Complex Garment Systems to Survive in Outer Space
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Testing of the Z-2 Space Suit at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory
47th International Conference on Environmental Systems ICES-2017-250 16-20 July 2017, Charleston, South Carolina Testing of the Z-2 Space Suit at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory Ian M. Meginnis,1 Richard A. Rhodes,2 Kristine N. Larson,3 and Amy J. Ross4 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058 The Z-2 space suit is the product of the last fifty years of NASA’s space suit research and testing experience. The Z-2 suit was originally developed as an exploration space suit for use on a planetary surface, such as the moon or Mars. However, Z-2 could also be used in microgravity at the International Space Station (ISS) to supplement or replace the existing extravehicular mobility unit (EMU). To evaluate the microgravity performance of Z-2 for compatibility at the ISS, the suit was tested in NASA’s Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL), which is the primary simulated microgravity testing environment for space suits. Seven test subjects, including five astronauts, performed various tasks that are representative of the tasks performed at the ISS. Test subjects performed tasks in the Z-2 suit and the EMU so that relative comparisons could be drawn between the two suits. Two configurations of the Z-2 space suit were evaluated during this test series: the EMU lower torso assembly (ELTA) configuration and the Z-2 lower torso assembly (ZLTA) configuration. The ELTA configuration, which was the primary test configuration, is comprised of the Z-2 upper torso and the EMU lower torso. The ZLTA configuration is comprised of the Z-2 upper torso and the Z-2 lower torso, which contains additional mobility elements. -
The EVA Spacesuit
POLITECNICO DI TORINO Repository ISTITUZIONALE Glove Exoskeleton for Extra-Vehicular Activities: Analysis of Requirements and Prototype Design Original Glove Exoskeleton for Extra-Vehicular Activities: Analysis of Requirements and Prototype Design / Favetto, Alain. - (2014). Availability: This version is available at: 11583/2546950 since: Publisher: Politecnico di Torino Published DOI:10.6092/polito/porto/2546950 Terms of use: openAccess This article is made available under terms and conditions as specified in the corresponding bibliographic description in the repository Publisher copyright (Article begins on next page) 04 August 2020 POLITECNICO DI TORINO DOCTORATE SCHOOL Ph. D. In Informatics and Systems – XXV cycle Doctor of Philosophy Thesis Glove Exoskeleton for Extra-Vehicular Activities Analysis of Requirements and Prototype Design (Part One) Favetto Alain Advisor: Coordinator: Prof. Giuseppe Carlo Calafiore Prof. Pietro Laface kp This page is intentionally left blank Dedicato a mio Padre... Al tuo modo ruvido di trasmettere le emozioni. Al tuo senso del dovere ed al tuo altruismo. Ai tuoi modi di fare che da piccolo non capivo e oggi sono parte del mio essere. A tutti i pensieri e le parole che vorrei averti detto e che sono rimasti solo nella mia testa. A te che mi hai sempre trattato come un adulto. A te che te ne sei andato prima che adulto lo potessi diventare davvero. opokp This page is intentionally left blank Index INDEX Index .................................................................................................................................................5 -
SPACE SUIT DEVELOPMENT STATUS by Richard S
NASA TECHNICAL NOTE NASA TN D-3291 -_ -_ c-- * a/ A KI R -1- i SPACE SUIT DEVELOPMENT STATUS by Richard S. Johnston, James V. Correale, and Matthew I. Radnofsky Manned Spacecraft Center Hozcston, Texas N AT10 N A 1 AERO N AUT1CS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. FEBRUARY 1966 n TECH LIBRARY KAFB, NM , Illllll 11111 Illlll I llllllllll Ill1111 i 00797BL NASA 'I"D-3291 SPACE SUIT DEVELOPMENT STATUS By Richard S. Johnston, James V. Correale, and Matthew I. Radnofsky Manned Spacecraft Center Houston, Texas NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information Springfield, Virginia 22151 - Price $1.00 ABSTRACT Space suit development, starting with the Mercury program, has progressed to its present sta tus as a result of the changing goals of each manned spacecraft mission. The first space suits were de signed primarily for protection of flight crews against the possibility of cabin pressure failure. Longer flights and extravehicular activities required design philosophies to change drastically, particularly in the areas of comfort, mobility, reliability, and life- sustaining systems. Future mission goals will re quire new design objectives and requirements. ii SPACE SUIT DEVELOPMENT STATUS By Richard S. Johnston, James V. Correale, and Matthew I. Radnofsky Manned Spacecraft Center SUMMARY Space suits for the Mercury missions were designed primarily for pro tection of flight crews against the possibility of cabin pressure failure. How ever, goals of the Gemini program, particularly extravehicular activities, caused space suit design philosophies to change drastically. The suit had-to sustain life. A basic design was selected to satisfy all mission requirements. -
Balloon Astronaut San Jose, CA 95113 1-408-294-8324 Design Challenge Learning Thetech.Org
