DOCSLIB.ORG

Public Schools and First World War Volunteering

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Public Schools and First World War Volunteering ‘Children ardent for some desperate glory’ Public Schools and First World War volunteering Paul Methven Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy Department of History and Welsh History School of History, Archaeology and Religion, Cardiff University September 2013 ii Frontispiece: ‘Children ardent for some desperate glory’. On parade: Dean Close Memorial School OTC cadets marching past, c.1910. ‘All Saints’ School, Bloxham: OTC cadet force c.1909 iii Summary of thesis This thesis examines the range of formative influences, within their educational experience, that helped to propel public schoolboys towards volunteering for military service upon the outbreak of the First World War. Based largely upon research conducted at seven second-tier English public schools, the work examines the scholastic factors and teaching methods that moulded boys’ characters and attitudes to the extent that responses to a strident call to arms in 1914 were almost universally positive. The areas explored in depth include: the influence of the schools as austere total institutions in the furtherance of manliness and muscular Christianity values; the classroom curriculum – specifically, the indoctrination of national supremacist values and the socialization of positive feelings as to war and ‘glorious death in battle’; the ubiquitous focus upon character development through competitive sports; the effects of religious teaching upon boys’ attitudes to subsequent volunteering; the militaristic impact of the 1908 Officers’ Training Corps scheme. Throughout, the thesis forms connections between deliberately embedded public school character and attitude traits with the requirement, by military recruiters, for similar attributes within their intake of junior officers during the early months of the First World War. Several broad questions are dealt with: for example, how appropriate were sports-embedded qualities to practical subaltern officering? What made the recruitment campaign so successful in securing ex-public school volunteers? How did key elements within the public school environment (e.g. authoritative hierarchy, rules and discipline, monasticism, indoctrinated beliefs) result in volunteering enthusiasm? To help address these (and other) relevant questions, the thesis draws upon the works of specialists within related fields - notably sociologists, linguists and educational experts. In conclusion, the thesis confirms the fact that, and determines how, thousands of ex-public schoolboys were unwittingly manipulated, from an early age, into serving their country in wartime. iv NOTICE OF SUBMISSION OF THESIS FORM: POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH DECLARATION This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed ……Paul Methven…………… (candidate) Date …18 December 2013 STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of …MPhil History…… (insert MCh, MD, MPhil, PhD etc, as appropriate) Signed … Paul Methven …………(candidate) Date …18 December 2013 STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed ……… Paul Methven (candidate) Date: 18 December 2013 STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed … Paul Methven …… (candidate) Date …18 December 2013 STATEMENT 4: PREVIOUSLY APPROVED BAR ON ACCESS I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access previously approved by the Academic Standards & Quality Committee. Signed … Paul Methven … (candidate) Date …18 December 2013 v Acknowledgements Throughout this research project, I have received assistance from a number of sources. Librarians at Cardiff University, the University of Bristol, the Leeds University Brotherton Library, the University of the West of England, the University of Birmingham and Bristol Central Library have all been extremely helpful. The team at the Institute of Education Library were also especially supportive as they located for me a range of highly-relevant Edwardian-era textbooks. And staff at both the Imperial War Museum Department of Documents and the Lambeth Palace Library and Archive uncovered, respectively, valuable First World War correspondence ‘from the front’ and appropriate 1914 sermon materials. No investigation into historical school practices can make progress without the willing cooperation of archivists and I was truly fortunate in this respect – not least because of the way that, beyond school magazines, most of them volunteered material which, hitherto, I’d not considered. For example, William Wood at Whitgift produced some valuable ‘form list’ curricular documents. David Pickard at Sutton Valence came up with some poignant OTC photographs together with highly