Guide, Jerry Donohue Papers (UPT 50 D687)
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INTERNATIONAL TABLES FOR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY Volume F CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Edited by MICHAEL G. ROSSMANN AND EDDY ARNOLD Advisors and Advisory Board Advisors: J. Drenth, A. Liljas. Advisory Board: U. W. Arndt, E. N. Baker, S. C. Harrison, W. G. J. Hol, K. C. Holmes, L. N. Johnson, H. M. Berman, T. L. Blundell, M. Bolognesi, A. T. Brunger, C. E. Bugg, K. K. Kannan, S.-H. Kim, A. Klug, D. Moras, R. J. Read, R. Chandrasekaran, P. M. Colman, D. R. Davies, J. Deisenhofer, T. J. Richmond, G. E. Schulz, P. B. Sigler,² D. I. Stuart, T. Tsukihara, R. E. Dickerson, G. G. Dodson, H. Eklund, R. GiegeÂ,J.P.Glusker, M. Vijayan, A. Yonath. Contributing authors E. E. Abola: The Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research W. Chiu: Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. [24.1] Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. [19.2] P. D. Adams: The Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular J. C. Cole: Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. CB2 1EZ, England. [22.4] [18.2, 25.2.3] M. L. Connolly: 1259 El Camino Real #184, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. F. H. Allen: Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, Cambridge [22.1.2] CB2 1EZ, England. [22.4, 24.3] K. D. Cowtan: Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO1 5DD, U. W. Arndt: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council, Hills England. -
Cambridge's 92 Nobel Prize Winners Part 2 - 1951 to 1974: from Crick and Watson to Dorothy Hodgkin
Cambridge's 92 Nobel Prize winners part 2 - 1951 to 1974: from Crick and Watson to Dorothy Hodgkin By Cambridge News | Posted: January 18, 2016 By Adam Care The News has been rounding up all of Cambridge's 92 Nobel Laureates, celebrating over 100 years of scientific and social innovation. ADVERTISING In this installment we move from 1951 to 1974, a period which saw a host of dramatic breakthroughs, in biology, atomic science, the discovery of pulsars and theories of global trade. It's also a period which saw The Eagle pub come to national prominence and the appearance of the first female name in Cambridge University's long Nobel history. The Gender Pay Gap Sale! Shop Online to get 13.9% off From 8 - 11 March, get 13.9% off 1,000s of items, it highlights the pay gap between men & women in the UK. Shop the Gender Pay Gap Sale – now. Promoted by Oxfam 1. 1951 Ernest Walton, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei 2. 1951 John Cockcroft, St John's / Churchill Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics, for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei Walton and Cockcroft shared the 1951 physics prize after they famously 'split the atom' in Cambridge 1932, ushering in the nuclear age with their particle accelerator, the Cockcroft-Walton generator. In later years Walton returned to his native Ireland, as a fellow of Trinity College Dublin, while in 1951 Cockcroft became the first master of Churchill College, where he died 16 years later. 3. 1952 Archer Martin, Peterhouse: Nobel Prize in Chemistry, for developing partition chromatography 4. -
Science in Action
SCIENCE IN ACTION How to follow scientists and engineers through society Bruno Latour Harvard UnlvetSHy Press Cambridge, Massachusetts 1987 INTRODUCTION Opening Pandora's Black Box Scene 1: On a cold and sunny morning in October 1985, John Whittaker entered his office in the molecular biology building of the Institut Pasteur in Paris and switched on his Eclipse MV/8000 computer. A few seconds after loading the special programs he had written, a three-dimensional picture of the DNA double helix flashed onto the screen. John, a visiting computer scientist, had been invited by the Institute to write programs that could produce three-dimensional images of the coils of DNA and relate them to the thousands of new nucleic acid sequences pouring out every year into the journals and data banks. 'Nice picture, eh?' said his boss, Pierre, who was just entering the office. 'Yes, good machine too,' answered John. Scene 2: In 1951 in the Cavendish laboratory at Cambridge, England, the X-ray pictures of crystallised deoxyribonucleic acid were not 'nice pictures' on a computer screen. The two young researchers, Jim Watson and Francis Crick1, had a hard time obtaining them from Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin in London. It was impossible yet to decide if the form of the acid was a triple or a double helix, if the phosphate bonds were at the inside or at the outside of the molecule, or indeed if it was an helix at all. It did not matter much to their boss, Sir Francis Bragg, since the two were not supposed to be working on DNA anyway, but it mattered a lot to them, especially since Linus Pauling, the famous chemist, was said to be about to uncover the structure of DNA in a few months. -
DNA: the Timeline and Evidence of Discovery