201 S. Market St. Balloon Astronaut San Jose, CA 95113 1-408-294-8324 Design Challenge Learning thetech.org Students investigate properties of materials and colliding objects by designing spacesuits for balloon astronauts. The objective is to design spacesuits that can withstand the hazards of high velocity impacts from space debris and meteoroids. As students iterate through this design challenge, they gain firsthand experience in the design process. Balloon Astronaut1 Grades 2-8 Estimated time: 45 minutes Student Outcomes: 1. Students will be able to design and build a protective device to keep their balloon astronaut from popping when impaled by a falling nail. 2. Students will be able to explain design considerations based on material characteristics, and concepts of energy, velocity, and the physics of colliding objects. 3. Students will be able to utilize the three step design process to meet an engineering challenge. Next Generation Science Standards Grade 2-5: Engineering Design K-2-ETS1-1, K-2-ETS1-2, K-2-ETS1-3, 3-5-ETS1-1, 3-5-ETS1-2, 3-5-ETS1-3 Grade 2: Physical Science 2-PS1-1, 2-PS1-2 Grade 3: Physical Science 3-PS2-1 Grade 4: Physical Science 4-PS3-1, 4-PS3-3, 4-PS3-4 Grade 5: Physical Science 5-PS2-1 Grade 6-8: Engineering Design MS-ETS1-1, MS-ETS1-2, MS-ETS1-3, MS-ETS1-4; Physical Science MS-PS2-1, MS-PS2-2, MS-PS3-2, MS-PS3-5 Common Core Language Arts-Speaking and Listening Grade 2: SL.2.1a-c, SL.2.3, SL.2.4a Grade 3: SL.3.1b-d, SL.3.3, SL.3.4a Grade 4: SL.4.1b-d, SL.4.4a Grade 5: SL.5.1b-d, SL.5.4 Grade 6: SL.6.1b-d Grade 7: SL.7.1b-d Grade 8: SL.8.1b-d California Science Content Grade 2: Physical Science 1.a-c; Investigation and Experimentation 4.a, 4.c-d Grade 3: Investigation and Experimentation 5.a-b, d Grade 4: Investigation and Experimentation 6.a, 6.c-d Grade 5: Investigation and Experimentation 6.a-c, 6.h Grade 6: Investigation and Experimentation 7.a-b, 7.d-e Grade 7: Investigation and Experimentation 7.a, 7.c-e Grade 8: Physical Science 1.a-e, 2.a-g; Investigation and Experimentation 9.b-c 1 Developed from a program designed by NASA. -
Space Sector Brochure
SPACE SPACE REVOLUTIONIZING THE WAY TO SPACE SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGIES PROPULSION Moog provides components and subsystems for cold gas, chemical, and electric Moog is a proven leader in components, subsystems, and systems propulsion and designs, develops, and manufactures complete chemical propulsion for spacecraft of all sizes, from smallsats to GEO spacecraft. systems, including tanks, to accelerate the spacecraft for orbit-insertion, station Moog has been successfully providing spacecraft controls, in- keeping, or attitude control. Moog makes thrusters from <1N to 500N to support the space propulsion, and major subsystems for science, military, propulsion requirements for small to large spacecraft. and commercial operations for more than 60 years. AVIONICS Moog is a proven provider of high performance and reliable space-rated avionics hardware and software for command and data handling, power distribution, payload processing, memory, GPS receivers, motor controllers, and onboard computing. POWER SYSTEMS Moog leverages its proven spacecraft avionics and high-power control systems to supply hardware for telemetry, as well as solar array and battery power management and switching. Applications include bus line power to valves, motors, torque rods, and other end effectors. Moog has developed products for Power Management and Distribution (PMAD) Systems, such as high power DC converters, switching, and power stabilization. MECHANISMS Moog has produced spacecraft motion control products for more than 50 years, dating back to the historic Apollo and Pioneer programs. Today, we offer rotary, linear, and specialized mechanisms for spacecraft motion control needs. Moog is a world-class manufacturer of solar array drives, propulsion positioning gimbals, electric propulsion gimbals, antenna positioner mechanisms, docking and release mechanisms, and specialty payload positioners. -
2020 Crew Health & Performance EVA Roadmap
NASA/TP-20205007604 Crew Health and Performance Extravehicular Activity Roadmap: 2020 Andrew F. J. Abercromby1 Omar Bekdash4 J. Scott Cupples1 Jocelyn T. Dunn4 E. Lichar Dillon2 Alejandro Garbino3 Yaritza Hernandez4 Alexandros D. Kanelakos1 Christine Kovich5 Emily Matula6 Matthew J. Miller7 James Montalvo6 Jason Norcross4 Cameron W. Pittman7 Sudhakar Rajulu1 Richard A. Rhodes1 Linh Vu8 1NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 2University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 3GeoControl Systems Inc., Houston, Texas 4KBR, Houston, Texas 5The Aerospace Corporation, Houston, Texas 6Stinger Ghaffarian Technologies (SGT) Inc., Houston, Texas 7Jacobs Technology, Inc., Houston, Texas 8MEI Technologies, Inc., Houston, Texas National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 77058 October 2020 The NASA STI Program Office ... in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. advancement of aeronautics and space science. The Collected papers from scientific and NASA scientific and technical information (STI) technical conferences, symposia, seminars, program plays a key part in helping NASA or other meetings sponsored or maintain this important role. co-sponsored by NASA. The NASA STI program operates under the • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. technical, or historical information from It collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and NASA programs, projects, and missions, disseminates NASA’s STI. The NASA STI often concerned with subjects having program provides access to the NTRS Registered substantial public interest. and its public interface, the NASA Technical Report Server, thus providing one of the largest • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. collections of aeronautical and space science STI in English-language translations of foreign the world. Results are published in both non-NASA scientific and technical material pertinent to channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report NASA’s mission. -
