B.C. Vol. 14 Spring 2010 Rockhounder Contents

President's Message 2 BCLS General Meeting 3 Share your trips and Golden Rules 4 knowledge by sending an A New Fire in Tiger's Eye 5 article to the Rockhounder Rings 5 Submit articles for Debunking the Mystery of Stone Balls 8 the next issue by Diamond Wrongs 9 Suiseki 11 August 1, 2010 to: The McAbee Fossil Beds 12 Win Robertson Types of Fossile Preservation 13 6 – 2401 Ord Road Quartzsite 13 Kamloops, BC V2B 7V8 Hints and Such 15 E mail: [email protected] Summer Camp 2010 16 The First Summer Camp 17 "My thanks to all that Historical Amber 18 have submitted articles History of Tourmaline 21 and club news for Scrimshaw 24 publication. They are Earth's Oldest Rocks 25 greatly appreciated and Club News 26 enjoyed by our readers." Club Shows 35

Cover Photo: Material from the McAbee Fossil Beds. Courtesy of Dave Langevin. Photo By Mike Coulter

Published Quarterly By the British Columbia Lapidary Society

20739 39th Avenue, Editor: Design & Layout: Printing: Langley, BC Win Robertson Mike Coulter Sure Kamloops V3A 2V7 [email protected] [email protected] Print & Copy Centre Tel: (604) 532-0582 (250) 376-4878 Cell - (250) 682-9134 (250) 554-1322 E-mail: [email protected] #6 - 2401 Ord Rd. Kamloops, BC 552 Tranquille Rd. www.lapidary.bc.ca Kamloops, BC V2B 7V8 V2C 5C2 Kamloops, BC

Spring 2010 | 1 President’s Message

Hi Everyone, We have a beautiful feature on the front cover of this want to say a special thanks to all the volunteers who I issue of the Rockhounder, and an interesting article by help put on our exciting B.C. Gem and Mineral Show. Dave Langevin about the McAbee fossil beds. This is We visited four shows this winter, in California, Arizona such a fun place to go. I remember my frst trip up there. and New Mexico. To my mind, our show here in B.C. It was Rendezvous, and I was new to rockhounding. tops all of them. We differ from those other shows, in that My son David and I climbed all the way to the top we have Special Displays, Club displays, Demonstrators of the hill... small mountain, really. We could see for with excellent skills, Kids Corner with crafts and lots of miles, all up and down the valley: the cultivated squares variety in our dealers. We have it all! of farmland, green with spring planting, and blue skies The biggest show in Canada does not happen by itself. dotted with puffy, fuffy white clouds. We sat in the Cam Bacon, our showchair, has a large committee of warmth of the sun, happy to be outside again after the volunteers that meet once a month, all winter long, to cold, rainy winter. plan the sizable details of this show and work tirelessly to At that time there was no road up, and it was a long make it the special event that it has become. Well done, climb to the top. Being new to rockhounding, I left my all of you, and Thank You Very Much :) lunch at the bottom of the hill. I will never forget looking On another subject: down at the car, way below me, and yearning for my We welcome the warmer weather that brings us to lunch down there with my grumbling tummy at the thoughts of being outside to do some rockhounding. top of the hill! Now Dave Langevin has had an expensive road built to the top, and we no longer have that arduous climb to access those fabulous fnds! The shale beds have been worked with benches, and it's easy to pluck out a hand-sized chunk of the shale. We took our bladed hammers, and tapped the chunks open just like the pages of a book. In nearly every opening, there was another fossil surprise. This is one of the most rewarding feld trips to visit. If you have never been there, I encourage you to go. I guarantee you will not be disappointed. Happy rockhounding, everyone!

De Morgan,

President, B.C. Lapidary Society

2 | B.C. Rockhounder

BCLS W! General Meeting NE

The next general meeting of the BCLS will be held Sunday, Sept. 5th, from 1 to 3:30 p.m. Sullivan Hall, A Field Guide 64th Avenue and 152nd Street, in Surrey to the (I realize that it's the Sunday of the labor day Rocks and Minerals weekend.) but there are already 2 shows that month, of and the only other date is already booked at the hall. Texada Island Bob and I are going away at the end of September, so by Amanda Martinson it's not possible to move the meeting into October. I hope the turnout will still be good or even better. Texada Island hosts a As usual, we will offer refreshments, and a door prize. unique geology amongst On the up-side, the long weekend gives an extended the Gulf Islands of BC, namely poly-metallic skarns time for people from farther away to attend, so I hope special to island-arc terranes. With it’s 100+ years of colourful mining history to present-day operations, Texada we will see some of you out to the meeting. is world famous in the mining community but remains an I hope as many of you as possible will be available enigma to most. The 193 page book includes maps, unique to come. It's always fun to hear a good speaker and mineral transition charts, 100 colour photos of mineral schmooze with other rockhounds! specimens, descriptions, fossils and historical overview with sites of interest. An additional metaphysical section Cheers, provides a ground-breaking analysis of the properties of skarn mineral combinations. Limited supply. $36 (tax De Morgan, included) + shipping Call Amanda: 604-486-7552

President, B.C. Lapidary Society

Donnamae Chionis had her RV broken into, the following Items were stolen: Attention Gem Setting tools, Wire Wrapping tools, Silversmithing tools or Beading Rockhounders tools. Gold Filled wire, beads, loose gem stones or cabs as well as about 150 prints all signed by her . If you see any of these items for sale in a Pawn shop, Flea market, 2nd Robbery hand store or a Garage sale. Please contact Donnamae at: 604-836-2303 or Notice e mail: [email protected] Any assistance is appreciated ! Spring 2010 | 3 A Wealth of Difference REAL ANSWERS Golden Gold Filled: A layer of gold backed with another FROM EARTH metal such as chrome, nickel, copper Rules or silver. SCIENCE EXAMS Tips for Purchasing Gold Plate: Gifts of Gold The process of placing a base metal, such as copper, in a bath and sealing The rear end of a trilobite It is beautiful, it is fattering, it is the two metals through electroplate. is called a trilobutt. precious and it never goes out of style. Gold Leaf: That is what makes gold jewelry a The terrestrial planets are popular gift, year after year. A sheet of gold varying from 4 to 5 Classic designs can be found in millionths of an inch in thickness much larger than the gas 14K, 18K and even 24K gold. To help used for gilding and other purposes. giants. you get the most for your money, as Liquid Gold: Wegener found matching well as a whole lifetime of pleasure, Finely divided gold suspended in the World Gold Council offers some a vegetable oil and used for bedbugs on opposite “golden rules” for purchasing. gilding ceramics. sides of the Atlantic.

Know you Karats Vermeil: The main problem Always look for a karat mark when 14 Karat gold overlaid on associated with limestone purchasing gold jewelry. It is usually sterling silver. aquifers is Lyme disease. stamped as 10K, 14K, 18K or 24K, Sterling Silver: but could also be stamped 417, 585, Silver of a purity of 925 parts per Erie, Pennsylvania has no 750, or 9999, which are the European 1,000. The content is 92.5 percent equivalents. The karat mark indicates volcanoes because it's silver and 7.5 percent of another the percentage of pure gold in the too cold there. metal, usually copper. piece. 24K is 100 percent gold. Gold is often alloyed with other metals, like Silver Plate: We know that the sun is copper, silver, nickel and zinc, to give Silver that has been coated over a much farther away from it strength and durability. The higher base metal such as copper, nickel- us than the moon is, the karats, the more gold in the piece. silver or brass in a dipping process because we can see stars Different proportions of metals that included sealing the two metals between us and the sun, added to pure gold give gold alloys through electroplating. but not between us and their yellow, rose, green and white coloration. Most gold jewelry contains the moon. a mixture of at least two other metals.

C&D Gemcraft Rockhound Custom Made Gemstone Jewelery & Repairs Shop David Barclay 777 - Cloverdale Avenue, Owner: V.I. Rockhound Shop Accredited Gemologist (C.I.G.) Victoria, B.C. Canada V8X 2S6Ltd. Tom & Gerry Vaulkhard)

Phone/Fax: (250) 766-4353 Box 42015, R.P.O. North Email: [email protected] Winfield, BC V4V 1Z8 E mail: [email protected] Tel. (250) 475-2080 (Tues - Sat.) Fax (250) 475-2083

4 | B.C. Rockhounder common assumption was in dire need the quartz and crocidolite minerals of an update. to grow toward each other from A New When light refects off the either side of the fracture, with the parallel mineral bands of tiger's eye, quartz dominating as they both fll the gem shimmers. The German in the open vein. As the pressure mineralogist Ferdinand Wibel in continues, the gem breaks again, this 1873 frst interpreted tiger's eye as time splitting the fracture on the side a pseudomorph. That explanation where the crocidolite had formed. Firein Tiger's Eye stuck. Until now, mineralogists have "In order to make one centimeter of Christina Reed assumed that the mineral bands are tiger's eye, it has to undergo twenty to For more than a century, fbrous quartz that grew in place of a hundred of these cracking episodes," mineralogists have accepted that pre-existing crocidolite asbestos. Heaney says. Each quartz-flled vein the lustrous bands in the tiger's eye In the April issue of Geology, with its inclusions of crocidolite gemstone occur because of a process Heaney and Donald Fisher, both provides a tectonic history for the called pseudomorphism, where of Pennsylvania State University, gem. "Since the chatoyancy is one mineral replaces another but reported a new origin for the mineral produced by the crocidolite and retains the original shape. However, bands responsible for the shimmer, not the quartz crystals, the zig-zag when Peter Heaney took a look at or chatoyancy, in tiger's eye gems. cat's-eye pattern refects the the gemstone through an optical Intense tectonic pressures cause movement of the rock." microscope, he found that this fractures within the gem that allow

Luckily, Sam Johnson was not always correct. It is obvious here that he had not studied his history of rings, Rings for they took on many practical and

Photography by Erik Gould ornamental purposes. It should be mentioned here The ring has consistently been that only three cultures have been the most popular piece of jewelry. discovered that did not make use of It has been said that the ring is "the rings in some form. From all available article of jewelry around which information, most notably the Roman Ring, Late Roman Empire, centers tradition, antiquity, utility portraits and sculptures of the time, 2nd AD gold, sardonyx; 1" d and symbolic meaning of the greatest the Assyrians wore no rings. another group for which rings hold no reverential character." The eighteenth Another society where its people attraction, much to admiral Robert century English writer, Samuel wore no rings was the Celts of Ireland. Peary’s dismay. On one of his frst Johnson, described the ring as "a In all the caches of jewelry that have arctic trips, Peary left well-stocked circular instrument placed upon been discovered on the emerald with rings to barter with the Eskimos. the noses of hogs and fngers of isle, no rings have ever been found When he arrived, Peary discovered he women to restrain them and bring which belonged to the Celts. There is them into subjection." could not rid himself of them.

Lapis Gems Lapidary Precious, Semi-Precious Stones & Minerals Mohammad Yarzadeh M. Homayon

27 Roy’s Square (Yonge & Bloor) Tel: (416) 944-3123 Toronto, ON M4Y 2W4 Fax: (416) 944-3309

Spring 2010 | 5 The Eskimos have never worn, most often hollow and could be and jet. During the middle ages nor do they now wear, rings. Due easily crushed. Annulus natalitus rings engraved with the fgures of to their severe climate even the were Roman birthday rings, only saints were held in high regard. slight pressure of a ring could to be worn to celebrate ones Precious stones were still used to impede circulation. birthday. It was also the custom for give immunity. The most popular An atmosphere of magic and the matron of a roman household stone to be set in a ring was the charm has always surrounded rings. to wear a ring with a small key sapphire. This magical blue stone There has been a strong believe that attached. This was a symbol of was attributed with curing eye both good and bad spirits inhabited her authority over the house. By diseases, being a poison antidote, rings. One of the many charges the middle of the frst century, the preserving the chastity of the wearer, levied against Joan d’Arc was that fashion was to wear an extravagant and preventing poverty, betrayal she owned rings of magic. Because of amount of jewelry. Rings ft into or wrongful conviction. If all these this feeling, it has been speculated things were true, its popularity was that the greater use of rings was the warranted. Medieval rings of silver outcome of convenience. The faith have often been found, each being in the curative powers of stones and hammered by hand, for the drawing the protective powers attributed to of wire was not known until the some of them, induced their owners fourteenth century. to carry the stones by setting them The frst Anglo-Saxon rings in circlets of gold, silver or bronze were primitive bits of wire twisted to be worn on their fngers. For into a hoop. The third fnger of the instance, amethysts were supposed right hand was known as the "gold to keep one sober and turquoise fnger," for this is where gold rings would change color in the were worn as a badge of nobility. presence of poison. Later Anglo-Saxon rings were Rings were extremely popular quite technical. Persian Ring, 13th century among the Romans. There were gold, turquoise; 1 3/8" D Niello was often used extensively certain rules in the fashion of rings on gold and silver. As rings began which were strictly observed. Plain this fashion by being worn on every to take on more purposes, they are signets and bronze rings were worn fnger, with different sized for each more clearly defned according to on either hand, but rings set with section of the fnger. what they were used for, instead stones were considered effeminate if Stone rings were not uncommon of the period in which they were worn on the right hand. Gold rings in ancient times. These were not found. The frst practical use of rings could be worn on certain occasions, metal rings set with stones, but was the signet or seal ring. They but they were set aside for iron rings cut from solid stone. Romans developed into full use under the signet rings when one attended a were fond of amber and jasper, worn Romans as a method of marking funeral. Wealthy Romans had rings primarily as amulets. offcial parchment documents, that ft the seasons, with thin ones Although the Celts were not taking the place of a man’s personal for summer and large imposing ones ring wearers, prehistoric Ireland signature. A man would also seal for winter. These large rings were has left a history of rings of stone his valuables at home, of which

