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Alan Robock Biographical Sketch [email protected], http://www.envsci.rutgers.edu/~robock/ Dr. Alan Robock is a Distinguished Professor of climate science in the Department of Environmental Sciences at Rutgers University. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, in 1970 with a B.A. in Meteorology, and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an S.M. in 1974 and Ph.D. in 1977, both in Meteorology. Before graduate school, he served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in the Philippines. He was a professor at the University of Maryland, 1977-1997, and the State Climatologist of Maryland, 1991-1997, before coming to Rutgers in 1998. Prof. Robock has published more than 400 articles on his research in the area of climate change, including more than 270 peer-reviewed papers. His areas of expertise include climate intervention (also called geoengineering), climatic effects of nuclear war, and effects of volcanic eruptions on climate. He serves as Associate Editor of Reviews of Geophysics, the most highly-cited journal in the Earth Sciences. His honors include being a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the American Meteorological Society (AMS), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the AMS Jule Charney Medal. Prof. Robock was a Lead Author of the most recent Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007). In 2017 the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for “for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its groundbreaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons” based partly on the work of Prof. Robock. April 2, 2021 .

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For Bibliography by Year, See the Website)
THIS IS THE TEXT OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY IN THE WEB SITE “THE DISCOVERY OF GLOBAL WARMING” BY SPENCER WEART, HTTP://WWW.AIP.ORG/HISTORY/CLIMATE. FEBRUARY 2014. COPYRIGHT © 2003-2014 SPENCER WEART & AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS Bibliography by Author (for Bibliography by Year, see the Website) This bibliography may seem long (more than 2500 items), but it has a great many omissions. Please see the discussion of sources in the “Method” essay. Note in particular that the IPCC reports have by far the most complete bibliography for recent scientific work. Abbreviations used in the notes: AIP: Niels Bohr Library at the American Institute of Physics, College Park, MD LDEO: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY SIO: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives, La Jolla, CA Abarbenel, Albert, and Thomas McCluskey (1950). “Is the World Getting Warmer?” Saturday Evening Post, 1 July, pp. 22-23, 57-63. Abbot, Charles G., and F.E. Fowle, Jr. (1908). “Income and Outgo of Heat from the Earth, and the Dependence of Its Temperature Thereon.” Annals of the Astrophysical Observatory (Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC) 2: 159-176. Abbot, Charles G., and F.E. Fowle, Jr. (1913). “Volcanoes and Climate.” Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 60(29): 1-24. Abbot, Charles G. (1967). “Precipitation in Five Continents.” Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 151(5). Abelmann, Andrea, et al. (2006). “Extensive Phytoplankton Blooms in the Atlantic Sector of the Glacial Southern Ocean.” Paleoceanography 21: PA1013 [doi:10.1029/2005PA001199, 2006]. Abelson, P.H. (1977). “Energy and Climate.” Science 197: 941. Abe-Ouchi, Ayako, et al. (2013). “Insolation-Driven 100,000-Year Glacial Cycles and Hysteresis of Ice-Sheet Volume.” Nature 500: 190-93 [doi:10.1038/nature12374].
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Climate Engineering“
Lecture „Climate Engineering“ 1. Introduction Ulrich Platt Institut für Umweltphysik Lecture Program of „Climate Engineering Part 1: Introduction to the Climate System (4 sessions) 1. Introduction and scope of the lecture 2. The Climate System – Radiation Balance 3. Elements of the Climate System - Greenhouse Gases, Clouds, Aerosol 4. Dynamics of the Climate System - Sensitivity, Predictions Part 2: Climate Engineering Methods - Solar Radiation Management, SRM 1. SRM – Reflectors in space 2. SRM – Aerosol in the Stratosphere 3. SRM – Cloud Whitening 4. SRM – Anything else Part 3: Climate Engineering Methods – Carbon Dioxide Removal, CDR 1. Direct CO 2 removal from air 2. Alkalinity to the ocean (enhanced weathering) 3. Ocean fertilization 4. Removal of other greenhouse gases Part 4: CE – Effectiveness, Side Effects (3 sessions) 1. Comparison of Techniques, characterisation of side effects 2. Other parameters than temperature 3. Summary 2 Contents of Today's Lecture • Global Warming - „Climate Change“ • What is Climate Engineering • Why Climate Engineering? • Physics of Climate – which knobs to turn? • „Leverage“ of CE-Techniques • Techniques to influence the climate, examples • Even stranger ideas • Conclusion Literature Bodansky, D. (1996), 'May we Engineer the Climate?', Climatic Change 33 , 309-321. Boyd, P. W. (2008), 'Ranking geo-engineering schemes', Nature Geoscience 1, 722-724. Cicerone, R. J. (2006), Geoengineering: Encouraging research and overseeing implementation, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC, chapter Climatic Change, pp. 221-226. Crutzen, P. J. (2006), 'Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma?', Climatic Change 77(3-4), 211--220. Feichter, J. & Leisner, T. (2009), 'Climate engineering: A critical review of approaches to modify the global energy balance', The European Physical Journal - Special Topics 176(1), 81--92 Hegerl, G.
