davis botanical society LASTHENIA Lasthenia, the Newsletter of the Davis Botanical Society, is published by the Society in collaboration with the staff of the UC Davis Botanical Conservatory and Center for listserve still not a reality Diversity. Officers President: Deborah Canington Apologies to those of you who were interested in President-elect: Jim Doyle Membership Vice President: Bill receiving electronic notice of our events rather than McCoy paper copies. We had hoped to have a listserve up and Secretary: Jennifer Petersen running by this issue, but we find that we lack the Treasurer: Robert Rhode volunteer help to get one started and maintained. If you Past President: Ernesto Sandoval have any expertise with listserves and would be willing Members at Large: Eva Bayon, to help us in this capacity, please let us know! Don Crosby Student Member at Large: Annabelle Kleist Contact Ellen Dean at [email protected]. Ex officio: Dan Potter, Tim Metcalf, Ellen Dean, Jean Shepard, Kate Mawdsley, Allison Chilcott Contributors: K. Mawdsley, E. Dean, T. Metcalf, D. Crosby, D. Potter Design: Susan Gloystein Cotterel

Center for Plant Diversity Plant Sciences Mail Stop #7 One Shields Avenue University of Davis, CA 95616

UC Davis Mail ID: BTNY

8 No. 28 Spring 2007 LASTHENIA NEWSLETTER of the Davis Botanical Society

Conservatory plantings delight visitors One of the great satisfactions of Sciences laboratory courses from horticulture is watching the Robbins Hall to SLB, Ernesto and Tim and the concepts that guided their Metcalf approached then Associate Dean arrangement mature. This is true Tom Rost, chair of the SLB building now, and will be even more evident committee, to propose plantings with in years to come, around the Sciences a biogeographical orientation that Laboratory Building (SLB) and its would enhance teaching and learning. nearest neighbors. Many of you have With Rost’s support, Conservatory staff noticed these stunning plantings that worked with Architects and Engineers have been installed along Hutchinson and the Grounds Division to develop Drive, around SLB, and in front of a much more general plan than a Storer Hall. Ernesto Sandoval, Curator landscape designer would typically at the Botanical Conservatory, kept both provide. Ernesto acknowledges the themes and plants clearly in mind as valuable assistance of campus experts in he led me on a private tour around the planning for access, safety and visibility: buildings to provide a more detailed the stunning Aloe bed at the southwest examination of the new “teaching corner of SLB is composed of low- beds.” growing plants to ensure visibility in Plantings of star of Madeira In a typical University building an area of high pedestrian and bicycle (Echium candicans) and tower of project, landscaping is virtually an traffic. jewels (Echium wildpretii) outside afterthought, with heavy emphasis The opportunity to create the Sciences Laboratory Building. on ease of maintenance. But with the specialized plantings came with a price Photo: Darrell Brandon move of many College of Biological tag. Building funds covered the cost of much of the plant material; many other specimens came from the Conservatory, some grown from seed. But labor has floras produce rare finds been the responsibility of Conservatory The Center for Plant Diversity Herbarium has had a busy spring. We are staff, students and friends. Several collecting herbarium specimens as a part of floristic inventories in Yolo, successful applications to the Slosson Colusa, and El Dorado counties, and we are involving students and volunteers continued on page 3 in the effort. The Ireland Ranch in Yolo County is located just northwest of the town of Winters near the top of the southernmost extent of the Blue Ridge. The property belongs to the nonprofit Tuleyome, an organization dedicated to IN THIS ISSUE the preservation and restoration of natural and agricultural areas within the Conservatory Plantings...... 1 Putah and Cache Creek watersheds. Although the property is relatively small (<700 acres), in four visits we have already collected the first documented Florisitic Results...... 1 Yolo county specimens of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), shrub interior live Directors’ Corner...... 2 oak (Quercus wislizeni var. frutescens), and oso berry (Oemleria cerasiformis). New Plant Family...... 3 Pending expert confirmation and further collecting, we also believe we have found populations of two rare species. Volunteers Kate Mawdsley and Mark Voluteer Projects ...... 4 Bibbo have helped me with the field work for this project. continued on page 4 Toxic Asteraceae...... 6