6 | B.C. Rockhounder historian Pliny noted that "a emeralds tranquility and crystal single ring upon the little fnger simplicity. Papal rings were given was no more than an ostentatious to the popes ambassadors as an Rings were not always advertisement that the owner assurance of safe conduct. For used for good. Hannibal has property nature under seal at further protection the rings were home." The signet ring carried over made of gilded bronze with paste and Demostenes both in the Elizabethan times, for every stones, which all knowledgeable wore poison rings. merchant had his own distinctive road bandits were aware of. The seal with which to mark his bales fsherman’s ring is still given to of merchandise Rings were not the new pope, the previous pope’s The second type of ring is the always used for good. Hannibal and ring is crushed at his death and a curative or healing ring. On the Demostenes both wore poison rings. new one produced. It is made of whole, every society believed that Although uncommon, these rings pure gold and engraved with the the right kind of ring would heal were not rare. Not only could they symbol of a boat in which st. Peter is the ills of the body, soul, or estate be used on "friends," but on oneself represented seated. according to need. Some popular if the circumstances warranted. For the laity, the favorite designs ones were the cramp ring, worn as Cesare Borgia was noted for his were of the skull and crossbones. a protection against cramps; and lion ring. The lion’s claws contained Momento mori became the fashion the toadstone, a fossilized tooth a poison that could give a very under Henry II of France, with the of a fsh that was believed to have lethal handshake. idea of remembering death. These many medicinal virtues. An iron Hopefully his acquaintances wore are not mourning jewels, for they do ring could cure intestinal problems plenty of turquoise. not represent a specifc loss, but the and garnets were good for bee stings. During the renaissance, quantity idea of the inevitability of death. People would buy these rings in a was again desirable asset. Rings Two other types of ecclesiastical pharmacy type setting, lending even were not only worn three on each rings were the reliquary rings and more credence to the beliefs. Even fnger, but all over on chains. the decade ring. Inserted in the the simple moving of a ring from the There were fve basic types of rings reliquary ring was the relic of a middle fnger of the left hand to the created particularly in this time. martyr or saint. In the sixteenth middle fnger of the right would stop The frst of these shall be referred to century, decade rings gained hiccoughs and sneezing. as ecclesiastical rings. These were popularity. These rings, very The third category of rings began badges of offce in which the stones prevalent among the laity, were long before the renaissance, when played a signifcant role. Again, knobbed to represent the beads the ring became the form of jewelry the stones had meanings: sapphires of a rosary and were used for used to support the total weight of gave purity, rubies represented glory, the same purpose. human emotions. These rings of romance were used for an emblem of joy, woe and all the interim emotions. In classical times there were betrothal and wedding rings. By the middle ages these rings were combined into just the wedding ring and was worn only on the right hand. The frst change to the left hand was noticed in the book of common prayer of Edward VI (1549). Jewish wedding rings were just ceremonial, only worn on the day of the wedding. This is perhaps a practicality, as the ring consists of heavy metal with a gabled building or Solomon's temple attached.

Spring 2010 | 7 Debunking the "Mystery" of the Stone Balls The stone balls of Costa Rica have been the object of pseudoscientifc speculations since the publication of Erich von Däniken's Chariots of the Gods in 1971. More recently, they Balls in Courtyard of National Museum have gained renewed attention as the San José, Costa Rica result of books such as Atlantis in (Delacorte Press, 2001). These authors publication about them appearing America: Navigators of the Ancient have been featured on television, in 1943. They are hardly a new World, by Ivar Zapp and George radio, magazines, and web pages, discovery, nor are they especially Erikson (Adventures Unlimited Press, where they do an incredible disservice mysterious. In fact, archaeological 1998), and The Atlantis Blueprint: to the public by misrepresenting excavations undertaken at sites with Unlocking the Ancient Mysteries themselves and the state of actual stone balls in the 1950s found them of a Long-Lost Civilization, by knowledge about these objects. to be associated with pottery and Colin Wilson and Rand Flem-Ath Although some of these other materials typical of the Pre- authors are often represented Columbian cultures of southern Costa as having "discovered" these Rica. Whatever "mystery" exists has objects, the fact is that they have more to do with loss of information been known to scientists since due to the destruction of the balls and they frst came to light during their archaeological contexts than agricultural activities by the lost continents, ancient astronauts, or United Fruit Company in 1940. transoceanic voyages. Archaeological investigation Hundreds of stone balls have been of the stone balls began shortly documented in Costa Rica, ranging Author with Largest Known Ball thereafter, with the frst scholarly in size from a few centimeters to over two meters in diameter. Almost all of them are made of granodiorite, a hard, igneous stone. These objects are not natural in origin, unlike the stone balls in Jalisco, Mexico that were described in a 1965 National Geographic article. Rather, they are monolithic sculptures made by human hands. The balls have been endangered since the moment of their discovery. Many have been destroyed, dynamited by treasure hunters or cracked and broken by agricultural activities. At the time of a major study undertaken in the 1950s, ffty balls were recorded as being in situ. Today, Stone Ball in situ Under Cacao Trees only a handful are known to be in their original locations. 8 | B.C. Rockhounder DiamondDr. Bill Cordua, University of Wisconsin-River Falls Wrongs

Recently a student of mine, named after several towns in the the same as pure carbon. The Russians who had been looking for a collecting area - obfuscation taken to taught the native Aleuts how to cut gift for his girl friend, asked the second level of confusion. Other and polish this material, which was me if Herkimer "diamonds" clear quartz rock crystals that have highly thought of enough to serve as were a particularly good been called diamonds are Alencon royal gifts. These are beautiful enough diamonds. After explaining "diamonds", Cape May "diamonds", in their own right that one wonders to him that Herkimer Hawaiian "diamonds", German why it as necessary to give it a gaudy "diamonds", Pecos "diamonds", name. In addition there is a Nevada "diamonds" were really Herradura "diamonds", Mexican "black diamond", but that is obsidian, quartz, I began thinking about "diamonds" and on and on. a volcanic glass. all the things rock hounds I had heard of Cape May Of course there is a real black and jewelers call diamonds "diamonds" when I was a kid. They diamond - a bizarre form also that are really diamond- refer to rounded pebbles of clear to called carbonado, which may be wrongs. Sometimes this is white quartz picked up along the extraterrestrial in origin. an innocent practice (as in beaches around Cape May, New Matura "diamond" is refers to Herkimer "diamonds"), but Jersey. Their source was the crystalline colorless zircon, which is found in the it can be meant to mislead rocks in the upper reaches of the gem gravels of Sri Lanka. Zircon does shoppers. In all cases it Delaware River. River and wave have an adamantine luster, so clear creates confusion and is transport have rounded and sculpted varieties tend to resemble diamonds sloppy nomenclature. them, making them popular among in their brilliance. However they east coast beachcombers. do have inferior hardness, and are Here are some of the Pecos diamonds come from zirconium silicate, not carbon. Be also diamond "wrongs" I found outcrops along the Pecos River in aware the zircon is not the same as on-line and what they really southeastern New Mexico not far from cubic zirconium an artifcial product are. Caveat emptor! Roswell. They often have a unique often used as an inexpensive orange color, and are associated with diamond substitute. cavities in gypsum-bearing limestone Mogok "diamond", Saxon erkimer diamonds are quartz H and dolostone. But, pretty as these are, "diamond", Killiecrankie "diamond", crystals found in vugs in dolostone they aren't diamonds. Tasmania "diamond" and Flinder's in central New York. They are often Colorado "diamond" can refer to "diamond" are white topaz. sharply terminated, water clear and smoky quartz. Radium "diamond" is Killicrankie is on Flinder's Island off of sparkly against the grey dolostone or also smoky quartz. Since quartz can Tasmania, so the last three terms refer black bitumen matrix, but they aren't be made smoky artifcially by to the same thing. These are topaz diamonds. Little Falls "diamonds" and exposure to radiation, some of these from granite, that have worn been Middleville "diamonds" are synonyms, specimens may not only be misnamed, loose and turn up in beach gravels. but also faked. Topaz is a hard lustrous mineral to Alaskan be sure, but these rank only an 8 on CENTURY "diamond" is the Mohs scale, not 10 and are not as similarly a type of rare. They also lack the brilliance of STONES quartz rock crystal. diamond's luster. Unless you fnd Probably the most ironic of these Gary Richards Alaskan "black misnomers is Alpine "diamond" which Email: [email protected] diamond" which is turns out to be pyrite. Some one 604 944 6131 polished hematite. buying this thus gets no diamond, but Yes it sparkles, but instead a shiny specimen of fool's gold. By Appointment iron oxide is hardly

Spring 2010 | 9 Here are some good of half inch square, but I didn't on-line references about fnd any big ones. The other four misleading mineral rockhounds that we met and chatted with, had only small pieces too, but names: they were very attractive. www.gemscape.com/html/misnomer. The most exciting fnd was htm and a partially formed pure white, www.jewelinfo4u.com/Beware_of_ calcedony geode, about the size and Misleading_gemstone_names_. aspx shape of an ostrich egg. It's edges, Anytime there is an offcial www.amfed.org/rules/AFMS_ forming the two-thirds complete sign directing me to an area, I Lapidary_Material_Names_2003.pdf oval, were laced with the patterns immediately suspect that it's been of the desert roses, giving a lacy, The American Federation of very well picked over. undulating, fnished edge to the Mineralogical Societies has a If you, too, have had this usually jagged edge of a geode. The useful list of approved names for experience, then you can imagine fnder was a ft young man, and a lapidary labels: how delighted we were to discover native of Arizona, just out enjoying I have a fond memory of the 1995 that the entire mountain was the day and looking for rocks. After movie "Congo". In it, a team of loaded with the most magnifcent struggling to get my fnds down the adventurers fnds King Solomon's chalcedony roses we have ever mountain. (okay, I had to have some diamond mines (guarded, of course, seen. The site has two mountains, help from Bob, my husband. I fnd by killer apes). The foor of the one is a well weathered volcanic this a shame-flled admission, as I "diamond" mine is shown littered with neck, stuck up like the butte in the believe frmly that we rockhounds Arkansas quartz crystals movie, 2001, A Space Oddessy, and should be able to carry our own next to it, is the satellite cone. It rocks down the mountain!) ("Arkansas diamonds"), which are is from this satellite cone that the We all met in the parking lot, being gleefully gathered in by the villain desert roses and fre agate originate. where you can camp for free, and as the apes attack. Was King Solomon “When you pick up one, there is shared stories and treasures. One duped by unscrupulous labeling? By the another underneath it”, said another of the four rockhounds, also from way, in the movie the villain's name rockhound that we met up there... Tucson, said that boiling the desert was "Herkermer". and it was true. roses overnight, outside, in Oxy It was possible to get a sample Clean, would take off all the extra of the desert roses in the matrix of calcifcation and grime. Likely, the vesicular lava, but there were I will try that method with my If You Ever Get many that were just lying on the treasured pieces of chalcedony when ground, and they sparkled snow- I get home. It was a good day of the Chance to Visit white, having been bleached for rockhounding and an excellent site. many years by the hot Arizona sun. Safford Arizona It was possible to fnd many that by De Morgan were whole, as they lay in the soft earth, and no one had ever trod there. Some had hues of reddish iron oxide embedded in them, and that only served to make them more attractive. The glint of a small piece of If you head along Highway 70, and oolitic fre agate was a very exciting I was only wishing we could have then go north for about 10 miles on fnd. By spraying it with water, we some of our B.C. rockhound friends highway 191, you will see a could see the fash of colours, green, with us. If you ever get the chance sign that directs you to the Black red, orange and yellow, ready to to visit Safford, Arizona, you know a Hills Rockhounding area in be polished into a striking piece of good spot to visit. Southeastern Arizona. jewelry. There were small pieces Happy Rockhounding All!