This Preview Includes the Entire Resource. the Teacher Information
This preview includes the entire resource. The teacher information pages and two of the student pages are unmarked so that you can try before you buy! I I Literacy is a challenging, quick, and fun way to reinforce ELA and reading skills. Each page features a different theme, so not only will your students be practicing skills, they will also be learning about curriculum-based, high-interest topics. Each page has its own unique design, so students will never get bored seeing the same old thing over and over. While each page is different, they do have some elements in common. Each page features: • 6 standards-based ELA/Reading activities, each in its own space. Activities are numbered for easy reference. • An open-ended bonus activity, marked by a star, at the bottom of the page to be completed on the backside. Perfect for fast finishers, as homework, or extra credit. • A short reading passage with one or two text-dependent questions. Most of the passages are informational text (written by a published author of over 100 nonfiction books for children), but a few are fictional – just to shake things up. The questions are more closely aligned to close reading than simple comprehension. • A theme-based joke or fun fact (joke answers can be found upside down in the bottom right hand corner). • A list of the skills addressed at the bottom (indicated by a picture of a nail – which stands for “nailed it!”) This list repeats in the table of contents for easy reference. • A picture of a whale in the upper right corner simply because it is so adorable. -
2018 Annual Report San Diego Air & Space Museum Connections Mission Statement
2018 ANNUAL REPORT SAN DIEGO AIR & SPACE MUSEUM CONNECTIONS MISSION STATEMENT VISION VALUES The San Diego Air & Space Museum, one of the world’s The San Diego Air & Space Museum adheres to impeccable premier air and space-themed science center and professional standards as it preserves, interprets, educates museum, inspires our next greatest generations to achieve and shares its rich aviation and space resources: excellence in their lives by challenging their innate human • To act as exceptional stewards on behalf of the general pioneering spirit and encouraging the necessary risk- public and earn the trust of our donors and members taking required to achieve global innovation success. by caring for our collections. Interpret our collections MISSION accurately and use society’s generosity in a beneficial PRESERVE…INSPIRE…EDUCATION…CELEBRATE! manner conducive to the spirit of excellence on behalf of the common good for all. PRESERVE significant artifacts of air and space history and technology. • To inspire an interest in science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM) and innovation, as well as history. INSPIRE excellence in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Inspire the necessary risk-taking in future generations to ensure continued exploration of the outer bounds of EDUCATE the public about the historical and social what can be. significance of air and space technology and its future promise as a pathway to advanced innovations. • To educate through public outreach and engagement. CELEBRATE aviation and space flight history and • To honor the legacy of aviation and space flight technology. technology and the men and women who forged the path for others to emulate. -
Modeling Space Suit Mobility: Applications to Design and Operations
2001-01-2162 Modeling Space Suit Mobility: Applications to Design and Operations P. B. Schmidt and D. J. Newman Massachusetts Institute of Technology E. Hodgson Hamilton Sundstrand Space Systems International Copyright © 2001 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. ABSTRACT date repetitive tasks. Computer simulation also aids in future space suit design by allowing new space suit or Computer simulation of extravehicular activity (EVA) is component designs to be evaluated without the expense increasingly being used in planning and training for EVA. of constructing and certifying prototypes for human test- A space suit model is an important, but often overlooked, ing. While dynamic simulation is not currently used for component of an EVA simulation. Because of the inher- EVA planning, it has been used for post-flight analyses ent difficulties in collecting angle and torque data for [1, 2]. Other computer-based modeling and analysis space suit joints in realistic conditions, little data exists on techniques are used in pre-flight evaluations of EVA tasks the torques that a space suit’s wearer must provide in and worksites [3, 4]. order to move in the space suit. A joint angle and torque database was compiled on the Extravehicular Maneuver- An important shortcoming of current EVA models is that ing Unit (EMU), with a novel measurement technique that they lack an accurate representation of the torques that used both human test subjects and an instrumented are required to bend the joints of the space suit. The robot. Using data collected in the experiment, a hystere- shuttle EMU, like all pressurized space suits, restricts sis modeling technique was used to predict EMU joint joint motion to specific axes and ranges and has a ten- torques from joint angular positions. -
