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Regional Oral History Office University of California the Bancroft Library Berkeley, California Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California Albert S. Dutra, Jr.: An Oral History Interviews conducted by Don Warrin in 2014 Copyright © 2014 by The Regents of the University of California ii Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the nation. Oral History is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well-informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The tape recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is bound with photographs and illustrative materials and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. ********************************* All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Albert S. Dutra dated September 11, 2014. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley. Excerpts up to 1000 words from this interview may be quoted for publication without seeking permission as long as the use is non-commercial and properly cited. Requests for permission to quote for publication should be addressed to The Bancroft Library, Head of Public Services, Mail Code 6000, University of California, Berkeley, 94720-6000, and should follow instructions available online at http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ROHO/collections/cite.html It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Albert S. Dutra “Albert S. Dutra: An Oral History” conducted by Don Warrin in 2014, Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley, 2014. iii Albert Dutra iv Albert S. Dutra Introduction by Don Warrin This interview with Al Dutra was conducted in two sessions in January, 2014. He begins by discussing his Azorean roots and the family’s later settlement in New Bedford, Massachusetts. We learn of his childhood spent there and then the move to the Bay Area. Al discusses his education through college, his service in the Air Force and his career at IBM. Soon after retiring he became increasingly engaged in the local Portuguese community, leading tours with his wife Ginny to the Azores, and taking an active role in several local Portuguese organizations. Particular detail is given to the many books published by Portuguese Heritage Publications of San Jose. v Table of Contents—Albert S. Dutra Interview 1: January 22, 2014 Audio File 1 1 He discusses his Azorean roots, his parents and grandparents—The family’s settling in New Bedford—Growing up in a mill town—Witnessing a matança— Family move to California to live with relatives—Father’s work at Kaiser Shipyards Audio File 2 18 Schooling in California vs. New Bedford—Contacts with the greater Portuguese community—High school and university experiences—ROTC—Interest in sports—Boxing for UC Berkeley—Service in the Air Force in the 1950s— Meeting Ginny and marriage—To work as marketing rep at IBM—IBM’s evolution from mainframe to desktop—Role of Bill Gates in designing PC operating system—1981 trip to Portugal—Establishment of tours to the Azores Interview 2: January 29, 2014 Audio File 3 37 Ginny as travel agent—Visit to the Azores after 1981 earthquake—Since 1982 over 70 tours conducted by the two—Reconnection with the Portuguese community after retirement—San Jose: POSSO, Portuguese Chamber of Commerce, Portuguese Heritage Society of California, Portuguese Historical Museum, San Jose State University—Luso-American Education Foundation and the Dia de Portugal—Discussion of post-Capelinhos and renewed immigration— Portuguese Heritage Publications and its various publications Audio File 4 56 Leaders of Portuguese Heritage Publications—Publication categories and products—Madeira Exiles—Immigrant oral history project—The idea of “going back” 1 Interview #1 January 22, 2014 [Audio File 1] 01-00:00:00 Warrin: So this is January 22nd. We’re in the home of Al Dutra in Mountain View, and this is Don Warrin, and we’re ready to start our interview. Al, could you give me your full name? 01-00:00:21 Dutra: Sure. My name is Albert Silveira Dutra, Jr. 01-00:00:28 Warrin: And where were you born? 01-00:00:30 Dutra: I was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts. 01-00:00:32 Warrin: And when? 01-00:00:34 Dutra: When was April 5th, 1931. 01-00:00:39 Warrin: And your parents were? 01-00:00:43 Dutra: My parents were Albert Silvia Dutra and Alzira, the Portuguese name for Elsie, Alzira Fernandes Dutra. 01-00:00:57 Warrin: And what about their parents? Can you go back a little bit? 01-00:01:00 Dutra: Sure. Sure, I can do that. On the paternal side, my grandfather was José Silveira Dutra, and he was born in Feteira Faial in 1865. His wife, who he married in United States, was Angelica Da Glória, and the last name was Alves. And she was born in Lajes do Pico in the Azores. 01-00:01:49 Warrin: So they were from the western Azores, from Faial and— 01-00:01:54 Dutra: That’s right. I call them the central group. 01-00:01:59 Warrin: That’s right. And any other relatives you want to mention and—? 01-00:02:06 Dutra: Well, on my mother’s side, my grandfather was Manuel Fernandez Teixeira, and he was born in Terceira, the island of Terceira. And his wife, who he 2 married in Terceira, was Maria da Conceição Marques, M-A-R-Q-U-E-S, Marques. And she was born in 1886, and he was born in 1884. 01-00:02:43 Warrin: And what was his occupation? 01-00:02:45 Dutra: When he came to the United States, he started to work in one of the factories in the New Bedford area, a shoemaking kind of factory, and then he gradually opened a store of his own, a shoe repair shop, that was then his way of making a living throughout the rest of his life. 01-00:03:10 Warrin: So then who exactly emigrated to this country? Which of your family? 01-00:03:17 Dutra: Okay. The emigration pattern was such that, again, on my father’s side it was my grandfather. He emigrated to New Bedford, and my paternal grandmother, she also emigrated to New Bedford separately. She was fourteen years old when she emigrated, so— 01-00:03:44 Warrin: Did she come by herself? 01-00:03:46 Dutra: That’s my understanding, but she definitely had relatives in New Bedford at the time. 01-00:03:53 Warrin: So she came and probably started to work right away. 01-00:03:56 Dutra: Yes, she did; and then got married just two years later, she and my grandfather. So she got married at the age of sixteen. 01-00:04:07 Warrin: Was she working at a textile factory there? 01-00:04:10 Dutra: I assume so. I don’t know that for sure, but I assume that was the case. Once they got married, they started their family pretty much immediately. And so when she passed away during the Spanish flu in 1918, at that time they had sixteen children. 01-00:04:38 Warrin: Sixteen children. 01-00:04:39 Dutra: Sixteen children. 01-00:04:40 Warrin: And how old was she when she died? 3 01-00:04:43 Dutra: Well, she was forty-seven when she died, so they must’ve just had the children almost annually. The children were twelve girls and four boys, and the boys were intermixed among the girls. The oldest was a girl, and my dad was the youngest of the boys, and he had two younger sisters in the family. 01-00:05:16 Warrin: And what happened after their mother died there? Some of them were probably still young. 01-00:05:23 Dutra: Very young. Yeah, that was really the case. What my grandfather did is a number of my aunts were already adults. They were already working in the textile industry as just regular employees, and my grandfather decided that he would build a house for the younger members of the family, and the single daughters that were still around, and so he did that. He started to build a house with some help from some of my dad’s brothers. My dad being ten at the time, he and his two sisters went into an orphanage for a short period of time, because my grandfather was unable to put the children in the other family members’ homes. And so that was a vivid memory for my dad of being in the orphanage for a period of time, and that was probably a year or so. 01-00:06:33 Warrin: How old would he have been? 01-00:06:36 Dutra: He would’ve been, I think it was about ten at that time. Yes, he was about ten at that time, and his sisters were somewhat younger than he.
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