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A Study in Islamic Culture for Women

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A Study in Islamic Culture for Women A study in Islamic Culture for women Prepared and researched by Madresa MASEEHUL-ULOOM P. O. Box 8072 Schauderville 6060 Port Elizabeth - South Africa First edition: Rajab 1420 / November 1999 Available from the above address TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 6 ISLAM AND THE STATUS OF WOMEN .......................................... 6 THE ORIGIN OF HIJAAB .................................................................... 8 THE MARRIAGE OF HAZRAT ZAINAB .......................................... 9 THE VARIOUS FORMS OF PURDAH ......................................... 10 THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AURAH AND HIJAAB ................. 10 Some fiqah rulings pertaining to salah and satar .................................. 10 1) REMAINING WITHIN THE HOME .......................................... 11 THE DISPLAY OF JAHILIYYAH ...................................................... 11 AH }DEETH OF RASOOLULLAH .................................................... 13 EXISTENCE OF THE ABOVE IN THE TIME OF RASOOLULLAH () ........................................................................................... 14 WOMEN AND THE EIDGAH ............................................................ 15 WOMEN AND THE MOSQUE .......................................................... 16 THE WOMEN OF NABULUS ............................................................ 17 2) COVERING THE WHOLE BODY WHEN EMERGING ........ 18 i CASES OF NECESSITY ACCORDING TO ISLAM ......................... 18 THE WORKING WOMAN ................................................................ 19 ANSWER TO A COMMON OBJECTION AGAINST PURDAH ..... 21 THE JILBAAB OR CLOAK ................................................................ 24 THE NIQAAB OR VEIL...................................................................... 25 THE MEANING OF NIQAAB ............................................................ 25 THE ORIGIN OF NIQAAB ................................................................. 25 CLARIFICATION ON IHRAAM AND CLOTHING: ....................... 27 TO SUMMARIZE THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION ....................... 28 APPLYING PERFUME WHEN GOING OUT ................................... 29 THE WOMAN AND TRAVEL ........................................................ 30 THE HOWDAH.................................................................................... 30 LAWS REGARDING THE MEHRAM ............................................. 31 THE MEHRAM ON A JOURNEY ...................................................... 31 3) THE CLOTHING A WOMAN SHOULD WEAR ...................... 32 TRANSPARENT GARMENTS ........................................................... 32 FIQAH RULING .................................................................................. 34 ii WEARING THE IZAAR (SLACKS) ................................................... 35 UNDER GARMENTS .......................................................................... 35 SILKEN GARMENTS ......................................................................... 36 GARMENTS OF COLOUR ................................................................. 36 FASHIONS, ORNAMENTATION, AND COSMETICS .............. 36 HAIR 36 THE HAIR BUN................................................................................... 37 FIQAH RULING .................................................................................. 36 CUTTING AND TRIMMING THE HAIR .......................................... 37 TASHABBUH OR IMITATION ...................................................... 37 KUFFAR AND FUSSAQ – THE TREND-SETTERS ........................ 39 Organ transplant .................................................................................... 40 THE WIG .............................................................................................. 40 BLACK DYE ........................................................................................ 40 FACIAL BEAUTIFICATION - COSMETICS .................................... 40 RULES ON COSMETICS .................................................................... 41 THE PRACTICE OF HIDAAD ........................................................... 42 iii SILICONE IMPLANTS ....................................................................... 43 FACIAL SURGERY ............................................................................ 43 ALTERING THE NATURAL CREATION OF ALLAH .............. 43 REMOVAL OF PUBIC AND FACIAL HAIR .................................... 43 REMOVING OR ALTERING THE FRONT TEETH ......................... 44 FINGERNAILS .................................................................................... 44 THE SEX-CHANGE OPERATION AND TRANSVESTISM ........... 45 HERMAPHRODITES .......................................................................... 45 THE USE OF HENNA (MEHNDI) ..................................................... 46 JEWELLERY ....................................................................................... 46 PERMITTED JEWELLERY ................................................................ 46 PROHIBITED JEWELLERY ............................................................... 47 DRESSING UP FOR FUNCTIONS ..................................................... 47 GENERAL LAWS ON HIJAAB ....................................................... 48 RELATIVES FOR WHOM NO HIJAAB IS NECESSARY ............... 48 PURDAH FROM MALE IN-LAWS AND COUSINS ........................ 48 THE FATHER-IN-LAW ...................................................................... 49 iv PURDAH FROM A RELIGIOUS GUIDE OR TUTOR ..................... 50 THE VOICE OF A WOMAN .............................................................. 50 A WOMAN’S RENDITION ................................................................ 50 NECESSARY SPEECH ....................................................................... 51 LISTENING TO THE VOICE OF MENFOLK ................................... 51 EVIL GAZE - A SERIOUS DISEASE ................................................ 52 LAWS ON LOOKING AT AND TOUCHING THE BODY OF ANOTHER ............................................................................... 54 CONTACT BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE MEHRAM RELATIVES ............................................................................. 54 CONTACT BETWEEN A STRANGE MAN AND WOMAN ........... 55 CONVERSATION WITH WOMEN AND GREETING ..................... 55 TELEPHONIC CONVERSATION ...................................................... 55 THE DOCTOR’S CHECKUP .............................................................. 55 COURTING BEFORE MARRIAGE ................................................... 57 CONTACT BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE OR BONDS- WOMAN................................................................................... 58 CONTACT BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE .............................. 58 ETIQUETTE OF SEXUAL INTIMACY ........................................... 58 v Fiqah Laws ............................................................................................ 59 ORAL SEX ........................................................................................... 59 CONTACT BETWEEN TWO MALES .............................................. 60 CONTACT BETWEEN TWO FEMALES ......................................... 60 SIGNS OF QIYAMAT INVOLVING WOMEN ................................. 61 A CLARIFICATION ON THE REALITY OF HIJAAB .................... 62 WOMAN DRIVERS ............................................................................ 63 HORSE-RIDING FOR WOMEN ......................................................... 63 VISITING GRAVES ............................................................................ 63 AN IMPORTANT APPEAL ABOUT THIS BOOK .......................... 64 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................. 65 vi 6 INTRODUCTION The term ‘hijaab’ is an Arabic word meaning a barrier or screen. This is the term used in The Holy Quran to describe the segregation of sexes in Islam. 1 The same word appears in the Hadeeth Shareef too, as we shall later see in a narration of Imam Bukhari . Furthermore, it is evident from the books of all the Ulema of Islam throughout the corridor of Islamic history that this very word was used when discussing the separation of men from women. Hijaab is thus the Islamic and Shar'ee concept of segregation between male and female. Another word used in this context is 'Purdah'. This is an Urdu term for Hijaab. Purdah also means a screen or curtain. In this booklet we will utilize both terms interchangeably. It is quite clear from the above that the practice of Hijaab forms an integral part of Islam, and there exists no grounds for anyone to refute or reject this important teaching of Islam. This claim will be further substantiated as we go along, Insha-Allah. Moreover, the origins of this institution date back right to the very era of our Noble Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) and is not an innovation of Ulema or Moulanas of latter times, as some Muslims have so erroneously claimed. Readers will observe that in this treatise we have not dealt with only the segregation of sexes or the concealing of the female body. Instead, the topics mentioned herein cover a wide range of issues that relate to the female body, as well as correlation between her and male counterparts. ISLAM AND THE STATUS OF WOMEN Anyone who has understood the Islamic viewpoint of Hijaab will undoubtedly acknowledge
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