1 Directors’ Corner

Conservatory photo-engraved matte black with silver The Keasling Research Group at Ted the Titan bloomed again between lettering, the work of Darrell Brandon UC Berkeley has been using latex from May 7 and May 9! The entire blooming funded by a Slossen Foundation grant. the collection’s Euphorbia resinifera in period was caught on live webcam, The labels include accurate current the search for genes involved in the with 20,000 web visitors viewing name and family as well as distinctive biosynthesis of two promising AIDS the event. This was the largest single information and graphics. Besides more drugs. It is a succulent plant native to web event in the history of UC Davis. of the individual labels, larger, full-color Morocco that has been in the collection If you are interested in viewing a engaging signs elucidating the Agaves, since 1969. The piece we had given slide show of Ted, it is available at Aloes, Cycads, and Deserts are in the them three years ago was weakening and the Conservatory website at: http:// last phases of design. We just received tissue they acquired from another source homepage.mac.com/planthead667/ word the Conservatory was awarded didn’t yield the needed RNA. In cutting Titan2004/PhotoAlbum81.html. another Slossen grant to extend the the samples for them, we experienced The DBS-sponsored Conservatory labeling through many more of the first-hand its latex being seventy times Open House on February 10 was notable Conservatory specimens. hotter than the hottest pepper as well as relaxed and subdued, with cloud- There is no way we could afford the being very persistent, resistant to water, filtered light and a uniform pulsing fifty tons of rocks to create the raised soap, alcohol, and wear. of visitors. Because it wasn’t crowded, beds and niches needed for planting Tim Gregory, a cycad expert from people lingered and interacted. Kids the diverse array of plants Ernesto the bay area visited campus to see the and adults wandered freely from has prepared for the landscape on the E.M. Gifford Cycad Garden and attend lush fern glen to African desert to east side of the Science Laboratory one of the cycad morphology labs. Judy carnivorous plant bog, encountering Building. Shad Canington, one of the Jernstedt, who is teaching the course, diverse shapes, textures, and odors Conservatory volunteers and husband said the students thoroughly enjoyed along with animated dialogue from the of the Botanical Society president, made his accounts of the ethnobiology of volunteers and staff in each area. some phone calls and found Cascade cycads and plant exploration. He had If you have walked by the Science Landscape Rock in Sacramento is time to review only a small portion of Laboratory Building plantings, you willing to give us the rock for the price the Conservatory cycad collection and may have noticed labels popping of delivery, cutting the cost to less than returned two weeks later to complete the up in front of the plants. They are a third! survey, furnishing accurate identification that can only be accomplished by ernesto wins young alumnus award! someone who has spent copious time in the field and in collections with other experts. Ernesto Sandoval, Conservatory Paul Berry, a specialist in the Curator and past Davis Botanical Euphorbiaceae from the University Society president, was named of Michigan spent several days in Young Alumnus of the Year for his the Conservatory taking pictures extraordinary teaching, mentoring, and samples of the specimens for his outreach, and plant growing. The research and an international database. award was presented at the Cal Aggie We had to increase the cooling and Alumni Association Awards Banquet ventilation for the hours he was in the in January. Ernesto, arrayed in an African desert room to avoid his being uncharacteristic suit but characteristic damaged by the heat and irritating aubergine shoes and unmatched volatile compounds released when he socks, acknowledged learning work cut the plants. ethic and plant skills from his father Every quarter the Conservatory hosts while helping him with commercial hundreds of students on plant biology- yard maintenance, the finer points related tours to engage their intellect of personal hygiene from his sisters, and passion. But this quarter Gina and how green the UC Davis grass is Werfel released her freshman honors from the Conservatory staff. He also drawing class in the Conservatory for articulated the potential of a new an afternoon session of pencil form Conservatory that would multiply Ernesto with Ted the Titan in compositions. Their plant choices were the impact of the current program. May 2007. Photo by D. Walker intriguing and some of the resulting Francisco Rodriquez, the Outstanding images startling and attractive. It was Alumnus Award recipient who spoke immediately after Ernesto, began his evident from some of their comments speech by saying he coveted two things that Ernesto has, his youth and hair! the plants had captivated them.

