Full Text Document (Pdf)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Impact of Cassava Growing in Luapula Valley, a Historical
THE IMPACT OF CASSAVA GROWING IN LUAPULA VALLEY, A HISTORICAL STUDY, 1900-1980 BY CHAMA KALUBA JICKSON A dissertation submitted to the University of Zambia in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Master of Arts in History. THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA LUSAKA © 2016 DECLARATION I, Chama Kaluba Jickson, do hereby declare that this dissertation represents my own work; it has not been previously submitted for any degree at this or any other university; and does not incorporate any published work or material from another dissertation without citation. Signed: ............................................................. Date: ................................................................ i COPYRIGHT All rights reserved. No part of this dissertation may be reproduced or stored in any form or by any means without prior permission in writing from the author or the University of Zambia. ii APPROVAL This dissertation of CHAMA KALUBA JICKSON is approved as fulfilling the partial requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Arts in History by the University of Zambia. Signed: Date: ......................................................... ................................................ .......................................................... ................................................. .......................................................... ................................................. .......................................................... ................................................. iii ABSTRACT This -
The Coincidence of Ecological Opportunity with Hybridization Explains Rapid Adaptive Radiation in Lake Mweru Cichlid fishes
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13278-z OPEN The coincidence of ecological opportunity with hybridization explains rapid adaptive radiation in Lake Mweru cichlid fishes Joana I. Meier 1,2,3,4, Rike B. Stelkens 1,2,5, Domino A. Joyce 6, Salome Mwaiko 1,2, Numel Phiri7, Ulrich K. Schliewen8, Oliver M. Selz 1,2, Catherine E. Wagner 1,2,9, Cyprian Katongo7 & Ole Seehausen 1,2* 1234567890():,; The process of adaptive radiation was classically hypothesized to require isolation of a lineage from its source (no gene flow) and from related species (no competition). Alternatively, hybridization between species may generate genetic variation that facilitates adaptive radiation. Here we study haplochromine cichlid assemblages in two African Great Lakes to test these hypotheses. Greater biotic isolation (fewer lineages) predicts fewer constraints by competition and hence more ecological opportunity in Lake Bangweulu, whereas opportunity for hybridization predicts increased genetic potential in Lake Mweru. In Lake Bangweulu, we find no evidence for hybridization but also no adaptive radiation. We show that the Bangweulu lineages also colonized Lake Mweru, where they hybridized with Congolese lineages and then underwent multiple adaptive radiations that are strikingly complementary in ecology and morphology. Our data suggest that the presence of several related lineages does not necessarily prevent adaptive radiation, although it constrains the trajectories of morphological diversification. It might instead facilitate adaptive radiation when hybridization generates genetic variation, without which radiation may start much later, progress more slowly or never occur. 1 Division of Aquatic Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution,UniversityofBern,Baltzerstr.6,CH-3012Bern,Switzerland.2 Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Centre of Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry (CEEB), Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Seestrasse 79, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland. -
USAID/Zambia Partners in Development Book
PARTNERS IN DEVELOPMENT July 2018 Partners in Zambia’s Development Handbook July 2018 United States Agency for International Development Embassy of the United States of America Subdivision 694 / Stand 100 Ibex Hill Road P.O. Box 320373 Lusaka, Zambia 10101 Cover Photo: As part of a private -sector and youth-engagement outreach partnership, media entrepreneur and UNAIDS Ambassador Lulu Haangala Wood (l), musician and entrepreneur Pompi (c), and Film and TV producer Yoweli Chungu (r) lend their voices to help draw attention to USAID development programs. (Photo Credit: Chando Mapoma / USAID Zambia) Our Mission On behalf of the American People, we promote and demonstrate democratic values abroad, and advance a free, peaceful, and prosperous world. In support of America's foreign policy, the U.S. Agency for International Development leads the U.S. Government's international development and disaster assistance through partnerships and investments that save lives, reduce poverty, strengthen democratic governance, and help people emerge from humanitarian crises and progress beyond assistance. Our Interagency Initiatives USAID/Zambia Partners In Development 1 The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is the lead U.S. Government agency that works to end extreme global poverty and enable resilient, democratic societies to realize their potential. Currently active in over 100 countries worldwide, USAID was born out of a spirit of progress and innovation, reflecting American values and character, motivated by a fundamental belief in helping others. USAID provides development and humanitarian assistance in Africa, Asia and the Near East, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Europe. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., USAID retains field missions around the world. -
