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Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/24971 SHARE Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research DETAILS 62 pages | 8.5 x 11 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-46930-2 | DOI 10.17226/24971 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Commitee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research; Board on Physics and Astronomy; Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine FIND RELATED TITLES Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research PREPUBLICATION COPY – SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION INTERIM REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR U.S. BURNING PLASMA RESEARCH Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research Board on Physics and Astronomy Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences A Consensus Study Report of Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by the Contract No. DE-SC0013488 from the Department of Energy. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/24971 Copies of this publication are available free of charge from Board on Physics and Astronomy National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 Copyright 2017 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested Citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24971. PREPUBLICATION COPY–SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org. PREPUBLICATION COPY–SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. PREPUBLICATION COPY–SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research COMMITTEE ON A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR U.S. BURNING PLASMA RESEARCH MICHAEL MAUEL, Columbia University, Co-Chair MELVYN SHOCHET, NAS,1 University of Chicago, Co-Chair CHRISTINA BACK, General Atomics RICCARDO BETTI, University of Rochester IAN CHAPMAN, UK Atomic Energy Authority CARY FOREST, University of Wisconsin, Madison T. KENNETH FOWLER, University of California, Berkeley JEFFREY FREIDBERG, Massachusetts Institute of Technology RONALD GILGENBACH, University of Michigan WILLIAM HEIDBRINK, University of California, Irvine MARK HERRMANN, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory FRANK JENKO, University of California, Los Angeles STANLEY KAYE, Princeton University MITSURU KIKUCHI, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology SUSANA REYES, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory C. PAUL ROBINSON, Advanced Reactor Concepts, LLC PHILIP SNYDER, General Atomics AMY WENDT, University of Wisconsin, Madison BRIAN WIRTH, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Staff JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director DAVID LANG, Senior Program Officer, Study Director ANDREA PETERSON, Program Officer (until August 2017) CHRISTOPHER J. JONES, Program Officer NEERAJ GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator HENRY KO, Research Associate BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate 1 NAS, National Academy of Sciences. PREPUBLICATION COPY–SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research BOARD ON PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY BARBARA V. JACAK, NAS,1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chair ABRAHAM LOEB, NAS, Harvard University, Vice Chair FRANCIS J. DISALVO, NAS, Cornell University TODD DITMIRE, University of Texas, Austin NATHANIEL J. FISCH, Princeton University DANIEL FISHER, NAS, Stanford University WENDY FREEDMAN, NAS, University of Chicago GERALD GABRIELSE, Harvard University JACQUELINE N. HEWITT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology WENDELL T. HILL III, University of Maryland ALAN J. HURD, Los Alamos National Laboratory BARBARA JONES, IBM Almaden Research Center HERBERT LEVINE, Rice University LYMAN A. PAGE, JR., NAS, Princeton University STEVEN M. RITZ, University of California Santa Cruz Staff JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director DAVID B. LANG, Senior Program Officer CHRISTOPHER J. JONES, Program Officer NEERAJ GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator HENRY KO, Research Associate BETH DOLAN, Financial Associate 1 NAS, National Academy of Sciences. PREPUBLICATION COPY–SUBJECT TO FURTHER EDITORIAL CORRECTION vi Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Interim Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research Preface In January 2003, President George W. Bush announced that the United States would begin negotiations to join the ITER project and noted that “if successful, ITER would create the first fusion device capable of producing thermal energy comparable to the output of a power plant, making commercially viable fusion power available as soon as 2050.” In 2007, the United States became an ITER member after signing a binding international agreement with China, the European Union (EU), India, Japan, the Republic of Korea (ROK), and Russia. The United States and the other ITER members are now constructing ITER with the aim to demonstrate that magnetically confined plasmas can produce more fusion power than the power needed to sustain the plasma. This is a critical step towards producing and delivering electricity from fusion energy. Since the international establishment of the ITER project, ITER’s construction schedule has slipped and ITER’s costs have increased significantly, leading to questions about whether the United States should continue
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