Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Biology: Term 2, Unit 5 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Topic: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Duration: Traditional (50 minute periods): 13 - 17 days (adjust to student needs using professional discretion) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Block (90 minute periods): 6 - 8 days (adjust to student needs using professional discretion) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Eligible Content ​ ​ This is what the State of Pennsylvania wants your students to know and be able to do by the end of the unit. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1. Cell Cycle--BIO.B.1.1.1 Describe the events that occur during the cell cycle: interphase, nuclear division (i.e., mitosis or ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ meiosis), cytokinesis. ​ ​ 2. Mitosis and Meiosis--BIO.B.1.1.2 Compare the processes and outcomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. DNA Replication--BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ conservation of genetic information. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. Genes, Alleles, and Chromosomes--BIO.B.1.2.2 Explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ chromosomes and their roles in inheritance. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Performance Objectives ​ ​ These are examples, created by SDP teachers, of how you may translate the eligible content into learning goals for your ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ classroom.

1. SWBAT use models IOT illustrate the role of the cell cycle, cellular division (mitosis), and differentiation in producing ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ and maintaining complex organisms. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. SWBAT compare mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions IOT differentiate between their processes and outcomes. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. SWBAT describe the process of DNA replication IOT explain the conservation of genetic information. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. SWBAT explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes IOT articulate their roles ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ in inheritance. ​ ​

Key Terms and Definitions ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ All key terms and definitions come from the document Keystone Exams: Biology Assessment Anchors and Eligible Content with ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Sample Questions and Glossary, PDE 2011. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1. Cell Cycle: The series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication. The main phases of the ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ cell cycle are interphase, nuclear division, and cytokinesis. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. Chromosomes: A single piece of coiled DNA and associated proteins found in linear forms in the nucleus of ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ eukaryotic cells and circular forms in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells; contains genes that encode traits. Each species ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ has a characteristic number of chromosomes. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. Crossing-over: An exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during anaphase I of meiosis; ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ contributes to the genetic variability in gametes and ultimately in offspring. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. Cytokinesis: The final phase of a cell cycle resulting in the division of the cytoplasm ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 5. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA): A biological macromolecule that encodes the genetic information for living organisms ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ and is capable of self replication and the synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ - ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6. DNA Replication: the process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself. ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 7. Gamete: a specialized cell (egg or sperm) used in sexual reproduction containing half the normal number of ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ chromosomes of a somatic cell. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 8. Gene recombination: A natural process in which a nucleic acid molecule (usually DNA but can be RNA) is broken and ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ then joined to a different molecule; a result of crossing over. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ - 9. Interphase: The longest lasting phase of the cell cycle in which a cell performs the majority of its functions, such as ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ - ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ preparing for nuclear division and cytokinesis. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 10. Meiosis: A two phase nuclear division that results in the eventual production of gametes with half the normal number ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ - ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ of chromosomes. ​ ​ 11. Mitosis: A nuclear division resulting in the production of two somatic cells having the same genetic complement as ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ the original cell ​ ​ ​ ​ 12. Semiconservative replication: The process in which the DNA molecule uncoils and separates into two strands. Each ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ original strand becomes a template on which a new strand is constructed, resulting in two DNA molecules identical to ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ the original DNA molecule. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Starting Points ​ ​ An overview of how the content and skills of this unit connect to students' prior knowledge. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1. Cell Cycle--BIO.B.1.1.1 ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ Students should already know (from Unit 1) that systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ functions of life. In this unit, students will learn that cellular division and differentiation produce and maintain a complex ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ organism composed of systems of tissues and organs that work together to meet the needs of the whole organism. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. Mitosis and Meiosis--BIO.B.1.1.2 ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ This unit covers both mitosis and meiosis. Students should already know that organisms reproduce, either sexually or ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ asexually, and transfer their genetic information to their offspring. In this unit, they will learn how the replication of DNA before ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ cell division ensures the production of two genetically identical daughter cells and how meiosis leads to the genetic ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ recombination necessary for sexual reproduction. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. DNA Replication--BIO.B.1.2.1 ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ Students may have learned about the role of DNA in Unit 1, and the structure of the DNA molecule (or nucleotides in general) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ in Unit 2,. In this unit students will learn how the structure of DNA allows for it to be easily and accurately replicated. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. Genes, Alleles, and Chromosomes--BIO.B.1.2.2 ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Students should already know that genes are located on chromosomes, but the physical and functional relationships between ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ genes, alleles, DNA, and chromosomes is something most students need to review frequently. By the end of the unit, students ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ should know that each chromosome consists of a single very long DNA molecule, each gene on the chromosome is a particular ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ segment of that DNA, and alleles are different variations of a gene. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1. 1 Instructional Resources ​ ​ Learning activities and resources targeted to the eligible content of this unit. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1. SWBAT use models IOT illustrate the role of the cell cycle, cellular division (mitosis), and differentiation in producing ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ and maintaining complex organisms. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ a. Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis from CK-12. (Video, practice questions) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ b. Cell Cycle tutorial from Cells Alive. Animation, powerpoint, Cancer Cell Cam, worksheets, quiz. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ c. Mitosis: How Each New Cell Gets a Complete Set of Genes from Serendip. In this hands-on activity, students ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ use model chromosomes to simulate mitosis and respond to analysis and discussion questions to further ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ develop their understanding of mitosis. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ d. Control of the Cell Cycle Game from Nobelprize.org. Interactive game illustrating the cell cycle and ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ checkpoints. Worksheet with additional questions by KD Davenport. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ e. Meiosis and Fertilization--Understanding How Genes Are Inherited from Serendip. In this hands-on activity, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ students use model chromosomes to simulate the processes of meiosis and fertilization. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