T. Metcalf T. Metcalf

continued on page 5 2 Conservatory plantings delight visitors (cont. from pg 1)

Foundation have provided signs for basic biosciences course sequence. identification and interpretation; Tim’s Along the main drive, plants from the Director’s Corner in this issue reports American desert and western spring yet another, as well as some creative wildflowers have begun to demonstrate scrounging for hardscape materials. the richness of the California Floristic And what is the grand design? It Province. Noting that the end of the begins nearer Storer Hall than SLB, building nearest Hutchison Drive is where the Gifford Cycad Garden groups wetter, Ernesto planted spice bush and these ancient plants by geographical Anemopsis there. area. Recently the cycads have been Planning, as well as planting, augmented with Aloes and Mexican continues. As this is written, a large pile plants in the appropriate beds. The of rocks awaits further planting in a north-facing beds near the Sciences central bed in the drive area and along Lecture Hall feature specimen conifers: the northeast side of the building. And Metasequoia, Aruacaria, bald cypress Ernesto noted that the north side of the and many others to expand students’ building, initially planted with Nandina mental horizons. Around SLB itself, and Vinca minor, would be a lovely spot Labeled Aloe planting outside the southeastern beds are planned for a shaded Asian garden. of SLB. Photo: Ellen Dean for transects illustrating the new Come and enjoy the plantings! K. Mawdsley Guamatelaceae s. oh & d. potter, a new family of angiosperms

The October-December 2006 issue genus Guamatela, which was originally of Systematic Botany includes an described from Guatemala and has also article by my former graduate student been collected in Honduras and Mexico, Sang-Hun Oh and me, in which we had also been placed in Neillieae based describe a new family of flowering on its follicular fruits and persistent plants, Guamatelaceae. This new stipules. However, some of Guamatela’s family includes only one species with characters, such as opposite leaves and a limited distribution in Mexico and lack of a well developed hypanthium, Central America and its description were quite unusual for Rosaceae. is not the result of the discovery of a Several taxonomists had commented previously unknown plant but rather on these anomalies in the past, but of new phylogenetic information. But no other taxonomic placement had it is exciting and relevant to the Davis ever been proposed for Guamatela Botanical Society for two reasons. and morphological characters alone First, the study was done while did not suggest any likely alternative. Sang-Hun Oh was a graduate student Based on nucleotide sequences of DNA here, as an outgrowth of his Ph.D. from two herbarium specimens of dissertation research, and, second, G. tuerckheimii (the one collected by the results were based on analyses of Grady mentioned above and another DNA that Sang-Hun extracted from collected from Guatemala in 2000), a specimen in our herbarium, which Sang-Hun showed that Guamatela Illustration of Guamatela tuerckheimii. Drawing by Sang-Hun Oh, used with was collected in Mexico in 1969 by was incorrectly classified in Rosaceae permission of Systematic Botany Grady Webster and Gary Breckon. and is instead more closely related to Sang-Hun’s dissertation research Crossosomataceae and Staphyleaceae did not fit the description of any of focused on the tribe Neilleae of of the order Crossosomatales. None those families. Thus, we named a new Rosaceae, which includes the of the molecular data supported family, Guamatelaceae, and that is where eastern Asian genus Neillia and the the inclusion of Guamatela in any you can now find Grady’s collection of primarily North American genus previously described family in that G. tuerckheimii in our herbarium. Physocarpus (nine-bark). Prior to order, and the unique combination of D. Potter Sang-Hun’s work, the monotypic morphological characters of the genus

