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Palms of the Bismarck

l99sl ESSIG:PALMS OF BISMARCKARCHIPELAGO Principes,39(3), I995, pp. 123-129 A Checklistand Analysisof the Palmsof the Bismarck Archipelago FneoenlcrB. Essrc Institutefor Systematic Botany, Department ofBiology, (Jniuersity ofsouth Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 This analysisof the palm flora of the Bismarck them. However,surprisingly few New Guineapalms Archipelago, although certainly incomplete, is have crossedthe small gap. The Solomon Islands intended both as a practical guide to the palms, begin officially with Bougainville, some 120 miles and as a small contribution to the phytogeography east of New Ireland, with only a few very small of the region. The Bismarck Archipelago is a sub- islandslying betweenthe two archipelagos.A num- stantial chain of islands off the north-east coast ber of palms have apparently migrated from the of New Guinea, and is part of the independent Solomonsto the Bismarck Archipelago. nation of Papua New Guinea. The chain itself is Most palm fruits in the western Pacific region "U," bent into I Iying on its side just south of are fleshy and rather heavy, and are presumably the equator. The two large islandsof New Britain dispersedonly short distancesby animals (Nypo and New Ireland form the bulk ofthe archipelago, and Cocosare obvious exceptions).Some genera but both sidesof the U-shapedchain extend west- with large fruits, such as Orania, are absentfrom ward in strings of small islands. The chain ter- the Bismarck Archipelago,although abundantand minates on the north side with Manus Island (the diverse on New Guinea and some of the islands Admiralty Islands), and on the south side with a to the southeast.Even genera with smaller fruits seiies of small volcanic islandslying closely along (e.9., Calamus, Gulubia, Gronophyllum, the north coast of New Guinea (Fig.
International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation

\\server05\productn\H\HLI\50-2\HLI204.txt unknown Seq: 1 25-JUN-09 7:36 VOLUME 50, NUMBER 2, SUMMER 2009 International Law Limits on Investor Liability in Human Rights Litigation Michael D. Ramsey* This Article assesses efforts in U.S. courts, principally under the federal Alien Tort Statute, to hold foreign investors indirectly liable for human rights violations committed by the governments of countries in which they do business. Such claims, though intended as remedies for international law violations, create substantial tensions with international law in two respects. First, to the extent they purport to regulate the non-U.S. activities of non-U.S. entities, they may conflict with international law principles of prescriptive jurisdiction, which limit a nation’s ability to regulate the extraterritorial activities of non-nationals. Although an exception for universal jurisdiction allows nations to punish a few especially heinous interna- tional crimes without regard to territory or citizenship, it seems difficult to establish universal jurisdiction for most indirect investor liability claims, and in any event U.S. courts appear to have lost sight of this limitation. Second, investor liability suits may misconceive the source of customary international law principles. Because customary international law arises from the actual practices of nations followed out of a sense of legal obligation, its content cannot be derived from analogies to nations’ practices in areas that are factually and normatively distinct. The only reliable evidence of nations’ practices is what nations actually have done with respect to investor liability, and there is no consistent practice of imposing indirect liability on investors for host government abuses.
Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, Constituting the First Record of the Subgenus Batrachylodes from Outside of the Solomon Archipelago

Zootaxa 4370 (1): 023–044 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4370.1.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:949E6268-A4B7-4528-859C-482E1F3652D9 A new miniature Melanesian Forest Frog (Ceratobatrachidae: Cornufer) from New Britain Island, constituting the first record of the subgenus Batrachylodes from outside of the Solomon Archipelago SCOTT L. TRAVERS1, STEPHEN J. RICHARDS2, TAYLOR S. BROADHEAD1,3 & RAFE M. BROWN1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Law- rence, KS 66045-7561, USA. E-mail: SLT: [email protected]; RMB: [email protected] 2Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, S.A. 5000, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Current address: Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, 203 South Martin Jischke Dr, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1971, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We describe a new species of Cornufer, subgenus Batrachylodes, from high-elevation forests of New Britain Island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Eastern Melanesia. The new species, Cornufer exedrus sp. nov., is a biogeographically disjunct member of the Batrachylodes clade, representing the first record of the subgenus from outside of the Solomon Archipel- ago. The new species is a small terrestrial form from dense, closed-canopy forests above 1500 meters elevation in the Na- kanai Mountains of eastern New Britain. It differs from its closest relatives, the other members of the subgenus Batrachylodes, on the basis of its minute body size, degree of digital disc expansion, reduced subdigital tuberculation, color pattern, and other traits related to its small size.
Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
Rotuma: Interpreting a Wedding

