Dos Fundamentos De Peirce À Hipermídia: Um Panorama Semiótico Interpretativo Da Série Televisa Glee

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Dos Fundamentos De Peirce À Hipermídia: Um Panorama Semiótico Interpretativo Da Série Televisa Glee CLAUDIO ROBERTO PERASSOLI JÚNIOR DOS FUNDAMENTOS DE PEIRCE À HIPERMÍDIA: UM PANORAMA SEMIÓTICO INTERPRETATIVO DA SÉRIE TELEVISA GLEE ASSIS 2011 CLAUDIO ROBERTO PERASSOLI JÚNIOR DOS FUNDAMENTOS DE PEIRCE À HIPERMÍDIA: UM PANORAMA SEMIÓTICO INTERPRETATIVO DA SÉRIE TELEVISA GLEE Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Instituto Municipal de Ensino Superior de Assis – IMESA e à Fundação Educacional do Município de Assis – FEMA como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Bacharel em Jornalismo. Orientadora: Profª. Dr.ª Alcioni Galdino Vieira. ASSIS 2011 BANCA AVALIADORA ORIENTADORA:_________________________________________________________ Dr.ª Alcioni Galdino Vieira ANALISADOR (1):______________________________________________________ Dr.ª. Márcia Valéria Seródio Carbone DEDICATÓRIA Àqueles que se perpetuam pelo tempo apenas através de duas forças: a da palavra e a do amor. AGRADECIMENTO Quero agradecer, primeiramente, apenas o dom da vida que me foi concedido. Deus, o destino, como quiserem chamar esta força maior, que me concedeu a oportunidade de existir, de poder conhecer novas pessoas, lugares, e poder traçar, por meu arbítrio, a caminhada em busca de minha felicidade. A minha família, pela força, modelo, dedicação e criação, que me forneceram a base para eu me tornar o homem que quero ser. Meu pai, o único homem exemplo de carinho e atenção. Minha mãe, a singular guerreira de Atenas. Minha irmã, a pequena mulher pelo amor e laço incondicional de amizade que corre, não só pelas veias físicas e biológicas, mas por toda a vida. A todas as pessoas que partilharam comigo desde o começo da caminhada, que se tornou difícil e conturbada, como qualquer trajeto em que devemos lutar por nossos sonhos. Os que ficaram pelo caminho ou escolheram outras vias, os que ainda de alguma maneira permanecem comigo, os que mesmo não fisicamente estiveram presentes, todas as pessoas que de algum modo fizeram com que eu crescesse, amadurecesse e aprendesse que sempre há mais, nesta vida, para se desejar. Aos colegas de turmas pelas quais já passei e tive a oportunidade de estudar junto. Desde o começo e durante os diversos novos inícios, pessoas que sempre me acolheram bem, respeitaram minha opinião e me proporcionaram novas perspectivas. A minha orientadora, pelo incentivo e carinho prestados. Pelas palavras de motivação e reconhecimento de um potencial que eu mesmo não acreditava. A todos os professores por mostrarem os caminhos a serem, ou não, seguidos. Às pessoas com as quais trabalhei, estagiei, que com as dificuldades, batalhas e vitórias, apoiaram e conseguiram, de alguma maneira, fazer de mim um profissional melhor, e mais do que isso, me mostraram que sonhos se renovam. Não parem de acreditar. “A arte deve antes de tudo e em primeiro lugar embelezar a vida, portanto fazer com que nós próprios nos tornemos suportáveis e, se possível, agradáveis uns aos outros”. Friedrich Nietzsche RESUMO Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar a série norte-americana Glee pela visão da semiótica interpretativa de Umberto Eco, tomando-se como instrumentos de descrição os fundamentos iniciais feitos por Charles Sanders Pierce, as implicações na área da ciência cognitiva, bem como as teorias elaboradas pelo autor italiano sobre o Leitor Modelo e a obra aberta. Sendo assim, este trabalho apresenta um panorama da semiótica interpretativa e suas implicações em uma narrativa hipermidiática televisiva. Palavras-chave: Semiótica; Interpretação; Cognição; Hipermídia; Glee; Signo RIASSUNTO Questo lavoro si propone ad analizzare principalmente la serie americana Glee dal punto di vista della semiotica interpretativa di Umberto Eco, utilizzando come strumenti la descrizione iniziale dei fondamenti di Charles Sanders Pierce, le implicazioni nel campo delle scienze cognitive, così come le teorie preparate dall'autore italiano sul Lettore Modello e sull‟opera aperta. Pertanto, questo documento presenta una panoramica della semiotica interpretativa e le sue implicazioni in una narrativa ipermediale televisiva. Parole chiave: Semiotica; Interpretazione; Cognizione; Ipermedia; Glee; Signo LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Figura 01................................................................................................................ 65 Figura 02................................................................................................................ 65 Figura 03................................................................................................................ 65 Figura 04................................................................................................................ 65 Figura 05................................................................................................................ 