10 | B.C. Rockhounder IF SCIENTISTS WROTE NURSERY RHYMES Original: Jack and Jill went up the hill To fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown, And Jill came tumbling after.

Suiseki Scientific by Andrew Alden A research team proceeded toward the apex of a natural geologic Suiseki is the art of selecting and protuberance, the purpose of their presenting natural stones. Where the expedition being the procurement of geologist sees a stone as a riddle—a a sample of fuid hydride of oxygen in set of mineral and morphological a large vessel, the exact size of which clues to the history of the area—the was unspecifed. devotee of suiseki sees a stone as a One member of the team pure aesthetic experience, a mystery precipitately descended, sustaining rather than a puzzle. Suiseki (from severe fractural damage to the upper the Japanese words "water stone") cranial portion of his anatomical are natural, unworked stones that structure. Subsequently, the second suggest other natural shapes, such as member of the team performed a mountains, waterfalls, islands, crags, self-rotational translation oriented and even whole landscapes. in the direction taken by the They may also be abstract. The art charm to schistosity, the middle one frst member. of suiseki appreciation has existed to brecciation and the bottom one (a for centuries in Japan. Recently gneiss) to foliation. But these geologic Westerners have taken up the art, facts are irrelevant, probably a and many American stones meet the distraction, to the collector/artist. highest standards. The California All we can do is keep our big words "island stone" below left is shown to ourselves and enjoy the pleasant on a traditional sand dish and shock of seeing the familiar—often platform. The "mountain stone" rocks from our own feld areas— suiseki below right, are presented in in a different context. wooden holders. Suiseki are commonly placed near bonsai pots, where the miniature landforms complement the miniature trees. But these "viewing stones" are also appreciated alone. The Chinese practice of collecting gong-shi, or "scholar's stones," is an interesting relative of suiseki. The geologist beholding suiseki feels his mind twisted. The top stone, of course, owes much of its

Spring 2010 | 11 The McAbee Fossil Beds

Hello RockHounds, Many major Universities and scientifc community I’m Dave Langevin, co-owner Museums have large collections of in their studies. of the McAbee Fossil Beds McAbee material already. T.R.U. We believe there is room for Mineral claim. in Kamloops has the main type both worlds at the McAbee Fossil This note is due to the fact that collection from the claim. The R.B.C. Beds. The two main scientifc the General Public has been subjected Museum in Victoria, U.B.C., Simon studies undertaken by the Provincial to numerous one-sided info articles Fraser University, The Royal Tyrell Government in the past few years, concerning the fossils found there. Museum, the University of Alberta, basically agree with this view. I will not give you opinions, as Mr. The University of Saskatchewan, This is not good enough for Hume’s articles contain lots of these. all have extensive collections from Mr. Archibald. He wants it all, I will give you some facts, and McAbee as well. These institutions his way, period. let you decide. have many times told me they do not For now, the Fossil Beds will remain Mr. Archibald, (the scientist want any more fossils from McAbee. available for collecting. Come and mainly involved) used to be a friendly, They have no room and they have enjoy the thrill of fnding something informative fellow with a love for enough already. T.R.U. in Kamloops, you have never seen before. fossils. He has collected many times does accept new specimens, but only (Rockhounds can relate to that!). over the years at the fossil beds. the ones they do not already have. And, if by chance you fnd something We collected together and had Mr. Archibald has made a career no-one has ever seen before, you a good time. out of studying the insects found at will have the pleasure of donating it Recently, he has been on a quest the McAbee beds. He has identifed, to T.R.U. wher'e your name will be to stop me, and everyone else, from no less than 250 new type insect forever remembered as its fnder. going to the fossil beds, in order that species. He is now studying the I hope this info help you out. he would be the only person worthy of paleo-environment of the time, using Dave Langevin collecting there. his insect studies He did this once already with to provide info. the Hat Creek Coal beds, where He is working insects were found in the amber out of S.F.U. exposed there. B.C. Hydro, the owner I do of those coal claims at the time, acknowledge eventually gave the claims back to that the the Government. The trench, where McAbee the amber was exposed, was then beds are buried and lost for collecting amber scientifcally forever. This actually back fred on important. It is Mr. Archibald, stopping him from for that reason collecting as well. we support the 12 | B.C. Rockhounder has been carried to it while dissolved Distillation or in the water that percolates through Carbonization: the earth. This mineral material, Volatile elements or organic TYPES precipitated out of solution, flls up materials are distilled away, leaving such bone tissue without changing the only a residue of carbon to record OF FOSSILE original shape or substance. the actual animal or plant. This PRESERVATION Replacement: is the most common preservation method for plant leaves. Molds, ctual Preservation: This is the rarest This is the most common form A Casts and Imprinting: Each type is form of preservation, but possible of fossilization. In this method the closely related, and their difference in when bacterial action and decay have original animal substance, that is the some cases is a matter of semantics. been arrested. Animals have been shell or skeleton, is dissolved and For example, shells embedded in preserved without any chemical or replaced by a different type of mineral sandstone, or limestone can be mineral alteration in bogs, tar pits matter. Silica usually replaces wood in dissolved by percolating ground water or seeps, in tree sap(amber), or this manner (petrifed or opalized). leaving a perfect cast by the original frozen in ice. In corals and shells the actual specimen. Later, percolating ground specimens, other than their soft parts, waters may deposit mineral substances Permineralization: can be replaced in their entirety by in the mold creating an exact cast of The porous, bone matter of quartz, calcium carbonate or various the original animal. skeletons becomes flled in the soft iron minerals. Such fossils are tissue spaces with mineral matter that called pseudomorphs

by Richard Busch Fallbrook Gem and Mineral Quartzsite Society, Inc.; Fallbrook, CA What Arizona town is named him many years earlier - from Randy The discovery of gold and silver in after a misspelled rock? You Sparks' song. But I'm getting ahead of the areas surrounding Tyson's Wells already know the answer, of myself. Let's start at the beginning. led to a small mining boom in the late course. It's Quartzsite! The town of Quartzsite, Arizona 1890s which, in turn, revitalized the wasn't always named "Quartzsite." town. Due to the mining activity and My interest in Quartzsite was Quartzsite began life in 1856 when the widespread occurrence of quartzite piqued many years ago while looking Charles Tyson settled there and built rock in the area, Tyson's Wells was for interesting things on a map of a single, fort-like, adobe building renamed Quartzite. Unfortunately, a Arizona. There, on the "left edge" of known, appropriately enough, as Fort clerical error by the local Post Offce the state, where Interstate 10 crosses Tyson. After Tyson Highway 95, two annotations caught located a reliable my eye. The frst was the town of supply of water, the "Quartzsite" itself, which surely was "fort" was renamed The town of Quartzsite, a misspelling. The other was the the Oasis Hotel and Arizona wasn't always historical artifact in "Quartzsite" the settlement, now labeled the "Hi Jolly Memorial." As called "Tyson Wells named "Quartzsite." a budding geologist, the misspelling Stage Coach Station," irritated me; however, "Hi Jolly" became a stop on the intrigued me. I resolved to fnd out Ehrenberg-to-Prescott more about both. line. Tyson's Wells, as the It took me more than a decade town came to be known, fourished resulted in the name being misspelled to make it to Quartzsite for the frst until the mid-1890s when it was as "Quartzsite." The error was time. Now I go every year. "Hi Jolly" abandoned as the stage lines never fxed. was another matter. I learned about ceased operation. Spring 2010 | 13 Turn-of-the-century Quartzsite 10 by 20 inches, which also has a the town to weather out the season. was a mining supply center. The screen surface with wooden riffes A number of permanent residents town sported a hotel, a general store, at right angles to its length. The recognized the economic advantages a barber shop, a Chinese restaurant, pulsations of the bellows keeps the of establishing Quartzsite as a winter and a handful of saloons in addition material in motion. Underneath haven and chartered the Quartzsite to other amenities. Miners came the riffe board is a muslin cloth Improvement Association (QIA) from Ehrenberg, La Paz, and nearby stretched over the air chamber. as a means to organize themselves. mining camps to resupply. As was "The power for operating the The QIA decided that a managed to be expected, Quartzsite's success bellows is a crank on geared wheels; activity was needed to capitalize on was closely related to the quality and and, as the material passes over the the infux of winter visitors quantity of the gold and silver ore in riffe board, the heavier particles are and, after due deliberation, decided the surrounding area. High quality intercepted by the riffes and drop to host an annual gem and ore was not plentiful and, as a result, through the screen on to the cloth, mineral show. Quartzsite's life as a A local resident of Quartzsite, boom town was short. Sig Sigurdson, donated four acres By 1900, less than By 1960, only 50 people of land upon which a civic center 20 people lived in was built and upon which the QIA the town. lived in the town on a Pow-Wow (the name given to the One of the major permanent basis. gem and mineral show) was held. factors affecting the From the 1,000 people who attended productivity of the the frst QIA Pow-Wow in 1967, mining operations was attendance grew steadily over the the lack of water at the years: 12,000 in 1969, 200,000 in mines. In his article "Gold Deposits while the waste material passes over 1974, and 500,000 in 1975. Near Quartzsite, Arizona," Edward the end of the board In 1978, just 11 years after the Jones states that water packed from or is blown away by the air blast. frst Pow-Wow, attendance topped La Paz to the placer deposits brought The gold is obtained by panning one million! $5 a gallon during the rush period the concentrates. Today, the Quartzsite experience and that gold was recovered entirely "It is apparent that the gold- is one that shouldn't be missed. by dry washing. Jones describes the bearing wash must run well above If you've never before driven to dry washer machines used during 50 cents per cubic yard in order Quartzsite during the Pow-Wow, this time: that the operator may make miner's you'll be amazed to see several "The machines used in 'dry wages. Sporadic placer mining has thousand RVs camped across the washing' are of several types, but been done with this machine by the desert as you approach the town. probably the most effcient is that of miners at Quartzsite, but because of Once in the town, you'll notice the 'bellows' type. In capable hands the variability of the gold content of additional thousands of dealers 6 cubic yards of material can be the wash and the limitations of the selling gems, minerals, jewelry, and handled by a machine of the largest machine, no large areas have been other handcrafted merchandise. It type by one man in 8 hours, and thoroughly or continuously worked." all begins on the frst Wednesday in the capacity of those of the smaller Quartzsite's population fuctuated February and lasts about a week. types, more commonly used, is 2 erratically from 1900 to about 1960. Oh, yes; I almost forgot. What yards a day. Election records reveal a population about "Hi Jolly" and his memorial? "The machine consists of a from as few as 14 people to a few The memorial honors the Arabian wooden framework to which is hundred (during the depression) in camel driver Hadji Ali who attached a coarse screen, hopper, the 60-year period. By 1960, only escorted a consignment of camels crank and gears, riffe board, and 50 people lived in the town on a in an Army experiment in 1856 to bellows. The material is passed permanent basis. determine if the animals could be through a screen having a quarter- During the winters though, the used successfully in the American inch mesh into a hopper having a population of Quartzsite swelled southwestern desert. Hadji Ali was capacity of 1 cubic foot, and then to 1,500 or more as travelers from nicknamed "Hi Jolly" by the soldiers. passes on to the inclined riffe board, colder areas of the nation focked to The camel experiment failed.