2. SWBAT compare mitotic and meiotic nuclear divisions IOT differentiate between their processes and outcomes. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ a. Mitosis and Meiosis Card Sort from Serendip. This activity is designed to help students review the processes of ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ mitosis and meiosis and to ensure that students understand how chromosomes move during mitosis vs. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ meiosis. Students arrange the cards from a shuffled deck of the stages of mitosis and meiosis in the sequence ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ of steps that occur during cell division by mitosis and another sequence of steps that occur during cell division ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ by meiosis. ​ ​ b. Mitosis and Meiosis: Doing it on the Table from Evolution & the Nature of Science Institutes. In this ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ unfortunately-named activity, students learn the critical distinctions between what happens to chromosomes ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ during mitosis vs meiosis. Students manipulate pipe-cleaner chromosomes on a template showing stages of ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ mitosis with one pair of chromosomes, then repeat the exercise for meiosis. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ c. How Cells Divide: Mitosis vs Meiosis from PBS Learning Media. This interactive feature provides a step-by-step, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ side-by-side comparison of meiosis and mitosis. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

3. SWBAT describe the process of DNA replication IOT explain the conservation of genetic information. ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ a. DNA Replication from CK-12. Reading, video, practice, quiz, and applications. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ b. Double Helix Game from nobelprize.org. Interactive tutorial in which students simulate DNA Replication. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

4. SWBAT explain the functional relationships between DNA, genes, alleles, and chromosomes IOT articulate their roles ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ in inheritance. ​ ​ a. Human Chromosomes and Genes from CK-12 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ b. Basic Genetics from the Genetic Science Learning Center. Tons of videos, interactives and articles about DNA, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ genes and chromosomes. ​ ​ ​ ​

Quizlet - Keystone Biology Flashcards ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1. Unit 5 Vocabulary Flash Cards ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. Units 1-8 Vocabulary Flash Cards ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Holt Biology Textbook References ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Johnson, G. B., & Raven, P. H. (2004). Biology. Orlando, Fl: Holt Rinehart and Winston. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 1. Ch. 6, Chromosomes & Cell Reproduction, pp.117-139 ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. Ch. 7, Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction, pp.143-159 ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. Ch. 9, DNA: The Genetic Material, pp.189-205 ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Biology Philadelphia Core Curriculum References (Green Spiral Bound Book) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Cell cycles, division, mitosis, meiosis, pp.278-297 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

PDESAS Materials and Resources ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ http://www.pdesas.org/module/content/resources/16633/view.ashx

Keystone Biology Released Items : see below ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

ANS: C, D ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​​ ​ Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Essential Questions ​ ​ 1. How do structure and function of subcellular components and their interactions provide ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ essential cellular processes? ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. How do living systems store, retrieve, and transmit genetic information critical to life ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ processes? 3. How do the events of mitosis result in the production of two genetically identical cells? ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. How does the process of DNA replication ensure that the two new DNA molecules will be ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ identical to the original? ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

PA Standards ​ ​ These are the PA Standards that underly the Eligible Content in this unit. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

3.1.B.A4 Summarize the stages of the cell cycle. Examine how interactions among the different ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ molecules in the cell cause the distinct stages of the cell cycle which can also be influenced by ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ other signaling molecules. Explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ importance in maintaining chromosome number during asexual reproduction. Compare and ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ contrast a virus and a cell. Relate the stages of viral cycles to the cell cycle. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.1.B.A5 Relate the structure of cell organelles to their function (energy capture and release, ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ transport, waste removal, protein synthesis, movement, etc). Explain the role of water in cell ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ metabolism. Explain how the cell membrane functions as a regulatory structure and protective ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ barrier for the cell. Describe transport mechanisms across the plasma membrane. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.1.B.B2 Describe how the process of meiosis results in the formation of haploid gametes and ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ analyze the importance of meiosis in sexual reproduction. Compare and contrast the function of ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ mitosis and meiosis. Illustrate that the sorting and recombining of genes in sexual reproduction ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ results in a great variety of possible gene combinations in offspring. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.1.B.B3 Describe the basic structure of DNA, including the role of hydrogen bonding. Explain ​ ​​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and conservation of the genetic ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ code. Describe how transcription and translation result in gene expression. Differentiate among ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ the end products of replication, transcription, and translation. Cite evidence to support that the ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ genetic code is universal. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.1.B.B5 Explain how the processes of replication, transcription, and translation are similar in all ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ organisms. Explain how gene actions, patterns of heredity, and reproduction of cells and ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ organisms account for the continuity of life. Demonstrate how inherited characteristics can be ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ observed at the molecular, cellular, and organism levels. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.1.B.C2 Describe how mutations in sex cells may be passed on to successive generations and ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ that the resulting phenotype may help, harm, or have little or no effect on the offspring’s success ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ in its environment. Describe the relationship between environmental changes and changes in the ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ gene pool of a population ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

Common Core Standards for Science and Technical Subjects ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ These are Common Core Standards that are related to the Eligible Content in this unit. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

RST.9-10.7 Translate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text into ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ visual form and translate information expressed visually or mathematically into words. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ WHST.9-12.7 Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects to answer a question ​ ​​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ subject under investigation. ​ ​ ​ ​ Bio T2, Unit 5: Cell Growth and Reproduction (Mitosis & Meiosis) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ WHST.9-12.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection and ​ ​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ research.

Next Generation Science Standards ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ These are Next Generation Science Standards that are related to the Eligible Content in ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ this unit. ​ ​

HS-LS1-4. Use a model to illustrate the role of cellular division (mitosis) and differentiation in ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ producing and maintaining complex organisms. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ HS-LS3-1. Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ HS-LS3-2. Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors. [Clarification Statement: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Emphasis is on using data to support arguments for the way variation occurs.] ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​