ROTUMA: INTERPRETING A WEDDING Alan Howard and Jan Rensei n most societies there are one or two activities that express, in highly condensed ways, what life is all about for its members. IIn Bali it is the cockfight,1 among the Australian Aborigines the corroboree, in Brazil there is carnival. One might make a case for the Super Bowl in the United States. On Rotuma, a small iso lated island in the South Pacific, weddings express, in practice and symbolically, the deepest values of the culture. In the bring ing together of a young man and young woman, in the work that goes into preparing the wedding feast, in the participation of chiefs both as paragons of virtue and targets of humor, in the dis plays of food and fine white mats, and in the sequence of ceremo nial rites performed, Rotumans communicate to one another what they care about most: kinship and community, fertility of the peo ple and land, the political balance between chiefs and common ers, and perpetuation of Rotuman custom. After providing a brief description of Rotuma and its people, we narrate an account of a wedding in which we participated. We then interpret key features of the wedding, showing how they express, in various ways, core Rotuman values. THE ISLAND AND ITS PEOPLE Rotuma is situated approximately three hundred miles north of Fiji, on the western fringe of Polynesia. The island is volcanic in origin, forming a land area of about seventeen square miles, with the highest craters rising to eight hundred feet above sea level.
Papua New Guinea IV Trip Report 22Nd July to 8Th August 2018 (18 Days)

Papua New Guinea IV Trip Report 22nd July to 8th August 2018 (18 days) Flame Bowerbird by Glen Valentine Tour Leaders: Glen Valentine & David Erterius Trip report compiled by Glen Valentine Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea IV 2018 2 Top 10 birds of the tour as voted for by the tour participants: 1. Flame Bowerbird 2. King-of-Saxony Bird-of-Paradise 3. Wattled Ploughbill 4. Blue-capped Ifrit, King Bird-of-Paradise & Papuan Frogmouth 5. Wallace’s Fairywren, Superb Bird-of-Paradise, Wallace’s Owlet-nightjar, MacGregor’s Bowerbird (for its elaborate bower!) & Brown Sicklebill, 6. Queen Carola’s Parotia 7. Brown-headed Paradise Kingfisher 8. Moustached Treeswift, Blue Jewel-babbler, Emperor Fairywren & Orange-fronted Hanging Parrot 9. Crested Berrypecker & Black-capped Lory 10. Red-breasted Pygmy Parrot Sclater’s Crowned Pigeon by Glen Valentine Tour Summary Tucked away between the Lesser Sundas and the expansive continent of Australia is the legendary island of New Guinea. Home to the spectacular birds-of-paradise, arguably the world’s most attractive and intriguing bird family, New Guinea will always be one of those very special destinations that every birder wishes to visit sometime in their lives. Rockjumper Birding Tours Trip Report – RBL Papua New Guinea IV 2018 3 Our fourth of six comprehensive birding tours to Papua New Guinea (the eastern half of the island of New Guinea) for the 2018 season coincided, as always with the dry season and the advent of displaying birds-of-paradise. The trip was a resounding success once again and racked
PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea

Environmental Assessment and Review Framework September 2015 PNG: Building Resilience to Climate Change in Papua New Guinea This environmental assessment and review framework is a document of the borrower/recipient. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Project information, including draft and final documents, will be made available for public review and comment as per ADB Public Communications Policy 2011. The environmental assessment and review framework will be uploaded to ADB website and will be disclosed locally. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. ii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 1 A. BACKGROUND .....................................................................................................................................
Fara Way Rotuma