informative unpublished memoir material. Mike Sampson of Blundell’s found copies of 1904 school rule booklets and brought the 1909 Rundle OTC camp diary to my attention. Simon Batten at Bloxham produced some debating society manuscripts and highlighted the Kingsley Fradd papers for me. Ian Quickfall at Malvern School gave me summative extracts from the school punishment book and led me through the war memorial displays in the school chapel. Claire Davies at King Edward’s, Bath, let me peruse the school’s abundant Edwardian-era OTC formation records. The Reverend Charles Whitney of Dean Close, in a lengthy email exchange, answered many of my questions with much consideration, enthusiasm and thoroughness. He also, over a three-day period, supplied me with prospectus material and highlighted particularly appropriate debating reports within the magazine archive. Much is owed to my supervisor, Professor Keir Waddington, who throughout the project, has provided me with wholehearted encouragement and guidance. His sound advice and constructive comments have proved very valuable. Finally, I should like to thank my family for their interest and backing - especially my wife, Julie Methven, for her support and forbearance throughout the project. I promise to return to the twenty-first century very soon. vi Contents Frontispiece ii Summary of thesis iii Declaration iv Acknowledgements v List of illustrations vii List of appendices viii INTRODUCTION: ‘Melt the boys down and run them all out of the same 1 mould like bullets’. CHAPTER 1 - INSTITUTIONS: ‘School life becomes the reality, and 21 home life the illusion’. CHAPTER 2 - CURRICULUM: ‘To root in the youths of the country the 67 aptitude for arms and a feeling of patriotism’ CHAPTER 3 - ATHLETICISM: ‘Games were at least concrete, 109 explicable, alive, fun’ CHAPTER 4 - VOLUNTEERING: ‘We simply cannot help ourselves and 152 there are millions like us’ CHAPTER 5 - CONCLUSION: ‘Children ardent for some desperate glory’ 170 Appendices 180 Bibliography 212 vii List of Illustrations Chapter one: Figure 1 Haileybury Boer War Memorial Obelisk 43 Figure 2 Blundell’s school rule booklet c.1904 49 Figure 3 King’s Regulations booklet - 1912 49 Figure 4 Blundell’s School - monitors’ rules, 1904 50 Chapter two: Figure 5 Cadets parading at Sutton Valence, 1915 92 Figure 6 Bloxham School - OTC cadets on a 1911 Field Day 102 Figure 7 Kingsley Fradd - application for a commission 107 Chapter three: Figure 8 Officers in uniform; rank signifiers on cuffs and shoulders 138 Figure 9 Captain Nevill’s grave at Carnoy 143 Chapter four: Figure 10 Concordance occurrences – highlights 165 viii List of Appendices Appendix A Cubitt Rundle, OTC camp materials - Blundells’ School 181 Appendix B Warlike hymn lyrics - Tidworth OTC Camp, 1909 182 Appendix C An early war title page - The Whitgiftian, November, 1914 183 Appendix D Sir Henry Newbolt (1862-1938); text for ‘Vitaï Lampada’ 184 Appendix E Poster: ‘Is YOUR home worth fighting for?’ 185 Appendix F Poster: ‘Your Country Needs You’ 186 Appendix G Poster: ‘Isn’t this worth fighting for? - ENLIST NOW’ 187 Appendix H Punch atrocity cartoons – August 1914 188 Appendix I The Times - selected early war articles 189 Appendix J ‘Honour and Dishonour’ - David Lloyd George, Sept. 1914 195 Appendix K Concordance analyses – published recruiting texts 207 Appendix L French attacking Parliament - The Boys’ Friend, 1900 208 Appendix M Punch cartoon – pride in the uniform – Sept. 1914 209 Appendix N Edwardian-era product advertisements 210 Appendix O 1909 Malvern pupil poem: ‘Oh England, Mighty England’ 211 1 INTRODUCTION ‘Melt the boys down and run them all out of the same mould like bullets’ During the First World War, 229,316 men were commissioned as combat officers. Official statistics record that 37,452 British officers were reported killed or missing and 79,445 were seriously wounded.1 Early on, a shortage of officers became clear. As War Office policy, officers were recruited from public schools on the basis that their education and Officers’ Training Corps (OTC) experience would provide the leadership necessary to command a civilian army.2 Most of these men emanated from the privileged classes and had volunteered as subalterns, many joining up during the first weeks.3 These novice officers proved extremely vulnerable: Jay Winter concludes that
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Commemorazione Di Vera Brittain
