DOCSLIB.ORG

Permit Application for the Ferry M/V Adirondack Reefing Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Permit Application for the Ferry M/V Adirondack Reefing Project Lake Encroachment Permit Application for the Ferry M/V Adirondack Reefing Project Appendices – Supporting Documentation A. Lake Champlain Transportation Company M/V Adirondack Specification Sheet (p.2) B. Dimensional drawing of M/V Adirondack (p.3) C. M/V Adirondack on bottom profile (p.4) D. Scientific Study Opportunities, Professor Ellen Marsden, Rubenstein Lab, University of Vermont. (p.5-6) E. National Guidance: Best Management Practices for Preparing Vessels Intended to Create Artificial Reefs. Published May 2006 by US Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Maritime Administration (p. 7-83) F. Ferry M/V Adirondack Reefing Project Vessel Preparation (p.84-87) G. KD Associates, Inc – PCB Testing, M/V Adirondack – January 2, 2019 (p.88-92) H. KD Associates, Inc – Lead in Paint Testing, M/V Adirondack – December 12,2018 (p.93-99) I. KD Associates, Inc – Asbestos Assessment, M/V Adirondack – December 12,2018 (p.100-101) J. M/V Adirondack Anchoring System Drawing (p.102) K. M/V Adirondack Sinking Procedure (p.103-106) L. Dive Historic Lake Champlain Booklet State of Vermont, Division for Historic Preservation, Lake Champlain Maritime Museum (p.107-122) M. Lake Champlain Basin Program Invasive Species Update (p.123) N. UHP Proximity Map (p.124) O. NOAA Burlington Harbor Water Intake map (p.125) P. Bottom Contour Map of Lone Rock Point/Appletree Bay Area (p.126) Q. CRB – Geological & Environmental Services, Inc/Artificial Reefs International - (ARI/CRB) Ferry Adirondack Evaluation Report – April 22, 2019 (p.127-133) R. ARI/CRB – Proposal to Sink M/V Adirondack – June 21, 2019 (p.134-139) S. M/V Adirondack Question & Answer Document (p.140-145) Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.1 Appendix A Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.2 Appendix B M/V Adirondack – Lake Champlain Transportation Co. • Depth at site: 68’ at 93.5’ Lake Level Elevation. • Height of Vessel: 43’0” Keel to top of Stack • Minimum depth over stack at proposed site: 25’ • Site Coordinates: N44° 28.819’ W73° 14.868’ • Top of Stack to Keel: 30’6” + 12’6” = 43’0” • Surface to Top of Stack 68 – 43 = 25’ (No Bottom Penetration, assuming ~3’ penetration of bottom) • Surface to top of Stack 25’ + 3’ = 28’ Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.3 Appendix C Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.4 Appendix D THE RUBENSTEIN SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES WILDLIFE AND FISHERIES BIOLOGY PROGRAM Jonathan Eddy Waterfront Dive Shop Burlington, VT Jan 19, 2020 Dear Jonathan: As a follow-up to our conversations about the ferry sinking/artificial habitat project for Burlington Bay, I have summarized my thoughts about how this project could benefit fish populations and research on artificial reefs. Habitat degradation and restoration is a major issue in fisheries management and research. Artificial reefs have been discussed and used to remediate habitat loss for several decades; however, several major issues are associated with design and use of artificial reefs: • Poorly defined objectives – what is the purpose of the reef? What fish species will benefit? At what life stages? Is their natural habitat actually degraded? • Potentially conflicting objectives – is the purpose of the reef to benefit fish, or anglers? • Lack of long-term assessment – most post-construction assessment is only 1 to 2 years • Distinguishing attraction from production – does the reef simply attract fish from elsewhere (and diminish adjacent populations) or improve growth and/or reproductive success? The ferry sinking project inherently or explicitly addresses several of these issues. The ferry is likely to attract fishes of interest to anglers, and since few species in the lake are of management concern, additional angling pressure is unlikely to be detrimental to the fish populations. The ferry will also serve as an attractive diver destination. The ferry could also be a site of several short- or long-term research projects. While there is currently no funding in place to conduct a scientific evaluation of the impacts of the ferry, several potential studies would be of interest; several of these studies would benefit from observations by recreational divers. • Which fish species occupy the ferry? Both anglers and divers can document which species they catch or observe at the site. Use of GoPro cameras to take images of the ferry will enable collection of quantitative data, including