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The Surprising and Unambiguous Policy Relevance of the Cuban Missile Crisis James G
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Global Climate Change Control: Is There a Better Strategy Than Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions?
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Climatic and Humanitarian Impacts of Nuclear
Climatic and Humanitarian Impacts of Nuclear War Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey USA [email protected] Physicists Coalition for Nuclear Threat Reduction “What’s the use of having developed a science well enough to make predictions if, in the end, all we’re willing to do is stand around and wait for them to come true?” The New Yorker, June 9, 1986. Eos, volume 93, number 41, October 9, 2012 Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences 1. Nuclear winter theory 2. Analogs, to test the theory 3. Policy implications 4. Doing something about it (You can join the Physicists Coalition for Nuclear Threat Reduction.) Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences Sponsors Alan Robock Department of Environmental Sciences This presentation is based on the following recent papers: Coupe, Joshua, Charles G. Bardeen, Alan Robock, and Owen B. Toon, 2019: Nuclear winter responses to global nuclear war in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 4 and the Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 124, 8522-8543, doi:10.1029/2019JD030509. Jägermeyr, Jonas, Alan Robock, Joshua Elliott, Christoph Müller, Lili Xia, Nikolay Khabarov, Christian Folberth, Erwin Schmid, Wenfeng Liu, Florian Zabel, Sam S. Rabin, Michael J. Puma, Alison C. Heslin, James Franke, Ian Foster, Senthold Asseng, Charles G. Bardeen, Owen B. Toon, and Cynthia Rosenzweig, 2020: A regional nuclear conflict would compromise global food security. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 117, 7071-7081, doi:10.1073/pnas.1919049117. Lovenduski, Nicole S., Cheryl S. Harrison, Holly Olivarez, Charles G. Bardeen, Owen B.
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Conversations with Professor Alan Robock, July 27 and 29, 2016 Participants Summary Approaches to Addressing Climate Change
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20 Reasons Why Geoengineering May Be a Bad Idea Carbon Dioxide Emissions Are Rising So
Vol. 64, No. 2, p. 14-18, 59 DOI: 10.2968/064002006 20 reasons why geoengineering may be a bad idea Carbon dioxide emissions are rising so fast that some scientists are seriously considering putting Earth on life support as a last resort. But is this cure worse than the disease? BY AlAN roBoCk he stated objective of the aerosols into the stratosphere as a means trigger algal blooms; genetic modifica- 1992T U.N. Framework Convention on Cli- to block sunlight and cool Earth. Another tion of crops to increase biotic carbon mate Change is to stabilize greenhouse respected climate scientist, Tom Wigley, uptake; carbon capture and storage tech- gas concentrations in the atmosphere “at followed up with a feasibility study in Sci- niques such as those proposed to outfit a level that would prevent dangerous an- ence that advocated the same approach in coal plants; and planting forests are such thropogenic interference with the climate combination with emissions reduction.1 examples. Other schemes involve block- system.” Though the framework conven- The idea of geoengineering traces its ing or reflecting incoming solar radia- tion did not define “dangerous,” that level genesis to military strategy during the tion, for example by spraying seawater is now generally considered to be about early years of the Cold War, when sci- hundreds of meters into the air to seed 450 parts per million (ppm) of carbon di- entists in the United States and the So- the formation of stratocumulus clouds oxide in the atmosphere; the current con- viet Union devoted considerable funds over the subtropical ocean.3 centration is about 385 ppm, up from 280 and research efforts to controlling the Two strategies to reduce incom- ppm before the Industrial Revolution.
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Climate Geoengineering: Solar Radiation Management and Its Implications for Intergenerational Equity
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Geoengineering: Parts I, Ii, and Iii
GEOENGINEERING: PARTS I, II, AND III HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION AND SECOND SESSION NOVEMBER 5, 2009 FEBRUARY 4, 2010 and MARCH 18, 2010 Serial No. 111–62 Serial No. 111–75 and Serial No. 111–88 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science and Technology ( GEOENGINEERING: PARTS I, II, AND III GEOENGINEERING: PARTS I, II, AND III HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION AND SECOND SESSION NOVEMBER 5, 2009 FEBRUARY 4, 2010 and MARCH 18, 2010 Serial No. 111–62 Serial No. 111–75 and Serial No. 111–88 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 53–007PDF WASHINGTON : 2010 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HON. BART GORDON, Tennessee, Chair JERRY F. COSTELLO, Illinois RALPH M. HALL, Texas EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER JR., LYNN C. WOOLSEY, California Wisconsin DAVID WU, Oregon LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas BRIAN BAIRD, Washington DANA ROHRABACHER, California BRAD MILLER, North Carolina ROSCOE G. BARTLETT, Maryland DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois VERNON J. EHLERS, Michigan GABRIELLE GIFFORDS, Arizona FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland JUDY BIGGERT, Illinois MARCIA L. FUDGE, Ohio W.