14 | B.C. Rockhounder Horses and cattle, unaccustomed to seeing camels, became spooked in their presence and frequently Hints ‘n Such stampeded. The Army eventually turned the camels loose in the Wipe a piece of chalk over your jeweler's fles. The chalk keeps the fle from desert and, after his death, Hi Jolly clogging and you can blow the chalk out. Silversmiths draw your jeweler's saw was memorialized with a small through a hunk of old candle wax or beeswax. It will coat the blade and you monument. The monument is can saw faster. located in Quartzsite, in the town Source: Golden Spike News, 5/2004, via The Nugget, 11/2008 cemetery just off Main Street. It An aluminum scriber is often used with a template to outline stones. This same consists of a 6-foot-high pyramid, scriber can give you an idea as to the hardness of a particular stone. If you can built with chunks of ore minerals, see the mark but have to look carefully, the stone is about 7 Mohs. If the mark topped with a metal silhouette of a is very bold, the stone is about 5 Mohs. If the mark cannot be seen, the stone is camel. A sign nearby tells the story more than 7 Mohs. of Hi Jolly and his camels. Source: by Dug Duggel, Ft Lewis Rock Club News via The Rockcollector, 4/2005 References Tourmaline and garnet both chip. Grind carefully on well-dressed wheels. American Automobile Association; Both stones are fairly heat sensitive. Sand wet. Linde A on leather is a good Arizona-New Mexico Tourbook; polishing combination for these gems. 1993. Source: Skagitt Gems, 1/2001, via Calgary Lapidary Journal, 4/2008 Jones, Edward L., Jr.; Mineral Oil has many uses. It is fne for preserving borax crystals from "Gold Deposits Near Quartzsite, hydration changes. It makes varisite a deeper green and improves the Arizona;" Contributions to Economic appearance of fuorites and calcites. Geology, 1915, Part I; Bulletin 620; Source: The Memphis Archaeological Society via Rockhound Rambling, 12/2005 United States Geological Survey; Good old Elmer's Glue mixed 50/50 with warm water works wonders at 1916. maintaining that "wet look" on all types of materials, including most shells. Sparks, Randy; Just brush it on and let it dry if it gets dusty or dulled simply soak it in warm water and reapply. I learned this technique from one of my mentors when I "Hi Jolly;" Ramblin'; The New wanted to display some petrifed wood that looked great when wet but looked Christy Minstrels; Columbia Records; like a plain old rock dry. CK 8855. Source: Clyde Gilbert, Oct 24, 2007, at Yahoo Groups, Walz, Robert J.; Rock Collecting and Field Trips "A Brief History of Quartzsite;" South Use tin oxide dry on leather to polish fre agate - polishes in a heartbeat! Heat Bay Lapidary and Mineral Society causes the top surface of the stone to fow, making it glassy. Agatizer via Crystal Ball; Virginia Source: The Pegmatite, 2/2004, via Rockhound Ramblings, 5/2007 Nolan, Editor; January 1994. If you have an item that has been epoxied incorrectly, it can be taken apart by Copyright © 1995 by Fallbrook Gem soaking it in household vinegar. It works and is inexpensive. and Mineral Society, Inc. Source: Calgary Lapidary Journal, date unknown, via Rockhound Rambling, The preceding article was originally 11&12/2008 published in the January 1995 issue If you have a lot of dopping to do, a good way to keep stones at an even of Lithosphere, the offcial bulletin of temperature is in an electric frying pan set at 200-250 degrees. the Fallbrook [California] Gem and Source: Rolling Rock Club newsletter, original date unknown via Rockhound Mineral Society, Inc; Richard Busch Rambling, 11&12/2008 (Editor). Moonstone will cleave. Be sure to grind it on a smooth wheel. It polishes Permission to reproduce and distribute nicely on felt with cerium oxide. this material, in whole or in part, for Source: Skagitt Gems, 1/2001, via Calgary Lapidary Journal, 4/2008 non-commercial purposes, is hereby granted provided the sense or meaning Need two cabs of exactly the same size? Glue two slabs together with paper of the material is not changed and the between them. Cut to size. Separate by soaking in water. author's notice of copyright is retained. Source: Rockhound Rambling, 12/04, via Quarry Quips, 2/05 Spring 2010 | 15 Summer Camp 2010: Overlander Stopping Place

August 2 - 7, 2010 Telephone: 250-677-4392, Toll free: 888-893-1628, [email protected] P.O. Box 66 Little Fort, BC V0E 2C0 Known as the Hub of the North Thompson, the small community of Little Fort is located in the North Thompson Valley region of British Columbia, Little Fort is west of the Thompson River on the Yellowhead Highway 5, at the junction LOST HORSE MOTEL THE RIVERMOUNT MOTEL with Highway 24, between 137 Hwy 24, PO Box 41, & CAMPGROUND Barriere and Clearwater. Little Fort, VOE 2CO 4462 Hummingbird Rd Hwy 5 S, Junction of Hwys 5 & 24 PO Box 68, Little Fort, VOE 2CO 1 hr north Kamloops. Single, double 4 km north of Little Fort on Hwy 5. OVERLANDER & queen beds; kitchens; combination Sleeping units; Combination baths; STOPPING PLACE baths; satellite TV; phones; wireless satellite TV; RV parking campsites; 4 km south of Little Fort, internet access; Smoking Policy: non- fush toilets; showers; frepits; frewood; 85km north of Kamloops. smoking rooms available; Cash, DC, MC, picnic area; sani-station; licenced Grassed & treed sites; pull Travellers Cheques, VI; Pet Policy: pets restaurant; home cooking; throughs; full & partial hookups; allowed, call for details; CP: 5 days. Smoking Policy: smoking in frepits; laundry; sani-station; designated areas only; Cash, DC, MC, rock & gift shop; washrooms, 250-677-4288, VI; Pet Policy: pets allowed, call for coin showers; toilets; heated Toll Free 866-567-4677 details; CP: 3 days. pool; horseshoe pit; pay phone; For more information visit: playground; Cash, DC,MC, www.littlefort.ca 250-677-4477, Toll Free 866- Travellers Cheques, VI; 816-7912, 5 Units - $55-75; Add'l 5; [email protected] 40 Sites - per vehicle LS Rates $17-28 8 Units-$60-75; Add'l $7, 13 Sites - per 2 persons $14-22 Accommodations: For accommodations information in Clearwater or Barriere Check the BC Accommodations Guide.

16 | B.C. Rockhounder 14 miles, the Bryson ranch where of opalized and agatized material a we paused to greet the Bryson family foot or so beneath the surface. Much before continuing a further 8 miles to of this was brittle and easily broken, The First the Higginbottom property and but full packs were quickly realized our base camp. by even the most selective diggers. Summer A small stream trickled down the Some of the group went down a short western edge of the meadow and distance to a lower road cut we had soon a series of small dams were passed on the way up and dug for red constructed to provide cooling pools and yellow jasper and jasp-agate. for food and drink. Better drinking On the return trip to camp we Camp water was available at a spring about visited a family living by the spring two miles up the road. The advance and were most interested to see the Empire Valley party consisting of Jack Sankey, Brian variety of rocks, chiefy agates and Pinkerton and Howard Pearsons had jaspers that they had found in 50 years ago already set up "conveniences". Aside the vicinity, From the Canadian Rockhound Nov. 1960 from the fact that we couldn't light The following day a rock hunt Reported by Beth Whittaker. campfres because of the extreme fre was held on the hill immediately hazard, we were very comfortably above the camp» called the perlite The frst summer camp of the camped in a very pleasant setting. hill because it is a perlite claim. Lapidary Rock &, Mineral Society Permission to was held August 6th to 10th in hunt there had Empire Valley with 31 people It presented a magnificent been given us by participating. The jumping-off picture. From the high plateau the owner. Some point was the town of Clinton, common Opal and From there, campers in cars the road wound down to the banded agate were carefully packed with extra gas bridge at the bottom of the found, Howard cans and provisions for fve days in Pearsons happened the bush, set out west-ward across canyon and we knew we had left on a pocket of the rolling grass and lake country Clinton 51 miles behind us. thunder eggs farther towards the Fraser River. For the up the hill, but no most part this section of the road one else was able to the edge of the Fraser Canyon was We soon found that our fellow to emulate his success. By the next good but dusty. There it changed from rockhounds came from such widely day a number of the campers decided gravel to dirt and grew progressively separated points as Prince Rupert, they had enough rock and departed. narrower and more tortuous Penticton, Tappen, Campbell River, The remainder revisited the perlite though still navigable by all cars Lillooet and Maple Ridge with hill except for a small party headed in fne weather. the greater Vancouver area by Brian Pinkerton who explored a The scenery at the Fraser defes strongly represented. hill to the south-west of the camp and adequate description, for here the Our frst rock hunt was held found a few agate nodules for the most river has cut down through the rock the following day. Setting out in part of the small and clear variety. leaving remnants of former food a caravan, we followed the road The camp closed up the following plains stranded at various levels westward a winding 4 miles to the day. The return trip was without on the valley sides. It presented a thunder egg location within sight of incident except that Mr. Lemke magnifcent picture. From the high Black Dome Mountain. stopped and picked up red-skinned plateau the road wound down to the The weather being dry, the road agate nodules on one of Bryson's bridge at the bottom of the canyon was adequate for most cars although hay meadows. and we knew we had left Clinton 51 one switchback required a little The rockhound camp was a miles behind us. Crawling up the maneuvering. The location itself was successful venture and deserves to west side of the canyon another mile, an old bulldozer cut just off the road. be repeated. Socially it was more the Empire Valley -Gang Ranch road Digging was easy, for there was an than successful as it served as an junction was reached, and in another abundance of thunder eggs and masses opportunity for members from widely

Spring 2010 | 17 separated clubs to meet exploratory expeditions. and exchange notes and In this sense only, the experiences. Besides that we ...the majority, the whole trip original intentions of the just plain enjoyed ourselves was an expedition into new camp were, perhaps, not and each other's company. At completely fulflled. Then times this became downright and interesting territory. again, to the majority, hilarious and a large amount of the whole trip was an flm went to record it all. expedition into new and Although the rewards in but we did see plenty of indication interesting territory. terms of rocks may not have measured that the area holds a variety of Much credit is due to Jack Sankey up to everyone's expectations, we interesting material. The rugged for the development of the summer all came away with heavy loads nature of some of the terrain, the camp project and for piloting it consisting mainly of thunder eggs. reluctance to expend our marginal through to its successful realization in As in a lot of other places, the really gas supplies and the hot weather the Empire Valley Camp, good specimens are relatively few, conspired to hold us back from truly