    c/o Urban Center , Piazzetta Rossi Thiene sede legale: Piazzetta Ferrarin 1, 36016 Thiene Tel. 0445 804837 - fax 0445 804999 e-mail: [email protected] c.f. 03018920243 - c/c postale n.42840090 www.pedemontanavicentina.com Commemorazione di Vera Brittain Grande pacifista d'Europa le cui ceneri sono sparse nel cimitero di guerra britannico di Granezza (Lusiana) La manifestazione che segnerà l'avvio delle successive attività di celebrazione della Grande Guerra nel territorio della Pedemontana Veneta. LA VITA Grande pacifista d'Europa, Vera Brittain nacque il 29 dicembre 1883 a Newcastle-under- Lyme in Inghilterra. Dopo aver iniziato gli studi ad Oxford, incapace di stare a guardare attendendo con angoscia il susseguirsi degli eventi bellici da poco scopiati, come moltre altre giovani donne, sentì il bisogno di impegnarsi in prima persona e, in seguito all'arruolamento dell'amato fratello Edward e del fidanzato Roland Leighton, nel 1915 lasciò gli studi per arruolarsi come infermiera volontaria nel Voluntary Aid Detachment (V.A.D.) e portare il proprio aiuto ai numerosi soldati britannici impegnati al fronte. Dopo la morte del fidanzato Ronald, unitosi al Reggimento Worcestershire, ancor più dura fu pe Vera la morte di Edward, avvenuta in battaglia il 15 giugno 1918. Rimasta praticamente sola dopo un susseguirsi di perdite degli affetti a lei più cari, la scrittrice decise di pubblicare i diari personali e le lettere scambiate con il fratello durante la fitta corrispondenza che i due mantennero nell'arco del conflitto, ricchi di testimonianze sugli sconvolgenti anni della Prima Guerra Mondiale. E proprio queste testimonianze fecere di lei una delle scrittrici più amate di sempre nel mondo anglosassone, il cui nome si lega alla celebre opera del 1933, Testament of Youth e dov'è possibile scorgere anche le difficoltà incontrate dalla scrittrice nel ritornare alla qutidianità dopo i duri anni del conflitto.
    [Show full text]
  • England LEA/School Code School Name Town 330/6092 Abbey
    England LEA/School Code School Name Town 330/6092 Abbey College Birmingham 873/4603 Abbey College, Ramsey Ramsey 865/4000 Abbeyfield School Chippenham 803/4000 Abbeywood Community School Bristol 860/4500 Abbot Beyne School Burton-on-Trent 312/5409 Abbotsfield School Uxbridge 894/6906 Abraham Darby Academy Telford 202/4285 Acland Burghley School London 931/8004 Activate Learning Oxford 307/4035 Acton High School London 919/4029 Adeyfield School Hemel Hempstead 825/6015 Akeley Wood Senior School Buckingham 935/4059 Alde Valley School Leiston 919/6003 Aldenham School Borehamwood 891/4117 Alderman White School and Language College Nottingham 307/6905 Alec Reed Academy Northolt 830/4001 Alfreton Grange Arts College Alfreton 823/6905 All Saints Academy Dunstable Dunstable 916/6905 All Saints' Academy, Cheltenham Cheltenham 340/4615 All Saints Catholic High School Knowsley 341/4421 Alsop High School Technology & Applied Learning Specialist College Liverpool 358/4024 Altrincham College of Arts Altrincham 868/4506 Altwood CofE Secondary School Maidenhead 825/4095 Amersham School Amersham 380/6907 Appleton Academy Bradford 330/4804 Archbishop Ilsley Catholic School Birmingham 810/6905 Archbishop Sentamu Academy Hull 208/5403 Archbishop Tenison's School London 916/4032 Archway School Stroud 845/4003 ARK William Parker Academy Hastings 371/4021 Armthorpe Academy Doncaster 885/4008 Arrow Vale RSA Academy Redditch 937/5401 Ash Green School Coventry 371/4000 Ash Hill Academy Doncaster 891/4009 Ashfield Comprehensive School Nottingham 801/4030 Ashton
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Old, Unhappy, Far-Off Things a Little Learning
    1 Old, Unhappy, Far-off Things A Little Learning I have not been in a battle; not near one, nor heard one from afar, nor seen the aftermath. I have questioned people who have been in battle - my father and father-in-law among them; have walked over battlefields, here in England, in Belgium, in France and in America; have often turned up small relics of the fighting - a slab of German 5.9 howitzer shell on the roadside by Polygon Wood at Ypres, a rusted anti-tank projectile in the orchard hedge at Gavrus in Normandy, left there in June 1944 by some highlander of the 2nd Argyll and Sutherlands; and have sometimes brought my more portable finds home with me (a Minie bullet from Shiloh and a shrapnel ball from Hill 60 lie among the cotton-reels in a painted papier-mache box on my drawing-room mantelpiece). I have read about battles, of course, have talked about battles, have been lectured about battles and, in the last four or five years, have watched battles in progress, or apparently in progress, on the television screen. I have seen a good deal of other, earlier battles of this century on newsreel, some of them convincingly authentic, as well as much dramatized feature film and countless static images of battle: photographs and paintings and sculpture of a varying degree of realism. But I have never been in a battle. And I grow increasingly convinced that I have very little idea of what a battle can be like. Neither of these statements and none of this experience is in the least remarkable.