3 Herbarium emphasizes hands-on outreach

This year we have been trying new help us on a regular basis on Thursday types of outreach to get the public afternoons. Nancy and Don Crosby involved in the herbarium. Although curate our map and reprint collections, we did offer one of our usual, and very Gerald Dickensen files specimens, well-attended, field trips – see article Romey Haberle makes labels, and on page 7, we decided to emphasize Darrell Brandon keys plants and writes inviting the public to join us in more species descriptions. hands-on experiences collecting, Our final outreach effort is a series preparing, and curating herbarium of public plant collecting expeditions. specimens. The first was at Payne Ranch, just south We began with two Saturday of Bear Valley in Colusa County, and the workshops on herbarium specimen second at Washoe Meadows State Park preparation held in the Center for Craig Thomsen placing plants and field near Lake Tahoe (see article below). The Plant Diversity’s McCaskill Room in labels in his press at Payne Ranch Payne Ranch field trips began in March Photo: Nick Voegtly December and January. The enthusiastic and will be ongoing, while the Washoe participants learned about the many Meadows trips are scheduled for this uses of herbarium specimens, how to series of four Sunday afternoons, one summer. Both projects will continue in collect and press specimens, and how each month from December to March, 2008. to mount specimens. Some participants where 10-12 participants helped us with Thank you to all of our volunteers. prepared herbarium specimens or curation of the herbarium. Graduates If you are interested in participating art pieces to take home, while others of our specimen mounting workshops in any of these projects, please contact practiced mounting specimens for could practice mounting specimens. Ellen Dean at 530-752-1091 or eadean@ inclusion in the herbarium. Other participants helped us label, file ucdavis.edu. Our next outreach effort was a or database specimens. Volunteers also E. Dean

floras produce rare finds (cont. from page 1)

populations of rare CNPS List 1B species, such as adobe lily (Fritillaria pluriflora), Jepson’s milkvetch (Astragalus rattanii var. jepsonianus), and pink creme sacs (Castilleja rubicundula ssp. rubicundula). In addition there are several CNPS List 4 sensitive species that occur on the ranch. This inventory project has had the involvement of dozens of volunteers, including 13 UC Davis students, with major help from Gordon, Craig Thomsen, Sam Bledsoe, Nick Voegtly, Brian Weiss, Gordon Harrington, Craig Thomsen, Diana Hickson, and Jack Alderson. Diana Hickson, Karen Hochgraf, and Sam has helped us adverise the trips to Ellen Dean press plants at Payne Yolohikers, the hiking arm of Tuleyome, Ranch. Photo: Nick Voegtly and that has helped attract new volunteers on most trips. Our second inventory effort finally, on June 15 we started our The fruiting capsule of adobe lily is located at Payne Ranch, a large inventory project at Washoe Meadows (Fritillaria pluriflora), a CNPS list 1B (>15,000 acres) BLM property located State Park near Lake Tahoe. This species that is present in abundance south of Bear Valley in Colusa County beautiful park has pine forest, meadow, at Payne Ranch. Photo: Ellen Dean that lacks a plant list. This project was and fen habitat. Although the park has the brainchild of Gordon Harrington, several partial plant lists from various specimens that will be deposited at the a Botanical Society member and avid projects, it has areas that have never University of Nevada, Reno. As always, photographer of the wildflowers of the been inventoried. We are planning on if you are interested in helping with any Cache Creek watershed. Payne Ranch three visits to the park this summer of these projects, please contact Ellen has a number of sensitive habitats, and several more during the summer of Dean at the Center for Plant Diversity. including serpentine meadows and 2008. At the request of the State Parks E. Dean . We have documented large botanists, we will be collecting duplicate 4 Directors’ Corner (Cont. from Page 2)