67 Figura 06................................................................................................................ 68 Figura 07................................................................................................................ 68 Figura 08................................................................................................................ 73 Figura 09................................................................................................................73 Figura 10................................................................................................................ 73 Figura 11................................................................................................................ 74 Figura 12................................................................................................................ 74 Figura 13................................................................................................................ 75 Figura 14................................................................................................................ 76 Figura 15................................................................................................................ 76 Figura 16................................................................................................................ 76 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO....................................................................................................... 11 CAPÍTULO 1: SIGNO E LINGUAGEM.................................................................. 15 1.1 Semiótica........................................................................................................ 15 1.2 As três categorias do universo e o signo........................................................ 18 1.3 Cognição......................................................................................................... 26 CAPÍTULO 2: ECO, SEMIÓTICA INTERPRETATIVA E O LEITOR MODELO.... 34 CAPÍTULO 3: ANÁLISE SEMIÓTICA DE GLEE................................................... 47 3.1Glee, a série...................................................................................................... 47 3.2 Escolha de repertório e preocupação com o real............................................ 51 3.3 Sobre a narrativa hipermidiática......................................................................53 3.4 Os losers estereótipos hipertextuais................................................................57 3.5 O signo Mercedes Jones, a quase-líder..........................................................63 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS.................................................................................. 83 REFERÊNCIAS..................................................................................................... 86 11 INTRODUÇÃO Uma das ficções televisivas mais exitosas de todos os tempos, o seriado norte- americano Glee é seguido por milhões de telespectadores do mundo todo desde a sua estréia, em 2009. Glee é uma série no estilo musical produzida pela rede americana Fox. A trama se desenvolve no colégio William McKingley, focando os integrantes de um coral conhecido como Clube Glee. O episódio de estréia foi ao ar logo após o renomado reality show American Idol, em 19 de maio de 2009. Mas a primeira temporada só teve início a partir de setembro do mesmo ano, em transmissões semanais consecutivas. O formato foi criado por Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk e Ian Brennan, e em princípio foi previsto como um filme ao invés de uma série de televisão. Ressalta- se que a Fox, quinze horas após receber o roteiro, já solicitou um piloto da série. Murphy, o principal responsável por Glee, atribui isso, em parte, ao sucesso do musical American Idol na emissora. A série converteu-se, já no ano de sua estréia, em um dos produtos televisivos de maior destaque na atualidade, tanto pelo sucesso de audiência (aproximadamente dez milhões de espectadores em média na primeira temporada) como de crítica (ganhador de três Emmys e um Globo de Ouro, entre outros prêmios). Assim, este projeto tem o objetivo de estudar o seriado Glee a partir da perspectiva da semiótica. Tanto do ponto de vista das personagens, como do conteúdo e da estética e do estilo narrativo. Trata-se de analisar os aspectos que fazem de Glee um fenômeno midiático contemporâneo, sendo considerado assim um manifesto da cultura pop. Pela narrativa que apresenta-se dinâmica, seja pelos recursos de enredo, seja pelo número de problemáticas devido ao número de personagens; pela trilha sonora bem escolhida, o mesmo que ocorre com a edição e produção do programa; pela escalação do elenco e equipe envolvida, que parecem estar em constante sintonia, Glee se tornou não apenas um sucesso de público,
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