Physiology of Decompressive Stress
CHAPTER 3 Physiology of Decompressive Stress Jan Stepanek and James T. Webb ... upon the withdrawing of air ...the little bubbles generated upon the absence of air in the blood juices, and soft parts of the body, may by their vast numbers, and their conspiring distension, variously streighten in some places and stretch in others, the vessels, especially the smaller ones, that convey the blood and nourishment: and so by choaking up some passages, ... disturb or hinder the circulation of the blouod? Not to mention the pains that such distensions may cause in some nerves and membranous parts.. —Sir Robert Boyle, 1670, Philosophical transactions Since Robert Boyle made his astute observations in the Chapter 2, for details on the operational space environment 17th century, humans have ventured into the highest levels and the potential problems with decompressive stress see of the atmosphere and beyond and have encountered Chapter 10, and for diving related problems the reader problems that have their basis in the physics that govern this is encouraged to consult diving and hyperbaric medicine environment, in particular the gas laws. The main problems monographs. that humans face when going at altitude are changes in the gas volume within body cavities (Boyle’s law) with changes in ambient pressure, as well as clinical phenomena THE ATMOSPHERE secondary to formation of bubbles in body tissues (Henry’s law) secondary to significant decreases in ambient pressure. Introduction In the operational aerospace setting, these circumstances are Variations in Earthbound environmental conditions place of concern in high-altitude flight (nonpressurized aircraft limits and requirements on our activities. -
January 2017 AEROSPACE
AEROSPACE January 2017 44 Number 1 Volume Society Royal Aeronautical JANUARY 2017 NEWSPACE START- UPS AIM FOR ORBIT BREXIT – TAILWIND OR TURBULENCE? VIRTUAL HELICOPTER DESIGN www.aerosociety.com REDRESSING THE BALANCE RECRUITING MORE FEMALE PILOTS Have you renewed your Membership Subscription for 2017? Your membership subscription is due on 1 January 2017 and any unpaid memberships will lapse on 31 March 2017. As per the Society’s Regulations, all How to renew: membership benefits will be suspended where Online: a payment for an individual subscription has Log in to your account on the Society’s www.aerosociety.com not been received after three months of the website to pay at . If you due date. However, this excludes members do not have an account, you can register online paying their annual subscriptions by Direct and pay your subscription straight away. Debits in monthly instalments to October. Telephone: Call the Subscriptions Department +44 (0)20 7670 4315 / 4304 We don’t want you to lose all of your on membership benefits, which include: Cheque: Cheques should be made payable to • Your monthly subscription to AEROSPACE the Royal Aeronautical Society and sent to the magazine Subscriptions Department at No.4 Hamilton • Use of your RAeS post nominals as Place, London W1J 7BQͭ UK. applicable Direct Debit: Complete the Direct Debit • Over 400 global events yearly mandate form included in your renewal letter • Discounted rates for conferences or complete the mandate form online once you • Online publications including Society News, have logged into your account by 16 January. blogs and podcasts BACS Transfer: • Involvement with your local branch Pay by Bank Transfer (or by • Networking opportunities BACS) into the Society’s bank account, quoting your name and membership number. -
Mars One Applicant Study Material Booklet
COMPILED BY MICHAEL GRUNDLING Index: PAGE WHAT ’S THE HISTORIC SUCCESS RATE OF MISSIONS TO MARS ............................................................... 3 THE ROADMAP ..................................................................................................................................... 5 WHAT HAPPENS AFTER THE FIRST HUMANS ’ ARRIVAL ON MARS ? ............................................................. 11 WILL THE MISSION BE HARMFUL TO MARS ’ ENVIRONMENT ? ..................................................................... 12 IS THIS A SUSTAINABLE MISSION ?........................................................................................................... 13 WHAT GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEM AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE WILL BE IMPLEMENTED ON MARS ? .................... 14 WHAT WILL THE ASTRONAUTS DO ON MARS ? ......................................................................................... 15 WHAT ARE THE RISKS OF DUST AND SAND ON MARS ? ............................................................................. 17 IS IT SAFE TO LIVE ON MARS ? ................................................................................................................ 19 HOW SAFE IS THE JOURNEY ? ................................................................................................................. 20 HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO TRAVEL TO MARS ? .................................................................................... 21 WHY MARS , AND NOT ANOTHER PLANET ? .............................................................................................