from Stories of the Southern Sea, by Lawrence Winkler Published as a Kindle book on December 26, 2013 Fara Way Rotuma “Their bodies were curiously marked with the figures of men, dogs, fishes and birds upon every part of them; so that every man was a moving landscape.” George Hamilton, Pandora’s surgeon, 1791 The whole scene was a moving landscape, directly under us, just over two hundred years after Captain Edwards had arrived on the HMS Pandora. He had been looking for the Bounty. We would find another. The pilot of our Britten-Norman banked off the huge cloud he had found over six hundred kilometers north of the rest of Fiji, and sliced down into it sideways, like he was cutting a grey soufflé. Nothing could have prepared us for the magnificence that opened up below, with the dispersal of the last gasping mists. A fringing reef, barely holding back the eternal explosions of rabid frothing foam and every blue in the reflected cosmos, encircled every green in nature. On the edge of both creations were the most spectacular beaches in the Southern Sea. Captain Edwards had called it Grenville Island. Two hundred years earlier, it was named Tuamoco by de Quiros, before he went on to establish his doomed New Jerusalem in Vanuatu. But that was less important for the moment. We had reestablished level flight, and were lining up on the dumbbell- shaped island’s only rectangular open space, a long undulating patch of grass, between the mountains and the ocean. Hardly more than a lawn bowling pitch anywhere else, here it was the airstrip, beside which a tiny remote paradise was waving all its arms.
Moluccas 15 July to 14 August 2013 Henk Hendriks

Moluccas 15 July to 14 August 2013 Henk Hendriks INTRODUCTION It was my 7th trip to Indonesia. This time I decided to bird the remote eastern half of this country from 15 July to 14 August 2013. Actually it is not really a trip to the Moluccas only as Tanimbar is part of the Lesser Sunda subregion, while Ambon, Buru, Seram, Kai and Boano are part of the southern group of the Moluccan subregion. The itinerary I made would give us ample time to find most of the endemics/specialties of the islands of Ambon, Buru, Seram, Tanimbar, Kai islands and as an extension Boano. The first 3 weeks I was accompanied by my brother Frans, Jan Hein van Steenis and Wiel Poelmans. During these 3 weeks we birded Ambon, Buru, Seram and Tanimbar. We decided to use the services of Ceisar to organise these 3 weeks for us. Ceisar is living on Ambon and is the ground agent of several bird tour companies. After some negotiations we settled on the price and for this Ceisar and his staff organised the whole trip. This included all transportation (Car, ferry and flights), accommodation, food and assistance during the trip. On Seram and Ambon we were also accompanied by Vinno. You have to understand that both Ceisar and Vinno are not really bird guides. They know the sites and from there on you have to find the species yourselves. After these 3 weeks, Wiel Poelmans and I continued for another 9 days, independently, to the Kai islands, Ambon again and we made the trip to Boano.
201014 Technical Report on Lihir Operations As of 30 June 2020

LIHIR OPERATIONS ANIOLAM ISLAND PAPUA NEW GUINEA NI 43-101 Technical Report Report Prepared For: Newcrest Mining Limited. Qualified Person: Mr. Kevin Gleeson, F.AusIMM Mr. Steven Butt, F.AusIMM Mr. John O’Callaghan, F.AusIMM Mr. Craig Jones, FAusIMM. Report Effective Date: 30 June, 2020. CERTIFICATE OF QUALIFIED PERSON I, Kevin Gleeson, FAusIMM, am employed as the Head of Mineral Resource Management with Newcrest Mining Limited (Newcrest), situated at Level 8, 600 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia. This certificate applies to the technical report titled “Lihir Operations, Aniolam Island, Papua New Guinea, NI 43-101 Technical Report” that has an effective date of 30 June, 2020 (the technical report). I am a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (FAusIMM). I graduated with a Bachelor of Science (Hons) from the University of Melbourne, Victoria Australia, in 1987. I have practiced my profession for over 30 years since graduation. I have been directly involved in exploration, interpretation, geological evaluation, development of resource models, ore control, and reconciliation for both open pit and underground mining in Australia, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia. I have been directly involved in pre- feasibility and feasibility studies for gold and gold–copper deposits, and I currently manage a team of resource modellers and ore deposit knowledge specialists. As a result of my experience and qualifications, I am a Qualified Person as defined in National Instrument 43–101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43–101) for those sections of the technical report that I am responsible for preparing. I visited have visited the Lihir Operations on a number of occasions, most recently for a five-day duration, from 14–18 April 2019.
A MTAK Kiadványai 47. Budapest, 1966