relative fish size. • Does the ferry attract fish species relative to nearby habitat? This may be more challenging to address, because anglers will likely focus on the ferry site rather than Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.5 Appendix D adjacent areas, but catch-per-effort data would be valuable to assess the attraction of fishes to the ferry. • Is the site used by fish for spawning? Fish presence and behavior would need to be studied as the site becomes occupied. • Do fish remain at the ferry site (i.e., they become territorial), or is the population of fish constantly moving in and out of the area? Fish can be marked with individually- numbered external colored tags that can be identified by divers and catch-and-release anglers. Mark-recapture data would allow estimation of the number of fish using the site, and whether the site becomes a ‘closed’ population (i.e., few individuals leaving or entering). • Is the ferry site used by spawning lake trout, or as feeding and refuge habitat for lake sturgeon? Both of these species are of particular management interest and the focus of restoration efforts. Two current research projects in Lake Champlain involve tagging lake trout and lake sturgeon with internal acoustic transmitters. The tags emit a unique signal every two minutes for several years. Signals are picked up by stationary receivers deployed around the lake, and data are used to determine what habitats these fish use during all seasons of the year, and particularly during spawning (lake trout) and as juveniles (sturgeon). A receiver could be deployed on the ferry to document number of visits to the site by each species, relative to adjacent sites currently being monitored. • Colonization of the ferry by zebra mussels also offers opportunities for research. Zebra mussel populations in Lake Champlain appear to have stabilized, either because they are now limited by availability of hard surfaces to colonize, or they have reached a carrying capacity of food availability. Documentation of the rates and pattern of colonization of the ferry (e.g., which surfaces are colonized first? Will molluscivorous fish suppress mussel populations?) would be of interest, and could involve interested members of the diving community. I am happy to discuss any of these ideas and address any questions you or others may have. Sincerely, J. Ellen Marsden Professor, Wildlife and Fisheries Biology Program, University of Vermont Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.6 Appendix E U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Maritime Administration National Guidance: Best Management Practices for Preparing Vessels Intended to Create Artificial Reefs May 2006 Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.7 Appendix E Page Left Intentionally Blank 2 Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.8 Appendix E ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document was jointly developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Oceans and Coastal Protection Division within the Office of Water and the Department of Transportation’s Maritime Administration. To assist in early stages of document development, an interagency workgroup was established by Laura S. Johnson of EPA. The following agencies actively participated on this workgroup: • Maritime Administration • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration • United States Army Corps of Engineers • United States Fish and Wildlife Service • United States Coast Guard • United States Department of the Navy • United States Environmental Protection Agency M A R A D ’ s J a m e s R i Photo courtesy of Laura S. Johnson Maritime Administration’s James River Reserve Fleet, Virginia. Cover Photos Top photo: Ex-USS Spiegel Grove en route to artificial reef sink site. Photo courtesy of Andy Newman, Florida Keys News Bureau. Middle photo: Ex-USS Spiegel Grove resting at its artificial reef site. Photo courtesy of Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management, Artificial Reef Program. Bottom photo: The scuttling of Navy Dive Tender YDT-14 on April 1, 2000, approximately 18 miles SE of Pensacola Pass, Escambia County, Florida. Photo courtesy of Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Marine Fisheries Management, Artificial Reef Program. 3 Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.9 Appendix E TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary . 7 Introduction . 9 Siting of Artificial Reefs . 17 Guidance for Preparing Vessels to Create Artificial Reef Habitat Oil and Fuel Narrative Clean-up Goal . 22 What are oil and fuel? . 