Household Food Security and Nutrition in the Luapula Valley, Zambia
22 Household food security and nutrition in the Luapula Valley, Zambia K. Callens and E.C. Phiri Karel Callens is Chief Technical Adviser and Elizabeth C. Phiri is National Project Coordinator for the Improving Household Food Security and Nutrition Project. he Luapula Valley of northern Zambia has significant Improvements in the production of other important food crops T natural resources, and the main road cutting through the were neglected. valley has attracted many people to the area. Of the In the Luapula Valley, rates of chronic malnutrition and population of 207 000, the majority of people live along the micronutrient deficiencies are unacceptably high. Preliminary lake, the lagoon and the river (Figure 1). Fishing is the results from two nutrition surveys carried out in the area in principal economic activity, and agriculture is practised September 1997 and May 1998 indicated that about 65 percent further inland. The diet of most households is based on two of children under five years of age were stunted because of main staples: cassava and maize. As relish people consume fish chronic protein-energy malnutrition, while 3.7 percent were in those areas with access to water resources and a limited wasted during the rainy season and 2.5 percent during the dry number of less abundant and seasonally available food crops season as a result of acute malnutrition. According to a such as sweet potatoes, groundnuts, bambara nuts, cowpeas participatory rural appraisal carried out by the Zambian and beans as well as indigenous and other vegetables. Palm oil Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, the Ministry of is also consumed in a few villages where oil-palm trees are Health, the Ministry of Community Development and Social found. -
The Political Ecology of a Small-Scale Fishery, Mweru-Luapula, Zambia
Managing inequality: the political ecology of a small-scale fishery, Mweru-Luapula, Zambia Bram Verelst1 University of Ghent, Belgium 1. Introduction Many scholars assume that most small-scale inland fishery communities represent the poorest sections of rural societies (Béné 2003). This claim is often argued through what Béné calls the "old paradigm" on poverty in inland fisheries: poverty is associated with natural factors including the ecological effects of high catch rates and exploitation levels. The view of inland fishing communities as the "poorest of the poorest" does not imply directly that fishing automatically lead to poverty, but it is linked to the nature of many inland fishing areas as a common-pool resources (CPRs) (Gordon 2005). According to this paradigm, a common and open-access property resource is incapable of sustaining increasing exploitation levels caused by horizontal effects (e.g. population pressure) and vertical intensification (e.g. technological improvement) (Brox 1990 in Jul-Larsen et al. 2003; Kapasa, Malasha and Wilson 2005). The gradual exhaustion of fisheries due to "Malthusian" overfishing was identified by H. Scott Gordon (1954) and called the "tragedy of the commons" by Hardin (1968). This influential model explains that whenever individuals use a resource in common – without any form of regulation or restriction – this will inevitably lead to its environmental degradation. This link is exemplified by the prisoner's dilemma game where individual actors, by rationally following their self-interest, will eventually deplete a shared resource, which is ultimately against the interest of each actor involved (Haller and Merten 2008; Ostrom 1990). Summarized, the model argues that the open-access nature of a fisheries resource will unavoidably lead to its overexploitation (Kraan 2011). -
Fishing Life in the Bangweulu Swamps (2): an Analysis of Catch and Seasonal Emigration of the Fishermen in Zambia
African Stud)' Monographs, Supplementary Issue 6: 33-G3, March 1987 33 Fishing Life in the Bangweulu Swamps (2): An Analysis of Catch and Seasonal Emigration of the Fishermen in Zambia. lchiro IMAI (Research Affiliate of I. A. S.) The Institute for African Studies, University of Zambia Hirosaki University. Japan ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to describe and characterize the swamp fishing in the Bangweulu Swamps, Zambia. The fish catch by the several fishing methods are analy sed after these methods are outlined. As a result of the analysis, it is indicated that each production unit chooses a fishing method to catch a particular group of fish, such as "-1or myridae or Cichlidae fish. The types of fishing activity among the lishermen are divided into three classes in terms of their fishing seasons and methods. These types of fishing differ from each other as to how far their villages are from the swamps and what time schedules of agriculture are made according to the limits of the season or the period of fishing in the swamps. By ana lysing these types alloted to different ethnic groups, it is clarified how the swamp area is actually utilized by the several ethnic groups from different areas. I\fost of the fishermen in the Bangweulu Swamps are the part-time fishermen who are also engaged in cultivation to a considerable extent. It is discussed why these essentially agriculturalists carry on fishing for themselves without making symbiotic relationships with other fishing specialists. They can get a good cash income by selling the catch. -
