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Issn: 2277–4998 IJBPAS, December, 2015, 4(12), Special Issue: 418-429 ISSN: 2277–4998 STUDYING GEOMORPHOLOGICAL IN LOCATING AND DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS BY HIERARCHICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM ARASH SADRI 1, GHOLAMRZA SHAHI DASHT 2, MAJID GOLZAR 3, MEHDI NAEIMI4, MOSLEM GHORBANI DOLATSHAHLOU5 1. Lecturer, Department of Arts and Archtecture, PNU, Islamic Republic of Iran, [email protected] 2. PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Iran [email protected] 3. Teacher of Eshragh Institute of Higher Education Bojnord, Iran [email protected] 4. Teacher of Department of Art and Architecture, PNU, Islamic Republic of Iran [email protected] 5. Teacher of Department of Art and Architecture, PNU, the Islamic Republic of Iran [email protected] ABSTRACT From the old times, climate has been studied in the construction industry and has always been as one of the influential parameters. The role of climate and its subordinate elements are the key elements in positioning and establishment of macro-residential spaces and rural settlements, as forming social, economic life, are no exception. The method based on objective is applied, and based on the nature; it is descriptive and analytical where the analysis is carried out by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) system to lead to a correct answer to prove the research hypothesis. The aim of this study is to evaluate climatic factors on the location and distribution of rural settlements by AHP system where it is tried to study and analyze Bojnoord rural settlements with respect to several parameters. From the results, one can deduce issues such as be reasonable 418 IJBPAS, December, 2015, 4(12), Special Issue Arash Sadri et al Research Article establishment of rural settlements due to climatic factors, that with respect to process of this study, they can be generalized to other uses to study establishment in micro and macro levels, which in turn, it is a kind of sustainable development ultimately leading to the preparation of the land. Keywords: Rural settlements, land preparation, sustainable development, locating, AHP INTRODUCTION One of the factors affecting the geographical with their activity and use its potential in area of the village is the climate. A wise look order to survive [4]. at this can have a significant impact on land Statement of the problem use and location. Climate has always been an Nowadays, the importance and necessity of important factor affecting all environmental attention to climatic conditions in the design life phenomena, which can be considered as and construction of all buildings, particularly an integral part of the environment. Existence buildings that are directly used by humans of natural resources such as suitable soil, flat and living organisms, is proved. Inevitably, land, favorable climate and flowing water human is affected by environmental provides ground that human societies conditions, and it is the most important especially villagers are attracted towards it environmental factor that separates the and continue to live with the operation of districts from each other, and directly affects these facilities [10]. Another factor discussed human activities including subsistence type, in this research is location, which can be temperament, health, type of settlement and paraphrased as: locating is an activity in the forms of buildings of each area. With which we analyze the capabilities of an area regard to the above discussions and regarding existence of suitable and adequate considering the importance of rural land, its communication with other users and residential location and their distribution facilities to choose a suitable location for climate can be considered an important issue, specific use [12]. Rural communities because which is one of the most important and of the rule of traditional patterns in the influential factors in the formation of the exploitation of the environment and the low village and is the distribution. Here, as level of technology in dealing with the climate has much importance, must be natural environment are constantly in search analyzed. Given the questions raised, in the of places, so that they can conquer nature next section, we deal with it to confirm or 419 IJBPAS, December, 2015, 4(12), Special Issue Arash Sadri et al Research Article refute the hypothesis so that with a good Climate is one of the main issues in the understanding of it, logical strategies are localization and distribution of rural presented. Therefore, in this study, it is tried settlements that lies in geography and to study the factors affecting rural spaces architecture fields so the objectives and the settlements. need for research can be considered as: Research questions 1. Identification of climatic parameters Of the questions in the minds of the authors 2. Factors of distribution of settlements of this study are: 3. Factors Affecting location 1. To what extent, are climate factors RESEARCH METHODOLOGY involved in the establishment and distribution The method based on objective is applied, of rural settlements? and based on the nature, it is descriptive and 2. Can climate factors alone contribute to the analytical. Of the findings of the study, issues establishment of a village? such as rural deployment of Bojnoord Hypotheses settlements according to climatic parameters With regard to the subject of the study can be mentioned and the results can be used regarding climatic factors on the location and at cross-regional and regional levels. distribution of rural settlements of Bojnoord, Data collection method the following assumptions are presented, Given the importance of the subject, it was after the process of evaluating the data, they tried to use various data collection methods are analyzed and evaluated, this finally leads in carrying out this study. tried a variety of to rejection or confirmation. methods to capture the author of this study First hypothesis: it seems the deployment and should be used, of the methods used library distribution of rural settlements in Bojnoord studies (both domestic and foreign, linked is not according to affective climate sites and field studies) can be noted. parameters. Data collection tool The second hypothesis: climatic factors alone Gotten from field studies, objective can be influential in establishing and locating perception is done according to the type of biological spaces in the micro and macro subject being studied, questionnaire design, levels. and interviewing cards, in the meantime, The objectives and the need for research with respect to research and better understand the affective factors of the 420 IJBPAS, December, 2015, 4(12), Special Issue Arash Sadri et al Research Article climate, the geographic information system 4. In the field of climate and architecture, or (GIS) is used. in another word, climate application in Data analysis tools construction and architecture, and urban and Considering the importance of research and rural land use due to the particular condition consideration of criteria and multiple options of Iran and its varied climates, many studies in data analysis the data, AHP method was for different regions of Iran, all of which used. indicate the importance of the issue, at the Research background global level, the importance of the potential 1. Sajjad Zadeh et al (2014) in examining the climate is clearly discussed. structures of vernacular architecture to For this purpose, for the first time in 1965, a consider in severe mountainous and polar commission to investigate the urgent climates finally concluded that climate issues necessity of building climate in Geneva was can inspire innovative architecture in form set up composed of meteorologists, and function that can be good enough spaces environmental and health professionals, worthy of life for human life [7]. architects, engineers and urban planners to be 2. Saberian and colleagues (2014) in a study aware of the urban effects of air and final titled “Evaluating the role of climatic factors decision to choose the best result on urban and the nature of cold areas” on the way to climatology. These reviews, along with two sustainable architecture concluded that: from other fitting issues were studied in Brussels old times, buildings have been built while Symposium 1968- a Symposium on urban influenced by their climate. [9] climatology and climate of the building [6]. 3. Golzar Majid et al (2014) in an article Definitions and theoretical foundations entitled “Analysis and location of residential Land preparation townships in Bojnoord according to Logistics in Moin Dictionary means: mixing- geographical criteria (focusing on passive decoration-ornament- and preparation [16]. defense), and renewable energy, by AHP” In the Larousse dictionary, logistics has been concluded that renewable energy such as defined as: the best geographical distribution wind energy, solar energy, vegetation and of economic activity due to natural and topography can play an important role in human resources [15]. Logistics equivalent in locating and using it and with a wisely look, English is the word (PREPATATION) and use it logically. [14] means planning of land use (ibid.). 421 IJBPAS, December, 2015, 4(12), Special Issue Arash Sadri et al Research Article Sustainable Development Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) Sustainable development is the process that One of the decision making supporting tool is consists of two basic parts: multi-criteria
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