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PROCEEDINGS NO. 1 VOL.1 TAHUN 2016 NO. ISSN 2541-5964 PROCEEDINGS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDONESIAN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ENQUIRIES 2016: LOCALIZING GLOBALIZATION 2016 Faculty of Social and Political Science Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia Advisor: Dr. Widiartanto, S.Sos, M.AB. Fendy Eko Wahyudi, S.IP, M.Hub.Int Head of: Satwika Paramasatya, S.IP, M.A. Editor: Sheifi Puspapertiwi, S.IP, M.A. Managing Editor: Melani Retnaningtias Board of Committee: Dinalestari Purbawati, S.E., M.Si, Akt Thalita Rifda Khaerani, S.AP, M.Si Primada Qurrota Ayun, S.I.Kom, M.A. Neny Marlina, S.IP, M.A. Layout and Design: CV. Pameo | http://pameo.co Address: Jalan Profesor Haji Soedharto, SH Tembalang, Semarang Postal Code 1269 Phone (024) 7465407 Faximile (024) 7465405 Website: http://www.isip.undip.ac.id Email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND SOCIAL HARMONIZATION 5 Diaspora Community: Indonesia’s Diplomat For Active Globalisation Beltsazar Arya Krisetya 7 Diplomats Are Us: The Abu Sayyaf Hostage Crisis and The Role of Civil Society Putu Agung Nara Indra Prima Satya 21 Implementing Two-Pillar Social Fund To Accelerate The Development Of Territorial Boundaries In Indonesia Firdaus Damar Abdi Utama, Rido Argo Mukti, & Ecky Imamul 35 Restructuring Russia Defense Policy on Eurasia Regionalism Hendra Manurung 55 CHAPTER 2 - REGIONAL AUTONOMY AND DECENTRALIZATION 79 Eleven Years of Decentralization: How Local Peoples Think About Decentralizaton? George Towar Ikbal Tawakkal, Andrew D. Garner, & Thomas R. Seitz 81 Globalization: Fostering Democracy, Constructing The Norms From Centralized To Decentralized Indonesia Muhammad Singgih Pangestu & Jovita Aditya Putri 93 Political Autonomy and Foreign Investment: The Analytical Review of Community Empowerment In The Concession of PT. Newmont Nusa Tenggara (PT NNT Sumbawa) Syahrul Salam, Shanti Darmastuti, & Nurmasari Situmeang 107 CHAPTER 3 - ART AND CULTURE/ CREATIVE INDUSTRY 121 Improving Local Economy Through Cukli as Lombok’s Handicraft by Place Branding Alwafi Ridho Subarkah 123 More Than Just a Logo, Branding and The Problem of Imperfect Policy: Locating People’s Voice in The Newly Implemented Branding of Jogja Istimewa 139 June Cahyaningtyas, Sri Issundari, & Asep Saepudin ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS | 1 Opportunities and Challenges of Digital Creative Industries In Indonesia: Startup as The Efforts to Increase Local Economy Primadiana Yunita & Sevy Kusdianita 153 CHAPTER 4 - COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 169 Digitizing The ASEAN Identity: How Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Promotes Regional Identity Rizki Rahmadini Nurika, Rio Nurhasdy, & Septian Nur Yekti 171 Paradiplomacy, Social Media & Government Political Communications in AEC Context Evie Ariadne Shinta Dewi 195 CHAPTER 5 - HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS 207 A Study Case on The Educational Values of Peace in Java Culture Muzdalifah M. Rahman 209 Community Development Driven Corporates: Case Studies of Beyond Compliance Corporates Sudharto P. Hadi 225 Human Resources Quality Linked to Satisfaction Level of Maternal and Child Health Services Tri Liestari Hadiati & Santoso Hadi 231 Multicultural Education to Prevent Horizontal Conflict Ilmi Usrotin Choiriyah & Isnaini Rodhiyah 243 The Need of Integrated, Creative and Massive Campaign to Encourage Reading Habit Among Indonesian Students Dedi Rumawan Erlandia 257 Transnational Retailers in Indonesia: Local Power Relations Matter George Martin Sirait 275 CHAPTER 6 - REGIONAL AUTONOMY AND DECENTRALIZATION (II) 289 Coastal Abrasion in Sayung District Demak Regency: A Call for a More Responsive Policy Hartuti Purnaweni 291 2 | ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS Employment Policy in The Wage Provision of Female Worker/Labour in Industrial Sector in The Putting-Out System Implementation at Sidoarjo Regency Luluk Fauziah & Mashudi 301 Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in Indonesia Aksa Nugraha 313 Study of District Typology in Cianjur Regency West Java Province Fernandes Simangunsong 329 ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS | 3 4 | ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS CHAPTER 1 NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND SOCIAL HARMONIZATION ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS | 5 6 | ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS DIASPORA COMMUNITY: INDONESIA’S DIPLOMAT FOR ACTIVE GLOBALISATION1 Beltsazar Krisetya2 Abstract Globalisation has a tendency to weaken the influence of middle-power states, breed inequality, and dissolve cultural diversity. At the same time, globalisation breeds transnationalism that enables more Indonesians to live abroad and access knowledge and wealth of other countries, and therefore become a