Common Periwinkle, Myrtle

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Weed of the Week Periwinkle Vinca minor L Common Names: periwinkle, common periwinkle, myrtle Native Origin: Europe Description: Periwinkle is a creeping perennial evergreen vine in the dogbane family (Apocynaceae) that can reach up to 6-8 inches in height. Long creeping stems commonly root at nodes and form mats. Leaves are simple, opposite, shiny, 2 inches long and taper at both ends. Blue- violet flowers are composed of five fused petals and can be found blooming in early spring and sometimes in summer and fall. Fruits are inconspicuous, brown, and beanlike. Periwinkle reproduces by root expansion and rooting where nodes touch the ground. Habitat: It is located in forests, woodland edges, roadsides, moist rich soils and fields. Distribution: This species is reported from states shaded on Plants Database map. It is reported invasive in CA, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MD, MI, NC, NJ, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA, WI, and WV. Ecological Impacts: Periwinkle is often planted as an ornamental groundcover, but shallow, trailing roots allow it to invade other areas, dominating substrate and thus water and nutrients. It can aggressively out-compete native ground-layer species. Control and Management: • Manual- Pull, rake up or dig; remove roots and re-growth • Chemical- It can be effectively controlled using any of several readily available general use herbicides such as glyphosate. Follow label and state requirements. Roadside infestation Vinca minor L References: www.forestimages.org, http://plants.usda.gov, www.nps.gov/plants/alien, Czarapata, Elizabeth J. Invasive Plants of the Upper Midwest, An Illustrated Guide to their Identification and Control, 2005 p. 98-99, www.invasive.org, http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academic s/biology/plants/Pages/vinca_minor.htm Produced by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Staff, Newtown Square, PA. WOW 03-08-06 Invasive Plants website: http://www.na.fs.fed.us/fhp/invasive_plants .

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Vinca Major, V. Minor
Vinca major, V. minor INTRODUCTORY DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FIRE EFFECTS AND MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS APPENDIX: FIRE REGIME TABLE REFERENCES INTRODUCTORY AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION FEIS ABBREVIATION NRCS PLANT CODE COMMON NAMES TAXONOMY SYNONYMS LIFE FORM FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS OTHER STATUS Common periwinkle. Photo by Dan Tenaglia, Missouriplants.com, Bugwood.org AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION: Stone, Katharine R. 2009. Vinca major, V. minor. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [ 2010, February 8]. FEIS ABBREVIATION: VINSPP VINMAJ VINMIN NRCS PLANT CODE [106]: VIMA VIMI2 COMMON NAMES: bigleaf periwinkle big periwinkle greater periwinkle large periwinkle periwinkle vinca common periwinkle lesser periwinkle periwinkle vinca TAXONOMY: The genus name for periwinkles is Vinca L. (Apocynaceae). This review summarizes information on the following periwinkle species [29,42,61,78,113]: Vinca major L., bigleaf periwinkle Vinca minor L., common periwinkle In this review, species are referred to by their common names, and "periwinkles" refers to both species. Numerous periwinkle cultivars are available [30,66]. SYNONYMS: None LIFE FORM: Vine-forb FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS: None OTHER STATUS: Information on state-level noxious weed status of plants in the United States is available at Plants Database. DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE SPECIES: Vinca major, V. minor GENERAL DISTRIBUTION HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES GENERAL DISTRIBUTION: Bigleaf periwinkle is native to Mediterranean Europe [1,4], Asia Minor [1], and northern Africa (review by [10]). Common periwinkle is native across all of continental Europe as far north as the Baltic States [86].
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WRA.Datasheet.Template
Assessment date 16 October 2018 Prepared by Sullivan and Lieurance Vinca major NORTH ZONE Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has the species become naturalised where grown? 1.03 Does the species have weedy races? 2.01 Species suited to Florida's USDA climate zones (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 North Zone: suited to Zones 8, 9 Central Zone: suited to Zones 9, 10 South Zone: suited to Zone 10 2.02 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.03 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y 1 2.04 Native or naturalized in habitats with periodic inundation y North Zone: mean annual precipitation 50-70 inches Central Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches South Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches 1 2.05 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y 3.01 Naturalized beyond native range y 2 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y 2 3.03 Weed of agriculture unk 3.04 Environmental weed y 4 3.05 Congeneric weed y 2 4.01 Produces spines, thorns or burrs n 0 4.02 Allelopathic n 0 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable to grazing animals y 1 4.05 Toxic to animals unk 0 4.06 Host for recognised pests and pathogens y 1 4.07 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans unk 0 4.08 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems n 0 4.09 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y 1 4.10 Grows on infertile soils (oligotrophic, limerock, or excessively draining soils).