22 What are the potential environmental impacts of oil and fuel? . 22 Where are oils and fuels found in a ship? . 23 How should the vessel be prepared; what are the appropriate BMPs for oil and fuel? . 24 Asbestos Narrative Clean-up Goal . 30 What is asbestos? . 30 What are the potential environmental impacts of asbestos? . 31 Where is asbestos found on a ship? . 31 How should the vessel be prepared; what are the appropriate BMPs for asbestos? . 32 Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Narrative Clean-up Goal . 35 What are PCBs? . 35 What are the potential environmental impacts of PCBs? . 35 Where are PCBs found on a ship? . 36 How should the vessel be prepared; what are the appropriate BMPs for PCBs? . 37 Paint Narrative Clean-up Goal . 40 What types of paint and anti-fouling systems are used on ships and where are they found? . 40 What are the potential environmental impacts of paint? . 41 How should the vessel be prepared; what are the appropriate BMPs for paint? . 41 4 Appendices - Ferry Adirondack Project p.10 Appendix E Solids/Debris/Floatables Narrative Clean-up Goal . 43 What are solids/debris/floatables? .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Northwest Region EMS Protocols
    Northwest Region EMS Protocols Clallam, Mason, Kitsap & Jefferson Counties and Navy Region NW MPD Approved December 2014 Washington State DOH approved October 2014 1 2014 - Northwest Region Emergency Medical Services & Trauma Care Council 2 2014 - Northwest Region Emergency Medical Services & Trauma Care Council Sections are color coded as follows: Introduction Regional Guidelines ...................................................................................................................... 8 NW Region Patient Care Procedures ............................................................................................ 8 CDC National Trauma Triage Procedure ....................................................................................... 9 Clallam .................................................................................................................................... 10-A Jefferson ................................................................................................................................. 10-B Mason ..................................................................................................................................... 10-C Kitsap ...................................................................................................................................... 10-D West Olympic Penninsula ....................................................................................................... 10-E Prehospital Provider Conduct .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Public Safety Scuba Diving
    Industry Guide 47 A Guide to Public Safety Diving N.C. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Division N.C. Department of Labor 1101 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1101 Cherie Berry Commissioner of Labor N.C. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program Cherie Berry Commissioner of Labor OSHA State Plan Designee Kevin Beauregard Deputy Commissioner for Safety and Health Scott Mabry Assistant Deputy Commissioner for Safety and Health Tom Savage Standards Officer Author Acknowledgments A Guide to Public Safety Diving has been prepared with materials and information from the General Industry Standards, 29 CFR 1910, Subpart T—Commercial Diving Operations, and OSHA Instruction CPL 02-00-151 (U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration). This guide also contains information from sources such as U.S. Navy Diving Manual, National Association of Search and Rescue, California Department Fish and Game Diving Safety Manual, and the National Fire Protection Association, NFPA 1670—Standard on Operations and Technical Search and Rescue. Through an existing alliance established between the N.C. Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Divi- sion and the North Carolina Public Safety Divers’ Association (PSDA), a collaborative effort was established to make this guide possible. The PSDA board of directors provided expertise involving public safety diving in sharing best practices and technical knowledge. A special thanks to Chuck Elgin, North Carolina Underwater Response Team, for his dedication and hard work assisting in the development of this publication. This guide is intended to be consistent with all existing OSHA standards; therefore, if an area is considered by the reader to be inconsistent with a standard, then the OSHA standard should be followed.