Center for Plant Diversity on similar topics at last year’s Spring Activities meeting of DBS and Ramona, whose research was partly supported by a It has been a very busy spring in the student grant from our society, was one herbarium. Ellen Dean has completed a of the featured speakers at our meeting record number of plant identifications in May. and plant inquiries, and visitation I am now finishing up teaching to use the collections has been very California Floristics, another course high since March. Ellen has been that draws on the Center for Plant making great strides in increasing Diversity’s collections. This course is the participation of volunteers and known for producing botanists with students in the herbarium’s operations UCD students take a break from plant col- plant identification skills that are in lecting at Payne Ranch. demand by agencies and private firms. and developing new research and Photo: Ellen Dean inventory projects (see her articles on Thirteen of the 40 students enrolled previous page), while Jean Shepard course, offering several guest lectures in this course chose to participate in and helping with set-up and teaching an optional plant collecting project of the labs, for which we use the organized by Ellen. On April 29, we Center for Plant Diversity ethnobotany drove the student to Payne Ranch in collection. This collection includes plant products such as fibers, foods, medicines, stimulants, oils, gums, and resins. It was a great pleasure to teach this course, and we had a group of students with a wonderful diversity of backgrounds and great interest in plant-people interactions. They conducted original group research projects on local ethnobotany, with topics ranging from home gardening to Chinese herbal medicine. Additional guest lecturers included Kathy Wallace, a founding member of the California UCD student Wayne Murray and volunteer Brian Weiss with Ellen Dean at Payne Indian Basketweavers’ Association Ranch. Photo: Margaret Starbuck (CIBA), Renee Sharokh, professor Royal Larkspur (Delphinium variegatum), of Ethnobotany at American River one of the plants collected by UCD stu- Colusa County where they collected dents at Payne Ranch. and pressed plants to make herbarium Photo: Margaret Starbuck specimens. Their collecting was guided by Ellen, Genevieve Walden has continued her excellent work to (a graduate of the course who is facilitate the completion of several now entering graduate school at S.F. of Grady Wesbster’s projects and to State), and me. We made sure that ensure that his loans of Euphorbiaceae anything they collected added to the specimens are annotated and returned plant list we are generating for Payne to the lending institutions. Jean has Ranch and avoided rare species. Each also served as the primary contact student was responsible for identifying with individuals from the Facilities their own collections and using the departments on campus who are herbarium’s label-making program to label their collections. A number of investigating ways to achieve better UCD students collecting plant specimens humidity control in the collections at Payne Ranch. Photo: Ellen Dean the students mentioned to us that the room of the herbarium. Although plant collection was a valuable learning the conditions in our new facility experience and fun to boot! in Sciences Laboratory Building are College talking about California Indian D. Potter very good, we believe there may be ethnobotany, and graduate student opportunities for further improvement. Ramona Butz, talking about her research After a hiatus of three years, I taught on traditional and changing plant Ethnobotany during the winter quarter. management practices by the Maasai in Ellen contributed extensively to the Tanzania. Renee gave a wonderful talk

