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The Third International Congress on Desert Economy - Dakhla The Third International Congress on Desert Economy - Dakhla. Energy Economics between Deserts and Oceans. th st October 20 – 21 , 2021, Dakhla, Morocco. https://sahara-economy3.sciencesconf.org The National School of Business and Management, ENCG Dakhla. https://web.facebook.com/ENCG.DAKHLA.Desert.Sahara.Economy.Development.Conf E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +212618086893 Table of Contents 1. Purpose and scope of The International Congress on Desert Economy – Dakhla, Morocco. 2. Organizing committee. 3. Argument by Dr. Elouali AAILAL. 4. Scientific committee. 5. Themes. 6. Call for Papers. 7. Author guidelines. 8. Publication. 9. PhD Workshop. 10. Sahara Desert Excursion. 11. About this Congress. Purpose and scope of The International Congress on Desert Economy – Dakhla, Morocco. The International Congress on Desert Economy – Dakhla (ICDED) is annually co-organized by the National School of Business and Management (ENCG) of Dakhla - Morocco and the Regional Council of Dakhla Oued Eddahab region. This third edition will be held in Dakhla - Morocco, on October 20th and 21st, 2021. The ultimate purpose of The International Congress on Desert Economy, is to be an interdisciplinary scientific research platform on the desert, arid lands, and the Sahara (hot drylands, hyperarid or semi-arid regions, oasis and rural remote areas) economy, management, and development (rural development), in order to contribute effectively to the good governance and in the sustainable development of arid lands worldwide, by attracting and promoting investment opportunities in the Sahara and deserts, and by stimulating meetings between all stakeholders on a global scale: Academics, Professionals, Policy-Makers, Civil society and NGOs..., with a view to fostering cooperation and partnership, among desert countries: Africa and the Gulf States (the MENA and the Sahel...), the United States of America, Australia, China, India..., with the aim of valuing and promoting the desert knowledge and its related studies' and conferences' findings and recommendations, and creating a conducive environment to the exchange of experiences, expertise, trainings, educational practices and innovation, around themes related to the desert economy and to the arid lands management, such as Tourism, travel industry and tourism economics; Agriculture, aquaculture, and agricultural economics (rural economics); The Economics of Water; Renewable energy, energy economics, and energy management; Mining and natural resource management; Transportation and logistics; Fisheries, maritime, sea, and ocean economy; Technology and innovation; Water sports and entertainment, sports economy and sports management; Cultural, tangible and intangible heritage; Biodiversity, wetlands, environment, and nature conservation and management...Thus, each year, an edition will be organized. Besides the main theme of this third edition entitled “Energy Economics between Deserts and Oceans,” it will also be devoted to addressing general issues on the desert (Sahara) economy management and its sustainable development. Note that this third edition of the International Congress on Desert Economy - Dakhla. was supposed to be organized on the last April 21st and 22th , 2020, but due to the current situation th st related to Covid-19 (Coronavirus), it's rescheduled to the next year on October 20 and 21 , 2021. The National School of Business and Management, ENCG Dakhla, Dakhla, Morocco. Organizing committee. Dr. Elouali AAILAL: President and Coordinator of the International Congress on Desert Economy. Dakhla President of the " Desert Action " Association, Dakhla. Morocco. Members: • Elouali Aailal. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Aziz Sair. Director of the National School of Business and Management, ENCG Dakhla. • Juan Manuel Benitez. Dean of the Faculty of Economics, Business, and Tourism. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. • Kaoutar Roussi. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Hassane Amaazoul. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Hajar El Moukhi. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Fadoua Lemsagued, Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Lamiae El Kahri, Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Lahoucine Assellam. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Mehdi Boutaounte. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Youssef Hanyf. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Asmae El Hidani, Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. • Chahida El Idrissi. Research Professor at the ENCG of Dakhla. Argument. Gradually we recognize the incredible benefits of inter-African collaboration (and the enormous cost of the lack of inter-African cooperation) both for Africa itself and for the world. Thanks to multilateral African and international cooperation, deserts and arid lands across the globe, especially in Africa (The Sahara and the Sahel), with their vast and rich natural maritime seaboards and coastlines, are an open workshop and a scene of substantial and Trans-Saharan megaprojects and infrastructures: The DESERTEC Project (Clean and renewable energy), the Great Green Wall for the Sahara and the Sahel Initiative (Greening the Sahara and combating the desertification), the Trans Africa Pipeline Project (Water), the "Power Africa " Initiative, the "Desert to Power" Initiative...Such promising Megaprojects and Initiatives, if fully executed, will undoubtedly contribute to rebirthing Africa into holding its deserved high stature, and will play a pivotal role in keeping up with sustainable development and in ensuring African food security, even more, they will provide abundance in the production for export. The Possible Africa, where there are all ingredients: Diversity and younger population, richness in natural resources, unique geographical configuration and morphology: Savannah, forests, mountains, lakes, vast coasts, deserts, and the Great Sahara Desert. The Sahara Desert, instead of being underexploited, it could be an exclusive competitive advantage and the mythical and memorable brand image for Africa, and it may be the ideal place to boot a strong and long term inter-African and international cooperation in the service of humankind. The targeted sustainable development in arid lands, just like anywhere else, is governed by an environmental transformation that will fundamentally change our lifestyle, as sustainability is its corn stone. Concepts like the green economy or circular economy, the blue or ocean economy, and ecotourism (desert tourism) are all plainly supposed to be renewable energy dependant. Thus, the environmental impact of any human activity, such as, travel and tourism industry, land and maritime transport, shipping and logistics, agricultural and fishing... is a major criterion that will tag the range of receptivity and continuity of these economic activities, in the light of an increasingly environmentally-friendly legal arsenal, with a focus on green finance and cleantech. As a matter of fact, economic development worldwide is entirely dependent on the interactions between energy and economy systems, where our dependence on clean and renewable energy becomes more and more confirmed. Energy Economics could be defined as a branch of economic studies devoted to quantitatively and qualitatively deciphering our well-being and prosperity in their interaction with energy resources. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency, by 2050, the overall total investment in the energy system would need to reach USD 110 trillion (around 2% of average annual GDP over this period), the level of extra investments required to set the world on a more climate-friendly path above current plans and policies, is USD 15 trillion. The share of renewables in the world's total final energy consumption has to increase six times faster to match up to agreed climate goals, precisely, the seventh Sustainable Development Goal, which states for ensuring that everyone will be able to have access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy. For that, international financial flows to developing countries, in support of clean and renewable energy, reached USD 18.6 billion in 2016, almost doubling from USD 9.9 billion in 2010. This trend is likely to increase due to the promising opportunities offered by a steady decline in renewable energy production costs, leading to lower prices. So far, in some countries, oceans and seas still the primary sources of conventional energy (oil, gas), despite their richness in marine renewable energies (offshore energy): traditional marine renewable energies (ocean wind energy and ocean solar energy), wave energy and tidal energy, as specific forms of marine (ocean) power. Also, knowing that ocean-based renewable energy has not yet achieved the economies of scale necessary for significant cost reductions, but, as oceans and seas cover more than 70 % of the Earth’s surface, it's not surprising that a large share of future energy production will probably come from ocean- based renewable energy. To show the potential energy glut, published studies have shown that the ocean wind energy potential is so significant and large enough that it could, theoretically, be used to propel human civilization. Morocco took up the challenge of increasing green renewable energy production from total renewable energy to 52 % by 2030, initially set at 42 % by 2020. This specific achievement becomes a reality thanks to the adoption of an ambitious energy strategy, including generating renewable energies in Moroccan deserts: The
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