COMMITTEE on HEALTH, JUNE 2019.Pdf
REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE THIRD SESSION OF THE TWELFTH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY Printed by the National Assembly of Zambia REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE THIRD SESSION OF THE TWELFTH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page 1.0. Membership of the Committee 3 2.0. Functions of the Committee 3 3.0. Meetings of the Committee 4 4.0. Committee’s Programme of Work 4 5.0. Arrangement of the Report 4 6.0. Procedure adopted by the Committee 4 PART I CONSIDERATION OF THE TOPICAL ISSUES Topic One - Service Delivery in Public Health Institutions in Zambia 7.0. Background 5 7.1. Consolidated summary of submissions by Stakeholders 6 7.1.1. Defining Service Delivery 6 7.1.2. The Provision of Health Care Services in Zambia 6 7.1.3. The Delivery of Health Care Services in Zambia 7 7.1.4. Financing of the Public Health Services 7 7.1.5. Adequacy of the Policy and Legal Framework Governing Service Delivery in Zambia 7 7.1.6. Strategies that Government has put in place to improve Health Service Delivery 8 7.1.7. The Role of Non-state Actors in Complimenting the Government’s Efforts in Providing Quality Service Delivery in Health Institutions 11 7.1.8. Challenges Facing Public Health Institutions in Providing Quality Service Delivery 11 8.0. Other Concerns Raised by Stakeholders 15 9.0. Local Tour of Lusaka and Luapula Provinces 19 9.1. -
TRIP REPORT: Zambia (September 14
TRIP REPORT: Zambia (September 14 - September 23, 1983) Dr. Hugh R. Taylor, M.D. Keith P. West, Jr., RD, MPH Prepared under Cooperative Agreement No. AID/DSAN-CA-0267 between the Dana Center, International Center for Epidemiologic and Preventive Ophthalmology ana the Office ot Nutrition, United States Agency for International Development. MIP REPORT: Zambia Table of Contents Page SUMMAR...... 1 INTRODUCTION .. 2 HOSPITAL AND RURAL HEALTH CENTER FINDINGS . .. .. .. .. .. 4 Ophthalmic Components of Visit to Zambia . ........ .. 4 VIRONENTAL OBSERVAIONS ................... 10 Fooc ana Dietary Habits. .................... 11 Sources of Water . 13 Housing Compounds. .. 14 VITAMIN A PREVEON PROGRAM IN ZAMBIA pRCOCL. 14 Plans tor Future Collaboration ....... .......... 17 Appendix A Sumlnary of Inpatient Cases of Measles for 1978, and ot PEM, Inflammatory Eye Diseases, and Measles for the Years 1980-1983. 19 Appendix B Attendees to the Luapula Valley Eye Disease Survey Work Session, Ndola, 21 September 198' . 20 Appendix C Memorandum: Luapula Valley Eye Disease Survey. 21 TRIREPORT: Zambia 14 - 23 September 1983 SUMMARY Vitamin A deficiency has long been implicated as a major cause of childhood blindness in Zambia, particularly in the Luapula Valley where blindness is known to be highly endemic. At the request of the National Food ana Nutrition Ccmmission, Government ot Zambia (GOZ), we visited the area ana reviewed the Government's draft proposal for the assessment and prevention of nutritional blindness in the Luapula Valley. During the visit we were impressed by the relatively large numbers of blind adults but the scarcity or very young children with active xerophthalmia or corneal scars. The WHO measles vaccination program and an apparent increase in the consumption or vitamin A-rich, small fish in the region may be important factors in what is perceived to be less blindness in recent years. -
THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AUTHORITY Invitation for Bids (IFB)
THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AUTHORITY Invitation for Bids (IFB) TENDER FOR THE SUPPLY, INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING OF 2018 GRID EXTENSION PROJECTS UNDER THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION PROGRAMME IN SELECTED PROVINCES OF ZAMBIA - REA/ONB/W/2/2018 1. The Rural Electrification Authority has received financing from the Government of Zambia towards the cost of the implementation of Rural Electrification programme and intends to apply part of the financing to payments under the contracts for the supply, installation and commissioning of 2018 grid extension projects. 2. The Rural Electrification Authority now invites sealed bids from eligible and qualified bidders for the supply, installation and commissioning of 2018 grid extension projects in the following selected provinces of Zambia: LOT PROJECT NAME DISTRICT PROVINCE COMPLETION PERIOD 1 Mwenzo-Nawaitwika Nakonde Muchinga 40 weeks 2 Ukwimi Petauke Eastern 40 weeks 3 Kaulembe Chipata Eastern 40 weeks 4 Shemu Nakonde Muchinga 40 weeks 5 Musanya Chinsali Muchinga 40 weeks 6 Nangweshi Sioma Western 40 weeks 7 Sandwe Petauke Eastern 40 weeks 8 Jimbe Pemba Southern 40 weeks 9 Kaingu-Iyanda Segment 1 40 weeks Itezhi tezhi Central Kaingu-Iyanda Segment 2 10 Miponda-Shikamushile Samfya Luapula 40 weeks 11 Kalungu-Sasamwenge 40 weeks Segment 1 Isoka Muchinga Kalungu-Sasamwenge Segment 2 12 Lambwe Chomba Chiengi Luapula 40 weeks Lupososhi Segment 1 40 weeks Luwingu Northern 13 Lupososhi Segment 2 14 40 weeks Luano Phase I Segment 1 Luano Central Luano Phase I Segment 2 15 Luswishi Farm Block 40 weeks Segment 1 Lufwanyama Copperbelt Luswishi Farm Block Segment 2 16 Dundumwezi Phase I 40 weeks Segment 1 Kaloma Southern Dundumwezi Phase I Segment 2 17 Luembe Nyimba Eastern 40 weeks 18 Mutono-Chisheta Nchelenge/Mwense Luapula 40 weeks 19 Lwela-Milambo Segment 40 weeks 1 Milenge/Chembe Luapula Lwela-Milambo Segment 2 20 Mutashi Mufumbwe NorthWestern 40 weeks Bidders may submit a bid for one or more Lots. -
