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“AMPLIACION MARINA COZUMEL EN QUINTANA ROO”. Contrato No

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“AMPLIACION MARINA COZUMEL EN QUINTANA ROO”. Contrato No PROGRAMA DE RESTAURACION AMBIENTAL PARA LA ZONA CONOCIDA COMO LA CALETA ESTABLECIDOS EN EL PERIODO 2016, PARA EL PROYECTO “AMPLIACION MARINA COZUMEL EN QUINTANA ROO”. Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02 INFORME FINAL Biol. Alonso A. Serna Medina Biol. Rosa María Loreto V. Noviembre 2016. Programa de Restauración Ambiental La Caleta, Cozumel. Contenido PRESENTACION ............................................................................................................................................. 4 1. Determinar el índice de calidad del agua (ICA) en función de los resultados de laboratorio. ............. 5 1.1. Índice de Calidad del Agua ............................................................................................................ 6 1.2. Análisis de Calidad del Agua ......................................................................................................... 6 1.3. Análisis Comparativo con Estándares Nacionales e Internacionales. ......................................... 13 1.4. Clasificación de Calidad del Agua. ............................................................................................... 16 1.5. Determinación del Índice de Calidad del Agua. .......................................................................... 18 1.6. Resultados. .................................................................................................................................. 28 2. Estimación de la cobertura de macroalgas filamentosas en los Arrecifes Dzul Ha, Paraíso u otra formación arrecifal representativa. ............................................................................................................ 38 2.1 Cobertura de macroalgas ............................................................................................................ 39 2.1.1 Objetivo ............................................................................................................................... 39 2.1.2 Sitios de Monitoreo ............................................................................................................. 39 2.1.1 Toma de datos de campo con buceo .................................................................................. 42 Macro-algas ..................................................................................................................................... 42 Corales duros (escleractineos) ........................................................................................................ 44 2.1.2 Resultados ........................................................................................................................... 45 2.1.4.1. Riqueza de especies de macro-algas .................................................................................. 45 2.1.4.2.Cobertura de macro-algas .................................................................................................. 48 2.1.4.3.Riqueza de especies de corales. .......................................................................................... 51 2.1.4.4. Cobertura de corales. ......................................................................................................... 53 3. Continuación del programa de educación ambiental. ........................................................................ 55 3.1 Pláticas informativas a prestadores de sevicio turísticos, personal de FONATUR y visitantes de la Caleta. ..................................................................................................................................................... 56 3.2 Materiales de la campaña de educación ambiental. ........................................................................ 62 3.3. Pláticas informativas para alumnos, profesores y padres de familia de escuelas en Cozumel ....... 63 3.4. Resultados ........................................................................................................................................ 65 4. Reforzamiento de la campaña de limpieza del fondo y bordes de La Caleta. ........................................ 70 4.1 Limpieza del fondo de La Caleta ................................................................................................. 71 4.2 Limpieza de bordes de La Caleta ................................................................................................. 78 5. Análisis de los indicadores ambientales del programa con la finalidad de monitorear el desempeño ambiental. ................................................................................................................................................... 87 5.1 Calidad del Agua de la Caleta. ........................................................................................................... 88 Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02 Informe Final Noviembre 2016 Página 2 de 116 Programa de Restauración Ambiental La Caleta, Cozumel. 5.2 Cobertura de macroalgas filamentosas en los arrecifes Dzul Ha, Paraíso u otra formación arrecifal representativa. ........................................................................................................................................ 90 5.3 Educación Ambiental. ....................................................................................................................... 91 5.4 Limpieza del fondo y bordes de La Caleta. ....................................................................................... 93 5.5 Vivero de coral .................................................................................................................................. 95 6. Implementación de un vivero de coral. .............................................................................................. 95 6.1 Elaboracion de viveros para coral ............................................................................................... 97 6.2 Curación de viveros para coral .................................................................................................... 98 6.3 Identificación de colonias de coral para viveros ............................................................................. 100 6.4 Instalación del vivero de coral ........................................................................................................ 102 6.5 Rescate de colonias de coral del fondo de La Caleta ...................................................................... 106 7. Bibliografia consultada ...................................................................................................................... 115 Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02 Informe Final Noviembre 2016 Página 3 de 116 Programa de Restauración Ambiental La Caleta, Cozumel. PRESENTACION La Consultoría, Gestoría y Asesoría Ambiental “Biomundo” tuvo a bien ejecutar mediante Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02, de fecha del 16 de agosto de 2016, la segunda fase del programa de trabajos tendientes a la restauración de “La Caleta”, para el proyecto “Ampliación Marina Cozumel en Quintana Roo” de acuerdo a las seis acciones validadas por la Dirección General de Impacto y Riesgo Ambiental: 1. Determinar el índice de calidad del agua (ICA) en función de los resultados de laboratorio. 2. Determinar la estimación de la cobertura de macroalgas filamentosas en los Arrecifes Azul Ha, Paraíso u otra formación arrecifal representativa. 3. Continuación del programa de educación ambiental. 4. Reforzamiento de la campaña de limpieza del fondo y bordes de La Caleta. 5. Análisis de los indicadores ambientales del programa con la finalidad de monitorear el desempeño ambiental. 6. Implementación de un vivero de coral (To). A continuación se presenta el Informe de Ejecución de las acciones realizadas en el periodo del 16 de agosto al 30 de noviembre de 2016. Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02 Informe Final Noviembre 2016 Página 4 de 116 Programa de Restauración Ambiental La Caleta, Cozumel. 1. Determinar el índice de calidad del agua (ICA) en función de los resultados de laboratorio. Contrato No. CZPL-GPA/16-S-02 Informe Final Noviembre 2016 Página 5 de 116 Programa de Restauración Ambiental La Caleta, Cozumel. 1.1. Índice de Calidad del Agua La determinación del índice de calidad del agua es una metodología ampliamente aplicada en diversos países para evaluar y/o clasificar diversos cuerpos de agua, determinando su aptitud para ser utilizados con algún uso específico, como abastecimiento público, agrícola o algún uso recreativo; evitar riesgos sanitarios o para determinar el estado de conservación del cuerpo de agua estudiado. La metodología del índice de calidad del agua (ICA) fue desarrollada en 1970 por la Fundación Nacional de la Ciencia (NSF-National Science Foundation) en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica y a la fecha, el uso del ICA es considerado como una de las herramientas más eficaces para la obtención y comparación de resultados (Pradhan et al. 2001, Cadavid et al. 2010, CCME 2012). El objetivo de este análisis es para verificar la condición de calidad del agua de “La Caleta” y determinar el ICA para 15 sitios de muestreo seleccionados, a fin de ubicar el sitio menos contaminado y de estrés provocado por factores antropogénicos, con el objeto de iniciar como tiempo cero (To) la recolonización de especies bentónicas propias de la zona, con lo cual se contribuirá a restablecer paulatinamente la estructura y función del sistema. 1.2. Análisis de Calidad del Agua La toma de muestra y las determinaciones de los parámetros de calidad del agua seleccionados fueron realizados por el laboratorio Agua Limpia de Quintana Roo, certificado
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