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Vinca Major L
A WEED REPORT from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States This WEED REPORT does not constitute a formal recommendation. When using herbicides always read the label, and when in doubt consult your farm advisor or county agent. This WEED REPORT is an excerpt from the book Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States and is available wholesale through the UC Weed Research & Information Center (wric.ucdavis.edu) or retail through the Western Society of Weed Science (wsweedscience.org) or the California Invasive Species Council (cal-ipc.org). Vinca major L. Big periwinkle Family: Apocynaceae Range: Primarily California, but also Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico and much of the southern and eastern United States. Habitat: Riparian corridors, moist woodlands, forest margins, coastal habitats, and disturbed sites such as roadsides and old homesteads. Grows best under moist, shady conditions on sandy to medium loam soil, with acidic to neutral pH. Can also tolerate drought, full sun, heavy clay and slightly alkaline soils. Foliage is susceptible to frost damage. Origin: Native to central Europe and the Mediterranean region. Introduced to the United States in the 1700s as an ornamental and for medicinal uses. Impacts: Under favorable conditions, plants spread invasively and can develop a dense ground cover that outcompetes other vegetation in natural areas. Big periwinkle is becoming a dominant woodland understory in many areas of California. Infestations around old homesteads have been present for many years and serve as nurseries for further spread. Some plants in the dogbane (Apocynaceae) family are extremely toxic, although poisoning due to the ingestion of big periwinkle is poorly documented.
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The Phytochemical Analysis of Vinca L. Species Leaf Extracts Is Correlated with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antitumor Effects
molecules Article The Phytochemical Analysis of Vinca L. Species Leaf Extracts Is Correlated with the Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antitumor Effects 1,2, 3 3 1 1 Alexandra Ciorît, ă * , Cezara Zăgrean-Tuza , Augustin C. Mot, , Rahela Carpa and Marcel Pârvu 1 Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes, -Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] (R.C.); [email protected] (M.P.) 2 National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donath St., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3 Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes, -Bolyai University, 11 Arany János St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; [email protected] (C.Z.-T.); [email protected] (A.C.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +40-264-584-037 Abstract: The phytochemical analysis of Vinca minor, V. herbacea, V. major, and V. major var. variegata leaf extracts showed species-dependent antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects correlated with the identified phytoconstituents. Vincamine was present in V. minor, V. major, and V. major var. variegata, while V. minor had the richest alkaloid content, followed by V. herbacea. V. major var. variegata was richest in flavonoids and the highest total phenolic content was found in V. herbacea which also had elevated levels of rutin. Consequently, V. herbacea had the highest antioxidant activity V. major variegata V. major V. minor followed by var. Whereas, the lowest one was of . The extract showed the most efficient inhibitory effect against both Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. On the other hand, V. herbacea had a good anti-bacterial potential only against S.
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First Characterisation of the Populations and Immune-Related
First characterisation of the populations and immune-related activities of hemocytes from two edible gastropod species, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell, Turbo cornutus. Ludovic Donaghy, Hyun-Ki Hong, Christophe Lambert, Heung-Sik Park, Won Joon Shim, Kwang-Sik Choi To cite this version: Ludovic Donaghy, Hyun-Ki Hong, Christophe Lambert, Heung-Sik Park, Won Joon Shim, et al.. First characterisation of the populations and immune-related activities of hemocytes from two edible gastropod species, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell, Turbo cornutus.. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, Elsevier, 2010, 28 (1), pp.87-97. 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.10.006. hal- 00460531 HAL Id: hal-00460531 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00460531 Submitted on 1 Mar 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. First characterisation of the populations and immune-related activities of hemocytes from two edible gastropod species, the disk abalone, Haliotis discus discus and the spiny top shell, Turbo cornutus . Ludovic Donaghy a,b,* , Hyun-Ki Hong a, Christophe Lambert b, Heung-Sik Park c, Won Joon Shim d, Kwang-Sik Choi a.
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Vinca Minor L. Leaf Anatomical Structure
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Shelled Molluscs
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12. VINCA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 209. 1753
Flora of China 16: 157. 1995. 12. VINCA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 209. 1753. 蔓长春花属 man chang chun hua shu Herbs with stolons and watery juice. Leaves opposite, entire, short petiolate, intra- and interpetiolar glands present. Flowers solitary or rarely in 2-flowered cymes, axillary. Calyx small, without glands. Corolla violet, funnelform, tube cylindric, hairy or with scales at throat; lobes obliquely obovate, spreading, shorter than tube, overlapping to left. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube. Disc glands 2, ligulate, alternating with ovaries. Ovules 6–many. Style filiform; pistil head ringlike, apex densely hairy. Folllicles 2, erect or spreading, cylindric, striate. Seeds glabrous. About five species: W Asia, Europe; two species cultivated in China. 1a. Leaf blade truncate or subcordate at base, margin and calyx lobes ciliate; pedicel 3–5 cm ..................................... 1. V. major 1b. Leaf blade narrow at base, margin and calyx lobes glabrous; pedicel 1–1.5 cm ...................................................... 2. V. minor 1. Vinca major Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 209. 1753. 蔓长春花 man chang chun hua Vinca major var. variegata Loudon. Herbs to 1 m tall, flowering stems to 30 cm. Leaf blade elliptic, ovate, or broadly ovate, 2–9 × 2–6 cm, base truncate or subcordate, margin ciliate with hairs 0.1–1 mm; lateral veins to 5 pairs. Pedicel 3–5 cm. Sepals narrowly triangular, ca. 9 mm, densely ciliate. Corolla bluish purple, tube 1.2–1.5 cm, limb 3–5 cm in diam., lobes obliquely truncate. Anthers short, applanate, apex puberulent. Follicles spreading, ca. 5 cm. Fl. Mar-May. 2n = 92. Jiangsu, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [native to Europe].
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Vinca (Catharanthus) Rosea Heatwave Series
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