part of the diaspora community. This paper will argue that Indonesia can benefits better from globalisation if it utilises the network of Indonesian diaspora abroad, and how encouraging such activities can not only neutralise the negative impacts of globalisation, it can also elevates Indonesia’s influence in the whole process. This hypothesis came from transnationalism notion that the strength of the diaspora network of a country determines their influence. Transnationalism was presented as a manifestation of the interconnectedness facilitated by globalisation. Interconnectedness, therefore, requires reciprocally active involvement for both sides to reap benefits. Ultimately, only active involvement and inclusiveness of a country can turn the tide of globalisation back to their favour. Keywords: transnationalism, diaspora, brain gain, active globalisation Introduction The key element in the era of globalisation is interdependence. States—used to be the only international actor that counts based on the power endowed by Westphalian Model—now has to share its influence with non-state actors given the fluid relations in international system has escalated the complexity of problems and the actors that are involved. Initially, exist as a sovereign entity, states now tend to “pool” their sovereignty under internationalised form, exploring options of its cooperation model.3 We’ve arrived at the point that non-state actors can initiate cooperation with the state as a means to achieve mutual benefits. 1 The writer acknowledges the profound contributions of Mohammad Rosyidin, M.M. Gibran Sesunan, Rhifa Ayudhia, and Fanni Irsanti in ideas and literature reference during the drafting of this paper. 2 Beltsazar Arya Krisetya is an LPDP Awardee for International Master Program. Currently working as Research Analyst in the Executive Office of the President of the Republic of Indonesia. 3 Shaw, M. (2000). Theory of the global state. Oxford: Cambridge University Press. ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS | 7 One of those non-state actors is individual, identifiable by its high mobility to move in-and-out of states, and high versatility to carry agenda of its own or becoming an operative of other actors. The complexity in numbers of individual actors and its permutation of interactions often overwhelmed state actors in dealing with them, thus to some extent individual is perceived as a threat that requires cooperation between states to overcome. However, if carried out properly, individual actors can become states’ asset in undertaking interconnectedness demanded by globalisation. This is due to individual actors still has to answer to their citizenship granted by the state, and state’s inability to reach out to diplomatic process on an individual level. The particular individual actors in question are the diaspora community, a cross- border group of individual with religious or national identity living outside their homeland.4 Diaspora is the embodiment of transnationalism—means to belong I two or more national societies at one time. In that moment alone, the diaspora functions as a transnational community. Today, technology makes it far easier for groups to function as transnational communities for identity maintenance and political mobilisation.5 In Indonesia’s case, the diaspora community includes migrant workers, scholars, and professionals alike. The significance of nationalism within Indonesians enables its diaspora community to form a society abroad while simultaneously integrates themselves to the foreign countries they currently live in. However, the ties they have with Indonesia remains intangible due to the lack of ways to bring a contribution to their homeland. This paper will argue that by tapping the potential of diaspora, Indonesia can strengthen its interconnectedness with other state actors, enabling Indonesia to unlock further possibilities of resources acquisitions. The first part of this paper will examine the impact of globalisation to middle power states like Indonesia. The second part will identify Indonesia’s diaspora power and assess possible ways to provide resources to diaspora community. The final part will argue on how individual actors—diaspora community—can promote active globalisation. 4 Diaspora and transnationalism. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. 5 Centre on Migration, Policy, and Society, (2005). The Political Importance of Diasporas. COMPAS Working Paper. [online] Oxford: University of Oxford. Available at: https://www.compas.ox.ac.uk/media/WP-2005- 013-Vertovec_Political_Importance_Diasporas.pdf [Accessed 22 Aug. 2016]. 8 | ICISPE 2016 - PROCEEDINGS Globalisation Impact to the Middle Power States The concern with state interdependency is how they can no longer make a decision as an authoritative figure—particularly on foreign policy—purely based on their national interests but has to be dependent, relying on stronger states within their alliance