    [Show full text]
  • Primary School ADMISSIONS HANDBOOK
    Primary Admissions 2019 2020 Contents Glossary 3 Pupil Referral Unit 13 Apply Online 4 School milk 13 Who is responsible for admissions 5 School dress 13 in Derby’s primary schools? Access to school records 13 When children have to start school 5 Child Health Department 13 Admission limit 5 School governors 14 Changing schools during school year 6 Annual school prospectus 14 Starting school 7 Admission policies for Community 15 Applying for a school place 7 Schools and Voluntary Controlled schools Summer Born Children 8 Admission Policies in Derby 15 Schools outside Derby 8 Admissions Authority schools Out-of-city children 8 Community schools 16-25 Transfer to junior school 8 Map of schools in Derby 34-35 Closing date for applications 8 Voluntary-controlled/ Academy/ 26-61 Change of address 9 Foundation/ Trust/ Free/ Admission criteria 10 Voluntary aided Schools Transfer between nursery, infant and 10 Special schools 62 junior school Nursery schools 62 Appeals 11 Nursery entitlement 64 How do I appeal? 11 Useful contacts 66 Transport 12 Term Dates 67 Other information 13 Attending school 13 Please note: If a child has special educational needs or disabilities you may find the free booklet ‘Which Primary School for my Child?’ helpful. If a child has a Statement of Special Educational Needs or an Education Health and Care Plan (EHCP), this Primary Admissions Handbook is not relevant because the admission arrangements are different. We can send you a booklet called ‘Which School for my Child?’ which explains the special arrangements for these children. To get a copy, contact the council on 01332 641414 or email [email protected] 2 Primary Admissions Handbook 2019/20 Glossary “All-Through” Schools serve nursery, primary Private and voluntary sector nursery providers and secondary age children.
    [Show full text]
  • The Derby School Register, 1570-1901
    »;jiiiiliiiili^ 929.12 D44d 1275729 'I ^BNHAUOG^r CiOUi^H-OTiOM ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01795 1531 . ^^-•^ THE DERBY SCHOOL REGISTER, I ^70-1901 /// prepanxtio)! : *• History of Derby School from the Earliest Times to the Present Day." : THE DERBY SCHOOL REGISTER. 1 5'7o-i90i . Edited by B. TACCHELLA, Assiiiaiit Master of Derby Sehool. LONDON BEMROSE & SONS, Limited, 4, Snow Hill ; and Derby, 1902. Sic *ffDeur\? Ibowe Beinrose, Ikt., ®.H)., THE PATRON OF DERBYSHIRE LITERATURE, THIS REGISTER OF DERBY SCHOOL IS MOST RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, AS A SLIGHT ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF HIS GENIAL ENCOURAGEMENT AND INVALUABLE ASSISTANCE DURING ITS COMPILATION. ^ PREFACE. ,__ NO work is more suited to perpetuate the fame and traditions of an ancient scliool, and to foster the spirit of brother- hood among the succeeding generations of its alumni, than a Register recording the proud distinctions or the humble achievements of those who have had the honour of belonging to it. To do this, effectually a register ought to be complete in all its parts, from the first clay the school opened its doors ; and it is evident that such a work could only be the result of a continuous purpose, coeval with the school itself. Unfortunately that task has been deferred from century to century, and has become harder in proportion to its long post- ponement. But is this a. reason why it should not at length be attempted? As the usefulness, or, to speak more correctly, the necessity of such an undertaking has in these latter times become more and more apparent at Derby School, and as procrastination only makes matters worse, the editor decided some years ago to face the difficulty and see what could be done.