Eugenio has translated the recipe "Venetian manuscript"); it is shorter (written in ancient Italian) as follows: than the other, but again reports the Historical Take the albumen of an egg, an put use of egg albumen inserted into a it in a glass. Then take a piece of gut piece of gut and boiled. He added a of an ox or of a pig; clean the gut and tip: "You can paint the material, then Amber turn it inside out; put the albumen you may add other albumen inside and tie the gut; boil for a little, and repeat the procedure". How to Make then take out the albumen that will (Who knows that in this way one Amber be solid, cut it in the shape you want, would have embedded also some This page comes from Eugenio Ragazzi, a grease with linseed (fax) oil and insect inclusion!). Professor at the University of Padua in Italy. expose to the sunlight. Grease again The exact recipe in Italian A 'recent' book, published in 1991 and expose to the sun for 6 days. The written by Leonardo: "Per fare ambra (author Bianca Silvia Tosatti, see more linseed oil you add, the more adiasparata, togli chiara d'ovo e falla reference at the bottom of this page) the "amber" will become coloured; the mettere in un budello e la bolli; discusses an ancient manuscript, more it stays under the sunlight, the indurita che e' dipingi le macchie, poi named "Manoscritto Veneziano" more strong it will become. la rivesti d'altra chiara e rimmetti in (Venetian Manuscript) found in It's a very strange method to make un maggior budello". My word-for- the British Library, London, written amber, isn't it? (alternative to the word translation: "To make amber around 1424-1456. It is in ancient "amber candy" way!!) "adiasparata(?)", take the white of Italian and partly in Latin. I have read also of another very an egg and put in a gut and boil; The original frontispiece has hand- similar method reported in an article when it is hardened, paint spots, then written words in *ancient* English appeared in the Italian scientifc cover with other white of egg and (added more lately, probably in the Journal, La Chimica e l'Iindustria L put again in a larger gut". The word 17th century): "An anchant writen Reti, "Le arti chimiche di Leonardo "adiasparata" is not modern Italian Booke" and "Receitts & directions in Da Vinci", XXXIV (12), pp. 721-743, and I'm not sure what it does mean; it curing diseases, dying, making glasse, 1952. This goes over a review of the may be "like jasper"? sope, etc., most part in Italian". chemical arts of the famous ancient I also found in the same review, Interestingly, a few lines present: scientist Leonardo Da Vinci. a quotation of an "Amber varnish" "A fare ambro", that was translated The Codex in which there is ("Vernice d'ambra") suggested by in ancient English "To mak Amber". Leonardo's recipe for making amber Leonardo Da Vinci in another Codex, There is an accurate description of is "Codex Forster III, fol. 33v. (dated called Atl. 79 r.b. (written about a method to prepare a "synthetic" 1490-1495) Leonardo wrote his recipe in 1490). It Probably is the type of material resembling amber! (looking at the date, Leonardo's recipe varnish for painting. No further details might have been copied from the were presented in the article. 18 | B.C. Rockhounder the story goes, Kuntz was smitten by this obscure gem and fell in love. An Introduction and It certainly true that Mr. Kuntz did much to actively promote the use of tourmaline in jewellery and as a History of Tourmaline collector's object d'art. by Rona Johnston, A.G. (C.I.G.), Winnipeg However, it was during and after the Second World War, Uvite (black/brown/dull greenish) are All stages of imaginable colour that the demand for tourmaline rarely of gem quality and generally possibilities are captured by this became signifcant. It was used in less colourful make-up. Buergerite gemstone which, in addition to white the production of pressure sensitive is a bronzy brown. Achroite is and black, embraces every hue to be gauges for submarine instrumentation the colourless variety. Nowadays, found in the spectrum, and not only as well as other war equipment. After coloured tourmaline is referred to in pure tones but in all fne nuances the Second World War, German by descriptive adjectives. The bi/ of innumerable shades, transition, immigration was strong and steady in tri-coloured specimens have always and mixtures. Should a collector set the Minas Gerais State (Brazil), where attracted attention, with the tri- himself the task of amassing all the some of the largest tourmaline mines coloured described as "watermelon", colorings of tourmaline, he would fnd were discovered. These immigrants denoting the various shades of pink, a lifetime insuffcient to incorporate brought with them close ties to Idar- white and green. It would appear the thousands upon thousands of Oberstein (a major gem fashioning that tourmaline was used early on ever differently tinted specimens centre), a familiarity with tourmaline, for carvings. Dietrich3 guestimates into his collection. as well as skills in goldsmithing and that it's use as a decorative stone Tourmaline, is one the most jewellery fabrication. It would appear may be traced back as far as 27 BC fascinating of the gemstones species, that these historical developments, i.e. to 395 AD. It's unusual colouration, incorporating colours from black to the need for quartz/tourmaline crystals as well as it's attractive crystal vivid greens, exhibiting unusual bri/ during the war and their subsequent matrix confguration made it a prized tri colour features. Unlike it's more discovery in the state of Minas Gerais, collectors' item. The Dutch were familiar gem members, corundum created a receptive environment aware of tourmaline as early as 1703 and diamond, little myth or romance for the introduction/production of and utilized it's magnetic qualities to has attached itself to this stone. tourmaline as a popular jewellery remove ash from meerschaum pipes. Though it was named and known as gemstone in North America. "tourmaline" as early as the 1700's, Dietrich relates a story dating back to it's identifcation as an actual species 1780, where the Archduchess Marie- General Physical was only recently. According to R.V. Anne of Austria presented a sizeable Properties: Dietrich, the name "tourmaline" tourmaline specimen (in it's original As mentioned, tourmaline's unique appears to have been derived from crystallographic matrix) to the Duke features make it useful as an industrial the Sinhalese term turmali, which Charles of Lorraine for this collection. material as well as popular in was applied by the ancient Ceylonese So, when did tourmaline become jewellery. Tourmaline is a complex merchants to mixed gemstones of widely known as popular gemstone, Aluminous Borosilicate. It is known unproved identities. with unique features? This is diffcult for strong pleochroism and it's myriad Tourmaline was frst discovered to answer. However, one of the frst of colours. Crystallizing trigonally, it on the Isle of Elba (hence the name proponents, George Kuntz singled out has a refractive index in the 1.624- Elbaite which is still used). This this stone early on in his career as one 1.644 range (Uniaxial negative) and nomenclature is presently used to with interesting possibilities. Gems & a specifc averaging at 3.03. Hardness cover the majority of tourmaline Crystals: From the American Museum varies somewhat, but generally colourings including pink, green, of Natural History4 describes George's occupies the 7 - 7 1/2 range. Elbaite yellow, violet, colourless, etc. introduction to the stone. Apparently crystals are recognizable by their Liddicoatite is often used to describe in 1876, a young man walked into "prismatic form, typically elongated Elbaite material. Black/brownish Tiffany's (where the young George like pencils, with cross-sections material is known as "Schorl", red Kuntz was employed) and showed that range between hexagonal and as "Rubellite", blue as "Indicolite", Charles Tiffany a beautiful green trigonal".6 Two-phase, elongated, green as "Verdelite". Dravite and stone with strong pleochroism. As Spring 2010 | 19 irregular inclusions can be observed that observed through the side This material possesses only singular in red, green and blue material. of the crystal. Lapidaries use this polar axis of symmetry. Tourmaline Tourmaline has also been found in information when cutting gem was observed to conduct effectively minerals such as apatite, fuorite, material and can excercise some across it's long axis (c). When plagioclase, rutile, zircon (to name a control over the appearance. Gems tourmaline crystals are heated, a few) as material in inclusions. cut from crystals with great depth positive charge develops at one The colour of this remarkable of colour should be cut parallel to and a negative charge at the other. gem is primarily the result of the c (prism axis), whereas those These charges reverse themselves substitutions of transition elements with pale coloration, may exhibit when the crystal cools. This is for other metals. As noted, acceptable colour if cut with the referred to as a pyroelectric property. tourmaline has the largest colour table perpendicular to c. A piezoelectric charge can be representation in the gem world. developed if pressure is applied With stones spanning the entire to the ends of the crystal. colour spectrum from black to pink. At one time, it was thought Schorl (black tourmaline) Few generalities relating to colour from Sri Lanka and Zaire apply, though pink is usually due that the geographic location show no pyroelectricity and to the presence of manganese, blue determined the precise only weak piezoelectricity. and green to ferrous oxide and iron. Pyroelectricity was Chromium or Vanadium may also colouration of the material. observed as early as 1703. be present in the colour green. We know this as records the formula X Y3 z6 B3 Si6 O27 existing indicating that (O7, OH, F) 4 has been generally Rare Alexandrite-like tourmaline the Dutch referred to the stone as accepted as encompassing all have been found. Their daylight the aschentrekker' or ash drawer. elements found in the tourmaline colouring is yellowish/brown green Dietrich states10 that Jacques and group. Heating and irradiation turning red under evening light. Pierre Curie identifed tourmaline's have been used to improve/create Chatoyancy is a feature in some piezoelectric ability during colour change, however these tourmaline and is the result of studies conducted in the latter methods have not always produced crystals growing fuid-flled tubes to part of the 1800's. True and false permanent results. the long, prismatic axis. pyroelectricity was noted for this Colour zoning occurs in most material during the experiments. multi-coloured tourmaline. At Optical & Electrical False pyroelectricity is actually one time, it was thought that the Properties piezoelectricity as it is caused by geographic location determined the Richly coloured tourmaline plane- mechanical application of stress precise colouration of the material. polarizes light with an effect that rather than stress due to However, this is no longer a hard is immediately visible under the natural forces. and fast rule. Colour zoning may microscope. Dietrich notes that a Tourmaline has been used be an obvious gradation as in the number of individuals such as Du as a calibration standard for "watermelon" material, where the Bois-Reymond & Schaefer (1908), the manometer (because of it's external zone is very different than Seebeck (1813), and Marx (1827) piezoelectricity). It was also used the internal zone. all were familiar with this quality as a standard to check possible Dietrich7 states that a common of polarization. Marx developed effects of water soluble boron in occurrence for Elabaite crystals tongs which had two thin slices of mixed fertilizers. is "green near and including tourmaline cut parallel to c axis the analogus end, pink, near and mounted so they would polarize Formation: and including the antilogus end and refect light. These tongs were Tourmaline is found in igneous and early colorless through an utilized by the jewellery trade to and metamorphic rocks "as an intervening zone." distinguish between isotropic and accessory mineral but rarely of Tourmaline, as noted are strongly anisotrophic gem material. gem quality". The most common pleochroic and when viewed along Tourmaline's electrical properties occurrence of gem material is the prism axis the colour is deeper have been found to be "directionally found in granitic pegmatite dikes and may appear different from dependent of dielectric constants."9 and is usually accompanied by topaz, kunzite, beryl, etc. The term 20 | B.C. Rockhounder "pegmatite dikes" was coined by addition to experiencing signifcant owned land, as long as permission the French Mineralogist, Hauy, to alteration. This situation produces is given. The worker is expected to "describe geometric intergrowth of extremely large minerals, sometimes pay anywhere from 10 to 50 percent feldspar, quartz, and mica several meters in size. royalty to the landowner. that petrologists today call Granitic pegmatites occur graphic granite." all over the world, according to Major Producing Mines In Pegmatite is a "dikelike" body of research sources. However, only South & North America: once molten rock, which usually a few contain, good quality, gem- Though tourmaline has been contains large crystals as well as bearing material. Primary sources for found in parts of Africa, the Ural rare minerals. "Gem minerals are tourmaline are the U.S.A. (Maine Mountains and other European the result of the incorporation into & California); the Ural Mountains; locations, however some of the most the pegmatite of rare elements that Mozambique; Nigeria and the exciting fnds have been established are unable to ft into the crystal Afghanistan. The most important in North and South America. The structure of quartz, feldspar, and sources are found in South America, largest, gem-quality tourmaline mica that make up the bulk of specifcally in the state of Minas mines have been discovered in the pegmatite." Gerais (Brazil). Authorities such Brazil, in the State of Minas Gerais. These rare elements have been as Keller and Dietrich note that The most signifcant localities are identifed as beryllium, lithium, this area has yielded the greatest the Cruzeiro, Golconda, Virgem boron, manganese, phosphorus and amount of gem-bearing material. da Lapa and Itatiaia (Jonas) mines. fuorine. Pegmatites can be classifed Mining the pegmatitic belt is The Cruzeiro mine is famous for into three types - simple, zoned and very diffcult due to erosion and its consistency of quality and the complex. Simple pegmatite consists weathering of the surrounding area. proliferation of superior material. of the elements already mentioned. Most mining activity is done by Tourmalines from this area are Zoned includes these elements gamperios, itinerant miners who use excellent examples of complex and also exhibits distinct zoning picks, shovels and other hand-held zoned pegmatites. (tourmaline). Complex pegmatite tools. Gamperios are licensed and The Golconda district boasts share all these characteristics in may work on private or publically three mines, producing bi-coloured

B.C. Advertising by dealers enables us to provide this publication at a reasonable price. Rockhounder Please support them! Tell them you saw their ad in the BC Rochounder.

Name: Date: /2010 E-Mail: Phone:

Mailing Address: City: Province: Postal Code:

Billing Address: City: Province: Postal Code:

A Gift Subscription?

Enclosed is $______for ______year(s) subscription. ($14.00 + $8.00 postage CDN/year) (For US mailing postage is $16.00 CDN/year) Mail to: The British Columbia Rockhounder 2752 McCurdy Place Abbotsford, BC Please make cheque/money order payable to: V2T 5L2 British Columbia Lapidary Society 2010 Order Form

Spring 2010 | 21 pink/green tourmalines. Mining describes the geological expedition the green colour is "nearly unique". in this area is heavily mechanized. of Elijah L. Hamllin and Ezekial The Dutton Mine in particular Other gems found are Tantalite, Holmes, in 1820 which led them is famous for it's "apple-green" Albite, Muscovite, Garnet and to an accidental discovery of a fne, material, similar to the green and Beryl. The mines in this district are transparent tourmaline crystal at blue-green crystals from Southwest famous for producing millions of Mount Mica near, Paris, Maine. Africa.16 The re-opening of the carats of fnd blue-green, green and During the latter part of that Tourmaline Queen Mines at Pala, in rose-coloured material, the century, mining operations yielded San Diego County has yielded some majority of which was exhumed beautiful green and blue material. exceptional pink and blue material. from 1961-1967. Though gem material was Another notable fnd in the Virgem da Lapa is one of the discovered in the 1800's, it wasn't 1980's was Paraiba, Brazil which most famous pegmatite sources in until 195915 , that new mining yielded some new and atypical all of Brazil. During the 1970's yield activity in Oxford Country (Maine) offerings. Tourmalines of a medium was great, producing extraordinary and San Diego County (California) bluish-green to medium blue-green tourmaline as well as aquamarine resulted in the production of were found as well as dark violetish- and blue topaz crystals. vast quantities of commercially blue and purple. Itatiaia (Jonas) mine is another acceptable material. In 1972, the signifcant occurrence. The Jonas Dutton Mine in Newry, Maine Fashioning: mine is known for it's fne cranberry established itself as one of the largest The majority of fne-cut tourmaline coloured material and has produced fnds on record ever and for a brief is faceted, with the exception of crystals of phenomenal size period of time, became a world- chatoyant material which is cut en (several meters). source of superior quality red and cabochon. Tourmaline is a Type II North America has important in green tourmaline. stone (under the North American recent years as a infuential centre According to John Sinkankas, Colour Grading System), which of tourmaline production. Gem (author of Gemstones of North indicates that it is usually included.' quality stones were discovered early America), the quality of the Prevalent cuts are the table-cut, in the 1800's. George F. Kuntz14 material is superb who notes that low step-cut, mixed-cut (modifed