    [Show full text]
  • Techincal Memorandum 1 81
    .c -...o ." CII Vl ... ..CII ~ Cl> ~c ::> o ~ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AIDS TO UNDERWATER SEARCHING C D PAYNE Technical Memorandum No. 1/81 I I I The views and conclusions expressed in this memorandum are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the policy of the Police Department. The contents of this document have been given a restricted circulation and are not to be reproduced in whole or in part without the written permission of the Home Office which should be sought from the Director, Police Scientific Development Branch. HOME OFFICE Police Scientific Development Branch Horseferry House Dean Ryle Street London SWIP 2AW I I I I CONTENTS I 1. INTRODUCTION 2. THE PROBLEM OF UNDERWATER SEARCHING 3. TRIJ'.LS 3.1 Depth sounders 3.2 Sonars 3.3 Thorn-EMI acoustic imager 3.4 The fluxgate gradiometer 4. CONCLUSION 5. REFERENCES 6. FIGURES CIRCULATION I I­ I I I I I I I ; . SUr-U"J\RY At the recent request of the Association of Chief Police Office r s Diving Committee, Police Scientific Development Br-ancl! has been examining the latest develDpments in depth sounders and short range sonars, and their applicabtlity to police diving operations. Some limited trials have taken place and these are described. 1. INTRODUC'rION Police Scientific Development Branch has been examining the possibility of producing aids for police divers carrying out underwater searches ever since 1970. At that time a contract was awarded to Birmingham University to investigate the problem and to produce a high resolution sonar capable of imaging objects on the bottom of inland waterways.
    [Show full text]
  • Bill's Cave Diving Lexicon
    Bill’s Cave Diving Lexicon 120 Rule: Noticing from the Navy NDL table that, for certain depths, depth + bottom time = 120 so that the NDL can be determined by subtracting the depth from 120. 200 DIN: Thread depth in a DIN valve and associated pressure (200 BAR) that can be handled. This size (7 threads) allows for a DIN to yoke conversion. 300 DIN: Thread depth in a DIN valve that provides the most secure (9 threads) connection and can withstand 300 BAR pressure. 5 nines pure: 99.999% pure, as in a gas. 50-50: Gas mix of 50% oxygen and 50% nitrogen used for decompression gas. 6351-T6 Aluminum Alloy: Alloy that has had problems with tank ruptures. Absolute Pressure: Total pressure being exerted on a diver At sea level Absolute pressure is 1 ATA and it increases by 1 ATA for each 33fsw (34ffw). ADDD (Air, Duration, Depth, Distance): Limits for dive termination acronym minimum Air volume/pressure, maximum Duration of dive, maximum Depth of dive, and maximum Distance of penetration. ADV (Automatic Deflation Valve, and Automatic Diluent Valve ): Device on a buoyancy compensator that allows for rapid air purging, and device on a rebreather that dilutes the breathing mix. AGE (Arterial Gas Embolism): A lung expansion injury. A condition in which gas bubbles enter the arterial system and cause damage by blocking blood flow to vital organs, most commonly the brain. This is generally caused by air passing through the walls of the alveoli into the bloodstream. Air: A gas mixture of Oxygen (21%), Nitrogen (78%), and other gasses (1%, Helium, Argon, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • Mainsail Trim Pointers, Reefing and Sail Care for the Beneteau Oceanis Series
    Neil Pryde Sails International 1681 Barnum Avenue Stratford, CT 06614 203-375-2626 [email protected] INTERNATIONAL DESIGN AND TECHNICAL OFFICE Mainsail Trim Pointers, Reefing and Sail Care for the Beneteau Oceanis Series The following points on mainsail trim apply both to the Furling and Classic mainsails we produce for Beneteau USA and the Oceanis Line of boats. In sailing the boats we can offer these general ideas and observations that will apply to the 311’s through to the newest B49. Mainsail trim falls into two categories, upwind and downwind. MAINSAIL TRIM: The following points on mainsail trim apply both to the Furling and Classic mainsail, as the concepts are the same. Mainsail trim falls into two categories, upwind and downwind. Upwind 1. Upwind in up to about 8 knots true wind the traveler can be brought to weather of centerline. This ensures that the boom will be close centerline and the leech of the sail in a powerful upwind mode. 2. The outhaul should be eased 2” / 50mm at the stopper, easing the foot of the mainsail away from the boom about 8”/200mm 3. Mainsheet tension should be tight enough to have the uppermost tell tail on the leech streaming aft about 50% of the time in the 7- 12 true wind range. For those with furling mainsails the action of furling and unfurling the sail can play havoc with keeping the telltales on the sail and you may need to replace them from time to time. Mainsail outhaul eased for light air upwind trim You will find that the upper tell tail will stall and fold over to the weather side of the sail about 50% of the time in 7-12 knots.