    [Show full text]
  • Charlotte Mary Yonge and Her Circle
    Proc Hampsh Field Club Archaeol Soc, 49,1993, 195-205 COLLEGE STREET, HURSLEY AND OTTERBOURNE: CHARLOTTE MARY YONGE AND HER CIRCLE By JULIA COURTNEY ABSTRACT though now converted into flats) in August 1823 and throughout her long life she rarely left the Charlotte Mary Tonge (1823—1901) was a highly successful village for any length of time. She consciously novelist and a prolific writer of religious, educational and rejected what she saw as the 'whirl' of London, historical works. Although proud of her family's Devonshire and went abroad only once. Apart from a solitary origins she was deeply attached to her home village of trip to France her furthest ventures were a Olterbourne, where she lived throughout her seventy-seven years.journe y to Ireland for a family wedding in 1857, A devoted High Anglican Churchmoman, Charlotte Tonge and numerous visits to Chester, Devon and the deliberately cut herself off from the social and intellectual influences of the London literary scene. Yet during her most Isle of Wight. productive years she was part of a lively local cultural circle Yet by the time she was thirty Charlotte Yonge which included the nationally revered religious leader John Keble was a nationally known figure, author of a best as well as Dr George Moberly, reforming Headmaster of selling novel eagerly read by an enthusiastic Winchester College, and the Hampshire grandee Sir William public which included the highest in the land: Heatlicote. After this circle broke up in the mid-1860s Charlotte Queen Victoria was later to discuss Yonge novels Tonge continued to write and to take an increasing part in the in her letters to the Princess Royal.
    [Show full text]
  • First World War Poems Free
    FREE FIRST WORLD WAR POEMS PDF Sir Andrew Motion | 192 pages | 07 Oct 2004 | FABER & FABER | 9780571221202 | English | London, United Kingdom First World - Prose & Poetry To commemorate the centennial of World War I, we present a selection of poets who served as soldiers, medical staff, journalists, or volunteers. Some poets glorified the cause patriotically—trumpeting the older, traditional notions of duty and honor, while mourning the millions of dead. Our list—sorted by country, then alphabetically—is not comprehensive, but it serves as a starting point for readers interested in exploring the Great War from many perspectives. We'll be adding more poets to this list periodically. Also be sure to take a First World War Poems at our sampler First World War Poems the Poetry First World War Poems World War I. Prose Home Harriet Blog. Visit Home Events Exhibitions First World War Poems. Newsletter Subscribe Give. Poetry Foundation. Back to Previous. World War I Poets. From Apollinaire to Rilke, and from Brooke to Sassoon: a sampling of war poets. Rainer Maria Rilke. Georg Trakl. Franz Werfel. John McCrae. Robert W. Richard Aldington. Laurence Binyon. Edmund Blunden. Vera Mary Brittain. Rupert Brooke. Margaret Postgate Cole. May Wedderburn Cannan. Ford Madox Ford. Wilfrid Wilson Gibson. Robert Graves. Julian Grenfell. Ivor Gurney. Robert Nichols. Wilfred Owen. Herbert Read. Edgell Rickword. Isaac Rosenberg. Siegfried Sassoon. May Sinclair. Edward Thomas. Arthur Graeme West. Guillaume Apollinaire. Jean Cocteau. Gottfried Benn. Wilhelm Klemm. August Stramm. Francis Ledwidge. Eugenio Montale. Giuseppe Ungaretti. Alexandr Blok. Nikolai Gumilev. Sergei Yesenin. Hugh MacDiarmid. Charles Hamilton Sorley. Hervey Allen. John Peale Bishop.