Mountain Gems Ltd. Lapidary & Jewellery Supplies /FX

6TFE
&RVJQNFOU

4UFSMJOH
4JMWFS(PME
'JMMFE
.FUBMT
$MBTTFT
JO
4JMWFSTNJUIJOH

8JSFXPSLT
$SZTUBMT
#PPLT
$VU
4UPOFT
.JOFSBMT


)BTUJOHT
4USFFU 1IPOF
 5VFTv4VO
BNvQN #VSOBCZ
#$ 'BY

$MPTFE
.POEBZT
BOE
)PMJEBZT 7$
, 5PMM
'SFF


JOGP!NPVOUBJOHFNTDPN XXXNPVOUBJOHFNTDPN

22 | B.C. Rockhounder brilliant) and the trap cut as well notes that some famous and their better known rivals, for the as the free-form cut. In addition exceptional examples of this stone attention of the buying public. It's to be used in jewellery and as an do exist however. too soon to say. One thing for sure, industrial aide, tourmaline has been Catherine II of Russia was the though, tourmaline will continue to carved by artists into various shapes proud owner of a 255 carat, red, thrill jewellery and gem collectors representing nature, etc. It is not grape-shaped tourmaline pendant. for years to come, with it's own uncommon for cracks in tumbled/ In recent times, stones such as special fascination and mystique. carved pieces to be completely flled the 50.59 carat, blue-green, heart in with wax or plastic to improve shape from Mount Mica have made References their appearance. their way into the hands of various 1. Gubelin, Dr. Edward, C.G., museums. The Governor of Maine F.G.A., The Color Treasury of Will green tourmaline in 1972, was presented with a multi- Gemstones (Thomas Y. Crowell Company: 1975), Pg 96. perhaps become the coloured tourmaline neck-piece, composed of stones from the Newry, 2. Dietrich. R.V., The Tourmaline rival to Emerald? Maine Mine, with the centre stone Group (Van Nostrand Reinhold weighing 24 carats. Company: New York: 1985), Pg.1 As mentioned, tourmaline Jewellery Gemstones: crystals have long been prized by 3. Dietrich, Pg. 191 Coloured tourmaline has been collectors and museums as precious 4. Sofanides, Anna M. & Harlow, fashioned into bracelets, pendants, and unusual examples of gem crystal George E., Gems & Crystals from the rings, earrings and various other confgurations. Individuals such as American Museum of Natural History jewellery accessories. Of the entire George Kuntz, Richard Liddicoat (Simon & Shuster: 1990), Pg. 89 and John Sinkankas have done array of colours, green has become 5. Keller, Peter C., Ph.D., Gemstones much to popularize this stone. extremely popular. Apart from the and Their Origins (Van Nostrand Gemmologists and jewellers of variety and beauty of tourmaine's Reinhold: New York: 1989), Pg. 60 green colourings, price and carat size the 1990's are better acquainted have probably played a role in the with the wide and rich assortment 6. Gubelin, Pg. 60 demand for this particular colour. of tourmaline colors and have 7. Dietrich, Pg. 122 Equivalent size/quality Emerald is at their disposal a plethora of costlier and not as readily available. tests to use, when distinguishing 8. Dietrich, Pg. 185 In South America, where the tourmaline from other similar 9. Dietrich, Pg. 165 majority of gem-quality material coloured minerals. Testing which is 10. Dietrich, Pg. 166 is still found, green tourmaline commonly done includes Refractive is referred to as the "Brazilian Index, use of Spectroscopy, 11. Keller, Pg. 57 Specifc Gravity Testing as well as Emerald". Church leaders here wore 12. Keller, Pg. 57 this stone as a symbol of power and Microscopic Observation of features authority. The brighter, grass-green such as tourmaline's 13. Keller, Pg. 66-68 shade rivals Emerald for desirability strong pleochroism. 14. Kuntz, George F., Gems & of colour and has a higher clarity Tourmaline's Future: Precious Stones of North America grade. The quantity of green stones (Dover Publications Inc: Second The most recent decades have which were mined in the early Edition: 1968), Pg 71-74 days of the Portuguese colonization seen a greater appreciation of this and sent to Portugal mistakenly as remarkable stone in North America. 15. Hurlburt, Carl Jr., & Emerald will probably never Green, blue, red, as well as bi/tri- Kammerling, R.C., Gemmology (John be known. colour stones can be found in quality Wiley & Sons Inc.: New York: 1991), Like the infamous Black Prince jewellery shops alongside Diamond, Pg. 263 Ruby, Coloured-Garnet, Tanzanite Ruby (which is actually a spine), 16. Sinkankas, John, Gemstones and other visually stunning gems. coloured tourmaline has often of North America in Two Volumes Will green tourmaline perhaps been identifed as green Beryl or - Volume II, (Van Nostrand - New become the rival to Emerald? Will coloured Corundum, among other York: 1976), Pg. 82- 91 available gem material. Dietrich the other colours of it's family become serious contenders with Spring 2010 | 23 elephant ivory, walrus tusks, whale ivory, mastedon ivories, are on the endangered species lists, so stay away from these. Why? Simply put, it's usually against the law to sell and buy. Although on occasion people selling may have permits. So you have to look for alternate materials: cow horn, antler, soup bone, ivory nuts, shell, plastic and stone. I use a lot of plastic cutting board - "Korion". If you are not artistically inclined, you will need a picture. You can build up a collection by watching the newspapers, ads in newspapers, greeting cards, postcards, any picture that appeals to you. The picture is transferred to the material being scrimmed by tracing with carbon paper or the dot method. It is then sprayed with a fxitive like Myston to prevent the picture from being wiped off as you work. It also Scrimshaw helps fll any scratches you have missed when polishing. by Paul Milo truly represented by the traditional You then use a sharp point to artists following directly in the Scrimshaw is a traditional art scratch the picture into the surface of whalers footsteps in capturing form that has as its foundation the the material. Shading is accomplished the nautical scenes. Yankee whaling feet of 150-200 by a series of parallel lines, the closer What about other artists that use years ago. The folk art of these the lines the darker the shading. Lines the same art form to create big game early scrimshanders provides the of varying depth also give you light to animals, birds, or those specializing cornerstone of much of the scrimshaw dark. To see how you are progressing, in fantasy themes... wizards, myths, created today. The traditional design at varying times, black ink (India Ink) sea serpents, etc. Are none of these and technique show nautical designs is placed in the engraved lines. More talented artists creating scrimshaw? that follow the course of its sea faring lines may be needed to darken areas According to this narrow position, no, origins. Marine mammals, wharf for greater shading. Excess ink can they are not. What they are creating scenes, battles at sea, and whaling be taken off with a damp cloth. Most might be called engravings as opposed episodes are common motifs in this of us "spit on a kleenex". The whole to SCRIMSHAW, the traditional school of design. picture can then be cleaned with nautical artform. Simply put, scrimshaw has come alcohol, although I fnd this lightens There are so many scrimmers doing to mean the engraving or carving the picture too much. The whole both types of the art that I call it all of ivory or bone. Another opinion picture is then polished with trewax. scrimshaw. If you enjoy it, or its a fne says, "scrimshaw is the term used to Because every scratch in the surface piece of art, and it is well done, who describe the various implements, of the material will take ink, it is cares what category you put it under. both decorative and functional important that the surface be scratch I'm from the west. I do western crafted by these sailors of the free. To smooth the surface fles will scenes, animals, birds, or anything American whaling feet." be needed to take the rough outside that appeals to me. I do scrimshaw. I Since there is no longer an ridges of the antler down. 400 grit am a scrimshander. American whaling feet in existence, abrasive papers are then used to take does that mean there is no longer How To Do Scrimshaw the fle marks down. 600 grit is used scrimshaw being made? No! Most of the natural materials, ie. to pre-polish, followed by Zam on a Contemporary scrimshaw is most 24 | B.C. Rockhounder cotton buff. The fnal high polish Shading is done by two methods: Advantage: is done with white rouge on a t
Lines easily follow the flow of cotton buff. Stipple Method: the picture The use of dots instead of lines. For a scribe I use a pin vice with t
Large pictures can be done a commercial steel sewing machine Advantage: quicker needle. This is kept sharp by fne t
Easy to control t
Less tedious, thus less fatigue honing. If your needle isn't sharp you don't tire as quick your lines will fracture or chip t
Unlimited texture and shading can be accomplished leaving you with fuzzy lines. Disadvantage: The other tools used for Disadvantage: t
Lines may chip when they engraving are old steel gramaphone t
Time consuming cross needles, carbon steel points, drill t
Shading is more difficult steel, exacto knives, anything with a Line Method: to accomplish sharp point. India ink or colored ink A series of parallel lines are cut to is used to fll the engraved lines. Reference: The Second Scrimshaw produce shading. Connection by Bob Engrath

A Yellowknife prospector Naturally, there's a YouTube video has staked claim to an documenting the process by which outcrop of rock more Mark Brown, of Yellowknife, NWT, than 4 billion years old – staked his claim. The Globe and Mail broke the story Monday, the oldest on Earth – and quoting Precambrian expert Sam he’s got some for sale Bowring as skeptical. The super- ancient rock is so intimately mixed Earth's Oldest Rocks: with younger rocks that, Bowring says, it would be "a bit dishonest to Get 'Em While sell it without dating every single piece of rock." That would make the price rather higher than the You Can C$149.99 Brown charges for a hand sample. Canadian prospector has A I have mixed feelings. What registered a claim to the world's Brown has done is no different oldest known rock and is selling from what gem miners have done it piece by piece. The rock is the for centuries. As a result, for Acasta Gneiss, a tiny area of the instance, the amazing zinc minerals Canadian Shield that's been dated of Franklin, New Jersey, are gone. at more than 4 billion years old. Otherwise they'd just be sitting in Although there are many "geoparks" the ground. But we around the world, the New love these things to World has been barren ground death. Obscurity or for this movement. depletion seem to be I hope this will raise some our only choices. consciousness. Finally, it is very Geologic wonders likely that the Acasta gneiss is not are something like really the oldest rock in the world, archaeological just the oldest we've found so far. treasures, but only the When something a little older turns geoheritage movement up, maybe the Friends of Ancient is doing anything Rocks will exist to preserve them for Mark Brown has staked a claim on the world's oldest known rocks to preserve them. a few centuries longer. Spring 2010 | 25 B.C. Rockhounder Around the Clubs

Abbotsford Rock & pick up some lunch items at the Gem Club store. And yogurt for breakfast. We met up with the group at the Trip to Mattawa Abbotsford Rock & Gem Club main boat launch Cliff & Connie. Club Contact: David Williams By Terry Bacon We were very pleased to see us (604) 870-1024 Canadians there. All were very [email protected] April 15 2010 Kelley Mears , Georgina Selinger & I, Terry welcoming and we were reminded Alberni Valley Rock & Gem Club Bacon headed south to meet up that there would be a potluck after Club Contacts: Dave West with the POW WOW group from the feld trips. (250) 723-0281 We lined up into 3 groups there [email protected] Washington State at Mattawa . It was a weekend similar to our were only 4 vehicles in each group, Burnaby Laphounds Club Rendezvous where a group of like we followed Cliff. The other was Club Contact: Nacy Dickson minded rock hounds gather to going to site 2 we were going (604) 444-4464 collect and visit. As it was to the to site 1 and the 3rd was doing [email protected] United States we all needed our exploration. There is some dispute about the claims so one area was out Courtenay Gem & Mineral Club passports. Club Contact: Jack Boyes We met at my place in of bounds. We went up 26SW to (250) 337-8461 Abbotsford, went to Chilliwack to R which splits to the left and leads [email protected] collect Kelley's passport and some into BLM land . We followed the beer. We got to the border around power lines and the road was quite Cowichan Valley Rockhounds good . We kept left at Sl and opened Club Contact: Gene Leavitt 7 pm. And got thru after a few (250) 246-4571 questions on where we planned and closed the gate. Just over the [email protected] on staying without reservations. crest of the hill we stopped. This I hadn't made any as we weren't is desert country and the view was Creative Jewellers Guild of B.C. incredible we were well above the Club Contact: Maria Tomsich sure where we were going to end up (604) 224-1951 anyways. The day was slightly cloudy town and river. [email protected] and a nice traveling temperature. There was plenty of surface The roads were good and we made collecting of petrifed bog. It has Creston Valley Prospectors and great time. Ellensberg by 11:15 pm. many little sticks in it and has a Lapidary Club lot of different colours ranging Club Contact: Wally Remin, We pulled in to Vantage around (250) 428-0413 midnight hoping the only Motel from oranges to browns, yellows, [email protected] there had a room. & occasional reds. Cliff had said if We had a spotty amount of rain we wanted to dig there would been Fraser Valley Rock & Gem Club there which I have never seen as it bigger and better stuff. He had also Club Contact: Robert Brown, desert country along the Columbia said we would be there until around (604) 794 - 7296 River. As it happened the motel was 11 then go to another site. At some [email protected] full but they rented us a 3 bedroom time we lost sight of Kelley and house just down the road. began to wonder if she had fallen ; Hastings Center Rockhounds a man had just stumbled into a big Club Contact: Linda Foy $ 100. So not too bad. The beds (604) 421-1068 were comfortable and we quickly fell hole beside us. Georgina & I called asleep to wake up at sunrise 6:30 . for her and began to search . After As we still were not sure how far we much yelling she came waundering had yet to go we headed out after a over to the truck and Bill said are quick coffee. you Kelley ? Are you one of this Turns out Mattawa is not far from cars group ? Cause I think they are there 13 miles. So we had time to looking for you. She had circled around and took off her coat we 26 | B.C. Rockhounder Spring 2010