A MAGYAR TUDOMÁNYOS AKADÉMIA KÖNYVTARÁNAK KÖZLEMÉNYEI PUBLICATIONES BIBLIOTHECAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM HUNGARICAE 47. INDEX ÀCRONYMORUM SELECTORUM Institute* communicationis BUDAPEST, 1966 VOCABULARIUM ABBREVIATURARUM BIBLIOTHECARII III Index acronymorum selectorum 7. Instituta communicationis A MAGYAR TUDOMÁNYOS AKADÉMIA KÖNYVTARÁNAK KÖZLEMÉNYEI PUBLICATIONES BIBLIOTHECAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM HUNGARICAE 47. VOCABULARIUM ABBREVIATURARUM BIBLIOTHECARII Index acronymorum selectorum 7. Instituta communicationis BUDAPEST, 196 6 A MAGYAR TUDOMÁNYOS AKADÉMIA KÖNYVTARÁNAK KÖZLEMÉNYEI PUBLICATIONES BIBLIOTHECAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM HUNGARICAE 47. INDEX ACRONYMORUM SELECTORUM 7 Instituta communications. BUDAPEST, 1966 INDEX ACRONYMORUM SELECTORUM Pars. 7. Instituta communicationis. Adiuvantibus EDIT BODNÁ R-BERN ÁT H et MAGDA TULOK collegit et edidit dr. phil. ENDRE MORAVEK Lectores: Gyula Tárkányi Sámuel Papp © 1966 MTA Köynvtára F. к.: Rózsa György — Kiadja a MTA Könyvtára — Példányszám: 750 Alak A/4. - Terjedelem 47'/* A/5 ív 65395 - M.T.A. KESz sokszorosító v ELŐSZÓ "Vocabularium abbreviaturarum bibliothecarii" cimü munkánk ez ujabb füzete az "Index acronymorum selectorum" kötet részeként, a köz- lekedési és hírközlési intézmények /ilyen jellegű állami szervek, vasu- tak, légiközlekedési vállalatok, távirati irodák, sajtóügynökségek stb/ névröviditéseit tartalmazza. Az idevágó felsőbb fokú állami intézmények /pl. minisztériumok stb./ nevének acronymáit, amelyeket az "Instituta rerum publicarum" c. kötetben közöltünk, technikai okokból nem
From Paradise Lost to Promised Land: Christianity and the Rise of West

School of History & Politics & Centre for Asia Pacific Social Transformation Studies (CAPSTRANS) University of Wollongong From Paradise Lost to Promised Land Christianity and the Rise of West Papuan Nationalism Susanna Grazia Rizzo A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) of the University of Wollongong 2004 “Religion (…) constitutes the universal horizon and foundation of the nation’s existence. It is in terms of religion that a nation defines what it considers to be true”. G. W. F. Hegel, Lectures on the of Philosophy of World History. Abstract In 1953 Aarne Koskinen’s book, The Missionary Influence as a Political Factor in the Pacific Islands, appeared on the shelves of the academic world, adding further fuel to the longstanding debate in anthropological and historical studies regarding the role and effects of missionary activity in colonial settings. Koskinen’s finding supported the general view amongst anthropologists and historians that missionary activity had a negative impact on non-Western populations, wiping away their cultural templates and disrupting their socio-economic and political systems. This attitude towards mission activity assumes that the contemporary non-Western world is the product of the ‘West’, and that what the ‘Rest’ believes and how it lives, its social, economic and political systems, as well as its values and beliefs, have derived from or have been implanted by the ‘West’. This postulate has led to the denial of the agency of non-Western or colonial people, deeming them as ‘history-less’ and ‘nation-less’: as an entity devoid of identity. But is this postulate true? Have the non-Western populations really been passive recipients of Western commodities, ideas and values? This dissertation examines the role that Christianity, the ideology of the West, the religion whose values underlies the semantics and structures of modernisation, has played in the genesis and rise of West Papuan nationalism.