    [Show full text]
  • History J, Brown
    **f*4mHf*-t* I I HISTORY ENGLISH BIBLE J, BROWN TRA The Cambridge Manuals of Science and Literature THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH BIBLE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Hontron: FETTER LANE, E.G. C. F. CLAY, MANAGER . 100, PRINCES STREET Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Eetpjig: F. A. BROCKHAUS gorfe: G. P. PUTNAM S SONS AND LTD. Bombay an* Calcutta: MACMILLAN Co., All right* reserved THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH BIBLE BY JOHN BROWN, D.D, Cambridge : at the University Press 1912 i HI First Edition 1911 Reprinted 1912 SEP ~ 5 .355 coat arms at With the exception of the of is a the fodt, the design on the title page the earliest known reproduction of one used by Cambridge printer John Siberch 1521 PREFACE celebration of the Tercentenary of the Authorised Version of the English Bible of 1611 has called into existence the little book here presented to the reader s notice. It is the brief repetition of a story beginning in 670 A.D. and reaching on for twelve hundred years to 1870. It takes us back to the Monastery of Whitby where Csedmon the monk paraphrased Scripture story in Saxon song, and brings us through the centuries to the Abbey of Westminster where a distinguished body of English scholars met in 1870 and commenced that Revision of the Scriptures which first saw the light in 1881. The History of the English Bible, like the Records of Bunyan s House Beautiful, is "the history of many famous things, as of things both Ancient and Modern." It is a tale of devoted service rendered often by men in loneliness and exile of faithfulness to ; even martyrdom and death on the part of those who counted not their lives dear unto them, if only they could serve the great cause of it tells of spiritual enlightenment ; great gifts of vi PREFACE mind and great attainments in scholarship conse crated to the sacred cause of truth and the elevation of mankind.
    [Show full text]
  • Independent Student Research Catalogue
    Independent Student Research Catalogue The Winston School History Department Spring 2021 World History Japer C - America’s Forgotten Tragedy Cynthia C - For the Fallen, by Laurence Binyon Thomas G - Home, by Edward Thomas Alexander H - War Girls, by Jessie Pope Yvette I - Song for Doomed Youth, by Wilfred Owen Liam J - Break of Day in the Trenches, by Issac Rosenberg Armando J - Grass, by Carl Sandburg Kiran M - Absolution, by Siegfried Sassoon Molly O - Perhaps, by Vera Britain Laird “Hootie” B - Dead Man’s Dump, by Issac Rosenberg Jacob L - The Messages, by Wilfid WIlson Gibson Ian L - Rain, by Edward Thomas Kailash R - Such, Such is Death, by Charles Sorley Danny T - The Dead, by Rupert Brooke Michael W - Into Battle, by Julian Grenfell U.S. History Connor - A Turning Point in the Pacific; The Attack on Pearl Harbor Ella DF - Before the Final Solution; Nazi Engineered Terror Luke F - The Life of Adolf Hitler Sammy M - The LGBTQ+ Experience During WWII Estefany GP - Bombsights and Radar; Technological Advances of World War II Ryan Sa - But at What Cost; An Overview of the Use of Atomic Weapons in World War II Ryan Se - The Role of Animals in WWII First Period America’s Forgotten Tragedy During the late 1910’s, most people associate the greatest conflict of this time to be the First World War. They wouldn’t be far off, as the Great War, as it was called at the time, killed just over 40 million people by the time it had ended. But what if I told you there was something much bigger and more disastrous than the entirety of the first World War? That’s right, in the late between the years 1918 and 1919 a disease known as the Spanish flu wiped out over an estimated 50 million people.
