Global Winds Global Wind Paerns Winds that blow steadily from ______direconsspecific
over ______distances.long
Created by the ______unequal heating
of Earth’s surface.
Result of Sun striking the surface at ______angleshigher
near the equator and at much ______angles nearlower
the poles.
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Wind Belts Wind Belts troposphere Global winds would simply flow directly from the poles to the Giant ______currents in the ______convection equator creang one large convecon cell in each hemisphere:
Warm air ______at equator and cold air ______rises sinks at the poles
Creates ______pressure at equator and ______low high pressure at poles
Surface winds blow from ______to ______pressure areashigh low
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Wind Belts Wind Belts However, the Earth is not ______, it ______stationary rotates Smaller convecon cells:
______cell:Hadley
0 Earth’s ______is responsible for breaking the rotation Air rising at the ______and sinking at ______equator 30 latude convecon cells into smaller versions known as ______wind belts Rising air known as the ______Equatorial Low
Sinking air known as the ______Subtropical High
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 1 Wind Belts 600 N Smaller convecon cells:
______cell:Ferrel 0 30 N 0 0 Air sinking at ______latude and rising at ______latude30 60 Subtropical High 00 Sinking air known as the ______Rising air known as the ______Subpolar Low 300 S
600 S
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Wind Belts 600 N Smaller convecon cells:
______cell:Polar 0 30 N 0 0 Air rising at ______latude and sinking at ______latude60 90
Rising air known as the ______Subpolar Low 00 Sinking air known as the ______Polar High 300 S
600 S
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Wind Belts 0 60 N The Earth’s rotaon also causes the winds within each belt to
______through a process called thecurve 300 N ______Coriolis Effect 00
300 S
600 S
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 2 Coriolis Effect Coriolis Effect
Earth rotates from the ______to the ______West East Obeying Newton’s first law of moon (the Law of Intera) :
(This includes objects on or near its surface) An air mass aempts to maintain the speed of its point of origin Earth’s surface has different rates of ______at differentrotation ______away ______latitudes If moving ______from the equator, it will eventually be
______at the equatorfaster moving ______than the land surface below it.faster toward ______at the polesslower If moving ______the equator, it will eventually be
moving ______than the land surface below it.slower
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Coriolis Effect H L 600 N The direcon of the curve can be simplified as follows: slow >>>
right 0 Winds curve to the ______(from their ______point H 30 N
______) in the ______Hemisphereof origin Northern L FAST >>>>>>> 00 Winds curve to the ______(from their ______left point
______) in the ______Hemisphereof origin Southern H 300 S
L 600 S H
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
ESRT (Page 14) Global Wind Belts
Trade Winds (“______”)Trades
Within the ______cell between the latudes of Hadley
0 0 ____ and _____ (or between the ______0 30 Equatoral Low
and the ______)Subtropical High
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 3 Global Wind Belts Global Wind Belts
Trade Winds Trade Winds
The Coriolis effect causes the winds in the Northern Hemisphere All winds are named aer their ______.point of origin to turn toward the ______and the winds in the right Results in winds called the ______
Southern Hemisphere to turn toward the ______.left in the Northern Hemisphere and the ______
______in the Southern Hemisphere
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
ESRT (Page 14) Global Wind Belts
Trade Winds
All winds are named aer their ______.point of origin
Results in winds called the ______Northeast Trades
in the Northern Hemisphere and the ______Southeast
______in the Southern HemisphereTrades
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Global Wind Belts
Prevailing Westerlies (“______”)Westerlies Ferrel NE Trades Within the ______cell between the latudes of 0 0 ____ and _____ (or between the ______30 60 Subtropical High
SE Trades and the ______)Subpolar Low
Major ______in our weather paernsinfluence
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 4 Global Wind Belts Global Wind Belts
Prevailing Westerlies Prevailing Westerlies
The Coriolis effect causes the winds in the Northern Hemisphere Results in winds coming from the ______to turn toward the ______and the winds in the right in the Northern Hemisphere and from the ______
Southern Hemisphere to turn toward the ______.left in the Southern Hemisphere
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
ESRT (Page 14) Global Wind Belts
Prevailing Westerlies
Results in winds coming from the ______Southwest
in the Northern Hemisphere and from the ______Northwest
in the Southern Hemisphere
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Global Wind Belts
Westerlies Polar Easterlies (“______”)Easterlies
Within the ______cell between the latudes of Polar
0 0 ____ and _____ (or between the ______60 90 Subpolar Low
and the ______)Polar High
Westerlies
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 5 Global Wind Belts Global Wind Belts
Polar Easterlies Polar Easterlies
The Coriolis effect causes the winds in the Northern Hemisphere Results in winds coming from the ______to turn toward the ______and the winds in the right in the Northern Hemisphere and from the ______
Southern Hemisphere to turn toward the ______.left in the Southern Hemisphere
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
ESRT (Page 14) Global Wind Belts
Polar Easterlies
Results in winds coming from the ______NE
in the Northern Hemisphere and from the ______SE
in the Southern Hemisphere
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Summary Slide Polar Easterlies
Polar Easterlies
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 6 Planetary Wind and MOISTURE BELTS in the Troposphere Doldrums
Near the equator
Warm air rises steadily
Cool air moves into the area, but it is quickly warmed and rises before it moves along the surface very far
Very lile horizontal moon = lile to no winds
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
Horse Latudes Jet Streams Two in each hemisphere: Near the subtropical high 1. ______Subtropical Jet Cool air sinks very vercally resulng in a small region with very lile horizontal movement of air 2. ______Polar Front Jet
Hundreds of years ago, sailors stranded in these areas ran out of Very high altude winds (somemes as high as 10 km above Earth) food and water for their horses and had to throw them overboard Blow from ______to ______West East
Meander ______and ______along a ______North South wavy path
Hundreds of km wide; only a few km thick (speeds of 200‐400 km/h) ~200 MPH
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM
ESRT (Page 14)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAdv6uAJPxM&feature=youtu.be
Jan 262:45 PM Jan 262:45 PM 7 Local Winds One more quick thing concerning winds…. Sea Breezes:
In the daytime, land heats ______than water.faster
Warm______air ______and creates a ______rises low
pressure area over the ______.land
Air ______over the relatively ______watersinks cool
creating a ______pressure areahigh
Wind will blow from ______to ______.high low
Breeze named for point of ______.origin
Jan 286:38 PM Jan 286:38 PM
Local Winds Local Winds Sea Breezes: Land Breezes:
Hand draw a daytime picture here…. In the nighttime, land cools ______than water.faster
______air ______and creates a ______Cool sinks high
pressure area over the ______.land
Air ______over the relatively ______waterrises warm
creating a ______pressure arealow
Wind will blow from ______to ______.high low
Breeze named for point of ______.origin
Jan 286:38 PM Jan 286:38 PM
Local Winds Land Breezes:
Hand draw a nighttime picture here….
Jan 286:38 PM Jan 318:08 AM 8