1/19/2017 DNA: The Timeline and Evidence of Discovery Interactive Click and Learn (Ann Brokaw Rocky River High School) Introduction For almost a century, many scientists paved the way to the ultimate discovery of DNA and its double helix structure. Without the work of these pioneering scientists, Watson and Crick may never have made their ground-breaking double helix model, published in 1953. The knowledge of how genetic material is stored and copied in this molecule gave rise to a new way of looking at and manipulating biological processes, called molecular biology. The breakthrough changed the face of biology and our lives forever. Watch The Double Helix short film (approximately 15 minutes) – hyperlinked here. 1 1/19/2017 1865 The Garden Pea 1865 The Garden Pea In 1865, Gregor Mendel established the foundation of genetics by unraveling the basic principles of heredity, though his work would not be recognized as “revolutionary” until after his death. By studying the common garden pea plant, Mendel demonstrated the inheritance of “discrete units” and introduced the idea that the inheritance of these units from generation to generation follows particular patterns. These patterns are now referred to as the “Laws of Mendelian Inheritance.” 2 1/19/2017 1869 The Isolation of “Nuclein” 1869 Isolated Nuclein Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss researcher, noticed an unknown precipitate in his work with white blood cells. Upon isolating the material, he noted that it resisted protein-digesting enzymes. Why is it important that the material was not digested by the enzymes? Further work led him to the discovery that the substance contained carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and large amounts of phosphorus with no sulfur. -
Physics Today - February 2003
Physics Today - February 2003 Rosalind Franklin and the Double Helix Although she made essential contributions toward elucidating the structure of DNA, Rosalind Franklin is known to many only as seen through the distorting lens of James Watson's book, The Double Helix. by Lynne Osman Elkin - California State University, Hayward In 1962, James Watson, then at Harvard University, and Cambridge University's Francis Crick stood next to Maurice Wilkins from King's College, London, to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their "discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material." Watson and Crick could not have proposed their celebrated structure for DNA as early in 1953 as they did without access to experimental results obtained by King's College scientist Rosalind Franklin. Franklin had died of cancer in 1958 at age 37, and so was ineligible to share the honor. Her conspicuous absence from the awards ceremony--the dramatic culmination of the struggle to determine the structure of DNA--probably contributed to the neglect, for several decades, of Franklin's role in the DNA story. She most likely never knew how significantly her data influenced Watson and Crick's proposal. Franklin was born 25 July 1920 to Muriel Waley Franklin and merchant banker Ellis Franklin, both members of educated and socially conscious Jewish families. They were a close immediate family, prone to lively discussion and vigorous debates at which the politically liberal, logical, and determined Rosalind excelled: She would even argue with her assertive, conservative father. Early in life, Rosalind manifested the creativity and drive characteristic of the Franklin women, and some of the Waley women, who were expected to focus their education, talents, and skills on political, educational, and charitable forms of community service. -
Max Ferdinand Perutz 1914–2002
OBITUARY Max Ferdinand Perutz 1914–2002 Max Ferdinand Perutz, who died on in the MRC Laboratory of Molecular 6 February, will be remembered as Biology, which has grown to house one of the 20th century’s scientific over 400 people. He published over giants. Often referred to as the ‘fa- 100 papers and articles during his re- ther of molecular biology’, his work tirement. Once asked why he didn’t re- remains one of the foundations on tire at 65 he replied that he was tied up which science is being built today. in some very interesting research at Born in Vienna in 1914, Max was the time. Until the Friday before educated in the Theresianum, a Christmas, he was active in the lab al- grammar school originating from most every day, submitting his last an earlier Officers’ academy. His paper just a few days before then. parents suggested that he study law Max’s scientific interests ranged far to prepare for entering the family beyond medical research. As a sideline, business, but he chose to study he also worked on glaciers in his chemistry at the University of youth. He studied the transformation Vienna. of snowflakes that fall on glaciers into In 1936, with financial support the huge single ice crystals that make from his father, he began a PhD at the Cavendish up its bulk, and the relationship between the mechanical Laboratory in Cambridge. Using X-ray crystallography he properties of ice measured in the laboratory and the mecha- aimed to determine the structure of hemoglobin. But the nism of glacier flow. -
Guides to the Royal Institution of Great Britain: 1 HISTORY