    [Show full text]
  • Sail Trimming Guide for the Beneteau 37 September 2008
    INTERNATIONAL DESIGN AND TECHNICAL OFFICE Sail Trimming Guide for the Beneteau 37 September 2008 © Neil Pryde Sails International 1681 Barnum Avenue Stratford, CONN 06614 Phone: 203-375-2626 • Fax: 203-375-2627 Email: [email protected] Web: www.neilprydesails.com All material herein Copyright 2007-2008 Neil Pryde Sails International All Rights Reserved HEADSAIL OVERVIEW: The Beneteau 37 built in the USA and supplied with Neil Pryde Sails is equipped with a 105% non-overlapping headsail that is 337sf / 31.3m2 in area and is fitted to a Profurl C320 furling unit. The following features are built into this headsail: • The genoa sheets in front of the spreaders and shrouds for optimal sheeting angle and upwind performance • The size is optimized to sheet correctly to the factory track when fully deployed and when reefed. • Reef ‘buffer’ patches are fitted at both head and tack, which are designed to distribute the loads on the sail when reefed. • Reefing marks located on the starboard side of the tack buffer patch provide a visual mark for setting up pre-determined reefing locations. These are located 508mm/1’-8” and 1040mm / 3’-5” aft of the tack. • A telltale ‘window’ at the leading edge of the sail located about 14% of the luff length above the tack of the sail and is designed to allow the helmsperson to easily see the wind flowing around the leading edge of the sail when sailing upwind and close-hauled. The tell-tales are red and green, so that one can quickly identify the leeward and weather telltales.
    [Show full text]
  • The Weather Helm Issue (Rev 20 02 2020)
    Corbin 39 – the weather helm issue (rev 20 02 2020) Synopsis The subject of weather helm comes up repeatedly when discussing the Corbin 39 and not all of the folklore is justified. This note attempts to summarise the issue and to relate it to sufficient evidence, and to qualitative theory, that we can be reasonably certain of the situation. Remember - It is possible to overpower a yacht and induce weather helm, what we are trying to do is identify excessive weather helm. The key take-away is that the excessive weather helm was a genuine issue, which affected all the mk1 cutters irrespective of whether they were equipped with the taller double-spreader mast or the shorter single-spreader mast, provided that the mast was set in the intended aft mast position. Perhaps this was worse in the mk1 tallmast vs the mk1 shortmast, but we are not at all certain of that. All the mk1’s that had the forestay relocated onto a 3-foot long bowsprit were later able to alleviate this to an extent. The mk 1’s that have reduced the area of their main by shortening the mainsail boom & foot (or used in-mast furling) have reportedly completely eliminated this weather helm. All other versions including the mk1 ketches and all the mk2 cutters & ketches appear to be completely unaffected. This is the first openly published version of this analysis. Previous drafts were incomplete and drew erroneous conclusions in some areas due to an absence of reliable data. That has now been overcome as further evidence has come forwards, and so there are material differences between this version and previous drafts.
    [Show full text]
  • Quarterly Reporter - April 2011 South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Sport Diver Newsletters Maritime Research Division 4-2011 Quarterly Reporter - April 2011 South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/mrd_sdnl Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation University of South Carolina, "Maritime Research Division, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology - Quarterly Reporter, Volume 2/Issue 1, April 2011". http://scholarcommons.sc.edu/mrd_sdnl/5/ This Newsletter is brought to you by the Maritime Research Division at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sport Diver Newsletters by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. April 2011 Volume 2, Issue 1 Quarterly Reporter Things You Need “Helping to preserve and protect South Carolina’s maritime heritage through research, education, and public outreach.” to Know: • 2011 Quarter 1 NEW! E-Artifact Report Submission System Reports Due April 10, 2011 By SDAMP We are very excited to Hobby License number. when it starts out. If • NEW E-Form announce that the new Once logged in you will you encounter any Available Online and improved artifact need to change your trouble, please contact online submission form password to a secure us and let us know. • Allendale Project will be available April one of your choice. Additionally, there are Sign-Up 11, 2011, to accept Once you have some aspects of the submissions of your completed this, you will system that are still • Artifact Identification artifact reports! Yes, be able to submit your under construction, so Workshop June we will allow you 1 day reports.