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This Paper Is a Non-Peer Reviewed Preprint Submitted to Eartharxiv
Expert judgements judgements on solar geoengineering research priorities and challenges Peter J. Irvine1,2, Elizabeth Burns2, Ken Caldeira3, Frank N. Keutsch2, Dustin Tingley4, and David W. Keith2 1Earth Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 2Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 3Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, USA 4Department of Government, Harvard University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Corresponding author: Peter Irvine ([email protected]), ORCID: 0000-0002-5469-1543 Twitter handle: @peteirvine Keywords: Solar Geoengineering, Expert elicitation, climate change, climate research, research priorities, Solar Radiation Management This paper is a non-peer reviewed preprint submitted to EarthArxiv. 1 Abstract Solar geoengineering describes a set of proposals to deliberately alter the earth’s radiative balance to reduce climate risks. We elicit judgements on natural science research priorities for solar geoengineering through a survey and in-person discussion with 72 subject matter experts, including two thirds of all scientists with ≥10 publications on the topic. Experts prioritized Earth system response (33%) and impacts on society and ecosystems (27%) over the human and social dimensions (17%) and developing or improving solar geoengineering methods (15%), with most allocating no effort to weather control or counter-geoengineering. While almost all funding to date has focused on geophysical modeling and social sciences, our experts recommended substantial funding for observations (26%), perturbative field experiments (16%), laboratory research (11%) and engineering for deployment (11%). Of the specific proposals, stratospheric aerosols received the highest average priority (34%) then marine cloud brightening (17%) and cirrus cloud thinning (10%).
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Issue Information
Volume 53 • Issue 2 • June 2015 • Pages 165–592 Reviews of Geophysics THE EDITORS THE ASSOCIATE EDITORS Mark B. Moldwin, Editor in Chief Alan Robock Michel Crucifix University of Michigan Rutgers University Universite Catholique de Louvain Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences Department of Environmental Sciences Louvaine-la-Neuve, Belgium Space Research Building 14 College Farm Road 2455 Hayward Street New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8551, USA Kate Huihsuan Chen Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143 Phone: +1 732.932.9800, ext. 6222 National Taiwan Normal University Phone: +1 734.647.3370 E-mail: [email protected] Taipei, Taiwan, ROC E-mail: [email protected] Eelco Rohling Andrew Gettelman Fabio Florindo National Oceanography Centre NCAR Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia School of Ocean and Earth Science Boulder, CO, USA Via di Vigna Murata 605 European Way Rome, Italy 00143 Southampton, Hampshire S045 5UH, UK Alun Hubbard Phone: +39 06.51860383 Phone: +44 2380.593042 University of Wales Email: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Aberystwyth, Wales, United Kingdom Gregory Okin Journal Program Manager: Rebecca Knowlton Tomoo Katsura University of California Phone: +1 202.777.7454 University of Bayreuth Department of Geography E-mail: [email protected] Bayreuth, Germany 1255 Bunche Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA Phone: +1 310.746.6964 E-mail: [email protected] Manuscript Submission. Reviews of Geophysics is an invitation-only journal. If you Questions of a specific nature will be referred to appropriate staff. The following would like to submit a manuscript for publication consideration, please write a e-mail addresses and direct dial lines to the publications department are provided cover letter describing how your manuscript would benefit the community of to expedite information relative to article status, reprints, and publication fees.
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Alan Robock Q&A with Prominent FAS-Affiliated Scientists and Engineers
FAS FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS Scientist Spotlight with Alan Robock Q&A with prominent FAS-affiliated scientists and engineers E-mail interview conducted by Allison Feldman, FAS Dr. Alan Robock is a Distinguished Professor of climate science in the Department of Environmental Sciences at Rutgers University. He was a professor at the University of Maryland, 1977-1997, and the State Climatologist of Maryland, 1991-1997, before coming to Rutgers. Prof. Robock has published more than 370 articles on his research in the area of climate change, including more than 220 peer-reviewed papers. His areas of expertise include geoengineering, climatic effects of nuclear war, effects of volcanic eruptions on climate, and soil moisture. Robock serves as Editor of Reviews of Geophysics, the most highly-cited journal in the Earth Sciences. His honors include being a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the American Meteorological Society (AMS), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the AMS Jule Charney Award. Robock was a Lead Author of the 2013 Working Group 1 Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007). He recently served as a member of the Board of Trustees of the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, which operates the National Center for Atmospheric Research. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, in 1970 with a B.A. in Meteorology, and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with an S.M. in 1974 and Ph.D. in 1977, both in Meteorology. Before graduate school, he served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in the Philippines.
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