5 toxic asteraceae

by D. Crosby itch” or “florist’s dermatitis.” for India, where the plants were later Toxicity isn’t confined to reported to “invade every nook and The name of the Davis Botanical ornamentals, of course. The family’s cranny along sidewalks, in gardens Society’s newsletter, Lasthenia, which lactone-rich vegetables include and vacant lots…and large areas of is the scientific name for our beautiful lettuce (Lactuca sativa), endive agricultural land were overgrown by California goldfields, suggested a (Cichorium endivia), and artichoke it.” The ACD due to this little plant review of toxic members of the aster (Cynara scolymus). Milky latex of eventually led to a major public health family — the Asteraceae. This ancient the first two contains lactucin and crisis in that country. clan is believed to be most closely lactucopicrin, and artichoke sap The more familiar feverfew related to a family of South American contains cynaropicrin. ACD from them (Tanacetum parthenium, formerly plants called the Calyceraceae and was is common among pickers, grocers Chrysanthemum parthenium), a major widely dispersed by the early tertiary. and housewives; at one time 20% of all weed in Europe, is an aggressive Representing over 10% of all flowering artichoke handlers suffered from it. ornamental here. It was used for plants, the Asteraceae contains over A survey of human responses centuries as an effective folk remedy 23,000 species and has been divided to 19 common weeds showed that for arthritis, fever, migraine, unwanted in numerous ways into subfamilies, pregnancy, and even biting insects tribes, genera, and species. The current — it obviously contains something classification, available online at the strong. It burns one’s skin and will Angiosperm Phylogeny website, divides ulcerate the mouth of anything that the family into 11 tribes. tries to chew the ill-smelling leaves. Formerly called the “Composites,” The principal poison, a lactone called each “blossom” is actually a composite parthenolide, occurs widely throughout inflorescence made up of dozens of tiny the Asteraceae. flowers — the apex of flower evolution. Some kinds of ragweed (Ambrosia Often the inflorescence contains tiny spp.) can be found almost anywhere “disk flowers” in the center which in the United States. Our common are surrounded by rings of elongated ragweed (A. artemisiifolia) is a “ray flowers.” The whole structure is multibranched annual with deeply supported by a whorl of leaf-like bracts divided leaves, narrow terminal spikes known as the involucre. Think daisies. of tiny, greenish flowers, and spiny Trichomes (hairs) on the stems burrs. It blooms through summer and and leaves often contain toxic lactones Tidytips (Layia platyglossa) demonstrates fall, and contact with its copious pollen (cyclic esters), with a group called the composite nature of the inflorescence is a major source of ACD. “Hay fever” arteglasins considered the most toxic. of the Asteraceae with disk flowers in the comes from inhaling either the lactones Most tribes of the Asteraceae contain center and ray flowers on the periphery. or protein allergens on its pollen—or on hundreds of species with toxic lactones. Photo: Wes Youngclaus. pollen from goldenrod (Solidago spp.), Over 200 species of Asteraceae cause or sneezeweeds (Helenium spp.) — to some sort of allergy, usually an acute almost everyone tested was allergic produce the all-too-familiar sneezing, contact dermatitis (ACD) whose rash to mayweed (Anthemis cotula); 70% coughing and congestion. and blisters are like those from poison of us reacted similarly to cocklebur There are plenty of other examples. oak. Sunflowers Helianthus( annuus) (Xanthium strumarium), 36% to wild Mountain tobacco (Arnica montana) are typical: The rough, 10-foot annuals feverfew (Parthenium hysterophorus), provides the “tincture of arnica” once bear huge yellow “daisies” as much as and 14% to fleabane Erigeron( used to treat cuts, bruises, abrasions, a foot across, and the trichomes were strigosus). Mayweed has a rank odor, and sore muscles (and become known even to the ancients as being blisters human skin and the mouths of sensitized for ACD in the process.) toxic to one’s skin. animals, and causes ACD. Surprisingly, Even the lowly dandelion, Taraxacum Florist’s chrysanthemums provide it is still used occasionally as an officinale, can shower a shirtless power- another familiar example. Renamed ornamental ground cover despite its mower operator with allergenic lactones Dendranthema x grandiflorum well-documented danger to skin. before he knows it — a none-too- (controversially), the original epithet Wild feverfew (Parthenium gentle reminder that most people are Chrysanthemum was bestowed by hysterophorus) — so named to confronted almost daily with some toxic Linnaeus on a small European annual, distinguish it from the garden variety member of the Asteraceae. the corn marigold (C. segentum). Many Tanacetum parthenium — is the perfect Unfortunately for this story, the chrysanthemums have by now been weed (from a plant’s viewpoint). It’s toxicity of our little Lasthenia — or a reassigned to other genera, but some tough, drought-tolerant, and adapted lack of it — has never been reported. of us will no doubt continue to use to and even dependent upon humans the old names. However, taxonomists and their agriculture. It flowers at the Dr. Crosby is author of The Poisoned have had remarkably little influence tender age of four weeks and stays Weed: Plants Toxic to Skin (Oxford on allergenicity, and ACD from them in bloom for up to six months, while University Press, 2004) is widespread among gardeners, releasing huge volumes of toxic seeds horticulturists, and especially florists, and lactone-coated pollen. Some seeds who refer to the disease as “florist’s joined a 1954 shipment of grain bound 6 spring trip to Edgewood Park trip full of discoveries The Davis Botanical Society trip to Edgewood Park on April 28 was satisfying both because of the chance to renew old acquaintances and see some beautiful plants. Attending the trip were four alums of the UC Davis California Floristics class, three of whom are now gainfully employed as botanists. They showed great enthusiasm for the plants we met, some for the first time in our lives. The Friends of Edgewood Park provided two knowledgeable docents, Paul Heiple and Mary Wilson, to lead us on a three-mile loop that passed through moist oak woodland, serpentine grassland, and chaparral. Along the way, we saw three rare plants: San Francisco Collinsia (Collinsia multicolor), western leatherwood (Dirca occidentalis), and Franciscan onion ( peninsulare var. franciscana). We also saw an uncommon hybrid of leather oak (Quercus durata) and blue oak (Quercus douglasii) where serpentine chaparral met blue oak woodland. A big thanks to Kate Mawdsley for making the arrangements for the trip and Botanical Mark Bibbo, Jennifer Buck, and Erin Conservatory staffperson McDermott examine the smallest mint that Eva Bayon for lending we have ever encountered, thyme-leaved her van, so that we could mesamint (Pogogyne serpylloides), which carpool efficiently to our is barely visible to the naked eye. Lucy Stewart, Christie Scarazzo, Erin McDermott, Jennifer destination. Photo: Ellen Dean Buck, Mark Bibbo, and Eva Bayon stand in front of a rare leather oak x blue oak hybrid. Photo: Ellen Dean