Ivory and Slaves in East and Central Africa (C
Ivory and slaves in East and Central Africa (c. 1800- 1880) Com- Under Central and East Africa we include most of the land north of the Limpopo and Pari' south of the Equator. The coast of what is often called West Central Africa featured in the chapters on the Atlantic slave trade and West Africa, but the peoples and routes that other supplied the slaves for the coast will be discussed here. There are some similarities ports of between the situation in North and West Africa and that existing in East and Central Africa Africa. In Northeast Africa and in the central Sudan of West Africa we come across warlords such as Zubayr and Rabih. In Central and East Africa we meet up with leaders such as Msiri, Mirambo, Tippu Tip and Mlozi who also built up secondary trading and conquest states that dealt in slaves and ivory. In these other regions we witness some empire building during the period of the jihads by people such as al-Hajj Umar and Samory Toure, by Mohammad Ali in Egypt and Menelik in Ethiopia. In this region too, we have some empire building and state expansion, for example on the island of Madagascar by the Merina, in the area of the Great Lakes by Buganda, and also the growth of the trading empire of the Omani Arabs in East Africa. But large empires were scarce because the geography did not encourage the growth of big polities. It was mainly in the Great Lakes region that we find sizeable states such as Buganda. -
Environmental Awareness Among Key Actors of Selected Zambian Schools of Nchelenge District in Luapula Province
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AMONG KEY ACTORS OF SELECTED ZAMBIAN SCHOOLS OF NCHELENGE DISTRICT IN LUAPULA PROVINCE. By Makoba Charles A dissertation submitted to the University of Zambia in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Education in Environmental Education. The University of Zambia Lusaka 2014 i DECLARATION I, CHARLES MAKOBA, declare that the dissertation hereby submitted is my own work and it has not previously been submitted for any Degree, Diploma or other qualification at the University of Zambia or any other University. Signed: ………………………………………… Date:…………………………………………… ii APPROVAL This dissertation by Charles Makoba is approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Master of Education (Environmental Education) degree of the University of Zambia. Signed……………………………………….. Date………………………………….. Signed……………………………………….. Date…………………………………... Signed……………………………………….. Date…………………………………… iii COPYRIGHT No part of this dissertation may be reproduced, restored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission. iv ABSTRACT There are several environmental conditions that have become areas of major concern at global, regional and national levels both in urban and rural areas. These conditions are as a result of environmental degradation such as deforestation, indiscriminate waste disposal, poor health and sanitation, water pollution and land degradation to mention but a few. Environmental mismanagement affects both human beings and other living organisms in different ways, such as outbreaks of diseases like cholera which is very common in Nchelenge district especially Kashikishi settlement and islands where it has become an annual event. Such diseases could be due to unfriendly environmental practices by the local people, who may probably, have very limited knowledge on how to utilize the environment in a more sustainable manner. -
THE EFFECTS of the ZAMBIA–ZAIRE BOUNDARY on the LUNDA and RELATED PEOPLES of the MWERU–LUAPULA REGION Author(S): M
THE EFFECTS OF THE ZAMBIA–ZAIRE BOUNDARY ON THE LUNDA AND RELATED PEOPLES OF THE MWERU–LUAPULA REGION Author(s): M. C. MUSAMBACHIME Source: Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria , DEC. 1984–JUNE 1985, Vol. 12, No. 3/4 (DEC. 1984–JUNE 1985), pp. 159-169 Published by: Historical Society of Nigeria Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/44715375 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria This content downloaded from 72.195.177.31 on Sun, 30 May 2021 15:46:15 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria Vol. XII Nos. 3 &4 Dec. 1984-June 1985 THE EFFECTS OF THE ZAMBIA-ZAIRE BOUNDARY ON THE LUNDA AND RELATED PEOPLES OF THE MWERU- LUAPULA REGION: by M. C. MUSAMBACHIME, Dept. of History , University of Zambia, Lusaka. The area designated as Mweru- Luapula stretches from the Calwe to the Mambiliam rapids (formerly called Jonston Falls), covering the banks of the lower Luapula River and the shores of Lake Mweru. On the west is a wide swampy plain with a number of habitable high lands.