    [Show full text]
  • Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine
    Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 7KH-RXUQDORIWKH6RXWK3DFL¿F8QGHUZDWHU0HGLFLQH6RFLHW\ ,QFRUSRUDWHGLQ9LFWRULD $% ISSN 1833 - 3516 Volume 37 No. 4 ABN 29 299 823 713 December 2007 Diving expeditions: from Antarctica to the Tropics Diving deaths in New Zealand Epilepsy and diving – time for a change? Mechanical ventilation of patients at pressure Print Post Approved PP 331758/0015 9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZKdajbZ(,Cd#)9ZXZbWZg'%%, PURPOSES OF THE SOCIETY IdegdbdiZVcY[VX^a^iViZi]ZhijYnd[VaaVheZXihd[jcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ Idegdk^YZ^c[dgbVi^dcdcjcYZglViZgVcY]neZgWVg^XbZY^X^cZ IdejWa^h]V_djgcVa IdXdckZcZbZbWZghd[i]ZHdX^ZinVccjVaanViVhX^Zci^ÄXXdc[ZgZcXZ OFFICE HOLDERS EgZh^YZci 9g8]g^h6Xdii (%EVg`6kZcjZ!GdhhancEVg` :çbV^a1XVXdii5deijhcZi#Xdb#Vj3 Hdji]6jhigVa^V*%,' EVhiçEgZh^YZci 9gGdWncLVa`Zg &'7VggVaa^ZgHigZZi!<g^[Äi] :çbV^a1GdWnc#LVa`Zg5YZ[ZcXZ#\dk#Vj3 68I'+%( HZXgZiVgn 9gHVgV]H]Vg`Zn E#D#7DM&%*!CVggVWZZc :çbV^a1hejbhhZXgZiVgn5\bV^a#Xdb3 CZlHdji]LVaZh'&%& IgZVhjgZg 9g<jnL^aa^Vbh E#D#7dm&.%!GZY=^aaHdji] :çbV^a1hejbh5[VhibV^a#cZi3 K^Xidg^V(.(, :Y^idg 6hhdX#Egd[#B^`Z9Vk^h 8$d=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZJc^i :çbV^a1hejbh_5XY]W#\dki#co3 8]g^hiX]jgX]=dhe^iVa!Eg^kViZ7V\),&%!8]g^hiX]jgX]!CO :YjXVi^dcD[ÄXZg 9g;^dcVH]Vge ').XC^X]dahdcGdVY!H]ZcidcEVg` :çbV^a1h]Vge^Z[5YdXidgh#dg\#j`3 LZhiZgc6jhigVa^V+%%- EjWa^XD[ÄXZg 9gKVcZhhV=VaaZg E#D#7dm-%'(!8Vggjb9dlch :çbV^a1kVcZhhV#]VaaZg5XYbX#Xdb#Vj3 K^Xidg^V('%& 8]V^gbVc6CO=B< 9g9Vk^YHbVgi 9ZeVgibZcid[9^k^c\VcY=neZgWVg^XBZY^X^cZ :çbV^a1YVk^Y#hbVgi5Y]]h#iVh#\dk#Vj3 GdnVa=dWVgi=dhe^iVa!=dWVgi!IVhbVc^V,%%% LZWbVhiZg
    [Show full text]
  • Jonathan Bird Phd FINAL 2 June 2019
    READY EXERCISER ONE: EXAMINING THE EFFICACY OF IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EXERCISE DOMAIN A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Jonathan M. Bird BSc, MSc, CSci Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences Department of Life Sciences College of Health and Life Sciences Brunel University London 2019 ii Abstract The present programme of research sought to examine the effects of audio-visual stimuli during exercise, using immersive, commercially available technologies. Three original studies were conducted using a range of settings (i.e., real-world, laboratory), methodologies (i.e., qualitative and quantitative), exercise modalities (i.e., gym workouts, cycle ergometry) and consumer products (e.g., music-video channels, virtual reality head-mounted displays) in order to explore the main research question from various perspectives. A substantive theory was proposed in Study 1 that sought to explain and predict the social process of exercising in the presence of a music-video channel. The model provides support for a three-stage process that commences with the content of the music-video channel. The second stage depicts a series of moderators that revolve around the core category, appraisal of appropriateness. Lastly, a range of effects pertaining to exercisers and facility staff are predicted. Study 2 sought to examine the influence of a range of audio-visual stimuli on cycle ergometer exercise at the ventilatory threshold. The findings indicated that a 360-degree video with music condition elicited the most positive affective valence, greatest perceived activation, most dissociative thoughts, and highest ratings of perceived enjoyment. Study 3 sought to veer towards greater ecological validity with the inclusion of a commercially available virtual reality-enabled cycle ergometer.