    [Show full text]
  • Was a Close Friend of Vera Brittain (1893-1970) from 1942 Until the End of Her Life
    VERA BRITTAIN/PAUL BERRY Archive The writer and lecturer Paul Berry (1919-99) was a close friend of Vera Brittain (1893-1970) from 1942 until the end of her life. She appointed him a literary executor, and he later became one of her authorised biographers. This collection comprises his correspondence with VB, and a wide-ranging and varied archive of material gathered and collated by Berry and Mark Bostridge in preparation of their Vera Brittain: A Life (Chatto & Windus, 1995). Berry bequeathed the collection to Somerville College, where Brittain was an undergraduate from 1914-15 & 1919-21. Below is a summary of the collection’s contents; a full catalogue is available on request. Index, by Box number: 1 Vera Brittain-Paul Berry: original letters 1942-60, with P B’s commentary. 2 As above, 1961-9. 3 Vera Brittain-Edith Brittain (her mother): original letters, 1902-21; photocopies of correspondence involving VB & her brother Edward (1913 & 1918), her daughter Shirley Williams (1952-7), her fiancé Roland Leighton (1914), and his sister Clare (1918-35). Misc. Brittain/Bervon (VB’s maternal grandparents)/Catlin (VB’s husband) family documents, including copies of birth, marriage & death certificates, and family trees. 4 Vera Brittain-George Catlin: photocopies of letters 1924-65, with PB’s commentary. 5 George Catlin: original letters GC-PB 1967-78, typed copies PB-GC, 1968-78; misc biographical material, including a photographic portrait by Karsh. 6-10 Vera Brittain’s Diaries: photocopies from 1911, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944-5; photocopies from diaries 1939-68; edited typescripts of World War One Diary & Diary of the Thirties.
    [Show full text]
  • 6-9-2018 Update on International Relationships
    Public Agenda Item No. 7 D2 JOINT COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC PROSPERITY 6 September 2018 UPDATE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS (1) Purpose of Report To update members on activities and plans with regard to Toyota City and Anhui/Hefei. Discussion/Decision Required by the Meeting To note the update and discuss the plans for future activity to ensure that the opportunities are Derbyshire and Derby wide. (2) Information and Analysis Toyota City This November will mark the 20th anniversary of the international relationship between Toyota City, Derbyshire County Council, Derby City Council and South Derbyshire District Council which is founded on the work the local councils did together to attract TMUK to Derbyshire. To mark the anniversary a number of anniversary events are taking place. The quality of the relationship between the councils demonstrates and underpins our ongoing support for TMUK in Derbyshire and their commitment to ensure that Derby and Derbyshire remain one of the world’s leading centres for transport equipment manufacturing. The impact of TMUK is huge contributing over £4.4bn to the local economy and over 14,000 people in the area employed directly and through the supply chain. The potential for this relationship to be extended has been recognised by the establishment of the Toyota City Partnership Development Board (TCPDB) which aims to create further international opportunities in education, economic growth, environmental sustainability and sport. The members are: . Derbyshire County Council . Derby City Council . South Derbyshire District Council . Toyota City Council . East Midlands Chamber of . Toyota Motor Manufacturing Commerce UK . University of Derby . National Forest Company . Burton and South Derbyshire College .
    [Show full text]
  • Conceptualizing War Via Cross-Domain Mapping in Julian Grenfell’S Poem Into Battle
    International Journal of English Linguistics; Vol. 8, No. 6; 2018 ISSN 1923-869X E-ISSN 1923-8703 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Conceptualizing War via Cross-Domain Mapping in Julian Grenfell’s Poem Into Battle Rufaidah Kamal Abdulmajeed1 & Lina Laith Younus1 1 College of Education for Women, University of Baghdad, Iraq, Baghdad Correspondence: Rufaidah Kamal Abdulmajeed, College of Education for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 29, 2018 Accepted: June 25, 2018 Online Published: July 28, 2018 doi:10.5539/ijel.v8n6p88 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v8n6p88 Abstract Metaphor is known for most people as a device of the poetic imagination and a matter of extraordinary rather than ordinary language. George Lakoff, (1992) claims that metaphor is fundamentally found in thoughts not in language. He defines metaphor as “a cross-domain mapping in the conceptual system”, while the metaphorical language is “a surface manifestation of conceptual metaphor”. This study deals with the war poem Into Battle of Jullian Grenfell as a sample of war poetry flourished during the First World War. The results show that the application of Lackoff’s cross-domain mapping theory of metaphor functions as a way of a vital presentation of the images of war. By these metaphorical images, the war actions become easily comprehended by the readers who do not have a chance to live in or to participate in wars. Keywords: war poetry, conceptual metaphor, George Lackoff, cross-domain mapping theory, Jullian Grenfell 1. Introduction Metaphor means the transfer in the meaning of one expression and its application to another one.
    [Show full text]