were looking for someone in blue that was also included in our $ 7.50 now she had a red shirt on. All was registration what a deal. ! Sunday well, we did not dig up any snakes or we decided that since we had done scorpions , but they had found ticks the 3 main areas on Saddle Mt. We Lakes District Rock & Gem Club on one of the dogs. We proceeded would take in the Yakima show and Club Contact: Leanne Miranda, Cliff even found us someone to 250-698-7337 to site 2 as we had high clearance, [email protected] it was up the road higher and right follow there! at the radio towers. There was a Yakima show was very good the Maple Ridge Lapidary Club couple trucks up there and they were library & museum both participate Club Contact: Walt Pinder digging out a piece about 100 Ibs. with displays .Apx. 15 dealers and (604) 826-2342 We wandered around getting many they were very good priced and had pieces under 6 inches . Again you a lot of different samples and items. Port Moody Rock & Gem Club Club Contact: Andrew Danneffel could dig but we were happy with We willingly parted with some (250) 942-0617 the tumbler size. Cliff then took us money there. Everyone there was to the Red Skin site. The pieces are very friendly and welcoming. There Richmond Gem & Mineral Club were many displays of petrifed Club Contact: Eric Kemp coated in a red skin that polishes (604) 278-5141 up with blood like colour. Cliff woods andsome educational cases. confrmed we could fnd They also had a children's work Ripple Rock Gem & Mineral Club our way back and he headed shop and spin & win which the Club Contact: Emily Faak (250) 337-5724 back to sort out the pot luck. There prizes were rocks . The silent auction [email protected] was a nice breeze that kept the was interesting but I did not spend temperature from getting too high. a lot of time there with so much to Selkirk Rock & Mineral Club We stayed and picked for awhile see with the dealers. They had an Club Contact: Maureen Kromha longer then headed back to fnd the equipment dealer from California (250) 367-9605 Desert Aires motel where we got a 3 which we got a catalog from. We Thompson Valley Rock Club bed room for just under $100. It was had lunch at the Fiesta Club Contact: Derek Neumann, only 3 miles from the camp. Grocery and deli which was very (250)-578-0179 [email protected] We had a nice salad & soup and good. Then we headed home, we rested until just before 5 and went claimed the rocks & the returning Victoria Lapidary & Canadian beer at the border Mineral Society to the potluck. Club Contact: Cameron Speedie, Georgina had brought Cherry no trouble there : arriving back (250) 385-0597 Strudel for our contributions and in Abbotsford by 7 pm what a [email protected] we had brought items for the door wonderful trip. prizes. It was very organized and Many of the people we met Vernon Lapidary & Mineral Club everyone got a prize. The food was will be at Madras this summer so Club Contact: Dale Daignault wonderful along with the company. it’sgoing to be good to connect up (250) 250-6603 [email protected] I found people to deliver the door with them again. prizes from our Gem show so that Yellowhead Lapidary Club was great too. After the prize giving Field Trip to Club Contact: Lita Hansen the party broke up . We did buy Vermillion Bluffs (250) 672-5876 [email protected] some items there that were being By Georgina Selinger sold tail gate stile. We saw some pril 25, 2010 Ray & Georgina For More Information sample s of incredible detailed A Selinger picked up Jean Dyck and about the BC Lapidary Society or intarsia and made connections for a club near you, visit us online Terry Bacon at Terry's house, at 9:15 Merrysville show & sale. We had www.lapidary.bc.ca am, for a feld trip to Vermillion a pancake & sausage breakfast at Bluffs, in Princeton. We drove the camp with the Powwow group Spring 2010 | 27 Around the Clubs Spring 2010 together to Kelley Mear's house in BCLS Wagonmasters Hwy 18 and # 1 Highway, (If you Chilliwack, at which point Terry Fieldtrips are going north, the Esso Station drove with Kelley and her 5 year old is on the right side, you turn left) granddaughter, Chantae. Spring/Summer 2010 Material: rhodonite. Tools Needed: We arrived in Princeton around Field Trip: Whistler hammer, chisel, sledge 11:00 am, and went into the A & Leader: Cam Bacon, Ken McMath W for lunch and a take out snack Road Conditions: 4x4, AND HIGH for later. By 12:00 we were parked Date & Time: June 13th, 9:00 A.M. CLEARANCE are absolutely in the shade of a couple of big trees, necessary, or you will not and headed out to the bluffs, via the Meeting Place: Squamish A & W Canada Trail. To where we started Material: quartz crystals make it up the hill! The road is collecting is about 3 kms, all fat Tools Needed: sledge, chisels, trenched and the bushes are walking. By 1:00 our noses were to hammer, rake. Road Conditions: growing in. the ground like a pack of hounds. good gravel The weather was warm and Contact: Contact: Bob or De Morgan sunny, with enough breeze to keep Cam Bacon 604-854-1711 or 604-599-6938, E mail: us cool and not over heated. Ken McMath 604-870-0467, Jean found the prize of the day s always, any US rockhounds in a greyish loaf sized piece of agate, A Field Trip: Princeton good standing with their clubs are which looks like it is all agate, not Leader: Cam Bacon invited to join our feld trips! Also, just seams. We're anxious to cut please see what the Washington it into slabs and make some cabs. Date & Time: State Mineral Council has for trips, Kelley, Terry & Georgina all found Sunday, July 6. 2010 just in case something interests you! smaller pieces of agate, calcite and Meeting Place: Princeton A&W, Washington State Mineral Council what looks to be common opal. Ray leave the A&W at 9AM For those of you who subscribe found a really beautiful blue piece Material: amber (fuoresces blue) to Rock and Gem Magazine, the that is the color of laramar, and Contact: March edition had an article not being the hound in the family, Cam Bacon 604-854-1711 about collecting carnelian on felt he found the prize of the day! Weyerhaeuser lands in Washington, It is really a beautiful piece, which Field Trip: Hill 60, just north of at a location called “Lucas Creek”. hopefully can be polished by his Duncan on Vancouver Island Please note that this area is closed wife, the family hound. Leaders: Bob and De Morgan to collecting, and Weyerhaeuser has On the walk back, Georgina posted the area. Newstand editions and Jean picked up a couple of Date & Time: September 26th, 10:00 A.M. may not have this article. Please see small pieces of ocher for specimens. the above Mineral Council web site Georgina also found a nice large Meeting Place: park & ride, 1 block for other trips to collect carnelian. piece of jasper, which will hopefully on the road to Youbou, intersection: also become transformed into cabs. On the drive to Princeton, we saw vultures and eagles. Also 3 or 4 Professional training courses leading deer, and on the way home we saw to “Accredited Gemmologist (C.I.G.)” 21 more deer grazing the felds. We by home study and extension courses also saw 2 black bear on the side of t%JBNPOE
&YQFSU
$*(
$FSUJmDBUF the road. They both looked chubby t'JOF
+FXFMMFSZ
"QQSBJTFS
1SPHSBN and had lovely full coats. Another t(FN
4UVEZ
5PVST successful, pleasant and fun day with For more details visit our website at www.cigem.ca great friends ended about 7:30 pm. or write to C.I.G. PO Box 57010, Vancouver BC, V5K 5G6 604-530-8569 toll free: 1-800-294-2211

28 | B.C. Rockhounder Around the Clubs Spring 2010

Burnaby Laphounds the items made by Gordon Club were projects for the Creative A number of the items Jewelers Guild. Thank you There was a club feld trip again, Gordon and Bobbie to Oakridge Mall to see the made by Gordon were for sharing your beautiful documentary on China, “Up the projects for the Creative creations with us. Yangtze”, on Feb 3. The seven The March program was member group enjoyed the flm and Jewelers Guild. a video on Russian Gem dinner at the White Spot after. Treasures, from the interiors Gordon and Roberta Calderwood of Russian Palaces, crowns, gave us a Show and Tell at the Roberta, pendants, rings, belt septars, precious stones February meeting of some of their buckles, enamelling, wood inlay, from the Diamond fund and other personal treasures. These treasures silver Scottish pins, cabachons, wire museums. We saw some outstanding were all created by Gordon and wrap and faceting. A number of gems and jewelry.

Interesting Websites www.mineralienseite.de/Anleitungen/Taking_Photographs_of_Minerals_and_Gemstones.pdf Some really neat tips for taking pictures of : rocks, minerals, crystals gems.

www.mineraltown.com/wallpaper.php Interesting site with free wallpapers you can download.

www.jewelryplus.net/info/gemstone_reference.html Very good information about gemstones

www.benchtube.com BenchTube - Jewelry Making Videos. BenchTube is Ganoksin video sharing area for jewelers and metalsmiths (and for those interested in jewelry and gemstones). Participation is absolutely free!

Club Members may place a free classified ad in the Send your ad to: Win Robertson B.C. 250-376-4878 Rockhounder E mail:[email protected]

Spring 2010 | 29 Around the Clubs Spring 2010

High Country rocks and Desiree, Nancy, and Jan cabachon. Elaine and Pam worked Rockhound Club glued the rocks onto the boards for with the students showing them them. There were fossils from the interesting properties of rocks, such The Logan Lake High Country McAbee claims (a big thank-you to as how pumice is so light it foats on Rockhound Club participated Dave Langevin) that the students water, magnetite, a dark rock that at the annual KEG (Kamloops were able to go through and pick a magnet will stick to, and ulexite Exploration Group) conference as out their prize fossil specimen to or tv stone, that when placed over part of the Junior Delegate program keep. Bruce Ritcey brought in large words, the words look like theycome (a children's program) on Tuesday rock specimens for the kids to view. to the surface of the rock. April 6th. The club had 70+ As well, he donated a large piece of The students enjoyed their time students, ranging from grade 4-7, petrifed wood for a door prize for with the rockhounding club and the stop at their station. Goups of 12 the students (won by Owen - rockhounding club enjoyed showing children spent a half hour with the he was estatic). the students all about rocks and the club participating in lots of From the mineral boards, art of lapidary! fun activities. the children went to see a The frst activity was creating demonstration on cabbing. Jim and rock boards with 12 local rocks. The Dan took turns showing the students students picked out their chosen how to use the pixie to create a

"The club had 70+ students, ranging from grade 4-7, stop at their station."

30 | B.C. Rockhounder Around the Clubs Spring 2010

Port Moody Rock & As the sun slid behind a sugar loaf rewarding experience. Gem Club hill at noon, we made our way back We had one of the highest to our vehicles for lunch and to warm attendance rates for us ever, with Back in the (Rockhunting) Saddle up. Emma and sister Lucy also found over a thousand people and we are Again: Yale Bar Field trip 2010 nice-sized yellow agates and other only counting the ones that received by Rose Kapp interesting stones. Comments were attendance tickets at the door. Money made about my bucket with wise, we also saw a very good result. If I've been a member of the Port few stones. some stations were not has proftable Moody Rock Club for over 13 Quality, I said, not quantity. as in the past, the expenses were also years but never went on a hunting We headed back along highway 7, not as high, for we where able to use expedition. I went on feld trips in making a stop to pick up some slab surplus items from previous shows, and my youth, as my father surrendered granite for an inukshuk and then other stations doubled what they had to the fever and family vacations stopping at the Wahleech Barr for made the year before so that balanced evolved into stone excursions with the a look-see. A few other people were out the numbers. All we can say is Edmonton Tumblewood Club. But as I there poking around, but little of that if we are able to keep up with became older, rock interest fell by the interest was found. these numbers in the future, we wayside as music, boys, marriage and A lovely outing for all in the early will do fne! parenthood took over. I didn’t know spring sunshine. For myself, Our show seems to be all about how rusty I would be as I scrambled a wonderful re-discovery on the the people. We are focused on how to into Lynne Johnston’s vehicle joys of being outside rockhunting make it a memorable experience for February 21, 2010 for the with friends. those that take the time to pay us a trip up river. visit. We thrive on being able to come Lynne, Lisete and I had a lovely up with new ideas for kids and adults chatty time during the sunny morning Port Moody alike. We had new items, new vendors drive. We were a little late when Gets Petrified! and a new menu! we arrived, with most of our fellow Annual Rock & Gem Show I would like to take this rockhounds already far up the Yale article by Lisete Cerqueira opportunity to express my sense Barr. Everyone was spread out but it of pride for being one of you! A was a good turnout. The Port Moody Rock & Gem Club heart-felt thank you to everyone who River mud covered the rounded membership might be a small group, participated either contributing with stones closer to the water, but there but they don’t seem to realize this fact. time or ideas for the show. were cleaner pickings a few steps Every year they put together a show Let me make it clear, many people inward. The markings on the stones larger than what one would expect were impressed with both the show’s were lovely and most were tempted to possible from such attendance and quality, bring these larger rocks home just to a small group of but it was because it admire them on table tops or in their individuals. It It truly is a David had been the result gardens. Other, more serious types, truly is a David of the work of many, were only interested in gleaning the vs Goliath kind of vs Goliath kind whose help and hard agates, jaspers and the occasional jade. of experience, experience, but work made it possible Much to my delight, I discovered but they not to successfully put the I still had the nose for rocks as I they not only make only make it, show together. bent down and dislodged a fair-sized they excel at it! it, they excel at it! I’m not able to put orange agate from under a boulder. First times down all the names of I kept thinking how I was going to can be diffcult, those who worked for relate my story to my 86 year old dad but most certainly memorable. The the show because some of you I had back in Edmonton. I knew he would 2009 show was my frst, not only as not seen before and do not know all be laughing as I told him I took after the chair-person, but of actually seeing your names, but rest assured, my thank him, fnding good stones where others a rock and gem show, and I assure you note is for you too! had just passed over. you I will not forget it! It was a most Spring 2010 | 31 Around the Clubs Spring 2010