    [Show full text]
  • Guided to Fishing and Diving New Jersey Reefs
    67 Artificial Reef Etiquette ♦ Be courteous. On the reefs, it’s first come, first served. Give anchored boats a wide berth. ♦ Watch for divers. Stay away from boats displaying a “diver down” flag (see back cover). ♦ Release alive all fish and shellfish you are not planning to eat. ♦ Don’t be a fish hog. Limit your catch to a reasonable number of fish. Save some for the next trip. ♦ Observe all State and Federal fishing regulations. ♦ Do not litter. Do not throw any trash overboard. Plastic bags and fishing line kill fish, turtles and birds. ♦ Do not tamper with commercial fishing gear. A side-scan sonar image of New Jersey’s largest artificial reef, the Algol. The Algol is a 460’ Attack Cargo Transport that was sunk on the Shark River Reef site in 1991. Use Caution When Diving • Complete all of the dive courses and obtain all of the certifications necessary for your level of diving. • Divers should proceed with caution when exploring artificial reef structures: * shipwrecks may contain surfaces of sharp, jagged metal * recently deployed reef structures may be unstable, resulting in shifting and falling materials * fishing lines, hooks and net lines fouled in reef structures may snare diving equipment • Divers should not penetrate into the hulls of shipwrecks; the water inside may be dark and murky. • Divers should discontinue dives when visibility is poor or there is a strong storm surge, since these conditions magnify the chances of an accident. • Due to the intensity of boat traffic on artificial reef sites, all diving should be done from an anchored vessel.
    [Show full text]
  • WSF Freediver - Management
    WSF Freediver - Management World Series Freediving™ www.freedivingRAID.com MANAGEMENT WSF Freediver - Management THE 4 FREEDIVING ELEMENTS ....................................................................... 2 EQUALISATION .................................................................................................. 2 BREATHING FOR FREEDIVING ...................................................................... 7 RECOVERY BREATHING ................................................................................... 8 FREEDIVING TECHNIQUES ............................................................................. 9 FREEDIVING BUDDY SYSTEM ........................................................................ 12 PROPER BUOYANCY FOR DEPTH FREEDIVING ........................................... 14 ADVENTURE FREEDIVING & COMPETITION ................................................ 18 FREEDIVING ....................................................................................................... 18 TRAINING FOR FREEDIVING ........................................................................... 22 Section 4 - Page 1 RAID WSF FREEDIVER www.freedivingRAID.com THE 4 FREEDIVING ELEMENTS 1. Conserving Oxygen O2 2. Equalisation EQ 3. Flexibility FLX 4. Safety SFE The 5th Element that is key to success is you, the freediver! EQUALISATION EQ Objectives: 1. State 2 processes of equalisation for the eustachian tubes 2. Demonstrate the 5 steps of the Frenzel manoeuvre 3. State the main difference between the Valsalva and Frenzel manoeuvres
    [Show full text]