Guides to the Royal Institution of Great Britain: 1 HISTORY Theo James presenting a bouquet to HM The Queen on the occasion of her bicentenary visit, 7 December 1999. by Frank A.J.L. James The Director, Susan Greenfield, looks on Front page: Façade of the Royal Institution added in 1837. Watercolour by T.H. Shepherd or more than two hundred years the Royal Institution of Great The Royal Institution was founded at a meeting on 7 March 1799 at FBritain has been at the centre of scientific research and the the Soho Square house of the President of the Royal Society, Joseph popularisation of science in this country. Within its walls some of the Banks (1743-1820). A list of fifty-eight names was read of gentlemen major scientific discoveries of the last two centuries have been made. who had agreed to contribute fifty guineas each to be a Proprietor of Chemists and physicists - such as Humphry Davy, Michael Faraday, a new John Tyndall, James Dewar, Lord Rayleigh, William Henry Bragg, INSTITUTION FOR DIFFUSING THE KNOWLEDGE, AND FACILITATING Henry Dale, Eric Rideal, William Lawrence Bragg and George Porter THE GENERAL INTRODUCTION, OF USEFUL MECHANICAL - carried out much of their major research here. The technological INVENTIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS; AND FOR TEACHING, BY COURSES applications of some of this research has transformed the way we OF PHILOSOPHICAL LECTURES AND EXPERIMENTS, THE APPLICATION live. Furthermore, most of these scientists were first rate OF SCIENCE TO THE COMMON PURPOSES OF LIFE. communicators who were able to inspire their audiences with an appreciation of science. -
Communications-Mathematics and Applied Mathematics/Download/8110
A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." ― Socrates Manjunath.R #16/1, 8th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore560010, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] *Website: http://www.myw3schools.com/ A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe What’s the Ultimate Question? Since the dawn of the history of science from Copernicus (who took the details of Ptolemy, and found a way to look at the same construction from a slightly different perspective and discover that the Earth is not the center of the universe) and Galileo to the present, we (a hoard of talking monkeys who's consciousness is from a collection of connected neurons − hammering away on typewriters and by pure chance eventually ranging the values for the (fundamental) numbers that would allow the development of any form of intelligent life) have gazed at the stars and attempted to chart the heavens and still discovering the fundamental laws of nature often get asked: What is Dark Matter? ... What is Dark Energy? ... What Came Before the Big Bang? ... What's Inside a Black Hole? ... Will the universe continue expanding? Will it just stop or even begin to contract? Are We Alone? Beginning at Stonehenge and ending with the current crisis in String Theory, the story of this eternal question to uncover the mysteries of the universe describes a narrative that includes some of the greatest discoveries of all time and leading personalities, including Aristotle, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton, and the rise to the modern era of Einstein, Eddington, and Hawking. -
Science in a New Light Last Experiment on the DORIS Synchrotron, P-CUBE Draws to a Close, and the Story Behind a New Crystal Harvesting Technology
The Newsletter of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory EMBL Issue 72 • December 2012 • www.embl.org/newsletter etcetera Science in a new light Last experiment on the DORIS synchrotron, P-CUBE draws to a close, and the story behind a new crystal harvesting technology Balancing act More than 300 scientists, journalists and members of the public convened at EMBL Heidelberg 9–10 November to discuss one of the most challenging DORIS retired, page 4 issues facing mankind: the increas- ing number of species of plants and animals under threat of extinction. The diverse programme for this year’s Science and Society conference brought together expertise from areas including research, policy, public health and philosophy. The event gave participants the opportunity to voice opinions, hopes and concerns in rela- Crystal harvesting, page 5 P-CUBE legacy, page 3 tion to biodiversity. See page 10 Reviews, rewards and renewals Important decisions made at Winter Council Meeting in November An eventful Winter Council Meeting took place in Hamburg, with delegates discussing and voting on a large number of lab-based issues. Highlights included the announcement of positive reviews of EMBL Heidelberg’s Genome Biology Unit and EMBL Monterotondo’s Mouse Biology Unit, a special contribution from the Luxembourg government to fund joint projects, agreement to take the next steps towards a new outstation, and the appointment of Claudio Sunkel as the new Chair of Council. Find out more on page 2 Meet the new John Kendrew The greatest story What sci-fi head of EMBL Award winner never told? stocking filler 7 Monterotondo 9 11 12 would you give? Winter Council Meeting: Reviews, rewards and renewals Delegates took part in an eventful Winter finance research projects jointly selected by Council Meeting in Hamburg, 27–28 Novem- EMBL and Luxembourg’s National Research ber, where they approved EMBL’s 2013 budget Fund (FNR). -