Richmond Gem & Mineral Club BC Gem Show

After having the opportunity to enjoy the displaysand wander the stalls of the dealers, I would like to congratulate all the club members who participated as volunteers and who put in a display for all to see. Some of our members were proudly anyone out), met at the church displaying their work in the form of parking lot on the old Island Hwy bola ties and the green malachite just south of the Oyster River bridge. of Eric Kemp’s bola tie was We walked down a short steep path Telus & Science World outstanding, but Frank’s was bigger. to the rivers gravel bars and began Community Science Fair David’s extremely large lapis lazuli our search for treasure. Gordon set Barb Akelaitis pendant looks spectacular on him. to work picking small pebbles to Good work, my friend! My other tumble for grab bags and the rest of It was raining buckets on Saturday, friend was also thrilled with her us spread out to see what we could Feb. 13, but that didn’t stop purchase of a huge Australian opal gather. There were fower stones, crowds of people from attending pendant for a very reasonable price. dalisite, pudding stone, some banded the community science fair. Chris Laurin, our President, says chert and an assortment of other Timberline School was electric “Many thanks to those volunteers rocks. After everyone had their with experiments, exhibitions, and who contributed their time and quota we headed for lunch at the excitement. The Ripple Rock Gem efforts to make the Big Show an Oyster Bay rest stop with its picnic and Mineral Club exhibit was very enjoyable experience for so many. tables and washrooms ( a big plus well attended and our visitors were And also thanks to those who put up for some of us!! ). I heated up a big interested and inquisitive. Charlie display cases. We had a nice showing pot of homemade beef stew while said that he had never talked so and I hope everyone enjoyed everyone headed out to check the much in his life. themselves!”. I also heard that Chris beach for more rocks. Charlie’s Moh Hardness Scale spent a lot of her time trying to During lunch Anne gave me her exhibit and Gordon Billings fnd the perfect rocks for her next membership fee... Welcome to the Faceted Gemstones created a lot of set of cabochons, and that she club Anne! Also two former was very successful. members bumped into us and rejoined... Welcome Ripple Rock Gem back Lynne and Ron Sale! & Mineral Club After a coffee and dessert of apple pie everyone headed Oyster River Field Trip, home with their fnds. We Feb. 6, 2010 were all a little wet around by Dorothy Young the edges but had a good With a light rain falling off and time. I dropped of the on eleven of us; Kathy, Gordon, remaining stew and pies Gordon, Beba, Aden, Margaret, to Charlies where it was Charlotte, Harlow, Alvin, Anne, gobbled up on Sunday at and myself (hope I haven't left the soapstone carving class.

32 | B.C. Rockhounder Around the Clubs Spring 2010

properties of local rocks that they might fnd on the beach. Every student made an Inukshuk to take home. This was the most popular activity as the Olympics were only a few weeks away. The students were curious and attentive and we enjoyed working with them. If any club members excitement. To Gordon’s dismay, would like to be part of the the children all wanted to touch club’s education program, please his beautiful gems. Liz Wilson and call Barb or Beba. daughter Megan demonstrated Norma Wolfe soapstone carving while Rob Surrey Rockhound Johnson and Joyce Pelletier were Club kept busy answering questions from the crowds. The visitors to our In Memory of Norma Wolfe exhibit were enthusiastic and most went away with our club and show Norma and her husband Don the many school classes that have information. Thank-you to the club joined the Surrey Club in 1984 and visited the Surrey workshop. members who came to demonstrate recently became a member of the Norma and Don were avid and talk to the public about our club “Silver Anniversary Club” having Snowbirds and spent much of every and its activities. been a member for a quarter of a winter down South in the Quartzite century. They became active in area with a large number of the Rock Club Community Outreach the BC Society, where Norma was Surrey Club and others. They also Publicity Chair for a number of years attended a number of other events Barb Akelaitis and Don looked after the PA system, across the line with the “Group”. February has been community at meetings and the BC Show. Norma passed away on April 6th, outreach month for the Ripple Rock Norma learned Wire 2010 in her 91st year, after a lengthy Gem and Mineral Club. On Darlene Wrapping some years ago and has illness. She will be greatly missed started the class by presenting a demonstrated that at her own Show by all her friends in the Surrey Club power point show on “Identifying and the BC Show. And also to and indeed in the BC Society. and Classifying Vancouver Island Rocks into Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic Groups”. Joey made his debut as our student ambassador with a great presentation on lapidary art and hand faceting. Then, he moved on the help the students with Dennis Cambrey’s “Vancouver Island Map Rock Recognition Game”. The students learned about rock hounding and rock hounding equipment from Beba. Barb helped them to identify

Spring 2010 | 33 Around the Clubs Spring 2010

Thompson Valley Rock Club by Royanna

Just a quick note as not much to report. The Abbotsford Gem show For Sale was great. I have never seen so many Crystals in one place in all my life. 24 inch Diamond The trip to Scottie Creek was good too. I think everybody went home Lapidary Saw with some kind of rock, or should I say treasure. A precision Unit C/W Ball Bearing The hotdogs were good, the Carriage riding on 1 1/4 inch rails, campfre was fun and the icing on positive screw feed, Auto shut the cake was the Happy Birthday cake and song for Marvin. 75 years off, Over ride protection (slipping old and you only look and at 60. Clutch), Large cross feed vice, How do you do it? Happy birthday again Marvin. 1/2 HP Motor, Extra Blade & Rumour has it we have found a Accessories enables cutting of replacement for Pam as Secretary, any shape rock. so I hope you can come to the next meeting to fnd out who it is. I’m I`ll clean it out. sure you’ll be as happy as I am. Everything else is running along smoothly. The rock shop is jumping $600 with lots turning out on Saturdays. Also Obsidian and Ocean picture Rock trip chatter… rock $1 per pound Scotty Creek, April 18th “The feld Rough rock 50 cents per pound. trip yesterday was excellent! We had about 10 kids show up, ranging from Montana Agate $1.50 per pound. age 4 to 12. Everyone had so much fun, especially the kids (so much Brazilian Agate, Sliced Geodes, enthusiasm!). We found quartz prices as marked. crystals, mainly drusy, a little bit of jasper and some selenite crystals. 1 piece of Mastodon Ivory, partial The hot dogs and all the food broken tusk 5.58 lbs, $50 was wonderful. We (Jack, Helen, Justine and I) had planted a TVRC Contact geocache at the site last Monday, so John Doyle 1120 Club Kelowna the kids had a great time learning 250-763-8015 about geocaching with Justine. Wish you could have been there!

34 | B.C. Rockhounder Club Shows Spring and Summer 2010

CREATIVE JEWELLERS SHUSWAP ROCK CLUB GUILD of BC Show & Sale/Open House Open House July 10, 2010, 9am - 4pm June 5, Saturday, 10 am - 4 pm Toad Hall, Trans Canada Hwy, Sorrento, BC Richmond Cultural Centre 7700 Minoru Gate, Admission is Free Richmond, BC, In the Atrium on the Main Floor Contact Pat Boden at 250-675-2849 Featuring demonstrations including: Setting Small Stones, Silversmithing, Plannishing & Chasing, Lampworking & much more Admission: Free Contact persons: Ken McIntosh 604-599-6789 THE 1120 ROCK CLUB of KELOWNA or Guenther Otto 604-687-6071 and THE VERNON LAPIDARY & MINERAL CLUB 4th Annual Okanagon Gem Show THE GEM AND MINERAL featuring "Fossils, Footprints of the Ages" FEDERATION OF CANADA July 17 & 18, 2010 RIPPLE ROCK GEM and MINERAL CLUB Winfeld Memorial Hall, 21st ANNUAL SHOW 3270 Berry Road, Winfeld, BC Saturday June 12th 2010 - 10am.-5pm Sat. - 9am - 5pm, Sun. 10am - 4pm Sunday June 13th 2010-10am-4pm Adults - $4.00 Children 12 & under - $2.00 Timberline School Gymnasium, For more information contact: Dave Barclay: 1681 South Dogwood Street, Campbell River, B.C. 250-766-4353, E mail: [email protected] Adults $2.00, Children under 12 free Ken Dewerson: 250-707-0618, (accompanied by an adult.) E mail: [email protected] Contact: Gordon Billings, 250-286-6600 Or e mail: [email protected]

RAFT RIVER ROCKHOUNDS INTERIOR ZONE TAILGATE SALE 1st Annual Club Show Tailgate Sale July 1, 2010 September 18, 2010, 9am - 4pm Thurs. July 1, 11AM - 3PM Swan Lake Nurseryland, Hwy 97, Vernon, BC Watauga Villiage, 734 Clearwater Village Road, Jewellery, Beads, Crystals, Rocks & Used Equipment Clearwater, BC For more information contact: Fran Brooks, 250- Gold Panning, Rock Painting, Pik your Gemstone, 546-0177, or Gloria Bordass 250-493-1097 BBQ, Silent Auction, Guess the Stones, Information Booth and More Small Fee to participate in Events FUN FOR THE WHOLE FAMILY For more information contact: Louise or Fay at 250-674-0085

Spring 2010 | 35 Spring and Summer 2010 Club Shows

FRASER VALLEY ROCK PORT MOODY ROCK & GEM CLUB & GEM CLUB Saturday October 23 & Sunday October 24, 10am-5pm both days 50th Annual Rock & Gem Show 2010 Annual Gem Show Presents September 25 & 26, 2010 "The Secret Life of Stones" Featuring "Keep on Rockin!" Saturday & Sunday 10am – 5pm, Kyle Centre, 125 Kyle Street, Port Moody, BC Old Age Pensioners Hall 3015 273 Street, Featuring: Over 12 dealers, Sales / Marketplace, Displays, Aldergrove, BC Demonstrations, Prize Draws Lapidary Workshop Tour, Demonstrations, Displays, Dealers, Help us celebrate our Cabochon Tournament, Holistic Healing Kids' Creative 50th Anniversary. Admission by donation Workshop, Rock Smash Silent Auction, Spin 'n Win, For more information contact: Grab Bags, Food & Beverages Karen Archibald, 604-532-8734 Admission by Donation Contact Lisete Cerqueira 604-7885101

SURREY ROCKHOUND CLUB VERNON LAPIDARY Annual Rock & Gem Show & MINERAL CLUB October 16 & 17, 2010 Mall Show & Sale Saturday & Sunday 10am – 5pm, November 5 & 6, 2010 Sullivan Hall, 6302 152 Street, Surrey, BC Village Green Mall, 27 Street & 48 Avenue, Vernon, BC Demonstrations, Displays, Dealers, For more information contact: Hourly Door Prize, Kids Creative Corner Snack Bar open Dale at 250-260-6603 during the Show. Admission by donation For more information contact: Alice Clarke, 604-584,5592

PENTICTON LAPIDARY VERNON LAPIDARY & GEOLOGY CLUB & MINERAL CLUB Mall Show & Sale Mall Show & Sale October 22 & 23, 2010 November 10 & 11, 2010 Friday 10am - 8pm, Saturday 10am - 6pm Villiage Green Mall, 27 Street & 48 Avenue, Vernon, BC Main Street, Penticton, BC For more information contact: For more information contact: Dale at 250-260-6603 Gloria Bordass at 250-493-1027

36 | B.C. Rockhounder