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(Al-Muntakhab Al-Husämi) Analytical Study and Edition Al Muntakhabfi 'Usül al-Madhhab Also known as (Al-Muntakhab al-Husämi) By Muhammadbin Muhammadbin `Umar, Husäm al-Din, al-Akhsikathi (d. 644H/1247AD) Analytical study and edition AhmadMN Abbas Submittedto theUniversity of Walesin fulfilment of the requirementsfor the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wales, Lampeter 2001 Dedication This work is dedicatedto: My parents, My wife, My brothers, sistersand children Acknowledgement All my appreciationand thanks are to almighty Allah first of all. Then I wish to express my sincere appreciation and thanks to my supervisor Dr. Mawil Izzi Dien for his constant guidance, patience and encouragement during the writing of this thesis. My appreciationand thanks also to Dr. `Ajil J. Al Nashmi for his guidanceand assistance by his kind advice and valuable sources. My thanks are also due to Dr. Iiasan Haitü, Dr. Fawzi Faidullah, Dr. Khälid al- Madhkür, Dr. `Abdulrahmn al-Awadi, Dr. Abdellatif Sellami and Dr. Ahmad al-Gendi. Specialthanks to the very helpful colleaguesDr. Eýäm al-Gha ib, Dr. Yüsuf al-Sharräh, Dr. MuhammadShäf andMuhammad Näýir for their guidanceand sources. I would like to thank Dr. Ahmad Abi-Talib, Dr. `Abdulla al-Ma`tüq, Dr. Salim al- Shammari,Mr. Danial, Nüri a1-Naýeeband Dr. Ahmad al-Sharnoubi. I thank also the secretariesof the department,Mrs. Marlien Ablet and Ms. Jayne Chaplin for their kind help. I would like to expressmy thanksto the King FaisalCenter for Researchand Islamic Studies,King Saud University Library, King Fahd National Library, King `Abdul`aziz Ayatullah University Library, al-`Uzmä al-Mar`ashi al-Najafi Library and Islamic Organization for Medical Sciences for their assistance in obtaining copies of manuscripts. 3 Declaration I-This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed: Date: ? 2-This thesis is the result of my own investigation, except where otherwisestated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed: Date: 3-I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available forphotocopying and forinter -library loans afterexpiry of a bar on access approved by theUniversity of Wales on the special recommendation of the University concerned. Signed: Date: 4 Table of contents DEDICATION 2 ....................................................................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3 ......................................................................................................... DECLARATION 4 .................................................................................................................... TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 .......................................................................................................... TRANSLITERATION 9 ............................................................................................................. ABSTRACT 10 ........................................................................................................................ MY METHODOLOGY 11 .......................................................................................................... PART I 16 .............................................................................................................................. LITERATURE REVIEW 16 ....................................................................................................... 1.1 Introduction 16 ........................................................................................................... 1.2 Defining the term 'Usül 19 al-Fiqh ............................................................................ 1.2.1Defining 1'igh (jurisprudence) 19 ........................................................................ 1.2.2Defining 'UIü1(principles) 20 ............................................................................ 1.2.3Extending the 21 meaning of'UUül .................................................................... 1.2.4Explaining the definition 22 ................................................................................ 1.3The value ' Uýül 24 of al-Figh.................................................................................... 1.3.1A basis for the deduction injunctions 24 of ........................................................ 1.3.2A for the jurist 25 measurement .......................................................................... 1.3.3A basis for Takhrij (inference) 25 ....................................................................... 1.3.4For 27 comparing schools................................................................................... 1.3.5To Islamic knowledge 27 safeguardproper ........................................................ 1.3.6To 28 supportother sciences............................. ... ... .... ..... ..... .. ...... ...... .. .. ....... 1.3.7As key to Ijtihäd 29 a ....................................... ................................................... 1.4Growth 'U'ül 30 andevolution of al-Figh................................................................. 1.4.1The the ProphetMuhammad [p. b. h.] 30 periodof u. ........................................... 1.4.2The period of the Companions 31 ............................... .... ................................... 1.4.3 The period of the Täbi `ün 34 ................................ ............................................. 1.4.4The period after the Täbi `r n 35 ......................................................................... 1.4.5 The period of codification 37 ............................................................................. 1.4.6Western point of view 38 ................................................................................... S Muslim in ' Usül 40 1.5 scholars' methods researching al-Figh ...................................... 1.5.1 The Mutakallimün's 40 method .......................................................................... 1.5.2 Jurists' 41 method ............................................................................................... 1.5.3 Combination 41 of the two methods ................................................................... ' Ucui 43 1.6 The scholarswho contributed most to al-Figh ............................................ 1.6.1Following Mutakallimün 43 the method of the ................................................... 1.6.2Following Hanaff (jurists) 44 the method of the school ..................................... 1.6.3Both 45 methods................................................................................................. 1.7 Abt Hanifa the IHanafi 47 the eponym of school....................................................... 1.7.1His 47 name......................................................................................................... 1.7.2 Generation 47 ...................................................................................................... 1.7.3 Characteristics 48 ................................................................................................ 1.7.4Positions 48 ......................................................................................................... 1.7.5His books 49 ........................................................................................................ 1.7.6His death 49 ......................................................................................................... 1.8 Conclusion 50 ............................................................................................................. CHAPTERTWO 51 ................................................................................................................. 2.1 Introduction 51 ........................................................................................................... 2.2 Author's 52 name ....................................................................................................... 2.3 Examination 52 of the name....................................................................................... 2.4 Birth 55 and growth of author .................................................................................... 2.5 Quest for knowledge 57 ............................................................................................. 2.6 His death 58 ................................................................................................................ 2.7 Author's homeland 59 ................................................................................................ 2.7.1 The impact location the Akhsicath 59 of the geographic and city of ................. 2.7.2 The location 60 value of the geographic ............................................................. 2.7.3 The in 62 political, economic, social and scholasticactivity the region ............. 2.7.4 Political 62 aspects.............................................................................................. 2.7.5 The 70 economic situation .................................................................................. 2.7.6 The 72 social situation ........................................................................................ 2.7.7 The 80 scholasticand cultural situation .............................................................. 2.7.8 The effects of intellectual development 83 and cultural ..................................... 6 2.7.9 The political, economic,
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