Linus Pauling and the Belated Nobel Peace Prize,” Science & Diplomacy, Vol
Peter C. Agre, “Fifty Years Ago: Linus Pauling and the Belated Nobel Peace Prize,” Science & Diplomacy, Vol. 2, No. 4 (December 2013*). http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/letter- field/2013/fifty-years-ago-linus-pauling-and-belated-nobel-peace-prize. This copy is for non-commercial use only. More articles, perspectives, editorials, and letters can be found at www.sciencediplomacy.org. Science & Diplomacy is published by the Center for Science Diplomacy of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the world’s largest general scientific society. *The complete issue will be posted in December 2013. Fifty Years Ago: Linus Pauling and the Belated Nobel Peace Prize Peter C. Agre RADUATE students have approached me on multiple occasions to inquire Gabout pursuing a career in science diplomacy. My first reaction is to fire back, “And so how is it going in the lab?” This often provokes embarrassment and an occasional confession about the frustrations of being a graduate student. On other occasions I think their questions were primed by the idealism of doing something with importance far beyond the laboratory. Is it possible that extracurricular activities efforts outside of the laboratory might have special value? And to what extent is the credibility in the lab essential for extracurricular attention? It seemed likely that the international network of scientists who know other scientists represents unique opportunities to use science to foster friendships worldwide. This has caused me to reflect on the many interesting people I have encountered during my career in science. A few were particularly inspirational, and of these, Linus Pauling, the fascinating and colorful American scientist, stands out for opening doors both worldwide and here in the United States. -
Structure Matters
the protein crystallographer’s ultimate lab automation bundle protein crystallisation 3 instruments year full 2 warranty set of unlimited 1 software licences do you have the steadiest hand in crystallography? take the loop master challenge at ACA 2017! discover more at www.ttplabtech.com fi nd us on ACA - Structure Matters www.AmerCrystalAssn.org Table of Contents 2 President’s Column 2-3 2017 IUCr Meeting & General Assembly Hyderabad 4 New ACA SIG for Cryo-EM 4-5 New ACA SIG for Best Practices for Data Analysis & Archiving 5 What's on the Cover 6-7 News from Canada What's on the Cover Page 5 8 ACA History Site Update 8 Index of Advertisers 9-12 Living History - Alex Wlodawer 13 ACA New Orleans - Workshop on Communication & Innovation 14-15 ACA New Orleans - Workshop on Research Data Management 16 ACA New Orleans - Workshop on Crysalis & OLEX2 16 Contributors to this Issue 18 Spotlight on Stamps 19-20 ACA New Orleans - Travel Grant Recipients 21-23 Obituaries Election Results Isabella Karle (1921-2017) Henry Bragg (1919-2017) 24 News and Awards 24-25 CESTA 2017 - A Study of the Art of Symmetry 26-28 Update on Structural Dynamics 29 ACA Corporate Members 30 Book Reviews 31-33 ACA Elections Results for 2018 34 2017 Contributors to ACA Funds 35 Puzzle Corner 36-37 ACA 2018 NToronto - Preview 38 Call for Nominations 39 ACA 2018 Summer Course in Chemical Crystallography 40 Future Meetings Contributions to ACA RefleXions may be sent to either of the Editors: Please address matters pertaining to advertisements, Judith L. -
The Triple Helix
The Triple Helix UI did 170t feel that I was in a race z.uith Watson and Crick . ... They felt that by Thomas Hager they were in a r,1CeU!ltl'J. 1 me. ,. Most of the former 117 J(;{117!;S 1f7atsOil'S 1968 boo/?', The Double The real prize. the true secret of life, Pauling contestants in the Caltech·Cambridge Helix, he u'rites Clll irt'Cl!Crcnt account of the race to now knew, '.vas DNA, and it Vias here that he DNA duel gathered at discot'er tbe str;,'ctm"c ofDNA-m sec;l/rolli Ei7gla;;,~ next turned his anention. a Caltech protein con· where the race was WOil in 1953. From the beg1;m;i7g, On November 25. 1952, three months after ference in September 7 1953 (this is about a 1f atsoil (/lld Fr,n;r1s Crick at Sir LaU~"CilCe BI~1gg'S returning from England, Pauling attended a third of the group). CapcndiJh La/Jo;,,-:t01J' at Ca1;;bridge Ullir'c;-sit)'; ,k;ltU: Caltech biology seminar given by Robley Pauling and Corey thEY u'e/"( ill a [017test with Lim/r Pa!tii;;g, "Cal Tech's \Villiams, a Berkeley professor who had done stand at right in the front row; .John Ken· fab!!loNs chemist" fot tbe prize, "the mOft goldm 0/ cdl some amazing work with an electron microscope. drew at left. Wilkins mo/eClJies." Also iJ7{Jo/ucd iil a sOf17ewh?1t l!l2M'), co/. Through a Lomplicated technique he was able to is in the second row lahoratifJIl 077 the English sidr were the x-ray ClJ'Jtcd get images of incredibly small biological struc at the left behind Kendrew (no, they are lographcn Marlrice WTilkim (md RosaliHd F;-,;mb/i;i tures.