred to as twin and earth. -
Installation
S&C Circuit-Switchers — Mark VI Installed on S&C Mounting Pedestals—84- through 102-inch Phase Spacing Outdoor Transmission (69 kV through 138 kV) Installation Table of Contents Section Page Section Page Introduction Wiring and Adjusting the Switch Operator Qualified Persons . 2 Before Starting . 31 Read this Instruction Sheet . 2 Connecting Control Power and Retain this Instruction Sheet . 2 User-Furnished Control Circuits . 32 Proper Application . 2 Using the Manual Operating Handle . 34 Warranty . 2 Using the Decoupling Selector Handle . 35 Adjusting the Switch Operator . 37 Safety Information Understanding Safety-Alert Messages . 3 Terminal Pads and Conductor Connections Following Safety Instructions . 3 Installing the Terminal Pad . 49 Replacement Instructions and Labels . 3 Circuit-Switcher Start-Up and Check-Out Location of Safety Labels . 4 Start-Up . 51 Safety Precautions . 5 Check-Out . 54 Inspection and Packing Indicators Inspection . 6 Understanding the Interrupter Indicators . 55 Packing . 6 Understanding the Gas-Pressure Gauge . 56 Storage . 6 Understanding the Optional Remote Gas-Density Indicator . 58 Installation Before Starting . 7 Installing the Mounting Pedestals and Support Structure . 8 Installing the Gearbox . 11 Installing the Disconnect Pole-Units . 12 Installing the Interrupters . 13 Checking Operation of Disconnect . 18 Installing the Drive Train . 20 Installing the Mark VI CS-1A Switch Operator . 22 Installing the Interrupter Charging Motors . 25 Installing the Conduit Assembly . 27 Wiring the Interrupters and Charging Motors . 28 June 11, 2012© S&C Electric Company Instruction Sheet 712-503 Introduction Qualified Persons Ç WARNING The equipment covered by this publication must be installed, operated, and main- tained by qualified persons who are knowledgeable in the installation, operation, and maintenance of overhead electric power transmission and distribution equip- ment along with associated hazards. -
Cable Tray SHIB.FINAL.Pmd
U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration Directorate of Technical Support & Emergency Management Office of Technical Programs and Coordination Activities Safely Installing, Maintaining and Inspecting Cable Trays Safety and Health Information Bulletin SHIB 01-16-2008 Purpose This Safety and Health Information Bulletin (SHIB) is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new The purpose of this Safety and Health Information legal obligations. The Bulletin is advisory in nature, Bulletin is to: informational in content, and is intended to assist • Review the proper methods for safely employers in providing a safe and healthful installing, maintaining and inspecting electrical workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act cable trays; requires employers to comply with safety and health • Provide information regarding the hazards of standards promulgated by OSHA or by a state with overloaded cable trays; an OSHA-approved state plan. In addition, pursuant • Identify specific Occupational Safety and to Section 5(a)(1), the General Duty Clause of the Health Administration (OSHA) regulatory Act, employers must provide their employees with a requirements and National Electrical Code® workplace free from recognized hazards likely to (NEC) guidance that address the proper cause death or serious physical harm. Employers can installation and maintenance of cable trays; be cited for violating the General Duty Clause if there • Recognize electrical cable tray misuse that is a recognized hazard and they do not take can lead to electric shock and arc-flash/blast reasonable steps to prevent or abate the hazard. events and fires caused by overheating. However, failure to implement any recommendations in this SHIB is not, in itself, a violation of the General OSHA Regulations and Industry Consensus Duty Clause. -
3. the Electrical Cabinet
V1.0- 9.01.2015 Page 1 of 68 Preface, Our long experience enables us to offer our customers integrated high-tech devices, from in- house development, manufactured in recognised industrial conditions and reaching the top quality for installers and end users. With standalone and modular concepts we are able to offer maximum flexibility for field applications. These innovative products are developed and manufactured to the highest level achieving an excellent level of quality. The following guide lines which include real world examples as illustrations aim to benefit planners, installers and commissioning engineers, the theme is to provide an approach to diagnostics and troubleshooting of devices housed within and around a technical cabinet. Modern devices are based on advanced electronics technologies, with this the accuracy is higher and the measurement faster than in previous generations. This greater precision and accuracy requires an environment with the same attention to detail. In the field more often these devices are mounted together with Frequency Converters (FC), Power switched mode power supply elements, commonly used for better and more accurate pumps management and ventilation systems, however due to the way these devices function they can affect other devices by propagating Electromagnetic distortion waves or electromagnetic interference (EMI) which disturbs many electronic systems, irrespective of the colour of the box or the label or mark stamped on the bottom. This booklet is the fruit of the collected experience over recent years from many staff. It is the result of knowledge exchanged and transferred, applied and implemented, we hope it will bring support for field engineers, planners, programmers, project managers, technicians and all people getting in touch with this area. -
2011 National Electrical Code Amendments
541 DeKalb Avenue Sycamore, IL 60178 Building (815) 895-4434 Building & Engineering Department Engineering (815) 895-4557 Fax (815) 895-7572 2011 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE AMENDMENTS The 2011 National Electrical Code (NEC), adopted in Section 9-4-1, Subsection A of the Sycamore City Code as the electrical code of the City, is amended and revised in the following respects: 1. Service Equipment – Disconnecting Means: Means shall be provided to disconnect all conductors in a building from the service entrance conductors. The service disconnecting means shall be installed at a readily accessible location either outside the building or inside the building nearest the point of entrance of the service conductors. The maximum distance from the point of entrance of service conductors to a readily accessible service disconnecting means shall be six (6) feet. 2. All residential, commercial and industrial electrical services shall be installed with rigid metal conduit (RMC) or intermediate metal conduit (IMC). PVC and service entrance cable is not allowed. Electrical metallic tubing (EMT) is permitted between the meter enclosure and the electrical panel only if compression fittings are used and provided the EMT exits the back of the meter enclosure and is not exposed to weather. 3. When additional grounding is required for hot tubs, spas or similar equipment, the grounding conductor is allowed to be located at the cold water pipe of that piece of equipment provided the ground clamp is accessible. If the ground clamp is not accessible, a minimum #8 insulated copper conductor shall be run from the motor or pump back to the electrical panel. -
Technical Information Handbook Wire and Cable
Technical Information Handbook Wire and Cable Fifth Edition Copyright © 2018 Trademarks and Reference Information The following registered trademarks appear in this handbook: Information in this handbook has been drawn from many Alumel® is a registered trademark of Concept Alloys, LLC publications of the leading wire and cable companies in the industry and authoritative sources in their latest available Chromel® is a registered trademark of Concept Alloys, LLC editions. Some of these include: Copperweld® is a registered trademark of Copperweld Steel Company CSA® is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association • American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) CCW® is a registered trademark of General Cable Corporation • Canadian Standards Association (CSA) ® DataTwist is a registered trademark of Belden • Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Duofoil® is a registered trademark of Belden Flamarrest® is a registered trademark of Belden • Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) Halar® is a registered trademark of Solvay Solexis • International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Hypalon® is a registered trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company • National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Hypot® is a registered trademark of Associated Research, Inc. • National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) IBM® is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation Kapton® is a registered trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company • Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC) Kevlar® is a registered trademark of E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company • Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) ® K FIBER is a registered trademark of General Cable Corporation • Underwriters Laboratories (UL). Kynar® is a registered trademark of Arkema, Inc. Loc-Trac® is a registered trademark of Alpha Wire Note: National Electrical Code (NEC) is a registered trademark of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA.