Particle Physics and the Universe Proceedings of the 9Th Adriatic Meeting, Sept

springer proceedings in physics 98 springer proceedings in physics 74 Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy 86 Computer Simulation Studies VI in Condensed-Matter Physics XIII Editors: A. Lau, F.Siebert, and W.Werncke Editors: D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, and H.-B. Schuttler¨ 75 Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed-Matter Physics V 87 Proceedings Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, of the 25th International Conference and H.-B. Schuttler¨ on the Physics of Semiconductors Editors: N. Miura and T. Ando 76 Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed-Matter Physics VI 88 Starburst Galaxies Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, Near and Far and H.-B. Schuttler¨ Editors: L. Tacconi and D. Lutz 77 Quantum Optics VI 89 Computer Simulation Studies Editors: D.F. Walls and J.D. Harvey in Condensed-Matter Physics XIV Editors: D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, 78 Computer Simulation Studies and H.-B. Schuttler¨ in Condensed-Matter Physics VII Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, 90 Computer Simulation Studies and H.-B. Schuttler¨ in Condensed-Matter Physics XV Editors: D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, 79 Nonlinear Dynamics and H.-B. Schuttler¨ and Pattern Formation in Semiconductors and Devices 91 The Dense Interstellar Medium Editor: F.-J. Niedernostheide in Galaxies Editors: S. Pfalzner, C. Kramer, 80 Computer Simulation Studies C. Straubmeier, and A. Heithausen in Condensed-Matter Physics VIII Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, 92 Beyond the Standard Model 2003 and H.-B. Schuttler¨ Editor: H.V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus 81 Materials and Measurements 93 ISSMGE in Molecular Electronics Experimental Studies Editors: K. Kajimura and S. Kuroda Editor: T. Schanz 82 Computer Simulation Studies 94 ISSMGE in Condensed-Matter Physics IX Numerical and Theoretical Approaches Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, Editor: T. Schanz and H.-B. Schuttler¨ 95 Computer Simulation Studies 83 Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed-Matter Physics XVI in Condensed-Matter Physics X Editors: D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, Editors: D.P. Landau, K.K. Mon, and H.-B. Schuttler¨ and H.-B. Schuttler¨ 96 Electromagnetics in a Complex World 84 Computer Simulation Studies Editors: I.M. Pinto, V. Galdi, in Condensed-Matter Physics XI and L.B. Felsen Editors: D.P. Landau and H.-B. Schuttler¨ 97 Fields, Networks and Computations 85 Computer Simulation Studies AModernViewofElectrodynamics in Condensed-Matter Physics XII Editor: P. Russer Editors: D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, and H.-B. Schuttler¨ 98 Particle Physics and the Universe Proceedings of the 9th Adriatic Meeting, Sept. 2003, Dubrovnik Editors: J. Trampetic´ and J. Wess Homepage: springeronline.com Volumes 46–73 are listed at the end of the book. J. Trampetic´ J.Wess(Eds.) Particle Physics and the Universe Proceedings of the 9th Adriatic Meeting, Sept. 2003, Dubrovnik 123 Professor Josip Trampetic´ Professor Julius Wess Rudjer Boskovic Institute Sektion Physik Theoretical Physics Division der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat¨ P.O.Box 180 Theresienstr. 37 10 002 Zagreb 80333 Munchen¨ Croatia and Max-Planck-Institut fur¨ Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) Fohringer¨ Ring 6 80805 Munchen¨ Germany ISSN 0930-8989 ISBN 3-540-22803-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2004109784 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublicationor partsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965,in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover concept: eStudio Calamar Steinen Cover production: design & production GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper 62/3141/ts 543210 For Prof. Dubravko Tadić 31 October 1934–6 March 2003 VI Dubravko Tadić was born in Zagreb, Croatia, and graduated from the University of Zagreb with his B.Sc. in 1958. He completed his Ph.D. in 1961, during the time of Vladimir Glaser and Borivoj Jakˇsićunder the supervision of Gaja Alaga. His thesis dealt with nuclear beta decay and the structure of the weak interaction, interests which he continued to pursue thereafter as a member of the Rudjer Boˇsković Institute and later at the University of Zagreb. He was a leader of a theory research group at the Rudjer Boˇsković Institute, and later became head of the theory division of the Faculty of Sciences (PMF-Zagreb) at the University of Zagreb. He was honored for his many contributions to physics by being elected as an extraordinary member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1981, and as a full member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 1991. Professor Tadićwas well known in international circles, having spent time in Birmingham while Rudolf Peierels was present, and later at Brookhaven National Laboratory. We met while Dubravko was at Brookhaven and we started a lifelong collaboration and friendship. Among our papers was the first major review of parity-violating nuclear interactions, which incorporated the then newly-developed techniques of current algebra to study models of the weak Hamiltonian. Dubravko maintained a lifelong interest in nuclear physics, but moved later in his career into elementary particle physics, particularly weak interactions and quark models. His research was characterized by deep insight and clarity of thought along with great attention to detail. By example he served as a role model for a generation of younger physicists including the Ph.D. students he supervised in Zagreb which include B. Eman, B. Guberina, H. Galić, I. Picek, J. Trampetić, P. Colić, D. Horvat, A. Ilakovac, Z. Naranˇcić, S. Zganec,ˇ G. Omanović, and B. Podobnik. Along with his students and other collaborators he authored or coauthored 127 publications in scientific journals whose impact on physics will be felt for many years to come. Dubravko had a broad range of interests outside of physics which included military history and the history of Croatia. He was an avid hiker and enjoyed entertaining his visitors on hikes with details of local history. Although serious when working, he had a wonderful sense of humor when relaxing with family and friends. It is appropriate that we remember Dubravko Tadićin these Proceedings because he was one of the prime organizers of the Adriatic meetings, and other international events which have served to showcase the work of students and younger researchers in the Central European region. He will be deeply missed not only by his family and his lovely wife Gordana, but by the whole physics community. Ephraim Fischbach West Lafayette, Indiana, April 2004 Preface The Adriatic Meetings have traditionally been conferences on the most ad- vanced status of science. They are one of the very few conferences in physics aiming at a very broad participation of young and experienced researchers with different backgrounds in particle physics. Particle physics has grown into a highly multi-faceted discipline over the sixty years of its existence, mainly because of two reasons: Particle physics as an experimental science is in need of large-scale laboratory set-ups, involving typically collaborations of several hundreds or even thousands of researchers and technicians with the most diverse expertise. This forces particle physics, being one of the most fundamental disciplines of physics, to maintain a constant interchange and contact with other disciplines, notably solid-state physics and laser physics, cosmology and as- trophysics, mathematical physics and mathematics. Since the expertise necessary in doing research in particle physics has become tremendously demanding in the last years, the field tends to organize purely expert conferences, meetings and summer schools, such as for detector development, for astroparticle physics or for string theory. The Adriatic Meeting through its entire history has been a place for establishing exchange between theory and experiment. The 9th Adriatic Meeting successfully continued this tradition and even intensified the cross-discipline communication by establishing new contacts between the community of cos- mologists and of particle physicists. The exchange between theorists and ex- perimentalists was impressively intensive and will certainly have a lasting effect on several research projects of the European and world-wide physics community. As the title of the conference suggests, cosmology and astroparticle physics and their relation to particle physics was one of the main topics of the conference. The reason for this choice is the overwhelming quality of the results obtained in cosmology throughout the recent years. Another reason for intensifying the contact with cosmology is that the laboratory experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN are due to come into operation only in about four to five years from now. These experiments are expected to deliver for the first time sound data about physics beyond the Standard Model. It is quite unclear when or even whether there VIII Preface will be experiments going beyond the LHC energy scale, simply because of the large financial and organizational problems for building such projects. Therefore particle physics may be forced to look elsewhere for potential tests of its models, and extraterrestrial sources are the only conceivable alternative. On the theoretical side, the currently intensively discussed topic of Lorentz symmetry violation was presented as a potential window into quantum grav- ity phenomenology. It was emphasized how stringently current astrophysical results already constrain potential extensions of the Standard Model.

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