Irbid Karak Ajloun Jarash ela Balqa ^ Amman Zarqa Madaba Amman Ma'an Karak Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators ORC Macro Calverton, Maryland USA September 2004 37156 Jor Cov.p65 1 9/22/04, 2:57 PM Prepared by Melissa Neuman, ORC Macro Produced in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, Jordan This report summarizes the findings of the 2002 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS) carried out by the Department of Statistics (DOS). ORC Macro provided technical assis- tance and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) provided financial support. The JPFHS is part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys Program, which is designed to collect data on fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health. Additional information about the Jordan survey may be obtained from the Department of Statistics, P.O. Box 2015, Amman 11181, Jordan (telephone: (962) 6-5-300-700; fax: (962) 6-5-300-710; e-mail: [email protected]; internet: www.dos.gov.jo). Additional information about the MEASURE DHS+ project may be obtained from ORC Macro, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300, Calverton, MD 20705 (telephone: 301-572-0200; fax: 301-572-0999; e-mail: [email protected]; internet: www.measuredhs.com). 37156 Jor Cov.p65 2 9/22/04, 2:57 PM Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 3 Geographic Information II. Characteristics of Households ........................................................................................................ 7 Water and Sanitation Household Assets III. Characteristics of Women ............................................................................................................ 13 Education and Employment Media Exposure IV. Family Planning, Maternal and Child Health, and Child Mortality ............................................. 19 Contraception Antenatal Care and Place of Delivery Infant and Child Mortality Childhood Vaccinations 2 Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators I. Introduction The 2002 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS) in Jordan collected social, behavioral, and health data on Jordanian households and on ever-married Jordanian women aged 15-49. The household questionnaire was administered to approximately 7,800 households, and collected information on housing conditions and socio-economic status. The women’s question- naire collected information from approximately 6,000 women on their employment and educa- tional background, their spouse’s background, and data related to fertility and reproduction; pregnancy and associated care; knowledge of HIV/AIDS; and child feeding practices, health, and mortality. Anthropometry and anemia data were also collected from women and children in all households. This atlas presents maps of a selection of indicators from the 2002 JPFHS survey, including household characteristics (household water source, availability of toilet facilities; household possessions); background characteristics of women (education, employment, and media exposure); pregnancy and delivery care; and indicators of child health, including early childhood mortality and vaccination rates. Geographic Information The JPFHS sampling strategy was designed to produce reliable estimates of key indicators for three governorates – Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa – as well as three regions comprised of four governorates each. In this atlas, estimates for Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa are mapped together with estimates for the combined governorates of Balqa and Madaba in central Jordan; Mafraq, Jarash, and Ajloun in northern Jordan; and Karak, Tafiela, Ma’an, and Aqaba in southern Jordan. (See figure I-1.) Additional tabulations or figures showing indicators by region for urban and rural populations also included for selected indicators. For reference purposes, figure I-2 shows the distribution of urban population in Jordan. Amman and Zarqa are the most urbanized areas in Jordan, while the northern area (Mafraq/Jarash/Ajloun) and southern area (Karak/Tafiela/Ma’an/Aqaba) are less urban. Figures ♦ Figure I-1. Governorates, Regions, and Mapped Regions Figure I-1 maps Jordan’s governorates, the regions tabulated in the general JPFHS report, and the subregions mapped in this publication. ♦ Figure I-2. Regional Distribution of Urban Population Figure I-2 illustrates the regional distribution of urban population in Jordan. (All household members; n=46,755) Introduction 3 Figure I-1. Governorates, JPFHS Regions, and Mapped Regions, Jordan, 2002 ¹ Lebanon Syria Iraq Irbid Ajloun Mafraq West Jarash Bank Balqa ^ Amman Zarqa Madaba Amman Karak Tafiela Israel Ma'an Aqaba Saudi Arabia JPFHS region North Central 7537.5 0 75 km South 4 Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators 37156 Jordan.p65 4 9/22/04, 4:10 PM Figure I-2. Regional Distribution of Urban Population, Jordan, 2002 ¹ Lebanon Syria Iraq Irbid Ajloun Mafraq West Jarash Bank Balqa Zarqa Madaba Amman Karak Tafiela Israel Ma'an Aqaba Saudi Arabia Urban population Less than 60% 60 - 80% 75 37.50 75 km 80 - 100% Introduction 5 37156 Jordan.p65 5 9/22/04, 4:45 PM 6 Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators II. Characteristics of Households The JPFHS household questionnaire collected information on housing condition and presence of durable goods in the household. Three background indicators were mapped to illustrate regional and urban-rural differences in housing and household assets. A summary of these differences is below, followed by descriptions of the relevant figures. Water and Sanitation Most housing units have water piped into the dwelling itself, which is the safest and most convenient water system. However, this differs by region, with households in the southern region (Karak/Tafiela/Ma’an/Aqaba) more likely to have indoor piped water systems than households in the central or northern areas. (See figure II-1.) Urban-rural differences in water source are pronounced in northern and central Jordan, especially in the governorate of Irbid (77.97 percent of urban households with piped water v. 61.23 percent of rural households). (See table II-1.) Most housing units also have flush toilets located in dwelling. Urban-rural differences are apparent, however, with in-dwelling traditional toilets more common in the southern region than in northern and central Jordan, and more common in rural than in urban areas. Very few households (less than 2 percent in all regions) share facilities with other households or lack access to a toilet facility. (See figure II-2 and table II-2.) Household Assets Nearly all households surveyed in all areas have electrical service and a television set, with little regional or urban-rural difference. Most households also have a refrigerator, though this differs somewhat by region: households in the southern region and in the northern governorates of Mafraq, Jarash, and Ajloun are somewhat less likely to have refrigerators than households in other areas of the country. (See figure II-3.) Radios and telephones are somewhat less common in households, particularly in southern Jordan and the northern governorates of Mafraq, Jarash, and Ajloun. Private automobiles are relatively uncommon, with only about 2 in 5 households owning a private vehicle in the country as a whole. Households in Amman are most likely to have an automobile, while households in Mafraq, Jarash, and Ajloun are least likely. (See figure II-3) Figures and Tables ♦ Figure II-1. Percent Households With Water Piped into Dwelling (All households; n=7,825) Characteristics of Households 7 37156 Jordan.p65 7 9/22/04, 4:10 PM ♦ Table II-1. Urban-Rural Differences in Water Piped into Dwelling (All households; n=7,825) ♦ Figure II-2. Household Toilet Facility Type Household respondents could specify a flush or traditional toilet or no facility, and whether or not the facility is shared. (All households; n=7,825) ♦ Table II-2. Urban-Rural Differences in Toilet Facilities (All households; n=7,825) ♦ Figure II-3. Ownership of Selected Household Assets Households were asked if they possessed the following durable goods: radio, television, telephone, refrigerator, mobile phone, satellite, washing machine, solar heater, computer, internet access, and a private car. Data on first four in the list are mapped in figure II-3. (All households; n=7,825) 8 Jordan: Atlas of Health Indicators Figure II-1. Percent Households With Water Piped into Dwelling, Jordan, 2002 Leba o ¹ Syria Iraq Irbid Ajloun Mafraq Jarash Balqa West Bank Zarqa Madaba Amman Karak Tafiela Israel Ma'an Saudi Arabia Aqaba Percent households Less than 85% 85 - 95% 95 - 100% 1:3,254,862 Table II-1. Urban-Rural Differences in Water Source Region Households with piped water in dwelling (%) Urban Rural Amman 84.30 79.93 Irbid 77.97 61.23 Zarqa 91.58 87.90 Balqa/Madaba 94.30 87.33 Mafraq/Jarash/Ajloun 90.56 84.08 Karak/Tafiela/Ma'an/Aqaba 95.78 95.27 Total 86.28 81.84 Characteristics of Households 9 37156 Jordan.p65 9 9/22/04, 4:10 PM Figure II-2. Household Toilet Facility Type, Jordan, 2002 Lebanon ¹ Syria Iraq Irbid West Ajloun Jarash Bank Mafraq Balqa Zarqa Madaba Amman Karak Tafiela Israel Ma'an Saudi Arabia Aqaba Percent households Own flush facility Own traditional facility 1:3,254,862 Shared/no facility Table II-2. Urban-Rural Differences in Toilet Facilities Region Urban Rural Own Own Shared/ Own Own Shared/ flush traditional no facility flush traditional no facility Amman 93.13 6.26 0.60 74.29 24.29 1.42 Irbid 95.04 3.94 1.02 90.15 8.47 1.37 Zarqa 91.84 7.89 0.27