recent Gifts

Herbarium Endowment Conservatory Endowment Davis Botanical Society Phyllis Graham Ivan Buddenhagen Student Grant Fund Julie Knorr Eric Conn Eric Conn Robert & Laurie Preston Ellen Dean & Thomas Starbuck E. Eric Grissell Mandy Tu Gerald Dickinson Daniel Potter Genevieve Walden Judy Jernstedt John Tucker Alan Whittemore Maxine Schmalenberger Pat Williams Larry & Charlotte Mitich Memorial Conservatory Operations Student Grant Fund In Memory of Grady Webster: Eugene Dammel Ellen Dean & Thomas Starbuck Ellen Dean & Thomas Starbuck Matthew Ehlen Estate of Charlotte Mitich Melissa Frey James and Catherine Murray In Memory of June McCaskill: Thelma Garcia Mandy Tu Lewis Feldman Stephen & Linda Jacobs Carole Ludlum Jack Major Memorial Herbarium Operations Sara Maxson Student Grant Fund Nancy and Donald Crosby Milo Nittler Michael Barbour & Valerie Lewis & Antonette Rosenberg Whitworth Herbarium Building Fund Eric Runquist Brenda Grewell & Stephen Kidner Robert Avalos Anamary Smith Ann F. Johnson Cheryl Coats San Francisco Park Trust Mary C. Major Donna Olsson Darci Ulven Marcel Rejmanek Ernesto Sandoval & Eliska Rejmankova In Memory of Ernest Gifford: Maxine Schmalenberger Jean Gifford Thank you for Jeanette & Jonathan Lewis In Kind Gifts Thomas and Ann Rost Gerald Dickinson your support! John Tucker Joe DiTomaso Kate Mawdsley 7