Social Demography of Nepal Social Demography of Nepal CENSUS 2001 Harka Gurung First published, 2003 Second printing, 2005 © Harka Gurung ISBN 99933 43 55 2 Himal Books PO Box 166, Patan Dhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal Tel: +977-1-5542544/5548142 • Fax: +977-1-5541196 email:
[email protected] www.himalassociation.org/books (Himal Books is the publishing wing of the not-for-profit Himal Association.) Printed in Nepal CONTENTS PUBLISHER’S NOTE vii I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. CASTE AND ETHNIC GROUPS 3 III. LINGUISTIC GROUPS 11 IV. CASTE/ETHNICITY AND LANGUAGE 15 V. RELIGIOUS GROUPS 19 VI. CASTE/ETHNICITY AND RELIGION 22 VII. LITERACY LEVEL 26 VIII. JANAJATI AND DALIT SCHEDULES 28 IX. OVERVIEW 34 SELECT REFERENCES 59 Tables 1. Number of caste/ethnic groups 4 2. Population cohort of caste/ethnic groups 4 3. Most numerous caste/ethnic groups 5 4. Population change by native area, 1991-2001 6 5. Population change by social group 8 6. Population cohort by mother tongue 12 7. Large populations in terms of mother tongue 13 8. Population increase by language family 14 9. Trend in mother-tongue retention, 1991-2001 16 10. Population by religion 20 11. Population difference between ethnicity and religion 23 12. Literacy cohort by caste/ethnicity 27 13. Janajati schedule 29 14. Schedule of Dalit castes 32 15. Dalit population, 2001 33 vi Figures 1. Caste/ethnic groups 9 2. Population increase by native area, 1991-2001 9 3. Population increase by social group, 1991-2001 10 4. Social composition by geographic origin, 2001 10 5. Caste/ethnic composition, 2001 10 6.